General Mitchell International Airport

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General Mitchell International Airport
Mitchell Field
GMIA Logo.svg
General Mitchell International Airport - Wisconsin.jpg
2006 USGS Orthophoto
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner Milwaukee County
OperatorMilwaukee County Airport Department
Serves Milwaukee, WI.
Location5300 South Howell Avenue
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Hub for
Elevation  AMSL 729 ft / 222 m
Coordinates 42°56′50″N087°53′48″W / 42.94722°N 87.89667°W / 42.94722; -87.89667
Website www.MitchellAirport.com
Maps
KMKE FAA Airport Diagram.svg
Airport diagram
USA Wisconsin location map.svg
Airplane silhouette.svg
MKE
Location of General Mitchell International Airport
Usa edcp relief location map.png
Airplane silhouette.svg
MKE
MKE (the US)
Runways
Direction LengthSurface
ftm
01L/19R9,9903,045 Asphalt/Concrete
01R/19L4,1831,275Asphalt/Concrete
07L/25R4,8001,463Asphalt/Concrete
07R/25L8,3002,530Asphalt/Concrete
13/315,5351,687Asphalt/Concrete
Helipads
NumberLengthSurface
ftm
H110030Asphalt/Concrete
Statistics
Aircraft operations (2018)112,932
Total passengers (2017)6,922,130
Departing Passengers (12 months ending Oct 2018)3,423,000
Sources: airport web site and FAA [1] [2]

General Mitchell International Airport( IATA : MKE, ICAO : KMKE, FAA LID : MKE) is a civil-military airport five miles (8 km) south of downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. [1] It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2019–2023, in which it is categorized as a medium-hub primary commercial service facility. [3]

An IATA airport code, also known as an IATA location identifier, IATA station code or simply a location identifier, is a three-letter code designating many airports around the world, defined by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). The characters prominently displayed on baggage tags attached at airport check-in desks are an example of a way these codes are used.

ICAO airport code four-letter code designating many airports around the world

The ICAOairport code or location indicator is a four-letter code designating aerodromes around the world. These codes, as defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization and published in ICAO Document 7910: Location Indicators, are used by air traffic control and airline operations such as flight planning.

Federal Aviation Administration United States Government agency dedicated to civil aviation matters

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is a governmental body of the United States with powers to regulate all aspects of civil aviation in that nation as well as over its surrounding international waters. Its powers include the construction and operation of airports, air traffic management, the certification of personnel and aircraft, and the protection of U.S. assets during the launch or re-entry of commercial space vehicles. Powers over neighboring international waters were delegated to the FAA by authority of the International Civil Aviation Organization.

Contents

It is named after United States Army Air Service General Billy Mitchell, who was raised in Milwaukee and is often regarded as the father of the United States Air Force. Along with being the primary airport for Milwaukee, Mitchell International has sometimes been described as Chicago's third airport, as many travelers in the suburbs north of Chicago use it instead of Chicago's O'Hare and Midway airports. [4] It is also used by travellers throughout Wisconsin and Northern Illinois. An Amtrak railway station opened at the airport in 2005; the station is served by Amtrak's Hiawatha Service running between Chicago and Milwaukee several times daily. Since March 1941, the airport's weather station has been used as the official point for Milwaukee weather observations and records by the National Weather Service, [5] whose area office is located in Sullivan.

United States Army Air Service 1918-1926 air warfare service of the United States Army

The United States Army Air Service was the aerial warfare service of the United States between 1918 and 1926 and a forerunner of the United States Air Force. It was established as an independent but temporary branch of the U.S. War Department during World War I by two executive orders of President Woodrow Wilson: on May 24, 1918, replacing the Aviation Section, Signal Corps as the nation's air force; and March 19, 1919, establishing a military Director of Air Service to control all aviation activities. Its life was extended for another year in July 1919, during which time Congress passed the legislation necessary to make it a permanent establishment. The National Defense Act of 1920 assigned the Air Service the status of "combatant arm of the line" of the United States Army with a major general in command.

Billy Mitchell United States Army general during World War I

William Lendrum Mitchell was a United States Army general who is regarded as the father of the United States Air Force.

United States Air Force Air and space warfare branch of the United States Armed Forces

The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial and space warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the five branches of the United States Armed Forces, and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially formed as a part of the United States Army on 1 August 1907, the USAF was established as a separate branch of the U.S. Armed Forces on 18 September 1947 with the passing of the National Security Act of 1947. It is the youngest branch of the U.S. Armed Forces, and the fourth in order of precedence. The USAF is the largest and most technologically advanced air force in the world. The Air Force articulates its core missions as air and space superiority, global integrated intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance, rapid global mobility, global strike, and command and control.

History

Plaque in Concourse E Mitchell Field Expansion Plack.jpg
Plaque in Concourse E

The original airfield was established in 1920 as Hamilton Airport by local business owner and aviator, Thomas Hamilton. Milwaukee County purchased the land on October 19, 1926, for the Milwaukee County Airport. The first airport terminal there, the Hirschbuehl Farmhouse, opened in July 1927. That month, Northwest Airlines, Inc., began air service from Milwaukee to Chicago and Minneapolis/St. Paul. In August 1927, world-renowned aviator Charles Lindbergh visited the Milwaukee airport. Kohler Aviation Corporation began providing passenger service across Lake Michigan on August 31, 1929. During the late depression years (from 1938 to July 1940), a new two-story passenger terminal building was constructed by the Works Progress Administration. On March 17, 1941 the airport was renamed General Mitchell Field after Milwaukee's military airpower advocate, Brigadier General William "Billy" Mitchell. [6] On January 4, 1945, Mitchell Field was leased to the War Department for use as a World War II prisoner-of-war camp. Over 3,000 prisoners and 250 enlisted men stayed at the work camp. Escaped German prisoners were often surprised to find a large German American population just beyond the fence. [7] The present terminal opened on July 20, 1955 and was designed by Leigh Fisher and Associates. [8] It was renovated and expanded in 1985, designed by Miller, Meier, Kenyon, Cooper Architects and Planners Inc. [9] The "hammerhead" section of the D concourse was added in 1990. On June 19, 1986 the Milwaukee County Board of Supervisors renamed the airport General Mitchell International Airport. [6]

Milwaukee County, Wisconsin County in the United States

Milwaukee County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2010 census, the population was 947,735 and was estimated to be 951,448 in 2016. It is the most populous county in Wisconsin and the 45th most populous in the United States. Its county seat is Milwaukee, which is also the most populous city in the state. The county was created in 1834 as part of Michigan Territory and organized the following year.

Charles Lindbergh American aviator, author, inventor, explorer, and social activist

Charles Augustus Lindbergh was an American aviator, military officer, author, inventor, explorer, and environmental activist. At age 25 in 1927, he went from obscurity as a U.S. Air Mail pilot to instantaneous world fame by winning the Orteig Prize: making a nonstop flight from Roosevelt Field, Long Island, New York, to Paris, France. Lindbergh covered the ​33 12-hour, 3,600-statute-mile (5,800 km) flight alone in a single-engine purpose-built Ryan monoplane, the Spirit of St. Louis.

Lake Michigan one of the Great Lakes of North America

Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America and the only one located entirely within the United States. The other four Great Lakes are shared by the U.S. and Canada. It is the second-largest of the Great Lakes by volume and the third-largest by surface area, after Lake Superior and Lake Huron. To the east, its basin is conjoined with that of Lake Huron through the wide Straits of Mackinac, giving it the same surface elevation as its easterly counterpart; the two are technically a single lake.

The airport was formerly a hub for AirTran Airways, Frontier Airlines and Midwest Airlines. On December 28, 2014, the airport became a focus city for Southwest Airlines, after finalizing their merger with AirTran Airways.

AirTran Airways, most commonly stylized as airTran, was an American low-cost airline that was originally headquartered in Orlando, Florida and ceased operation following its acquisition by Southwest Airlines.

Frontier Airlines is an American ultra low-cost carrier headquartered in Denver, Colorado. The eighth-largest commercial airline in the US, Frontier Airlines operates flights to over 100 destinations throughout the United States and six international destinations, and employs more than 3,000 air-travel professionals. The carrier is a subsidiary and operating brand of Indigo Partners, LLC, and maintains a hub at Denver International Airport with numerous focus cities across the US. In August 2018, Frontier began connecting passengers with Mexican low-cost carrier Volaris under a codeshare agreement.

Midwest Airlines 1984-2010 airline in the United States

Midwest Airlines was a U.S.-based airline and, for a short time, an operating brand of Republic Airways Holdings based in Oak Creek, Wisconsin, operating from Milwaukee's General Mitchell International Airport. On April 13, 2010, parent company Republic announced that Midwest Airlines and Frontier Airlines would merge, with the Midwest brand disappearing in late 2011.

The airport is owned and operated by Milwaukee County, but some Milwaukee business leaders and politicians have advocated privatization or leasing it to a third party for financial reasons. [10]

Privatization can mean different things including moving something from the public sector into the private sector. It is also sometimes used as a synonym for deregulation when a heavily regulated private company or industry becomes less regulated. Government functions and services may also be privatized; in this case, private entities are tasked with the implementation of government programs or performance of government services that had previously been the purview of state-run agencies. Some examples include revenue collection, law enforcement, and prison management.

Awards and recognition

In October 2008 a Condé Nast Traveler poll ranked Milwaukee County's General Mitchell International Airport fourth in the nation using categories of Location and Access, Design, Customs and Baggage, Perceived Safety and Security, as well as Food, Shops and Amenities.[ citation needed ]

<i>Condé Nast Traveler</i> American travel magazine, first published 1987

Condé Nast Traveler is a luxury and lifestyle travel magazine published by Condé Nast. The magazine has won 25 National Magazine Awards.

Expansion

Mitchell International expanded the runway safety area at the end of the runways after an accident on January 21, 2007, when Northwest Airlines Flight 1726 skidded off the runway following an aborted takeoff. According to the FAA, most airports are encouraged to have a runway safety area no shorter than 1,000 feet (305 m), though many airports do not. Construction of the runway safety areas began at the end of summer 2009 and was completed in fall 2012.

There is also a "Master Plan" idea to increase terminal area by stretching the existing terminal (in some cases, to almost double the size) or begin construction of a separate terminal. Nearly all cases would involve major reconstruction on the airport itself, and would have a huge impact on the airport's traffic. [11] These plans were, however, drafted before Mitchell saw a significant reduction in carriers and flights. More recently, in 2012, there have been discussions of closing one concourse as a cost-cutting move. [12]

The approved 2018 Milwaukee County Budget contains initial funding for replacement of the now-closed Concourse E with a new International Terminal. It will replace the current International Arrivals Terminal (IAT) which has limited capacity and is not connected to the main terminal building. [13] The new terminal is planned to open in 2020 after the demolition of Concourse E is completed. [14] During October 2018, airport and Milwaukee County officials set a timeline for design, construction and completion of the new International terminal. Pre-design work and bidding is set to conclude in November of 2018, with construction set to begin in early 2020 and likely concluding in mid-2021. [15]

Facilities and operations

General Mitchell International Airport covers 2,180 acres (880 ha) and has five asphalt and concrete runways ranging from 4,183 to 9,990 ft (1,463 to 3,045 m). A helipad measuring 100 by 100 ft (30 x 30m) is on the south side of the airport property. The 07R/25L runway has an overpass with Howell Avenue (WI-38) running underneath. For the year ending June 30, 2018, the airport had 112,932 aircraft operations, an average of 309 per day: 56% commercial airline, 32% air taxi, 10% general aviation and 2% military. In January 2019, there were 95 aircraft based at this airport: 33 single-engine, 27 multi-engine, 25 jet and 10 various military aircraft. [1] The main building houses the Mitchell Gallery of Flight, a non-profit museum on the concession level, the usual retail outlets, including a small food court and a branch of Renaissance Books which is believed to be the world's first used book store in an airport. [16] In 2015 the airport added three lactation stations not associated with restrooms for breastfeeding. There are also play areas for children throughout the airport. [17] An observation lot along the northern edge of the airport is open to the public and tower communications are rebroadcast using a low-power FM transmitter for visitors to tune in on their car radios. There is also a new lot on 6th Street, with a Wisconsin historical marker giving the airport's history. [18] In 2008, then airport director Barry Bateman jokingly designated an area in Concourse C following security checkpoint the "Recombobulation Area". All the airport’s concourses now have signs marking "Recombobulation Areas" with chairs where travelers can get their belongings back together after passing through security. The reception by travelers has been positive. [19] [17]

Terminal

General Mitchell International Airport has 38 gates of which 31 are equipped with jet bridges on two concourses in one terminal. All international arrivals lacking border preclearance must pass through the International Arrivals Building.

In April 2017, all airlines housed in Concourse E began moving to Concourse C. This would allow the airport to remodel the concourse and move International Arrivals processing into the terminal. Following redevelopment of Concourse E, the current International Arrivals Building just north of the main terminals will close. [20]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinationsRefs
Air Canada Express Toronto–Pearson [21]
Alaska Airlines Seattle/Tacoma [22]
Allegiant Air St. Petersburg/Clearwater
Seasonal: Orlando/Sanford, Phoenix/Mesa, Punta Gorda (FL)
[23]
American Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth, Phoenix–Sky Harbor [24]
American Eagle Charlotte, Chicago–O’Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Philadelphia [24]
Apple Vacations Seasonal: Cancún, Cozumel, Los Cabos, Montego Bay, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana [25] [26]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Salt Lake City (resumes April 2, 2019), [27] Seattle/Tacoma (resumes May 1, 2019) [28]
Seasonal: Cancún
[29]
Delta Connection Boston, Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–LaGuardia, Salt Lake City (ends April 1, 2019), [27] Seattle/Tacoma (ends April 30, 2019) [28]
Seasonal: Orlando
[29]
Frontier Airlines Denver, Fort Myers, Las Vegas, Orlando, Tampa
Seasonal: Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Raleigh/Durham, San Diego
[30]
Southwest Airlines Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Cleveland, Dallas–Love, Denver, Fort Myers, Houston–Hobby, Kansas City, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Nashville, New York–LaGuardia, Orlando, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, St. Louis, Tampa, Washington–National
Seasonal: Cancún (resumes March 9, 2019), [31] Fort Lauderdale, San Diego, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma (resumes August 10, 2019) [32]
[33]
United Airlines Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Newark [34]
United Express Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark [34]
Volaris Seasonal: Guadalajara [35]

Cargo

Cargo Ramp - Mitchell International Airport Mitchell International Airport Cargo Ramp.jpg
Cargo Ramp – Mitchell International Airport
AirlinesDestinationsRefs
AirNet Systems Chicago–Midway, Green Bay, St. Paul–Downtown
Berry Aviation Chicago–Executive
DHL Aviation Cincinnati, Winnipeg
FedEx Express Appleton, Chicago O’Hare, Indianapolis, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul
FedEx Feeder Escanaba, Houghton, Iron Mountain, Marquette, Rhinelander, Chicago–Midway
Freight Runners Express Appleton, Green Bay, Madison, Middleton, Mineral Point, Mosinee, Oshkosh, Peoria, Rhinelander, Rochester (MN), West Chicago, Wisconsin Dells
Martinaire Iron Mountain, Ironwood
Pro Aire Cargo Rhinelander
Royal Air Freight Pontiac
UPS Airlines Louisville
Seasonal: Minneapolis/St. Paul
[36]

Statistics

Airline market share

Largest Airlines at Milwaukee (Nov 2017 – Oct 2018) [37]
RankAirlinePassengersShare
1 Southwest Airlines 2,922,00042.72%
2 Delta Air Lines 1,294,00018.91%
3 SkyWest Airlines 514,0007.51%
4 Frontier Airlines 511,0007.47%
5 American Airlines 418,0006.11%
6Other1,182,00017.28%

Top destinations

Busiest domestic routes from MKE (Nov 2017 Oct 2018) [37]
RankAirportPassengersCarriers
1 Atlanta, Georgia 406,450Delta, Southwest
2 Denver, Colorado 270,870Frontier, Southwest, United
3 Minneapolis/St Paul, Minnesota 226,040Delta
4 Phoenix, Arizona 208,550American, Frontier, Southwest
5 Orlando, Florida 195,640Delta, Frontier, Southwest
6 Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois 190,120American, United
7 Las Vegas, Nevada 164,830Frontier, Southwest
8 Detroit, Michigan 160,030Delta
9 New York–LaGuardia, New York 156,930Delta, Southwest
10 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 139,340American, Frontier

Annual traffic

Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at MKE, 1944 through 2017 [38]
YearPassengersYearPassengersYearPassengersYearPassengers
1960752,07919803,295,50920006,076,628
1961683,50319813,117,88320015,600,060
1962723,72519823,285,88420025,589,127
1963777,38219832,923,64120036,142,124
194437,4421964847,95819842,573,23920046,661,105
1945105,0581965966,07019853,062,95420057,268,000
1946171,67219661,079,48419863,384,66420067,299,294
1947187,67219671,378,39419873,570,34020077,712,535
1948190,37119681,622,53219884,029,74620087,956,968
1949225,31219691,711,77719894,308,29520097,935,124
1950235,06919701,766,80219904,488,30420109,848,377
1951279,22619711,947,44219914,114,05120119,522,456
1952322,18019721,917,25219924,422,08920127,515,070
1953389,39719732,041,45419934,521,87220136,525,181
1954458,81619742,143,07119945,179,87220146,554,152
1955521,72719752,241,74519955,221,70520156,549,353
1956580,65719762,556,72019965,452,64520166,757,357
1957673,92719772,803,13819975,598,97120176,922,130
1958683,80319782,991,75019985,535,921
1959748,01019793,460,44119995,825,670

Military presence

The airport also hosts the General Mitchell Air National Guard Base on the eastern area of the airport property, home to the 128th Air Refueling Wing (128 ARW), an Air Mobility Command (AMC)-gained unit of the Wisconsin Air National Guard flying the KC-135R Stratotanker. The wing performs both Federal and State missions and consists of approximately 1000 Air National Guard personnel, both full-time Active Guard and Reserve (AGR) and Air Reserve Technicians (ART), as well as traditional part-time guardsmen, available for worldwide deployment in support of Air Mobility Command and combatant commander tasking. The wing also maintains a KC-135 flight simulator, providing training proficiency for its own crews, as well as other KC-135 flight crews in other air refueling wings and air mobility wings in the Regular U.S. Air Force, the Air Force Reserve Command and the Air National Guard.

Prior to 2007, a second military installation on the southwestern portion of the airport property was known as "General Mitchell Air Reserve Station" and was home to the 440th Airlift Wing (440 AW), an Air Mobility Command (AMC)-gained unit of the Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) flying the C-130H Hercules. While based at General Mitchell ARS, the 440 AW numbered in excess of 1500 full-time AGR, ART and part-time traditional reservists. Pursuant to 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission (BRAC) action, the 440 AW relocated to Pope AFB, North Carolina, in 2007 and the former AFRC facilities were turned over to the Air National Guard, resulting in the installation's renaming.

Ground transportation

The Milwaukee Airport Rail Station provides service to Milwaukee as well as Chicago. Milwaukee Airport Rail Station.jpg
The Milwaukee Airport Rail Station provides service to Milwaukee as well as Chicago.

Accidents and incidents

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References

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates  public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/ .

  1. 1 2 3 FAA Airport Master Record for MKE ( Form 5010 PDF ), effective January 3, 2019.
  2. "Air Traffic Report". General Mitchell International Airport. January 2017. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
  3. "NPIAS Report 2019-2023 Appendix A" (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration . October 3, 2018. Retrieved October 12, 2018.
  4. "Mitchell Offers Delay-Weary Chicago Travelers Timely Alternative". Mitchell Memo. Mitchell International Airport. September 2004.
  5. "Threaded Extremes". Threadex.rcc-acis.org. Retrieved 2017-06-26.
  6. 1 2 "Historic Markers – General Mitchell Field WI221". Milwaukee County Historical Society. 1978. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved October 4, 2006.
  7. Cowley, Betty (2002). Stalag Wisconsin: Inside WW II prisoner-of-war camps. Oregon, Wisconsin: Badger Books. ISBN   1-878569-83-X. OCLC   48998212.
  8. "Here's the Program". Milwaukee Journal . July 21, 1955. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
  9. Jesen, Dean (July 25, 1985). "Airport Terminal to Open Sunday". The Milwaukee Sentinel . Retrieved June 16, 2012.
  10. Kirchen, Rich (September 21, 2008). "Lubar: Sell Airport to Eliminate Milwaukee County Deficit". Milwaukee Business Journal. Bizjournals.com. Retrieved October 9, 2009.
  11. "Master Plan Update". General Mitchell International Airport. July 28, 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 26, 2012. Retrieved February 11, 2008.
  12. "Mitchell proposes closing one concourse". Milwaukee Business Journal. October 5, 2012. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
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Further reading