List of countries by population in 1800

Last updated

Historical Demographics
Altar Domitius Ahenobarbus Louvre n1.jpg
Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus
Articles
Demographic history
Historical demography
World population estimates
List of Countries by Population
1700 1800 1900

This is a list of countries by population in 1800. Estimate numbers are from the beginning of the year, and exact population figures are for countries that were having a census in the year 1800 (which were on various dates in that year). The bulk of these numbers are sourced from Alexander V. Avakov's Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1, pages 21 to 24, which cover population figures from the year 1800 divided into modern borders. Avakov, in turn, cites a variety of sources, mostly Angus Maddison. Italian sub figures are derived from elsewhere. [1] Other figures come from Jan Lahmeyer's website, [2] which in turn is based on a variety of sources. [3]

Contents

1801 Cary Map of the World on Mercator Projection - Geographicus - WorldMerc-cary-1801.jpg

List

RankCountry/TerritoryPopulation c.1800Percentage of

World Population

  World 1,035,908,890
1 Plain Yellow Banner.svg Qing China [2]
subdivisions
300,150,000
2 Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg Maratha Empire. [6] [note 1] ~116,000,00014.5%
3 Union flag 1606 (Kings Colors).svg Britain and possessions [7] [2] [8] [note 2]
subdivisions
~49,907,000~
4 Holy Roman Empire [14]
subdivisions
~41,050,000~
5 Flag of France official.svg France and possessions [16] [2]
subdivisions
~~39,600,000~
6Romanov Flag.svg  Russian Empire [2]
subdivisions
35,005,000
7
Flag of the Tokugawa Shogunate.svg
Tokugawa Japan [2]
29,000,000
8 Flag of Spain (1785-1873 and 1875-1931).svg Spain and possessions [2] [17]
subdivisions
26,500,000
9Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844-1922).svg  Ottoman Empire [2] [18]
subdivisions
26,000,000
10 Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg Habsburg monarchy [2]
subdivisions
23,145,000
11 Flag of the King of Joseon (Fringeless).svg Joseon [23] 16,500,000
12 Sikh Empire flag.jpg Sikh Empire [24] 12,000,000
13 Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1750-1801).svg Kingdom of Prussia
subdivisions
10,700,000 [ citation needed ]
14 Flag of Nawab.svg Carnatic Sultanate [25] 10,000,0001%
15 Flag of Herat until 1842.svg Durrani Afghan Empire [7] 9,780,0000.9%
16Flag of Portugal (1578).svg  Portuguese Empire [2]
subdivisions
~9,400,000~
17
Trieu duong chi an.svg
Tây Sơn dynasty (Đại Việt) [26]
7,291,000
18
Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1816).svg
Kingdom of Naples [16]
subdivisions
7,000,000
19Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Batavian Republic
subdivisions
~6,050,000~
20Fath Ali Shah Flag 1.svg Qajar Iran [27] 6,010,000
21
US flag 15 stars.svg
United States of America [28]
5,509,879
22 Flag of Morocco (1666-1915).svg Morocco [7] 5,000,000
23
Flag of Konbaung Dynasty (Nonrectangular).svg
Konbaung dynasty (Burma) [29]
4,200,000
24
Flag of Thailand (1782).svg
Rattanakosin Kingdom (Siam) [30] [31]
4,050,000 [note 5]
25 Flag of Talpur dynasty.gif Talpur dynasty [32] 4,000,000
26
Naval Ensign of Sweden.svg
Sweden [33]
3,347,000
27

Alleged Flag of the Kazakh Khanate2.svg Kazakh Khanate [34]

2,985,0000.3%
28
Ethiopian Pennants.svg
Ethiopian Empire [35]
2,950,000
29 Savoyard flag.svg Kingdom of Sardinia 2,900,000 [1]
30
Flag of the Papal States (pre 1808).svg
Papal States [36]
2,300,000
31
Flag of Denmark.svg
Denmark–Norway [33] [2]
subdivisions
~2,200,000~
32 Oyo Empire [37] [38] [note 6] ~2,175,016
33 Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg Emirate of Diriyah [7]
subdivisions
2,132,000
34 Flag of Cambodia (pre-1863).svg Cambodia [7] 2,090,000
35 Southern Vietnam under Nguyễn Ánh [39] 1,770,000
36
Flag of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.svg
Grand Duchy of Tuscany [16]
1,224,000
37 Flag of the Emirate of Bukhara.svg Emirate of Bukhara [40] 1,200,000
38Flag of Parma.svg  Parma [16] 415,000
39 Royal Standard of Oman.svg Sultanate of Oman [7]
subdivisions
363,000
40Flag of the Aro Confederacy.svg Aro Confederacy [37] [41] [note 7] ~349,081
41 Flag of Ankole.svg Ankole [42] [note 8] 205,800
42 Flag of Ryukyu.svg Ryukyu Kingdom [43] (Japanese vassal)155,650
43 Red Ensign of Great Britain (1707-1800).svg Hawaiian Kingdom [note 9] 145,000 (est.) [44] [note 10]
44 Flag of Lucca.svg Republic of Lucca [16] 120,000
45 St. Blaise - National Flag of the Ragusan Republic.png Republic of Ragusa [2] 30,000
46 Dendi Kingdom [42] [note 11] ~17,243
47
Flag of the Kingdom of Tahiti.svg
Kingdom of Tahiti [note 12]
16,000 [46] [note 13]
48
Red flag.svg
Qatar [7]
14,000
49Flag of Liechtenstein (1719-1852).svg  Liechtenstein 5,800 [47]
50 San Marino 5,490 [47]
51Flag of Andorra (1806-1866).svg  Andorra 2,650 [47]

Note

The aggregate populations will exceed the total population because some states existed in multiple entities. For example, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy had holdings that were also part of the Holy Roman Empire (though not all of the Prussian and Habsburg territories shared this aspect). In another case, the province of Wallachia was a vassal of the Ottoman sultan, but also a tributary of the Russian Empire.

See also

Notes

  1. In 1800 the Maratha Confederacy controlled roughly 2,500,000 km2 of land, or 56% of the Indian subcontinent, which had a population of 207 million at the time according to Mahalanobis and Bhattacharya.
  2. Several territories were under the rule of the British East India Company rather than being directly controlled by the British government. London would not directly manage the Indian princely states until 1858
  3. This estimation of population excludes Aboriginal Australians who were not included in estimations of populations until 1967.
  4. Left-bank Ukraine and Right-bank Ukraine included.
  5. 1800 (Lieberman)/Early 19th century (Baker-Phongpaichit).
  6. In 2021, the Yoruba population was estimated to make up 17.9% of the Nigerian population. In 1800, the population of Nigeria was 12.1 million, and 17.9% of that rounds to 2,175,016.
  7. In 2006, the Aro population was estimated to make up 2.9% of the Nigerian population. In 1800, the population of Nigeria was 12.1 million, and 2.9% of that rounds to 349,081.
  8. Today, the Ankole population is estimated to make up 9.8% of the Ugandan population. In 1800, the population of Uganda was 2.1 million, and 9.8% of that is 205,800.
  9. Hawaii adopted the British Red Ensign as an independent nation from 1793 to 1800.
  10. 1819 estimate
  11. Today, the Dendi population is estimated to make up 0.02% of the African population. In 1800, the population of Africa was 85,589,000, and 9.8% of that rounds to 17,243.
  12. Tahiti did not have a national flag until 1822. [45]
  13. 1797 estimate

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of India</span>

India is the most populous country in the world with one-sixth of the world's population. According to UN estimates, India overtook China in having the largest population in the world with a population of 1,425,775,850 at the end of April 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Nigeria</span>

Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the sixth in the world. It is also one of the most densely populated countries in Africa, with approximately 218.5 million people in an area of 923,768 km2 (356,669 sq mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographics of Vietnam</span>

Demographic features of the population of Vietnam include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Megacity</span> Metropolitan area with a total population in excess of ten million people

A megacity is a very large city, typically with a population of more than 10 million people. The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs in its 2018 "World Urbanization Prospects" report defines megacities as urban agglomerations with over 10 million inhabitants. A University of Bonn report holds that they are "usually defined as metropolitan areas with a total population of 10 million or more people". Elsewhere in other sources, from five to eight million is considered the minimum threshold, alongside a population density of at least 2,000 per square kilometre. The terms conurbation, metropolis, and metroplex are also applied to the latter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demography of England</span> Social makeup of England

The demography of England has since 1801 been measured by the decennial national census, and is marked by centuries of population growth and urbanization. Due to the lack of authoritative contemporary sources, estimates of the population of England for dates prior to the first census in 1801 vary considerably. The population of England at the 2021 census was about 56,489,800.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">European Russia</span> Western and most populated part of Russia

European Russia is the western and most populated part of Russia. It is geographically situated in Europe, as opposed to the country's sparsely populated and vastly larger eastern part, which is situated in Asia, encompassing the entire northern region of the continent. The Ural Mountains divide Russia into two parts, bisecting the Eurasian supercontinent. European Russia covers the vast majority of Eastern Europe, and spans roughly 40% of Europe's total landmass, with over 15% of its total population, making Russia the largest and most populous country in Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nigerians</span> People from the country of Nigeria

Nigerians or the Nigerian people are citizens of Nigeria or people with ancestry from Nigeria. The name Nigeria was derived from the Niger River running through the country. This name was allegedly coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Baron Frederick Lugard, a British colonial administrator. Nigeria is composed of various ethnic groups and cultures and the term Nigerian refers to a citizenship-based civic nationality. Nigerians derive from over 250 ethno-linguistic groups. Though there are multiple ethnic groups in Nigeria, economic factors result in significant mobility of Nigerians of multiple ethnic and religious backgrounds to reside in territories in Nigeria that are outside their ethnic or religious background, resulting in the mixing of the various ethnic and religious groups, especially in Nigeria's cities. The English language is the lingua franca of Nigerians. Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Muslims, who live mostly in the north, and Christians, who live mostly in the south; indigenous religions, such as those native to the Igbo and Yoruba ethnicities, are in the minority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">World population</span> Total number of living humans on Earth

In world demographics, the world population is the total number of humans currently living. It was estimated by the United Nations to have exceeded eight billion in mid-November 2022. It took around 300,000 years of human prehistory and history for the human population to reach one billion and only 222 years more to reach 8 billion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Igbo people in the Atlantic slave trade</span> History of the Igbo people in the Atlantic Slave Trade

The Igbo of Igboland became one of the principal ethnic groups to be enslaved during the Atlantic slave trade. An estimated 14.6% of all enslaved people were taken from the Bight of Biafra, a bay of the Atlantic Ocean that extends from the Nun outlet of the Niger River (Nigeria) to Limbe (Cameroon) to Cape Lopez (Gabon) between 1650 and 1900. The Bight’s major slave trading ports were located in Bonny and Calabar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographic history of Japan before the Meiji Restoration</span>

Demographic features of the population of Japan before the Meiji Restoration include aspects of nationality, religion, and ethnicity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Japanese colonial empire</span> Japanese territorial conquests (1895–1945)

The territorial conquests of the Empire of Japan in the Western Pacific Ocean and East Asia began in 1895 with its victory over Qing China in the First Sino-Japanese War. Subsequent victories over the Russian Empire and German Empire expanded Japanese rule to Taiwan, Korea, Micronesia, southern Sakhalin, several concessions in China, and the South Manchuria Railway. In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria, resulting in the establishment of the puppet state of Manchukuo the following year; thereafter, Japan adopted a policy of founding and supporting puppet states in conquered regions. These conquered territories became the basis for the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere in 1940.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Demographic history of Scotland</span>

The demographic history of Scotland includes all aspects of population history in what is now Scotland. The earliest surviving archaeological evidence of human settlement is of Mesolithic hunter-gatherer encampments. These suggest a highly mobile boat-using people, probably with a very low density of population. Neolithic farming brought permanent settlements dating from 3500 BC, and greater concentrations of population. Evidence of hillforts and other buildings suggest a growing settled population. Changes in the scale of woodland indicates that the Roman invasions from the first century AD had a negative impact on the native population.

Elizabeth Mary Isichei is a New Zealand author, historian and academic.

References

  1. 1 2 Journal of the Private Life and Conversations of the Emperor, Vol. 3. Emmanuel-Auguste-Dieudonne comte de Las Cases. 1816.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Lahmeyer, Jan (2006). "Population Statistics: Growth of the population per country in a historical perspective, including their administrative divisions and principal towns". populstat.info. Archived from the original on 2017-02-01. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  3. "SOURCES". www.populstat.info. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  4. 1 2 Avakov 2015.
  5. Millward, James (2007). Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang. Columbia University Press. ISBN   978-0-231-13924-3.
  6. Sahu, Binod K. (2004). Aids And Population Education. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. ISBN   9788120726581.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Avakov, Alexander V. (April 2015). Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1. Algora. ISBN   9781628941012 . Retrieved 6 May 2016.
  8. 1 2 Robert Montgomery Martin (1843). History of the Colonies of the British Empire. W. H. Allen. p.  404. population.
  9. A. K. Cairncross, The Scottish Economy: A Statistical Account of Scottish Life by Members of the Staff of Glasgow University (Glasgow: Glasgow University Press, 1953), p. 10.
  10. MArshall, John (1838). "Statistics of the British Empire".
  11. Globalising Migration History: The Eurasian Experience (16th–21st Centuries). BRILL. 27 March 2014. p. 101. ISBN   9789004271364 . Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  12. "AUSTRALIA historical demographical data of the whole country". Populstat. Retrieved 2018-12-22.
  13. "Historical population methodology". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 18 April 2019. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
  14. The combined population of Germany (25m), Austria (3.37m), Czechia (5.516m), Belgium (3.434m), Slovenia (0.469m), and a third of Italy (6.7m). Avakov, p. 21-23. Many of these places were under the occupation of France, but the Empire was not formally dissolved until 1806.
  15. Territory also includes the rest of "Austrian Lombardy."
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 "Tacitus, Historical Populations of European States" . Retrieved 6 May 2016.
  17. "Historical world population data". www.johnstonsarchive.net. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
  18. Inalcik, Halil; Qautaert, Donald, eds. (1994). An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, Volume 2. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   9780521574556.
  19. McCarthy, Justin (October 1976). "Nineteenth-Century Egyptian Population". Middle Eastern Studies. Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 12 (3): 1–39. doi:10.1080/00263207608700321. JSTOR   4282605. By the time of the French expedition [1798], Egypt had fewer than four million inhabitants.
  20. "Population of Egypt from 1800 until 2020". Statista. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  21. Isichei, Elizabeth Isichei (1997). A history of African societies to 1870 . Cambridge University Press. p. 263. ISBN   0-521-45444-1. Retrieved 24 October 2010.
  22. 1 2 Murgescu, Bogdan (14 June 2016). Romania si Europa. Polirom. pp. 75–76. ISBN   9789734620418.
  23. 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.
  24. Singh, Amarinder, "The Last Sunset: The Rise & Fall of the Lahore Durbar", Roli Books (2012).
  25. "The Expansion of the British Empire" (PDF). Cambridge at the University Press. 1902.
  26. Vietnam GDP 1800–1970 gpih.ucdavis.edu
  27. Malcolm, John. "The History of Persia: From the Most Early Period to the Present Time" (1815), via Encyclopædia Iranica at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/economy-viii-in-the-qajar-period
  28. "Decennial Census – History – U.S. Census Bureau". Census.gov. Retrieved 2017-04-25.
  29. Ritchell, Judith L., "Disease and Demography in Colonial Burma" (2006), pp.11–16, via: https://books.google.com/books?id=bPfIycHCKwMC&dq=population+siam+1800&pg=PA17
  30. Lieberman, Victor (2003). Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c.800–1830 (Studies in Comparative World History) (Kindle ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 295. ISBN   978-0521800860.
  31. Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (7 April 2022). A History of Thailand. Cambridge University Press. p. 26. ISBN   978-1-009-01483-0.
  32. Pathan, Mumtaz Husain (2017). Talpurs in Sindh, 1783-1843. Endowment Fund Trust. ISBN   978-969-9860-11-9.
  33. 1 2 "Population of Scandinavia" . Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  34. Сарсембаев, М. А. "Институт законодательства Республики Казахстан" (PDF).
  35. "Population of Ethiopia 1800-2020".
  36. "Papal States" . Retrieved 22 April 2016.
  37. 1 2 "Population". Our World in Data. Retrieved 2022-05-01.
  38. "Yoruba". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2022-05-01.
  39. Khâm định Việt sử thông giám cương mục, Library of National Bureau, 1874
  40. "Yahoo | Mail, Weather, Search, Politics, News, Finance, Sports & Videos". Archived from the original on 1999-01-28.
  41. "Legal Notice on Publication of the Details of the Breakdown of the National and State Provisional Totals 2006 Census" (PDF). Federal Republic of Nigeria Official Gazette. 15 May 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2022-05-01.
  42. 1 2 "Statista - The Statistics Portal". Statista. Retrieved 2022-05-01.
  43. (a) Yoshio Oguchi, "Demographics of Satsuma Domian", Reimeikan Chōsa Kenkyū Hōkoku (no. 11), pp. 87–134 (1998). (b) Yoshio Oguchi, "Demographics of Satsuma Domian and early modern Ryūkyū", Reimeikan Chōsa Kenkyū Hōkoku (no. 13), pp. 1–42 (2000) (all in Japanese).
  44. Schmitt, Robert C. (1968). Demographic Statistics of Hawaii, 1778-1965. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN   978-0-87022-740-0.
  45. "Tahiti (Windward Islands, French Polynesia)". www.crwflags.com.
  46. Robert C. Schmitt (1962). "Urbanization in French Polynesia". Land Economics. 38 (1): 71–75. doi:10.2307/3144728. JSTOR   3144728.
  47. 1 2 3 "Data on Timor Leste | Reconstructing Global Inequality". clio-infra.eu. Retrieved 2022-07-12.