List of countries by rate of natural increase

Natural annual increase in population per 1,000 people, from the CIA World Factbook, 2024.

37.1 (Niger)   30 to 34.9   25 to 29.9   20 to 24.9

15 to 19.9   10 to 14.9   5 to 9.9   0 to 4.9

-5 to -0.1   -10 to -5.1   -12.6 (Ukraine)   No data

The rate of natural increase (RNI) is the birth rate minus the death rate. It is typically expressed either as a number per 1,000 individuals in the population or as a percentage. RNI can be either positive or negative. It contrasts to total population change by ignoring net migration.

Countries and subnational areas

Rates are CIA World Factbook estimates of the number of births or deaths in 2024 per 1,000 people. These are also known as crude birth or death rates. The natural increase rate is calculated from the birth and death rates.

• Note: Locations link to demographics pages.

List of countries and subnational areas by rate of natural increase

Location	Rate per 1,000 people
	Natural increase	Crude births [1]	Crude deaths [2]
Niger	37.1	46.6	9.5
Uganda	34.9	39.6	4.7
Angola	33.5	41.1	7.6
Benin	32.7	40.3	7.6
Mali	31.9	40	8.1
DR Congo	31.6	39.2	7.6
Chad	30.2	39.2	9
Burundi	28.9	34.6	5.7
Guinea-Bissau	28.8	36	7.2
Zambia	28.2	34.1	5.9
South Sudan	27.5	36.4	8.9
Tanzania	27.5	32.5	5
Guinea	27.5	35.3	7.8
Cameroon	27.3	34.7	7.4
Sudan	27	33.1	6.1
Mozambique	26.9	36.5	9.6
Somalia	26.2	37.4	11.2
Togo	25.8	30.9	5.1
Nigeria	25.4	33.8	8.4
Senegal	25.3	30.2	4.9
Burkina Faso	24.6	31.9	7.3
West Bank	24.5	27.8	3.3
Timor-Leste	24.2	29.7	5.5
Liberia	24.1	32.4	8.3
Gaza Strip	23.9	26.8	2.9
Congo	23.9	28.7	4.8
Ethiopia	23.8	29.6	5.8
Papua New Guinea	22.7	28.1	5.4
Afghanistan	22.4	34.2	11.8
Zimbabwe	22.3	28.8	6.5
Malawi	22.1	26.6	4.5
Sierra Leone	21.8	30.8	9
Madagascar	21.8	27.6	5.8
Ghana	21.7	27.6	5.9
Gambia	21.7	27.3	5.6
Tajikistan	21.1	25.8	4.7
Kenya	20.7	25.6	4.9
São Tomé and Príncipe	20.7	26.7	6
Central African Republic	20.6	31.9	11.3
Ivory Coast	20.2	27.5	7.3
Gabon	20.2	25.7	5.5
Equatorial Guinea	20.1	29	8.9
Mauritania	20	27.2	7.2
Eritrea	19.8	26.3	6.5
Iraq	19.8	23.7	3.9
Pakistan	19.6	25.5	5.9
Rwanda	19.3	25	5.7
Jordan	18.7	22.2	3.5
Solomon Islands	18.1	22	3.9
Oman	17.9	21.1	3.2
Yemen	17.9	23.4	5.5
Syria	17.7	21.7	4
Namibia	17.2	24.3	7.1
Marshall Islands	16.9	21.2	4.3
Vanuatu	16.8	20.8	4
Libya	16.8	20.3	3.5
Guatemala	16.5	21.4	4.9
Philippines	15.9	22.1	6.2
Algeria	15.8	20.2	4.4
Uzbekistan	15.4	20.5	5.1
Comoros	15.2	21.6	6.4
Egypt	15.2	19.5	4.3
Kuwait	15.2	17.5	2.3
Djibouti	14.8	21.8	7
Tonga	14.7	19.7	5
Honduras	14.5	19.9	5.4
Tuvalu	14.2	22	7.8
Israel	13.9	19.1	5.2
Haiti	13.9	21.2	7.3
Nauru	13.7	20.2	6.5
Laos	13.6	19.8	6.2
Micronesia	13.6	17.8	4.2
Samoa	13.4	18.8	5.4
Eswatini	12.9	22.3	9.4
Kiribati	12.8	19.7	6.9
Kyrgyzstan	12.7	18.7	6
Belize	12.7	17.7	5
Cambodia	12.5	18.2	5.7
Cape Verde	12.2	17.9	5.7
Lesotho	12.1	22.9	10.8
Guam (US)	12	18.1	6.1
Brunei	11.9	15.8	3.9
Bangladesh	11.8	17.3	5.5
Panama	11.7	17.4	5.7
Nepal	11.4	17	5.6
Nicaragua	11.3	16.4	5.1
El Salvador	11.2	17.1	5.9
Bolivia	11	17.6	6.6
Paraguay	11	15.9	4.9
Turkmenistan	10.8	16.8	6
Maldives	10.8	15.1	4.3
South Africa	10.8	17.7	6.9
Botswana	10.7	19.6	8.9
Ecuador	10.5	17.7	7.2
Dominican Republic	10.2	17.3	7.1
Morocco	10.2	16.8	6.6
Venezuela	10.2	16.7	6.5
Saudi Arabia	10.1	13.6	3.5
Northern Mariana Islands (US)	10	15.7	5.7
Guyana	9.7	16.7	7
Fiji	9.4	15.9	6.5
Bhutan	9.4	15.3	5.9
Turks and Caicos Islands (UK)	9.4	13	3.6
American Samoa (US)	9.4	15.7	6.3
Bahrain	9.4	12.2	2.8
Antigua and Barbuda	9.2	14.9	5.7
Vietnam	9.1	14.9	5.8
Saint Martin (France)	9.1	13.9	4.8
Kazakhstan	9.1	17.2	8.1
Iran	9	14.3	5.3
United Arab Emirates	9	10.7	1.7
Mongolia	8.5	14.9	6.4
Burma	8.4	15.7	7.3
Malaysia	8.4	14.2	5.8
Suriname	8.2	14.9	6.7
Jamaica	8.1	15.6	7.5
Indonesia	8	14.8	6.8
Argentina	7.9	15.2	7.3
Mexico	7.8	14.3	6.5
New Caledonia (France)	7.8	13.8	6
Qatar	7.8	9.2	1.4
Turkey	7.7	13.8	6.1
Bahamas	7.5	13.1	5.6
Kosovo	7.2	14.4	7.2
French Polynesia (France)	7.2	13	5.8
Anguilla (UK)	7.1	11.8	4.7
India	7.1	16.2	9.1
Tunisia	7.1	13.5	6.4
Sri Lanka	7	14.5	7.5
Lebanon	7	12.6	5.6
Colombia	6.9	14.9	8
Faroe Islands (Denmark)	6.3	14.9	8.6
Brazil	6.2	13.2	7
Iceland	6	12.6	6.6
Montserrat	5.9	11.9	6
Chile	5.8	12.4	6.6
Wallis and Futuna (France)	5.8	11.8	6
Peru	5.8	16.7	10.9
Sint Maarten (Netherlands)	5.8	12.2	6.4
New Zealand	5.7	12.6	6.9
Costa Rica	5.5	10.8	5.3
Cayman Islands (UK)	5.4	11.5	6.1
British Virgin Islands (UK)	5.4	10.9	5.5
Australia	5.4	12.2	6.8
Dominica	5.2	13.3	8.1
Gibraltar (UK)	5	13.7	8.7
Grenada	4.9	13.3	8.4
Albania	4.9	12.3	7.4
Seychelles	4.8	11.8	7
Azerbaijan	4.8	11.2	6.4
Singapore	4.5	8.8	4.3
Luxembourg	4.5	11.6	7.1
Saint Kitts and Nevis	4.4	11.8	7.4
Jersey	4.4	12.2	7.8
Greenland (Denmark)	4.3	13.5	9.2
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	4.2	11.9	7.7
North Korea	4	13.2	9.2
Curaçao (Netherlands)	4	12.9	8.9
United States	3.7	12.2	8.5
Ireland	3.7	11.1	7.4
Macau (China)	3.7	8.6	4.9
Uruguay	3.5	12.6	9.1
Palau	3.2	11.6	8.4
Cyprus	3.2	10.2	7
Saint Lucia	3.1	11.4	8.3
Aruba	2.8	11.6	8.8
Cook Islands (New Zealand)	2.7	12.1	9.4
Barbados	2.6	10.7	8.1
China	2.5	10.2	7.7
Liechtenstein	2.1	10.3	8.2
Norway	2	10.4	8.4
U.S. Virgin Islands (US)	1.9	11.1	9.2
Trinidad and Tobago	1.9	10.5	8.6
Thailand	1.9	9.9	8
Canada	1.8	10	8.2
Denmark	1.7	11.3	9.6
United Kingdom	1.6	10.8	9.2
Bermuda (UK)	1.6	10.9	9.3
Switzerland	1.6	10.1	8.5
Belgium	1.3	10.8	9.5
Sweden	1.1	10.7	9.6
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (UK)	1	9.3	8.3
France	0.9	10.9	10
Netherlands	0.9	10.6	9.7
Armenia	0.9	10.5	9.6
Mauritius	0.8	9.8	9
Montenegro	0.6	10.9	10.3
North Macedonia	0.6	10.2	9.6
Malta	0.6	9.4	8.8
Guernsey (UK)	0.5	9.7	9.2
Cuba	0.4	9.9	9.5
Isle of Man (UK)	0.2	10.4	10.2
San Marino	0.1	9	8.9
Saint Barthélemy (France)	-0.2	9.3	9.5
Finland	-0.2	10.2	10.4
South Korea	-0.4	7	7.4
Hong Kong (China)	-0.5	7.6	8.1
Austria	-0.6	9.3	9.9
Taiwan	-0.8	7.3	8.1
Slovakia	-1.2	10	11.2
Andorra	-1.2	6.9	8.1
Georgia	-1.3	12	13.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	-2.1	8.2	10.3
Czech Republic	-2.2	9.8	12
Puerto Rico	-2.4	7.8	10.2
Slovenia	-2.5	8	10.5
Portugal	-2.9	8	10.9
Spain	-2.9	7.1	10
Germany	-3.1	8.9	12
Poland	-3.8	8.4	12.2
Italy	-4.1	7.1	11.2
Croatia	-4.6	8.5	13.1
Greece	-4.6	7.4	12
Monaco	-4.6	6.5	11.1
Belarus	-5	8.3	13.3
Estonia	-5	8.2	13.2
Japan	-5	6.9	11.9
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)	-5.3	6.4	11.7
Hungary	-5.4	9.1	14.5
Russia	-5.6	8.4	14
Moldova	-5.8	8.4	14.2
Serbia	-6.1	8.8	14.9
Romania	-6.1	8.5	14.6
Lithuania	-6.3	8.9	15.2
Bulgaria	-6.3	7.9	14.2
Latvia	-6.4	8.3	14.7
Ukraine	-12.6	6	18.6

Summary by region

The table below assembles history and projections for the major regions shown. The numbers show total births minus total deaths per 1,000 population for the region for each time period. The first four columns show actual rate of natural increase. The remaining columns show projections using the medium fertility variant. All numbers are from the UN Population Division. ^[3]

Region	1950–55	1970–75	1990–95	2010–15	2015–20	2025–30	2035–40	2045–50
World	+17.8	+19.5	+15.2	+11.9	+10.9	+8.7	+7.0	+5.6
Africa	+21.5	+27.4	+26.1	+26.4	+25.3	+22.8	+20.6	+18.1
Asia	+19.3	+22.8	+16.4	+10.7	+9.3	+6.3	+3.8	+1.8
Europe	+10.3	+5.5	+0.3	−0.1	−0.7	−2.1	−2.8	−3.2
Latin America & The Caribbean	+27.1	+25.8	+19.0	+11.9	+10.4	+7.5	+4.9	+2.8
Northern America	+14.9	+6.4	+6.6	+4.2	+4.2	+3.5	+2.0	+1.1
Oceania	+15.7	+14.5	+12.2	+10.5	+9.7	+8.0	+6.4	+5.3

See also

• Demographics of the world
• List of countries by population growth rate

References

1. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
2. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
3. ""United Nations Population Div, World Population Prospects 2017, File: Rate of Natural Population Growth Rate". Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2018.