List of countries by population in 1500

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Historical Demographics
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Demographic history
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List of Countries by Population
1000 1500 1600
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This is a list of countries by population in 1500. Estimate numbers are from the beginning of the year, and exact population figures are for countries that held a census on various dates in that year. The bulk of these numbers are sourced from Alexander V. Avakov's Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1, pages 12 to 14, which cover population figures from the year 1500 divided into modern borders. Avakov, in turn, cites a variety of sources, mostly Angus Maddison. [1]

Contents

List

RankCountry/TerritoryPopulation c.1500 estimatePercentage of

World Population

  World [2] 438,000,000
1 Seal of Ming dynasty.svg Ming China [3] [4] 60,000,000–103,000,000
2 Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png Delhi Sultanate

Lodi dynasty

~55,000,000~
3 Holy Roman Empire [5] 23,000,000+
4 Vijayanagara Empire [12]
Subdivisions
18,000,000 [13]
5 Pavillon royal de France.svg France and possessions
Subdivisions
16,250,000
6 Fictitious Ottoman flag 2.svg Ottoman Empire [15] [16]
Subdivisions
Vassal states
12,640,000
7 Inca Empire [18] [19] 12,000,000
8 Bengal Sultanate Flag.gif Bengal Sultanate [20] 10,526,000
9 Ashikaga mon.svg Ashikaga Japan [21] 9,800,000
10 Royal Banner of the Crown of Castile (Early Style)-Variant.svg Royal Banner of Aragon.svg Spain and possessions
Subdivisions
8,900,000
11 Flag of the king of Joseon.svg Joseon [24] 8,000,000
12 Alex K Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg Coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.svg Polish–Lithuanian Union [25] 7,500,000
13 Coat of arms of Russia (XV Century).svg Grand Duchy of Moscow [27] 6,000,000
14 Aztec Triple Alliance.png Aztec Empire [19] 6,000,000
15 Mameluke Flag.svg Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt [28] [20]
Subdivisions
5,867,0001.3%
16 Lê dynasty (Đại Việt) [29] 5,625,400
17 Flag of the Aq Qoyunlu.svg Aq Qoyunlu Iran [30] ~4,000,0000.9%
18 Flag of Hungary (15th century, rectangular).svg Coat of arms of Croatia 1495.svg Union of Kingdom of Hungary
and Kingdom of Croatia [31] [32]
4,000,000
19 Flag of the Majapahit Empire.svg Majapahit Empire [35] [lower-alpha 1] Less than 4,000,0000.9%
20Flag of Morocco (1666-1915).svg  Morocco Wattasid dynasty 3,500,000
21 Flag Portugal (1495).svg Portugal and possessions
Subdivisions
3,000,000+
22 Bandera de la confeferacion muisca.JPG Muisca Confederation [36] ~2,000,000-3,000,000
23 Flag of Yuan Dynasty.jpg Northern Yuan [37] ~2,760,0000.6%
24 Royal Standard of England (1406-1603).svg England and possessions
Subdivisions
2,750,000
25 Champa [40] 2,500,000 [lower-alpha 3]
26 Flag of Thailand (Ayutthaya period).svg Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) [20] 2,000,000
27

Coat of arms of the Vatican City.svg Papal States [14]

2,000,000
28 Bandera de Napoles - Trastamara.svg Kingdom of Naples [14] 2,000,000
29Ethiopian Pennants.svg Ethiopian Empire [20] 1,870,000
30 Flag of the Kalmar Union.svg Kalmar Union [24]
Subdivisions
1,690,000
31 Flag of Most Serene Republic of Venice.svg Republic of Venice [14] 1,500,000
32 Flag of the kingdom of tlemcen.svg Kingdom of Tlemcen 1,500,000
33 Flag of Cambodia (pre-1863).svg Cambodia [20] 1,224,000
34 Flag of Tunis in 1550.svg Hafsid dynasty 800,000
35 Flag of Florence.svg Republic of Florence [14] 750,000
36 Royal Standard of Scotland.svg Kingdom of Scotland [41] 500,000
37 Lan Xang [42] 400,000
38 Flag of Moldavia.svg Principality of Moldavia [17] 400,000
39 Malacca Sultanate [12] [lower-alpha 4] 135,000
40 Nan Madol (Saudeleur dynasty) 25,000 [43]

See also

Notes

  1. Combined 17th-century population of Bali (600,000), half of Java (2,000,000), half of Borneo (200,000), one-third of Sumatra (223,000), and half of the Lesser Sunda Islands (300,000), plus several other minor islands and exclaves.
  2. Only about 1/3 of Ireland was under the English Crown in 1500 (through direct control by the crown, such as The Pale, or through the Anglo-Irish Lords).
  3. At its height
  4. Population was estimated to be between 65,000 – 200,000.

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References

  1. "The World Economy: Historical Statistics". www.oecd-ilibrary.org. Retrieved 2022-10-24.
  2. Angus Maddison, 2003, The World Economy: Historical Statistics, Vol. 2, OECD, Paris. (2008, ggdc.net)
  3. Edwin Oldfather Reischauer, John King Fairbank, Albert M. Craig (1960) A history of East Asian civilization, Volume 1. East Asia: The Great Tradition, George Allen & Unwin Ltd. Gives a differing figure of 125 million, compared to Avakov's 103 million.
  4. Yi, Zhongtian (November 2007). The End of the Empire. Fudan University Press. p. 254.
  5. The combined population of Germany (12m), Austria (2m), Czechia (2.16m), Belgium (1.4m), the Netherlands (0.95m), Switzerland (0.65m), Slovenia (0.208m), and a third of Italy (3.5m); does not include the Empire's various now-French territories such as Franche-Comté (6,300 square miles, ruled by the Dukes of Burgundy), the départements of Nord and Pas-de-Calais (4,800 square miles together, part of the Habsburg Netherlands), Alsace (3,200 square miles), the County of Nice (1,500 square miles, ruled by the Savoyards), or core Savoy itself (4,000 square miles, ruled by the Savoyards). Avakov, p. 12-13.
  6. Belgium (1,400,000) plus the Netherlands (950,000) plus Luxembourg, not counting the bits of modern France and Germany that were then part of the Habsburg Netherlands. Avakov, p. 12-13.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Grigg, D. B. (1980). Population Growth and Agrarian Change: An Historical Perspective . CUP Archive. p.  55 . Retrieved 19 July 2016. population sicily 1500.
  8. Smith, p. 17: population is given as 434,000 in the mid-16th century and 468,000 in the late 16th century.
  9. Marcus, Kenneth H. (2000). Politics of Power: Elites of an Early Modern State in Germany. Page 8.
  10. Preserved Smith. The Social Background of the Reformation. 1920. Page 17. Population is given as 300–400,000 in 1535.
  11. Roughly the modern borders of Slovenia.
  12. 1 2 Globalising Migration History: The Eurasian Experience (16th–21st Centuries). BRILL. 27 March 2014. p. 101. ISBN   9789004271364 . Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  13. Morrison and Sinopoli, Kathleen and Carla (February 1992). "Economic Diversity and Integration in a Pre-Colonial Indian Empire". World Archaeology. 23 (3): 335–352. doi:10.1080/00438243.1992.9980184. JSTOR   124767 . Retrieved 17 June 2023.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Jones, J. A. P. (1997). Europe, 1500–1600. Nelson Thornes. ISBN   9780174350644 . Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  15. Behar, Cem, ed. 1996. Osmanlı Đmparatorluğu'nun ve Türkiye'nin nüfusu, 1500–1927. Ankara: T.C. Basbakanlık Devlet Đstatistik Enstitüsü = State Institute of Statistics Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey.
  16. "religiya-karaimov" (PDF).
  17. 1 2 Murgescu, Bogdan (14 June 2016). Romania si Europa. Polirom. pp. 75–76. ISBN   9789734620418.
  18. "Inca Population Estimates". 29 November 2012.
  19. 1 2 ""La catastrophe démographique" (The Demographical Catastrophe"), L'Histoire n°322, July–August 2007, p. 17".
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 Avakov, Alexander V. (April 2015). Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1. Algora. ISBN   9781628941012 . Retrieved 4 May 2016.
  21. (a) Jean-Noël Biraben, "The History of the Human Population From the First Beginnings to the Present" in "Demography: Analysis and Synthesis: A Treatise in Population" (Eds: Graziella Caselli, Jacques Vallin, Guillaume J. Wunsch) Vol 3, Chapter 66, pp 5–18, Academic Press, San Diego (2005). (b) Jean-Noël Biraben, "An Essay Concerning Mankind's Evolution", Population, Selected Papers, Vol. 4, pp. 1–13 (1980). (c) Jean-Noël Biraben, "Essai sur l'évolution du nombre des hommes", Population Vol. 34 (no. 1), pp. 13–25 (1979).
  22. "Castile, Aragon, Granada, and Portugal 1400–1517" . Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  23. Haiti (124,000) and the Dominican Republic (15,000). ALmost all of these were Taino natives who died off en masse in the following decades.
  24. 1 2 "Appendix B Growth of World Population, GDP and GDP Per Capita before 1820" (PDF). 27 July 2016.
  25. Norman John Greville Pounds (1979). An Historical Geography of Europe, 1500–1840 . Cambridge University Press. p.  104. ISBN   9780521223799 . Retrieved 10 August 2016. population austria 1500.
  26. Samsonowicz, Henryk (1997). "Probe einer demograpischen Einschätzung Polen um das Jahr 1500". Studia Historiae Oeconomicae (in German). 22: 16–24.
  27. Avakov, p.12; the figure is 8.183 million for all of modern European Russia, including the steppe and Caucasian polities that were not under the Grand Duchy of Moscow's control. Natalia Gorskaya (1994) in "Историческая демография России эпохи феодализма: итоги и проблемы изучения" (in Russian), p. 93-96, gives the Grand Duchy a population of 5.8 million in 1500.
  28. Borsch, Stuart J. (15 September 2009). The Black Death in Egypt and England: A Comparative Study. University of Texas Press. ISBN   9780292783171.
  29. Li 1998, p. 171.
  30. Maddison, Angus. "Population 1500" (PDF).
  31. "Tacitus: Historical Atlas" . Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  32. Miller, Jaroslav (11 February 2016). Urban Societies in East-Central Europe, 1500–1700. Routledge. ISBN   9781317003403 . Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  33. "És ha mégis tudtak számolni? Avagy: hány katona kell az ország védelmére?".
  34. "Prof. Akrap: Stanovništvo RH - prošlost, sadašnjost, budućnost". 20 September 2011.
  35. Reid, Anthony (1988). SEA in the Age of Commerce vol. 1. Yale University Press. p. 14.
  36. "La Televisión" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 1 June 2015. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  37. Chuluun, S. (2014). Mongols: XYII-early XX centuries.
  38. Connolly, S. J. (30 July 2009). Contested Island: Ireland 1460–1630. Oxford University Press. p. 404. ISBN   9780199563715.
  39. "Map of Control of Ireland in 1500".
  40. Proctor, Ann R. (2018), Buddhist Art of 9th Century Campa: Đồng Dương, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, p. 140
  41. Houston, R.A. & White, I. D. (Cambridge University Press) (1989). "Scottish Society: 1500–1800". Library of Congress .{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  42. "Data on Laos | Reconstructing Global Inequality". clio-infra.eu. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
  43. "Nan Madol (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov.

Sources