Divorce demography

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Divorce demography is the study of divorce statistics in a population. There are three ratios used for divorce rate calculations: crude divorce rate, refined divorce rate, and divorce-to-marriage ratio. Each of these calculations has weaknesses and can be misleading [1] .

Contents

Estimates of annual divorces by country

The following are the countries with the most annual divorces according to the United Nations in 2009. [2] [3]

CountryDivorces
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 1,893,000
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1,106,670
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 685,910
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 257,475
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 190,928

Divorce statistics by country/region (per 1,000 population / year)

Country/regionContinentDivorce rateRatioData Source Year
MarriageDivorceRefinedPercent
Flag of Albania.svg  Albania Europe8.11.74.7620.99(2018) [4]
Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria Africa10.11.66.3115.84(2013) [5]
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia (more info)Oceania4.62.02.343.48(2017) [6]
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Europe5.31.82.9433.96(2018) [4]
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan Asia9.71.56.4715.46(2011) [7] [8]
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas North America6.11.06.116.39(2007) [7] [8]
Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus Europe6.13.71.6560.66(2023) [9]
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium (more info)Europe3.92.11.8653.85(2016) [4]
Flag of Bermuda.svg  Bermuda 10.62.73.9325.47(2009) [7] [8]
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg  Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe4.80.6812.5(2012) [4]
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil South America6.61.44.7121.21(2009) [10]
Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria Europe4.11.52.7336.59(2018) [4]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada (more info)North America4.42.12.147.73(2008) [7] [8]
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile (more info)South America3.30.74.7121.21(2009) [7] [8]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China (more info)Asia7.23.22.2544.44(2018)[ citation needed ]
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia South America2.30.73.2930.43(2007) [11]
Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica North America5.32.52.1247.17(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia Europe4.91.53.2730.61(2018) [4]
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba (more info)North America5.22.91.7955.77(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus Asia6.82.23.0932.35(2017) [4]
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Europe5.12.32.2245.1(2018) [4]
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Europe5.62.62.1546.43(2018) [4]
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic North America4.41.82.4440.91(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador South America5.61.15.0919.64(2006) [11]
Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt (more info)Africa11.01.95.7917.27(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador North America3.50.84.3822.86(2006) [11]
Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia Europe5.02.42.0848(2018) [4]
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 4.422.245.45(2017) [4]
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland Europe4.32.41.7955.81(2018) [4]
Flag of France.svg  France Europe3.71.91.9551.35(2016) [4]
Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia Asia6.91.35.3118.84(2011) [7] [8]
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany (more info)Europe4.91.92.5838.78(2017) [4]
Flag of Gibraltar.svg  Gibraltar 6.73.22.0947.76(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Grenada.svg  Grenada North America5.01.14.5522(2001) [11]
Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Europe4.71.82.6138.3(2017) [4]
Flag of Guatemala.svg  Guatemala North America3.81.23.1731.58(2008) [7] [8]
Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Europe5.21.73.0632.69(2018) [4]
Flag of Iceland.svg  Iceland Europe4.91.82.7236.73(2010) [4]
Flag of India.svg  India (more info)Asia100.11001 ? [12]
Flag of Iran.svg  Iran (more info)Asia11.21.6714.29(2017) [13]
Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq AsiaUn­known2.24(2024) [14]
Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland Europe4.60.76.5715.22(2017) [4]
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel (more info)Asia6.51.83.6127.69(2009)[ citation needed ]
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Europe3.21.52.1346.88(2018) [4]
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica North America7.51.5520(2011) [7] [8]
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan (more info)Asia4.81.72.8235.42(2019) [15]
Flag of Jordan.svg  Jordan Asia6.71.83.7226.87(2019) [16] [17] [18]
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Asia7.32.52.9234.25(2021) [19] [20]
Flag of Kuwait.svg  Kuwait Asia5.22.22.3642.31(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg  Kyrgyzstan Asia9.71.66.0616.49(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia Europe6.83.12.1945.59(2018) [4]
Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon Asia9.51.65.9416.84(2007) [7] [8]
Flag of Libya.svg  Libya Africa10.82.54.3223.15(2008) [21]
Flag of Liechtenstein.svg  Liechtenstein Europe5.02.42.0848(2010) [4]
Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania Europe7.03.12.2644.29(2018) [4]
Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg Europe2.92.31.2679.31(2020) [4]
Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia Asia6.41.6425(2019) [22]
Flag of Maldives.svg  Maldives AsiaUn­known5.52(2024) [14]
Flag of Malta.svg  Malta (more info)Europe5.80.78.2912.07(2018) [4]
Flag of Mauritius.svg  Mauritius Africa8.21.45.8617.07(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico North America5.20.95.7817.31(2009) [7] [8]
Flag of Moldova.svg  Moldova Europe7.33.12.3542.47(2011) [7] [8]
Flag of Mongolia.svg  Mongolia Asia3.41.13.0932.35(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Montenegro.svg  Montenegro Europe5.31.43.7926.42(2018) [4]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Europe3.71.82.0648.65(2018) [4]
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand (more info)Oceania4.82.02.441.67(2008) [7] [8]
Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua North America4.50.85.6317.78(2005) [11]
Flag of North Macedonia.svg  North Macedonia Europe6.50.88.1312.31(2018) [4]
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway (more info)Europe4.31.92.2644.19(2018) [4]
Flag of Panama.svg  Panama North America3.71.03.727.03(2010) [7] [8]
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland (more info)Europe5.11.7333.33(2018) [4]
Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Europe1.81.71.0694.44(2020) [4]
Flag of Qatar.svg  Qatar Asia3.31.1333.33(2011) [7] [8]
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania Europe7.41.64.6321.62(2018) [4]
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Europe5.33.91.3673.58(2020) [23] [24]
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia North America2.80.7425(2004) [11]
Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines North America5.80.87.2513.79(2007) [7] [8]
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino Europe6.12.52.4440.98(2011) [7] [8]
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Asia5.62.12.6737.5(2020) [25]
Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia Europe5.21.43.7126.92(2018) [4]
Flag of Seychelles.svg  Seychelles Africa17.41.99.1610.92(2011) [7] [8]
Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore (more info)Asia6.81.93.5827.94(2015) [26]
Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Europe5.71.83.1731.58(2018) [4]
Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Europe3.51.13.1831.43(2018) [4]
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa (more info)Africa3.50.65.8317.14(2009) [10]
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea (more info)Asia4.72.22.1446.81(2019) [27]
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Europe1.91.61.1984.21(2020) [4]
Flag of Sri Lanka.svg  Sri Lanka Asia ?0.15 ? [28]
Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname South America4.21.33.2330.95(2007) [7] [8]
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Europe5.02.5250(2018) [4]
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Europe4.82.02.441.67(2016) [4]
Flag of Syria.svg  Syria Asia10.61.38.1512.26(2006) [11]
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan Asia5.72.32.4840.35(2018) [29]
Flag of Tajikistan.svg  Tajikistan Asia13.51.49.6410.37(2009) [7] [8]
Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Asia5.51.43.9325.45(2005) [11]
Flag of Tonga.svg  Tonga Oceania7.11.25.9216.9(2003) [11]
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago North America6.32.22.8634.92(2005) [11] [30]
Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia Africa(2016) [31]
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Europe6.81.7425(2018) [4]
Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine Europe4.062.881.4170.94(2020)
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates (more info)Asia2.80.7425(2005) [32]
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom (more info)Europe4.41.82.4440.91(2015) [4]
Flag of the United States.svg  United States (more info)North America5.12.32.2245.1(2020) [33]
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay South America3.2 ?(2010) [7]
Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  Uzbekistan Asia7.81.17.0914.1(2006) [34] [35]
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela South America3.31.22.7536.36(2006) [7]
Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam Asia5.70.414.257.02(2015) [7] [8]

Metrics / statistics

Crude divorce rate

This is divorces per 1,000 population per year. [1] For example, if a city has 10,000 people living in it, and 30 couples divorce in one year, then the crude divorce rate for that year is 3 divorces per 1,000 residents.

The crude divorce rate can give a general overview of marriage in an area, but it does not take people who cannot marry into account. For example, it would include young children, who are clearly not of marriageable age in its sample. In a place with large numbers of children or single adults, the crude divorce rate can seem low. In a place with few children and single adults, the crude divorce rate can seem high.

Refined divorce rate

This measures the number of divorces per 1,000 women married to men, so that all unmarried persons are left out of the calculation. [1] For example, if that same city of 10,000 people has 3,000 married women, and 30 couples divorce in one year, then the refined divorce rate is 10 divorces per 1,000 married women.

Divorce-to-marriage ratio

This compares the number of divorces in a given year to the number of marriages in that same year (the ratio of the crude divorce rate to the crude marriage rate). [1] For example, if there are 500 divorces and 1,000 marriages in a given year in a given area, the ratio would be one divorce for every two marriages, e.g. a ratio of 0.50 (50%).

However, this measurement compares two unlike populations – those who can marry and those who can divorce. Say there exists a community with 100,000 married couples, and very few people capable of marriage, for reasons such as age. If 1,000 people obtain divorces and 1,000 people get married in the same year, the ratio is one divorce for every marriage, which may lead people to think that the community's relationships are extremely unstable, despite the number of married people not changing. This is also true in reverse: a community with very many people of marriageable age may have 10,000 marriages and 1,000 divorces, leading people to believe that it has very stable relationships.

Furthermore, these two rates are not directly comparable since the marriage rate only examines the current year, while the divorce rate examines the outcomes of marriages for many previous years. This does not equate to the proportion of marriages in a given single-year cohort that will ultimately end in divorce. In any given year, underlying rates may change, and this can affect the ratio. For example, during an economic downturn, some couples might postpone a divorce because they can't afford to live separately. These individual choices could seem to temporarily improve the divorce-to-marriage ratio.

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