Demographics of Ireland | |
---|---|
Population | 5,281,600 (2023) |
Density | 73 per km2 |
Growth rate | 8.1% |
Birth rate | 13.7 births/1,000 population |
Death rate | 6.5 deaths/1,000 population |
Life expectancy | 80.19 years |
• male | 78 years |
• female | 82.6 years |
Fertility rate | 1.91 children born/woman |
Infant mortality rate | 3.85 deaths/1,000 live births |
Net migration rate | 0.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 21.3% |
15–64 years | 67.0% |
65 and over | 11.7% |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 0.99 male/female |
At birth | 1.057 male/female |
Under 15 | 1.07 male/female |
15–64 years | 1.00 male/female |
65 and over | 0.81 male/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Irish |
Major ethnic | Irish 76.5% |
Minor ethnic | Other White 10.3%, Asian: 3.7%, Black: 1.5%, Irish Travellers 0.7%, Other 1.3%, Not stated 6.7% (2022) |
Language | |
Official | Irish, English |
Spoken | Irish sign language, Shelta, Ulster Scots |
Ireland had an estimated population of 5,281,600 as of 1 April 2023. [1]
The island of Ireland's population has fluctuated over history. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, Ireland experienced a major population boom as a result of the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions. In the 50-year period 1790–1840, the population of the island doubled from 4 million to 8 million. At its peak, Ireland's population density was similar to that of England and continental Europe.
This changed dramatically with the Great Famine of the mid-19th century, which led to mass starvation and consequent mass emigration. In the area covering the present day Republic of Ireland, the population reached about 6.5 million in the mid-1840s. Ten years later it was down to 5 million. The population continued a slow decline well into the 20th century, with the Republic recording a low of 2.8 million in the 1961 census. [2]
During the 1960s, the population started to grow once more, although slowly as emigration was still common. In the 1990s the country entered a period of rapid economic growth as a result of the Celtic Tiger Irish economic boom, and the Republic started to receive immigration. Many former Irish emigrants returned home, and Ireland became an attractive destination for immigrants, from other member states EU such as Central Europe, but also from outside the EU such as Africa, Asia and elsewhere. With the 2008 onset of the Irish economic and banking crisis, the state's economy suffered, and Ireland has once again been experiencing net emigration of its citizens, but immigration remains high.
In November 2013, Eurostat reported that the Republic had the largest net emigration rate of any member state, at 7.6 emigrants per 1,000 population. However, it has the youngest population of any European Union member state [3] and its population size is predicted to grow for many decades, in contrast with the declining population predicted for most European countries. A report published in 2008 predicted that the population would reach 6.7 million by 2060. [4] The Republic has also been experiencing a baby boom, with increasing birth rates and overall fertility rates. [5] Despite this, the total fertility rate is still below replacement depending on when the measurement is taken. The Irish fertility rate is still the highest of any European country. [6] This increase is significantly fuelled by non-Irish immigration – in 2009, one-quarter of all babies born in Ireland were born to foreign-born mothers. [7]
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1841 | 6,528,799 | — |
1851 | 5,111,557 | −2.42% |
1861 | 4,402,111 | −1.48% |
1871 | 4,053,187 | −0.82% |
1881 | 3,870,020 | −0.46% |
1891 | 3,468,694 | −1.09% |
1901 | 3,221,823 | −0.74% |
1911 | 3,139,688 | −0.26% |
1926 | 2,971,992 | −0.37% |
1936 | 2,968,420 | −0.01% |
1946 | 2,955,107 | −0.04% |
1951 | 2,960,593 | +0.04% |
1961 | 2,818,341 | −0.49% |
1971 | 2,978,248 | +0.55% |
1981 | 3,443,405 | +1.46% |
1991 | 3,525,719 | +0.24% |
2002 | 3,917,203 | +0.96% |
2011 | 4,588,252 | +1.77% |
2022 | 5,149,139 | +1.05% |
Source: CSO [8] 2019 [9] |
The population of Ireland was 5,123,536 people in 2022. Demographic statistics as of 2019. [10]
Urban population (areas with >1,500 people): 62.0% (2011)
Rural population: 38.0% (2011)
The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. [11]
Year | 1850 | 1851 | 1852 | 1853 | 1854 | 1855 | 1856 | 1857 | 1858 | 1859 | 1860 [11] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total fertility rate of Ireland | 4.20 | 4.13 | 4.06 | 3.99 | 3.93 | 3.86 | 3.79 | 3.72 | 3.65 | 3.58 | 3.51 |
Year | 1861 | 1862 | 1863 | 1864 | 1865 | 1866 | 1867 | 1868 | 1869 | 1870 [11] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total fertility rate of Ireland | 3.45 | 3.38 | 3.31 | 3.24 | 3.47 | 3.54 | 3.53 | 3.58 | 3.58 | 3.71 |
Year | 1871 | 1872 | 1873 | 1874 | 1875 | 1876 | 1877 | 1878 | 1879 | 1880 [11] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total fertility rate of Ireland | 3.67 | 3.72 | 3.63 | 3.57 | 3.51 | 3.57 | 3.54 | 3.40 | 3.44 | 3.31 |
Year | 1881 | 1882 | 1883 | 1884 | 1885 | 1886 | 1887 | 1888 | 1889 | 1890 [11] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total fertility rate of Ireland | 3.33 | 3.22 | 3.15 | 3.20 | 3.15 | 3.11 | 3.10 | 3.06 | 3.04 | 2.99 |
Year | 1891 | 1892 | 1893 | 1894 | 1895 | 1896 | 1897 | 1898 | 1899 [11] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total fertility rate of Ireland | 3.05 | 3.01 | 3.09 | 3.08 | 3.12 | 3.17 | 3.16 | 3.13 | 3.09 |
Birth rate; 13.8 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 137th
Total fertility rate; 1.96 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 125th
Mother's mean age at first birth; 30.7 years (2015 est.)
Death rate; 6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 140th
Period | Life expectancy in Years | Period | Life expectancy in Years |
---|---|---|---|
1950–1955 | 66.9 | 1985–1990 | 74.2 |
1955–1960 | 69.2 | 1990–1995 | 75.3 |
1960–1965 | 70.1 | 1995–2000 | 76.0 |
1965–1970 | 70.8 | 2000–2005 | 77.8 |
1970–1975 | 71.2 | 2005–2010 | 79.7 |
1975–1980 | 72.0 | 2010–2015 | 80.9 |
1980–1985 | 73.2 |
Source: UN World Population Prospects
Age structure [12]
Median age; total: 37.1 years
Population on 1 April | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Crude migration (per 1000) | Total fertility rate [fn 1] [11] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1900 | 3,231,000 | 70,435 | 21.8 | 3.04 | |||||
1901 | 3,234,000 | 70,194 | 21.7 | 2.92 | |||||
1902 | 3,205,000 | 71,156 | 22.2 | 3.08 | |||||
1903 | 3,191,000 | 70,541 | 22.1 | 3.09 | |||||
1904 | 3,169,000 | 72,261 | 22.8 | 3.16 | |||||
1905 | 3,160,000 | 71,427 | 22.6 | 3.13 | |||||
1906 | 3,164,000 | 72,147 | 22.8 | 3.15 | |||||
1907 | 3,145,000 | 70,773 | 22.5 | 3.11 | |||||
1908 | 3,147,000 | 71,439 | 22.7 | 3.12 | |||||
1909 | 3,135,000 | 72,119 | 23.0 | 3.14 | |||||
1910 | 3,132,000 | 71,744 | 22.9 | 3.12 | |||||
1911 | 3,129,000 | 71,351 | 22.8 | 3.07 | |||||
1912 | 3,116,000 | 70,734 | 50,489 | 20,245 | 22.7 | 16.2 | 6.5 | -9.7 | 3.10 |
1913 | 3,106,000 | 70,214 | 52,184 | 18,030 | 22.6 | 16.8 | 5.8 | -8.4 | 3.09 |
1914 | 3,098,000 | 69,102 | 49,674 | 19,428 | 22.3 | 16.0 | 6.3 | -16.0 | 3.05 |
1915 | 3,068,000 | 67,501 | 53,713 | 13,788 | 22.0 | 17.5 | 4.5 | -3.5 | 2.99 |
1916 | 3,071,000 | 64,814 | 50,627 | 14,187 | 21.1 | 16.5 | 4.6 | -4.6 | 2.87 |
1917 | 3,071,000 | 61,429 | 51,713 | 9,716 | 20.0 | 16.8 | 3.2 | -3.9 | 2.71 |
1918 | 3,069,000 | 61,092 | 53,682 | 7,410 | 19.9 | 17.5 | 2.4 | -5.3 | 2.73 |
1919 | 3,060,000 | 61,829 | 55,776 | 6,044 | 19.9 | 18.2 | 1.7 | 12.0 | 2.75 |
1920 | 3,102,000 | 67,015 | 45,521 | 21,494 | 21.6 | 14.7 | 6.9 | -8.8 | 3.20 |
1921 | 3,096,000 | 61,010 | 44,537 | 16,473 | 19.7 | 14.4 | 5.3 | -13.7 | 2.79 |
1922 | 3,070,000 | 58,849 | 44,547 | 14,302 | 18.5 | 14.5 | 4.0 | -22.2 | 2.61 |
1923 | 3,014,000 | 62,417 | 42,217 | 19,473 | 20.5 | 14.0 | 6.5 | -9.5 | 2.74 |
1924 | 3,005,000 | 63,402 | 45,180 | 18,222 | 21.1 | 15.0 | 6.1 | -12.8 | 2.83 |
1925 | 2,985,000 | 62,069 | 43,650 | 18,419 | 20.8 | 14.6 | 6.2 | -10.9 | 2.79 |
1926 | 2,971,000 | 61,176 | 41,740 | 19,436 | 20.6 | 14.0 | 6.5 | -11.2 | 2.76 |
1927 | 2,957,000 | 60,054 | 43,677 | 16,377 | 20.3 | 14.8 | 5.5 | -9.9 | 2.72 |
1928 | 2,944,000 | 59,176 | 41,792 | 17,384 | 20.1 | 14.2 | 5.9 | -8.3 | 2.69 |
1929 | 2,937,000 | 58,280 | 42,991 | 15,289 | 19.8 | 14.6 | 5.2 | -8.6 | 2.66 |
1930 | 2,927,000 | 58,353 | 41,702 | 16,651 | 19.9 | 14.2 | 5.7 | -3.7 | 2.54 |
1931 | 2,933,000 | 57,086 | 42,947 | 14,139 | 19.5 | 14.6 | 4.8 | 0.7 | 2.49 |
1932 | 2,949,000 | 56,240 | 42,984 | 13,256 | 19.1 | 14.6 | 4.5 | -0.1 | 2.43 |
1933 | 2,962,000 | 57,364 | 40,539 | 16,825 | 19.4 | 13.7 | 5.7 | -2.7 | 2.47 |
1934 | 2,971,000 | 57,897 | 39,083 | 18,814 | 19.5 | 13.2 | 6.3 | -6.3 | 2.49 |
1935 | 2,971,000 | 58,266 | 41,543 | 16,723 | 19.6 | 14.0 | 5.6 | -6.9 | 2.50 |
1936 | 2,967,000 | 58,115 | 42,586 | 15,529 | 19.6 | 14.4 | 5.2 | -11.6 | 2.50 |
1937 | 2,948,000 | 56,488 | 45,086 | 11,402 | 19.2 | 15.3 | 3.9 | -7.6 | 2.45 |
1938 | 2,937,000 | 56,925 | 40,041 | 16,884 | 19.4 | 13.6 | 5.7 | -6.7 | 2.47 |
1939 | 2,934,000 | 56,070 | 41,717 | 14,353 | 19.1 | 14.2 | 4.9 | 3.3 | 2.43 |
1940 | 2,958,000 | 56,594 | 41,885 | 14,709 | 19.1 | 14.2 | 5.0 | 6.8 | 2.43 |
1941 | 2,993,000 | 56,780 | 43,797 | 12,983 | 19.0 | 14.6 | 4.3 | -14.3 | 2.42 |
1942 | 2,963,000 | 66,117 | 41,640 | 24,477 | 22.3 | 14.1 | 8.3 | -14.0 | 2.85 |
1943 | 2,946,000 | 64,375 | 43,494 | 20,881 | 21.9 | 14.8 | 7.1 | -7.8 | 2.80 |
1944 | 2,944,000 | 65,425 | 45,128 | 20,297 | 22.2 | 15.3 | 6.9 | -4.2 | 2.84 |
1945 | 2,952,000 | 66,861 | 42,762 | 24,099 | 22.6 | 14.5 | 8.2 | -6.5 | 2.90 |
1946 | 2,957,000 | 67,922 | 41,457 | 26,465 | 23.0 | 14.0 | 8.9 | -3.2 | 2.94 |
1947 | 2,974,000 | 68,978 | 44,061 | 24,917 | 23.2 | 14.8 | 8.4 | -4.7 | 2.98 |
1948 | 2,985,000 | 65,930 | 36,357 | 29,573 | 22.1 | 12.2 | 9.9 | -11.2 | 2.80 |
1949 | 2,981,000 | 64,153 | 38,062 | 26,091 | 21.5 | 12.8 | 8.8 | -12.8 | 2.75 |
1950 | 2,969,000 | 63,565 | 37,741 | 25,824 | 21.4 | 12.7 | 8.7 | -11.2 | 2.74 |
1951 | 2,961,000 | 62,878 | 42,382 | 20,496 | 21.2 | 14.3 | 6.9 | -9.6 | 2.69 |
1952 | 2,953,000 | 64,631 | 35,105 | 29,526 | 21.9 | 11.9 | 10.0 | -11.4 | 2.97 |
1953 | 2,949,000 | 62,558 | 34,591 | 27,967 | 21.2 | 11.7 | 9.5 | -12.2 | 2.95 |
1954 | 2,941,000 | 62,534 | 35,535 | 26,999 | 21.3 | 12.1 | 9.2 | -16.0 | 3.18 |
1955 | 2,921,000 | 61,622 | 36,761 | 24,861 | 21.1 | 12.6 | 8.5 | -16.4 | 3.28 |
1956 | 2,898,000 | 60,740 | 33,910 | 26,830 | 21.0 | 11.7 | 9.3 | -13.8 | 3.41 |
1957 | 2,885,000 | 61,242 | 34,311 | 26,931 | 21.2 | 11.9 | 9.3 | -20.4 | 3.52 |
1958 | 2,853,000 | 59,510 | 34,248 | 25,262 | 20.9 | 12.0 | 8.9 | -11.4 | 3.43 |
1959 | 2,846,000 | 60,188 | 34,243 | 25,945 | 21.1 | 12.0 | 9.1 | -14.0 | 3.63 |
1960 | 2,832,000 | 60,735 | 32,660 | 28,075 | 21.4 | 11.5 | 9.9 | -14.8 | 3.78 |
1961 | 2,818,000 | 59,825 | 34,763 | 25,062 | 21.2 | 12.3 | 8.9 | -4.6 | 3.78 |
1962 | 2,830,000 | 61,782 | 33,838 | 27,944 | 21.8 | 12.0 | 9.9 | -2.8 | 3.92 |
1963 | 2,850,000 | 63,246 | 33,795 | 29,451 | 22.2 | 11.9 | 10.3 | -5.4 | 4.01 |
1964 | 2,864,000 | 64,072 | 32,630 | 31,442 | 22.4 | 11.4 | 11.0 | -6.8 | 4.07 |
1965 | 2,876,000 | 63,525 | 33,022 | 30,503 | 22.1 | 11.5 | 10.6 | -7.8 | 4.04 |
1966 | 2,884,000 | 62,215 | 35,113 | 27,102 | 21.6 | 12.2 | 9.4 | -3.9 | 3.95 |
1967 | 2,900,000 | 61,307 | 31,400 | 29,907 | 21.1 | 10.8 | 10.3 | -5.8 | 3.84 |
1968 | 2,913,000 | 61,004 | 33,157 | 27,847 | 20.9 | 11.4 | 9.6 | -5.1 | 3.77 |
1969 | 2,926,000 | 62,912 | 33,734 | 29,178 | 21.5 | 11.5 | 10.0 | -1.8 | 3.83 |
1970 | 2,950,000 | 64,382 | 33,686 | 30,696 | 21.8 | 11.4 | 10.4 | -0,9 | 3.85 |
1971 | 2,978,000 | 67,551 | 31,890 | 35,661 | 22.7 | 10.7 | 3.4 | 12.0 | 3.97 |
1972 | 3,024,000 | 68,527 | 34,381 | 34,146 | 22.7 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 4.9 | 3.93 |
1973 | 3,073,000 | 68,713 | 34,192 | 34,521 | 22.4 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 5.4 | 3.78 |
1974 | 3,124,000 | 68,907 | 34,921 | 33,986 | 22.1 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 6.1 | 3.64 |
1975 | 3,177,000 | 67,178 | 33,173 | 34,005 | 21.1 | 10.4 | 10.7 | 5.4 | 3.43 |
1976 | 3,228,000 | 67,718 | 34,043 | 33,675 | 21.0 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 3.2 | 3.35 |
1977 | 3,272,000 | 68,892 | 33,632 | 35,260 | 21.1 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 2.0 | 3.31 |
1978 | 3,314,000 | 70,299 | 33,794 | 36,505 | 21.2 | 10.2 | 11.0 | 5.3 | 3.27 |
1979 | 3,368,000 | 72,539 | 33,771 | 38,768 | 21.5 | 10.0 | 11.5 | -1.7 | 3.26 |
1980 | 3,401,000 | 74,064 | 33,472 | 40,592 | 21.8 | 9.8 | 11.9 | 0.4 | 3.25 |
1981 | 3,443,000 | 72,158 | 32,929 | 39,229 | 21.0 | 9.6 | 11.4 | -0.7 | 3.10 |
1982 | 3,480,000 | 70,843 | 32,457 | 38,386 | 20.4 | 9.3 | 11.0 | -4.1 | 2.98 |
1983 | 3,504,000 | 67,117 | 32,076 | 35,041 | 19.2 | 9.2 | 10.0 | -2.9 | 2.76 |
1984 | 3,529,000 | 64,062 | 32,154 | 31,908 | 18.2 | 9.1 | 9.0 | -5.9 | 2.57 |
1985 | 3,540,000 | 62,388 | 33,213 | 29,175 | 17.6 | 9.4 | 8.2 | -7.9 | 2.48 |
1986 | 3,541,000 | 61,620 | 33,630 | 27,990 | 17.4 | 9.5 | 7.9 | -6.2 | 2.44 |
1987 | 3,547,000 | 58,433 | 31,413 | 27,020 | 16.5 | 8.9 | 7.6 | -12.1 | 2.31 |
1988 | 3,531,000 | 54,600 | 31,580 | 23,020 | 15.5 | 8.9 | 6.5 | -12.4 | 2.17 |
1989 | 3,510,000 | 52,018 | 32,111 | 19,907 | 14.8 | 9.1 | 5.7 | -6.8 | 2.08 |
1990 | 3,506,000 | 52,954 | 31,370 | 21,584 | 15.1 | 8.9 | 6.2 | -0.5 | 2.12 |
1991 | 3,526,000 | 52,718 | 31,305 | 21,413 | 15.0 | 8.9 | 6.1 | 2.1 | 2.09 |
1992 | 3,555,000 | 51,089 | 30,931 | 20,158 | 14.4 | 8.7 | 5.7 | -0.4 | 1.99 |
1993 | 3,574,000 | 49,304 | 32,148 | 17,156 | 13.8 | 9.0 | 4.8 | -1.4 | 1.91 |
1994 | 3,586,000 | 48,255 | 30,948 | 17,307 | 13.5 | 8.6 | 4.8 | -0.6 | 1.85 |
1995 | 3,601,000 | 48,530 | 31,494 | 17,036 | 13.5 | 8.7 | 4.7 | 2.2 | 1.86 |
1996 | 3,626,000 | 50,390 | 31,514 | 18,876 | 13.9 | 8.7 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 1.89 |
1997 | 3,664,000 | 52,311 | 31,605 | 20,706 | 14.3 | 8.6 | 5.7 | 4.9 | 1.93 |
1998 | 3,703,000 | 53,551 | 31,352 | 22,199 | 14.5 | 8.5 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 1.95 |
1999 | 3,742,000 | 53,354 | 31,683 | 21,671 | 14.3 | 8.5 | 5.8 | 7.0 | 1.90 |
2000 | 3,790,000 | 54,789 | 31,391 | 23,398 | 14.5 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 8.8 | 1.89 |
2001 | 3,847,000 | 57,854 | 30,212 | 27,642 | 15.0 | 7.9 | 7.2 | 11.0 | 1.96 |
2002 | 3,917,000 | 60,503 | 29,683 | 30,820 | 15.4 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 1.97 |
2003 | 3,980,000 | 61,529 | 29,074 | 32,455 | 15.5 | 7.3 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 1.99 |
2004 | 4,045,000 | 61,972 | 28,665 | 33,307 | 15.3 | 7.1 | 8.2 | 13.8 | 1.96 |
2005 | 4,134,000 | 61,372 | 28,260 | 33,112 | 14.8 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 15.9 | 1.88 |
2006 | 4,233,000 | 65,425 | 28,488 | 36,937 | 15.4 | 6.7 | 8.7 | 16.3 | 1.93 |
2007 | 4,339,000 | 71,389 | 28,117 | 43,272 | 16.3 | 6.4 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 2.04 |
2008 | 4,422,000 | 75,173 | 28,274 | 46,899 | 16.8 | 6.3 | 10.5 | -2.1 | 2.09 |
2009 | 4,459,000 | 75,554 | 28,380 | 47,174 | 16.7 | 6.3 | 10.4 | -7.9 | 2.10 |
2010 | 4,470,000 | 75,174 | 27,961 | 47,213 | 16.5 | 6.1 | 10.4 | 13.1 | 2.07 |
2011 | 4,575,000 | 74,033 | 28,456 | 45,577 | 16.2 | 6.2 | 10.0 | -5.8 | 2.03 |
2012 | 4,594,000 | 71,674 | 29,186 | 42,488 | 15.6 | 6.4 | 9.2 | -4.6 | 1.98 |
2013 | 4,615,000 | 68,954 | 29,504 | 39,450 | 15.0 | 6.4 | 8.6 | -2.1 | 1.93 |
2014 | 4,645,000 | 67,295 | 29,252 | 38,043 | 14.6 | 6.4 | 8.2 | 1.1 | 1.89 |
2015 | 4,688,000 | 65,536 | 30,127 | 35,409 | 14.0 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 3.5 | 1.86 |
2016 | 4,740,000 | 63,841 | 30,390 | 33,451 | 13.5 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 3.8 | 1.82 |
2017 | 4,792,000 | 61,824 | 30,418 | 31,406 | 12.9 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 1.77 |
2018 | 4,857,000 | 61,016 | 31,116 | 29,900 | 12.6 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 1.75 |
2019 | 4,921,500 | 59,294 | 31,184 | 28,110 | 12.0 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 1.72 |
2020 | 4,977,400 | 55,959 | 31,765 | 24,194 | 11.2 | 6.4 | 4.8 | 2.1 | 1.63 |
2021 | 5,011,500 | 58,443 | 33,055 | 25,388 | 11.7 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 12.6 | 1.71 |
2022c | 5,149,139 | 57,540 | 35,477 | 22,063 | 11.3 | 7.0 | 4.3 | 10.0 | 1.70 |
2023 | 5,281,600 | 55,500 | 35,500 | 20,000 | 10.5 | 6.7 | 3.8 | 14.7 |
c = Census results.
Period | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase |
---|---|---|---|
January – June 2022 | 30,580 | 18,861 | +11,719 |
January – June 2023 | 27,415 | 18,954 | +8,461 |
Difference | -3,165 (-10.35%) | +93 (+0.49%) | -3,258 |
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 2 272 699 | 2 315 553 | 4 588 252 | 100 |
0–4 | 182 076 | 174 253 | 356 329 | 7.77 |
5–9 | 164 037 | 156 733 | 320 770 | 6.99 |
10–14 | 155 076 | 147 415 | 302 491 | 6.59 |
15–19 | 144 262 | 138 757 | 283 019 | 6.17 |
20–24 | 146 636 | 150 595 | 297 231 | 6.48 |
25–29 | 173 714 | 187 408 | 361 122 | 7.87 |
30–34 | 194 774 | 199 171 | 393 945 | 8.59 |
35–39 | 182 237 | 182 024 | 364 261 | 7.94 |
40–44 | 166 330 | 164 482 | 330 812 | 7.21 |
45–49 | 151 516 | 153 669 | 305 185 | 6.65 |
50–54 | 136 737 | 137 649 | 274 386 | 5.98 |
55–59 | 122 121 | 122 401 | 244 522 | 5.33 |
60–64 | 109 869 | 108 917 | 218 786 | 4.77 |
65-69 | 86 298 | 87 340 | 173 638 | 3.78 |
70-74 | 63 476 | 67 714 | 131 190 | 2.86 |
75-79 | 46 631 | 55 405 | 102 036 | 2.22 |
80-84 | 28 423 | 41 690 | 70 113 | 1.53 |
85-89 | 13 591 | 26 296 | 39 887 | 0.87 |
90-94 | 4 155 | 10 722 | 14 877 | 0.32 |
95-99 | 682 | 2 581 | 3 263 | 0.07 |
100+ | 58 | 331 | 389 | 0.01 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 501 189 | 478 401 | 979 590 | 21.35 |
15–64 | 1 528 196 | 1 545 073 | 3 073 269 | 66.98 |
65+ | 243 314 | 292 079 | 535 393 | 11.67 |
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 2 477 803 | 2 528 521 | 5 006 324 | 100 |
0–4 | 155 762 | 149 311 | 305 073 | 6.09 |
5–9 | 173 176 | 164 974 | 338 150 | 6.75 |
10–14 | 182 865 | 174 327 | 357 192 | 7.13 |
15–19 | 164 643 | 158 528 | 323 171 | 6.46 |
20–24 | 156 739 | 151 495 | 308 234 | 6.16 |
25–29 | 146 911 | 145 135 | 292 046 | 5.83 |
30–34 | 155 831 | 163 136 | 318 967 | 6.37 |
35–39 | 181 494 | 197 232 | 378 726 | 7.56 |
40–44 | 195 943 | 204 498 | 400 441 | 8.00 |
45–49 | 179 647 | 183 297 | 362 944 | 7.25 |
50–54 | 160 508 | 161 545 | 322 053 | 6.43 |
55–59 | 145 919 | 150 061 | 295 980 | 5.91 |
60–64 | 130 499 | 133 847 | 264 346 | 5.28 |
65-69 | 112 741 | 115 631 | 228 372 | 4.56 |
70-74 | 94 777 | 98 767 | 193 544 | 3.87 |
75-79 | 67 518 | 73 623 | 141 141 | 2.82 |
80-84 | 40 946 | 50 350 | 91 296 | 1.82 |
85-89 | 20 870 | 29 977 | 50 847 | 1.02 |
90-94 | 8 151 | 15 395 | 23 546 | 0.47 |
95-99 | 2 280 | 5 796 | 8 076 | 0.16 |
100+ | 583 | 1 596 | 2 179 | 0.04 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 511 803 | 488 612 | 1 000 415 | 19.98 |
15–64 | 1 618 134 | 1 648 774 | 3 266 908 | 65.26 |
65+ | 347 866 | 391 135 | 739 001 | 14.76 |
Ethnic Group | Year | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2006 [16] | 2011 [17] | 2016 [17] [18] | 2022 [19] | |||||
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
White: Total | 3,956,609 | 94.84% | 4,264,465 | 94.24% | 4,331,940 | 92.37% | 4,444,145 | 87.4% |
White Irish | 3,645,199 | 87.37% | 3,821,995 | 84.46% | 3,854,226 | 82.2% | 3,893,056 | 76.5% |
Irish Traveller | 22,369 | 0.54% | 29,495 | 0.65% | 30,987 | 0.7% | 32,949 | 0.65% |
White Roma | - | - | - | - | - | - | 16,059 | 0.31% |
Other White | 289,041 | 6.93% | 412,975 | 9.13% | 446,727 | 9.5% | 502,081 | 9.87% |
Asian: Total | 52,345 | 1.25% | 84,690 | 1.87% | 98,720 | 2.10% | 186,321 | 3.7% |
Chinese | 16,533 | 0.40% | 17,832 | 0.39% | 19,447 | 0.4% | 26,828 | 0.5% |
Indian/Pakistani/Bangladeshi | - | - | - | - | - | - | 94,434 | 1.86% |
Arab | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20,115 | 0.4% |
Other Asian | 35,812 | 0.86% | 66,858 | 1.48% | 79,273 | 1.7% | 44,944 | 0.88% |
Black: Total | 44,318 | 1.06% | 65,078 | 1.44% | 64,639 | 1.38% | 76,245 | 1.5% |
Black Irish and Black African | 40,525 | 0.97% | 58,697 | 1.30% | 57,850 | 1.24% | 67,547 | 1.32% |
Other Black | 3,793 | 0.09% | 6,381 | 0.14% | 6,789 | 0.14% | 8,699 | 0.17% |
Other including Mixed | - | - | - | - | - | - | 64,992 | 1.28% |
Not Stated | 118,741 | 2.85% | 111,048 | 2.45% | 194,622 | 3.98% | 313,176 | 6.16% |
Total: | 4,172,013 | 100% | 4,525,281 | 100% | 4,689,921 | 100% | 5,084,879 | 100% |
This section needs to be updated.(March 2019) |
Ireland's immigration history (and of one of a multi-ethnic society) is most of that of a country of emigration, remaining exclusively homogeneous for the vast majority of 20th century history, rather than one of net migration and increased ethnic and racial diversity.
However, from the 1990s, with the rise of the 'Celtic Tiger', the nation shifted to one of a net receiver of immigration at a rapid pace, [20] [21] changing from one of the most 'homogeneous countries in the EU, to a country with a rate of change almost unparalleled in speed and scale'. [2] The Celtic Tiger economic boom saw a large expansion of the labour market, which contributed to the large increase of immigration towards the country, with the additional enlargement of the European Union in 2004 and the further 2007 enlargement contributing to increased levels of immigration.
Additionally, asylum seekers rose dramatically as well: from 364 in 1994 to 11,634 in 2002, before falling off towards the end of the decade. [20] The Irish Government amended legislation in 2023 with the intention of streamlining the naturalisation process. [22] [23]
Ireland contains several immigrant communities, especially in Dublin and other cities across the country. The largest immigrant groups, with over 10,000 people, being Poles, British, Indians, Romanians, Lithuanians, Brazilians, Italians, Latvians, Spaniards, French, Croats, Americans, Chinese, Germans and Ukrainians.
Nationality Group | 2002 [24] | 2006 [24] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | |
Europe | 3,714,516 | 97% | 4,006,883 | 96% |
Ireland | 3,584,975 | 92.9% | 3,706,683 | 88.8% |
United Kingdom | 103,476 | 2.7% | 112,548 | 2.7% |
Other EU-15 | 29,960 | 0.8% | 42,693 | 1% |
New EU-10 | – | – | 120,534 | 2.9% |
Other European | 23,105 | 0.6% | 24,425 | 0.6% |
United States | 11,384 | 0.3% | 12,475 | 0.3% |
Africa | 20,981 | 0.5% | 35,326 | 0.8% |
Asia | 21,779 | 0.6% | 46,952 | 1.1% |
Other nationalities | 11,236 | 0.3% | 22,422 | 0.5% |
Multi-no nationality | 3,187 | 0.1% | 3,676 | 0.1% |
Not stated | 48,412 | 1.3% | 44,279 | 1.1% |
Total | 3,858,495 | 100% | 4,172,013 | 100% |
Nationality | Population (2022) [25] |
---|---|
Poland | 93,680 |
United Kingdom | 83,347 |
India | 45,449 |
Romania | 43,323 |
Lithuania | 31,177 |
Brazil | 27,338 |
Italy | 18,319 |
Latvia | 18,300 |
Spain | 17,953 |
France | 13,893 |
Croatia | 13,649 |
United States | 13,412 |
China | 13,050 |
Germany | 12,390 |
Ukraine | 11,791 |
Pakistan | 9,309 |
Slovakia | 8,600 |
Hungary | 8,503 |
Nigeria | 8,368 |
Hungary | 9,336 |
Portugal | 8,310 |
South Africa | 8,250 |
Philippines | 7,736 |
Netherlands | 4,670 |
Czech Republic | 4,530 |
Bulgaria | 3,994 |
Canada | 3,528 |
Australia | 3,481 |
Malaysia | 3,407 |
Syria | 3,267 |
Moldova | 3,119 |
Of the 57,540 births in 2022, there were 43,651 babies (76%) born to mothers of Irish nationality compared to 45,381 (78%) in 2021. There were 8.3% of births to mothers of EU15 to EU27 nationality, 1.9% of mothers were of UK nationality, and 2.3% were of EU14 nationality (excluding Ireland). Mothers of nationalities other than Ireland, UK and the EU accounted for 12% of total births registered. There were 0.01% of mothers where the nationality was not stated. [26]
In 2022, 20% of the usually resident population in Ireland were born elsewhere, an increase of 3% since 2016. This represented 1,017,437 people, an increase of 207,031 from six years previously.
Country | 1986 | 1991 | 1996 | 2002 | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England and Wales | 128,668 | 126,487 | 139,330 | 182,624 | 200,488 | 212,296 | 203,188 | 210,434 |
Poland | − | − | − | 2,167 | 62,495 | 115,193 | 115,161 | 106,142 |
Northern Ireland | 36,538 | 35,986 | 39,567 | 49,928 | 49,171 | 58,470 | 57,389 | 61,750 |
India | − | − | − | 3,402 | 9,192 | 17,856 | 20,969 | 56,624 |
Romania | − | − | − | 5,838 | 8,492 | 17,995 | 28,702 | 42,460 |
Brazil | − | − | − | 1,232 | 4,666 | 9,298 | 15,796 | 39,556 |
Lithuania | − | − | − | 2,120 | 24,611 | 34,847 | 33,344 | 34,242 |
United States | 15,350 | 14,533 | 15,619 | 21,541 | 24,643 | 27,762 | 28,650 | 34,236 |
Nigeria | − | − | − | 9,225 | 16,327 | 19,780 | 16,569 | 20,559 |
Latvia | − | − | − | 2,281 | 13,854 | 19,989 | 18,991 | 20,330 |
Philippines | − | − | − | 4,086 | 9,427 | 13,833 | 14,725 | 19,846 |
Spain | 1,113 | 1,801 | 2,104 | 4,632 | 6,122 | 7,003 | 11,809 | 18,356 |
Scotland | 12,586 | 11,378 | 11,751 | 15,963 | 16,488 | 17,871 | 16,644 | 16,869 |
Moldova | − | − | − | 1,032 | 2,233 | 3,421 | 6,472 | 16,155 |
China | − | − | − | 5,669 | 11,022 | 11,458 | 11,262 | 16,425 |
South Africa | − | − | − | 6,260 | 7,576 | 8,116 | 8,085 | 15,886 |
Italy | 1,314 | 1,507 | 1,844 | 3,705 | 5,705 | 7,146 | 10,913 | 15,689 |
Ukraine | − | − | − | 1,485 | 3,367 | 4,123 | 4,624 | 15,678 |
Pakistan | − | − | − | 3,391 | 5,757 | 8,329 | 12,891 | 15,185 |
France | 2,460 | 4,512 | 3,593 | 6,794 | 9,145 | 10,081 | 11,924 | 14,821 |
Germany | 3,853 | 5,792 | 6,343 | 8,770 | 11,544 | 12,980 | 12,964 | 14,789 |
Croatia | − | − | − | − | − | 980 | 5,202 | 12,743 |
Slovakia | − | − | − | − | 8,129 | 9,537 | 9,443 | 10,695 |
Australia | − | − | − | 6,107 | 6,478 | 5,964 | 6,748 | 9,947 |
Hungary | − | − | − | 3,285 | 8,129 | 7,413 | 8,648 | 8,634 |
Russia | − | − | − | 2,556 | 4,511 | 5,936 | 6,414 | 7,900 |
Canada | − | − | − | 4,081 | 4,492 | 4,809 | 5,314 | 7,122 |
Portugal | 124 | 147 | 192 | 590 | 1,496 | 2,246 | 3,866 | 5,987 |
Netherlands | 1,888 | 1,985 | 2,490 | 3,512 | 4,211 | 4,499 | 4,729 | 5,376 |
Zimbabwe | − | − | − | 1,462 | 2,230 | 2,790 | 2,811 | 5,246 |
Czech Republic | − | − | − | − | 5,230 | 5,494 | 4,936 | 5,092 |
Malaysia | − | − | − | 2,195 | 3,340 | 3,782 | 4,016 | 4,864 |
Bulgaria | − | − | − | − | − | 1,783 | 2,911 | 4,585 |
Bangladesh | − | − | − | − | 1,924 | 2,920 | 3,410 | 4,388 |
Turkey | − | − | − | − | − | 1,301 | 1,607 | 4,086 |
Syria | − | − | − | − | − | 308 | 920 | 3,922 |
Egypt | − | − | − | − | − | 1,437 | 1,866 | 3,452 |
Mexico | − | − | − | − | − | 889 | 1,476 | 3,364 |
Migrants are supported/represented by the Immigrant Council of Ireland, Irish Refugee Council, Movement of Asylum Seekers in Ireland, Nasc and the state's Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service. [28] [29] [30] They are managed by the International Protection Accommodation Service under the Department of Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth (DCEDIY) as well being policed by the Garda National Immigration Bureau. [31] Some minor parties have voiced opposition to immigration in the country and its capability to continue to let refugees in; that "Ireland is full". They include the National Party and the Irish Freedom Party. [32] [33] The DCEDIY projected a shortfall of 15,000 beds for refugees in December 2022 and admitted that there was mounting pressure to house 65,000 people. [34] [35]
Approximately 7,400 refugee adults and children [36] were projected to be living in 38 "direct provision" centres across 17 counties in Ireland by the end of April 2020. [37] The government of Ireland have said that they project to end direct provision by 2024 [38] and are looking towards alternative forms of accommodation.
Ireland is a predominantly Christian country. The majority are Catholic; however, the number of people who declare themselves Catholic has been declining in recent years. Irreligion has increased since 2016 with 14% declaring 'No Religion' in 2022, meaning this is the second largest religious affiliation in Ireland. Immigration has also brought other faiths, with Islam at 1.7%, or over 83,000 people. As well as Hinduism, with 33,043 Hindus in the state, an increase of over 250% from 2016.
English is the most commonly used language, with 84% [40] of the population calling it their mother tongue. Irish is the first official language of the state, with 11% [40] calling it their mother tongue. Irish is the main language of the Gaeltacht regions, where 102,973 people lived as of 2022. The main sign language used is Irish Sign Language.
Literacy rate;definition: age 15 and over who can read and write
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education); total: 19 years
For November 2022 the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate was:
Unchanged at 4.3% for males from October 2022, and down from 5.3% in November 2021.
Unchanged at 4.6% for females from October 2022, and down from 5.2% in November 2021.
Unchanged at 12.1% for persons aged 15–24 years (youth unemployment rate) from a revised rate of 12.1% in October 2022.
Down to 3.3% for persons aged 25–74 years from 3.4% in October 2022. [41]
The median household disposable income in 2020 was €46,471, an increase of €2,556 (+5.8%) from the previous year. Disposable household income is gross household income less total tax, social insurance contributions, pension contributions and inter-household transfers paid. [42]
Life in Ireland |
---|
Culture |
Economy |
General |
Society |
Politics |
Policies |
Groups:
Statistics Canada conducts a country-wide census that collects demographic data every five years on the first and sixth year of each decade. The 2021 Canadian census enumerated a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 percent over the 2016 figure, Between 1990 and 2008, the population increased by 5.6 million, equivalent to 20.4 percent overall growth. The main driver of population growth is immigration. Between 2011 and May 2016, Canada's population grew by 1.7 million people, with immigrants accounting for two-thirds of the increase.
Demographic features of the population of Cambodia include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Demographic features of the population of the Democratic Republic of the Congo include ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
Demographic features of the population of Denmark include ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects.
The demographics of Estonia in the 21st century result from historical trends over more than a thousand years, as with most European countries, but have been disproportionately influenced by events in the second half of the 20th century. The Soviet occupation (1944–1991), extensive immigration from Russia and other parts of the former USSR, and the eventual restoration of independence of Estonia, have all had a major effect on Estonia's current ethnic makeup.
The Demographics of Greece refer to the demography of the population that inhabits the Greek peninsula. The population of Greece was estimated by the United Nations to be 10,445,365 in 2021.
The current population of Nepal is 29,164,578 as per the 2021 census. The population growth rate is 0.92% per year.
The demography of Sweden is monitored by the Statistiska centralbyrån. Sweden's population was 10,555,448, making it the 15th-most populous country in Europe after Czech Republic, the 10th-most populous member state of the European Union, and the 87th-most populous country in the world. The total fertility rate was rated at 1.66 in 2020, which is far below the replacement rate of 2.1.
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According to the United Nations, Ukraine has a population of 36,744,636 as of 2023. In July 2023, Reuters reported that due to the refugee outpouring into Western Europe, the population of Kyiv-controlled areas may have decreased to as low as 28 million. This is a steep decline from 2020, when it had a population of almost 42 million people. This is in large part due to the ongoing Ukrainian refugee crisis and loss of territory caused by Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The most recent census of a post-Soviet Ukraine occurred over 20 years ago, in 2001. Thus, much of the information presented here could be inaccurate and/or outdated.
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Demographic features of the population of the Netherlands include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the population, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions. The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.
Demographic features of the population of Belgium include ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects. All figures are from the National Institute for Statistics unless otherwise indicated.
The demography of France is monitored by the Institut national d'études démographiques (INED) and the Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE). As of 1 January 2021, 65,250,000 people lived in Metropolitan France, while 2,785,000 lived in overseas France, for a total of 68,035,000 inhabitants in the French Republic.
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Demographic features of the population of Austria include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
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The demographics of the European Union show a highly populated, culturally diverse union of 27 member states. As of 1 January 2023, the population of the EU is slightly over 448 million people.
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