Demographics of Jamaica

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Demographics of Jamaica
Jamaica single age population pyramid 2020.png
Population pyramid of Jamaica in 2020
Population2,818,596 (2022)
Growth rate0.08% (2022 est.)
Birth rate11.4 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate7.8 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy75.75 years
  male73.98 years
  female77.6 years
Fertility rate1.40 children
Infant mortality rate11.17 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate−7.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years21.11%
15–64 years69.31%
65 and over9.58%
Nationality
NationalityJamaican
Major ethnic Afro-Jamaicans (76.3%) (2023) [1]
Minor ethnic15.1% Afro-European[or Browning Class], 3.4% East Indian and Afro-East Indian, 3.2% Caucasian, 1.2% Chinese and 0.8% Other [2]
Language
OfficialEnglish
SpokenEnglish; Jamaican Patois
Census population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1844377,433    
1861441,264+0.92%
1871506,154+1.38%
1881580,804+1.39%
1891639,491+0.97%
1911831,383+1.32%
1921858,118+0.32%
19431,237,063+1.68%
19601,609,814+1.56%
19701,848,512+1.39%
19822,190,357+1.42%
19912,380,666+0.93%
20012,607,632+0.91%
20112,697,983+0.34%
Source: [3]

Jamaica is an island country in the Caribbean. The country had a population of 2,825,352 in 2023, the fourth largest in the region.

Contents

Jamaica's annual population growth rate stood at 0.08% in 2022. As of 2023, 68.9% of Jamaicans were Christians in 2011, predominantly Protestant.

A more precise study conducted by the local University of the West Indies - Jamaica's population is more accurately 76.3% African descent or Black, 15.1% Afro-European, 3.4% East Indian and Afro-East Indian, 3.2% Caucasian, 1.2% Chinese and 0.8% Other. [4]

Wealth or economic power in Jamaica is disproportionately held by White Jamaicans, Chinese Jamaicans, Lebanese/Syrian Jamaicans, Indian Jamaicans and Mixed-race Jamaicans (or locally called the Brown Man or Browning)- i.e. despite being minority groups (less than 25% of the country's population) control most of the country's wealth. [5]

Population size and structure

According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects [6] [7] the total population was 2,827,695 in 2021, compared to only 1,403,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 29%, 63.1% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 7.8% was 65 years or older.

[8]

Total population
(x 1000)
Proportion
aged 0–14
(%)
Proportion
aged 15–64
(%)
Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
19501 40336.060.13.9
19551 54237.158.84.1
19601 62941.853.94.3
19651 76043.551.15.4
19701 86947.047.45.6
19752 01245.348.95.8
19802 13240.353.06.8
19852 29737.355.77.1
19902 36535.157.57.4
19952 46233.858.77.5
20002 58232.559.67.9
20052 68230.461.58.1
20102 74127.164.58.4
20152 79323.667.39.1
2019 [9] 2 73420.869.59.7

Structure of the population

Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 04.IV.2011): [10]
Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total1 334 5331 363 4502 697 983100
0–4106 107103 764209 8717.78
5–9114 792111 586226 3788.39
10–14136 183130 403266 5869.88
15–19139 777134 881274 65810.18
20–24125 243125 468250 7119.29
25–29109 919116 201226 1208.38
30–3487 81097 685185 4956.88
35–3986 64797 109183 7566.81
40–4485 65688 268173 9246.45
45–4979 20176 188155 3895.76
50–5467 29770 598137 8955.11
55–5950 71750 081100 7983.74
60–6444 40743 65088 0573.26
65–6932 54332 62165 1642.42
70–7424 62726 64951 2761.90
75–7919 84722 91542 7621.58
80–8413 25817 48030 7381.14
85–897 26711 19018 4570.68
90–942 3034 6186 9210.26
95–998081 6952 5030.09
100+1244005240.02
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–14357 082345 753702 83526.05
15–64876 674900 1291 776 80365.86
65+100 777117 568218 3458.09
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2019): [10]
Age GroupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total1 351 5151 381 0242 732 539100
0–488 76985 290174 0596.37
5–997 29993 948191 2477.00
10–14106 720104 712211 4327.74
15–19118 895113 888232 7838.52
20–24130 614127 184257 7989.43
25–29126 322123 540249 8629.14
30–34109 010112 958221 9688.12
35–3995 108103 970199 0787.29
40–4477 02189 154166 1756.08
45–4978 74287 344166 0866.08
50–5475 76777 096152 8635.59
55–5969 08967 139136 2284.99
60–6454 82256 388111 2104.07
65-6941 59541 17182 7663.03
70-7432 31933 15565 4742.40
75-7921 38023 69045 0701.65
80+28 04340 39768 4402.50
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–14292 788283 950576 73821.11
15–64935 390958 6611 894 05169.31
65+123 337138 413261 7509.58

Vital statistics

Registered births and deaths

[11] [12] [13]

Average populationLive birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)TFR
1900750,00026,80016,20010,60035.721.614.1
1901756,00032,10017,20014,90042.522.819.7
1902760,00029,90015,00014,90039.319.819.5
1903770,00030,90019,10011,80040.124.815.3
1904780,00028,50019,4009,10036.524.911.6
1905790,00031,10017,50013,60039.422.217.2
1906790,00030,70021,2009,50038.926.812.1
1907800,00028,80023,4005,40036.029.26.8
1908810,00031,30018,70012,60038.723.115.6
1909820,00032,30018,60013,70039.422.716.7
1910820,00031,60018,90012,70038.523.115.4
1911831,00032,50018,50014,00039.122.316.8
1912830,00032,50021,10011,40039.225.413.8
1913840,00030,20018,60011,60036.022.113.9
1914840,00033,40018,40015,00039.821.917.9
1915840,00029,80018,60011,20035.522.113.4
1916840,00028,70019,4009,30034.223.111.1
1917850,00029,90023,6006,30035.227.87.4
1918850,00030,10029,1001,00035.434.21.2
1919850,00029,70019,50010,20034.922.912.0
1920860,00036,20022,50013,70042.126.215.9
1921858,00029,90024,3005,60034.928.36.6
1922870,00032,50020,00012,50037.423.014.4
1923890,00034,40020,50013,90038.723.015.7
1924910,00033,70019,90013,80037.021.915.1
1925930,00032,50020,10012,40034.921.613.3
1926950,00036,50019,50017,00038.420.517.9
1927960,00033,30020,30013,00034.721.113.6
1928980,00035,10019,30015,80035.819.716.1
19291,000,00034,20018,40015,80034.218.415.8
19301,020,00038,30017,60020,70037.517.320.2
19311,030,00036,40019,50016,90035.318.916.4
19321,047,00034,20018,20016,00032.717.415.3
19331,067,00035,60021,00014,60033.419.713.7
19341,081,00034,24718,73115,51631.717.314.4
19351,096,00037,37919,70617,67334.118.016.1
19361,111,00036,56119,62916,93232.917.715.2
19371,123,00035,35217,48117,87131.515.615.9
19381,142,00037,97019,12418,84633.316.816.5
19391,162,00037,47417,53619,93832.315.117.2
19401,183,00036,46218,24318,21930.815.415.4
19411,205,00037,82917,31720,51231.414.417.0
19421,227,00040,16517,54522,62032.714.318.4
19431,248,00039,37117,55821,81331.514.117.4
19441,260,00041,77218,97622,79633.215.118.1
19451,266,00037,95418,87419,08030.014.915.1
19461,292,00039,91817,27222,64630.913.417.5
19471,321,00043,26718,77024,49732.814.218.5
19481,345,00041,46317,86923,59430.813.317.5
19491,365,00044,37716,85927,51832.512.420.2
19501,403,00046,45916,67729,78233.111.921.2
19511,437,00048,56117,25031,31134.012.121.9
19521,468,00048,90216,69532,20733.611.522.1
19531,496,00051,13115,44235,68934.410.424.0
19541,521,00053,63016,30237,32836.511.125.4
19551,542,00055,76715,32840,43937.510.327.2
19561,560,00058,17714,67043,50738.59.728.8
19571,576,00060,44514,12946,31639.49.230.2
19581,592,00063,51714,81348,70440.69.531.1
19591,609,00063,87416,54947,32539.910.329.6
19601,629,00068,41314,32154,09242.58.933.6
19611,652,00066,12814,19351,93540.58.731.8
19621,679,00064,91314,16750,74639.18.530.6
19631,707,00066,18915,15951,03039.08.930.1
19641,735,00068,35913,26755,09239.37.631.7
19651,760,00069,76814,08455,68439.68.031.6
19661,783,00071,36414,28857,07640.08.032.0
19671,804,00067,43813,29554,14337.47.430.0
19681,824,00065,40214,55750,84535.98.027.9
19691,845,00064,66814,09450,57435.17.627.4
19701,869,00064,37514,35250,02334.47.726.8
19711,896,00066,27714,07852,19934.97.427.5
19721,925,00066,21913,97052,24934.37.227.1
19731,955,00061,85714,15747,70031.67.224.3
19741,984,00061,50614,37447,13230.97.223.7
19752,012,00061,46214,00447,45830.36.923.4
19762,037,00060,65814,67145,98729.67.222.4
19772,059,00060,42314,24546,17829.16.922.3
19782,081,00058,18912,14846,04127.95.822.1
19792,105,00059,12613,29745,82928.06.321.7
19802,132,00058,58912,70645,88327.56.021.53.56
19812,165,00059,43513,31546,12027.56.221.33.50
19822,200,00061,47712,69848,77927.95.822.23.40
19832,237,00061,41712,58848,82927.45.621.83.21
19842,270,00057,53313,40544,12825.25.919.42.73
19852,297,00056,21013,91842,29224.36.018.32.56
19862,317,00054,06713,34140,72623.15.717.42.40
19872,332,00052,27012,35239,91822.25.317.02.27
19882,342,00053,62312,16741,45622.75.217.62.31
19892,353,00059,10414,31544,78924.76.018.72.43
19902,365,00059,60612,17447,43225.25.120.12.45
19912,381,00059,87913,31946,56025.25.619.62.44
19922,399,00056,27613,22543,05123.55.517.92.34
19932,419,00058,62713,92744,70024.25.818.52.44
19942,440,00057,40413,50343,90123.55.518.02.38
19952,462,00057,60712,77644,83123.45.218.22.37
19962,485,00057,37014,85442,51623.16.017.12.33
19972,509,00059,38515,96743,41823.76.417.32.42
19982,534,00056,93716,15040,78722.56.416.12.29
19992,559,00056,91117,55039,36122.26.915.42.29
20002,582,00054,03516,40037,63520.96.414.62.13
20012,605,00049,29116,61532,67618.96.412.51.92
20022,620,00047,46416,72830,73618.26.411.81.84
20032,629,00045,55917,26728,29217.46.610.81.77
20042,639,00044,84316,33228,51117.06.210.81.73
20052,644,00046,37017,41328,95717.56.611.01.81
20062,653,00043,24318,96024,28316.37.29.21.70
20072,662,00043,38520,55022,83516.37.78.61.71
20082,672,00043,11219,96623,14616.17.58.71.70
20092,681,00042,78218,55524,22716.07.08.91.68
20102,691,00040,50821,50319,00515.18.07.11.57
20112,700,00039,67316,92622,74714.76.38.41.54
20122,708,00039,55316,99822,55514.56.38.31.55
20132,715,00036,74615,42721,31913.55.77.81.52
20142,721,00036,99618,32018,67613.66.76.91.51
20152,723,00037,90019,24918,65113.97.16.81.53
20162,727,00036,16019,76116,39913.37.26.11.50
20172,728,00034,42319,66114,76212.67.25.41.46
20182,731,00034,20919,76214,44712.57.25.31.42
20192,734,00034,63220,93713,69512.77.75.0
20202,735,00033,94120,23813,70312.47.45.0
20212,737,00033,12626,9746,15212.19.82.3
20222,738,00031,27621,3909,88611.47.83.6

Life expectancy at birth

PeriodLife expectancy in

Years

PeriodLife expectancy in

Years

1950–195558.61985–199072.1
1955–196062.71990–199572.0
1960–196565.71995–200072.1
1965–197067.22000–200572.8
1970–197569.02005–201074.2
1975–198070.72010–201575.5
1980–198572.0

Source: UN World Population Prospects [14]

Ethnic groups

Black 76.3%, 15.1% Mixed (Afro-European), 3.4% East Indian and Afro-East Indian, 3.2% Caucasian, 1.2% Chinese and 0.8% Other. [15]

Historical

YearPopulation White  %

W

Black  %

B

1661 [16] 3,874N/A86.7%N/A13.3%
1673 [16] 17,272N/A45%N/A55%
1730 [16] 83,008N/A9.2%N/A90.8%
1774 [16] 209,617N/A6.1%N/A93.9%

Languages

English, Jamaican Patois

Religion

Protestant 64.8% (includes Seventh Day Adventist 12.0%, Pentecostal 11.0%, Other Church of God 9.2%, New Testament Church of God 7.2%, Baptist 6.7%, Church of God in Jamaica 4.8%, Church of God of Prophecy 4.5%, Anglican 2.8%, United Church 2.1%, Methodist 1.6%, Revived 1.4%, Brethren 0.9%, and Moravian 0.7%), Roman Catholic 2.2%, Jehovah's Witness 1.9%, Rastafarian 1.1%, other 6.5%, none 21.3%, unspecified 2.3% (2011 est.)

See also

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PD-icon.svg This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.