George Bush Intercontinental Airport

Last updated

George Bush Intercontinental Airport
Houston airports logo blue.png
IAH BVA.jpg
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/Operator Houston Airport System
Serves Greater Houston
Location Houston, Texas, U.S.
OpenedJune 8, 1969;55 years ago (1969-06-08)
Hub for United Airlines
Operating base for Spirit Airlines
Time zone CST (UTC−06:00)
  Summer (DST)CDT (UTC−05:00)
Elevation  AMSL 30 m / 97 ft
Coordinates 29°59′04″N095°20′29″W / 29.98444°N 95.34139°W / 29.98444; -95.34139
Website www.fly2houston.com/iah
Maps
IAH Diagram.pdf
FAA airport diagram
George Bush Intercontinental Airport
Runways
Direction LengthSurface
mft
15L/33R3,65812,001 Concrete
15R/33L3,04810,000Concrete
9/273,04810,000Concrete
8L/26R2,7439,000Concrete
8R/26L2,8669,402Concrete
Statistics (2023)
Passengers46,192,499
Aircraft operations422,003
Sources: Fly2Houston.com [1] and Federal Aviation Administration [2]

George Bush Intercontinental Airport( IATA : IAH, ICAO : KIAH, FAA LID : IAH) [3] is an international airport in Houston, Texas, United States, serving the Greater Houston metropolitan area. Initially named Houston Intercontinental Airport upon its opening in 1969, it was renamed in honor of George H. W. Bush, the 41st president of the United States and a resident of Houston, in 1997. [4] It is also commonly called Houston International Airport or George Bush International Airport.

Contents

Located about 23 miles (37 km) north of Downtown Houston [3] between Interstate 45 and Interstate 69/U.S. Highway 59 with direct access to the Hardy Toll Road expressway, George Bush Intercontinental Airport has scheduled flights to a large number of domestic and international destinations covering five continents. It is the busiest airport in Texas for international passenger traffic and a number of international destinations, the second-busiest airport in Texas as of 2021 and the 15th busiest in the United States for total passenger traffic as of 2022

IAH covers 10,000 acres (40 km2) of land and has five runways. [2] [5] Houston Intercontinental is one of the largest passenger hubs for United Airlines [6] and formerly also served as a hub for defunct Continental Airlines and Texas International Airlines.

History

20th century

George Bush Intercontinental Airport's air traffic control tower in December 2006 IAH 3.jpg
George Bush Intercontinental Airport's air traffic control tower in December 2006

A group of Houston businessmen purchased the site for Bush Intercontinental Airport in 1957 to preserve it until the city of Houston could formulate a plan for a new airport as a replacement for William P. Hobby Airport (at the time known as Houston International Airport). The holding company for the land was named the Jet Era Ranch Corporation, but a typographical error transformed the words "Jet Era" into "Jetero" and the airport site subsequently became known as the Jetero airport site. Although the name Jetero was no longer used in official planning documents after 1961, the airport's eastern entrance was named Jetero Boulevard. Most of Jetero Boulevard was later renamed Will Clayton Parkway.

The City of Houston annexed the Intercontinental Airport area in 1965. This annexation, along with the 1965 annexations of the Bayport area, the Fondren Road area, and an area west of Sharpstown, resulted in a gain of 51,251 acres (20,741 ha) of land for the city limits. [7]

Houston Intercontinental Airport, which was the original name for the airport, opened in June 1969. [4] The airport's IATA code of IAH derived from the stylization of the airport's name as "Intercontinental Airport of Houston." [8] [9] All scheduled passenger airline service formerly operated from William P. Hobby Airport moved to Intercontinental upon the airport's completion. Hobby remained open as a general aviation airport and was once again used for scheduled passenger airline jet service two years later when Southwest Airlines initiated intrastate airline service nonstop between Hobby and Dallas Love Field in 1971. [10]

In the late 1980s, Houston City Council considered a plan to rename the airport after Mickey Leland—an African-American U.S. Congressman who died in an aviation accident in Ethiopia. Instead of renaming the whole airport, the city named Mickey Leland International Arrivals Building, which would later become Mickey Leland Terminal D, after the congressman. In April 1997, Houston City Council unanimously voted to rename the airport George Bush Intercontinental Airport/Houston, after George H. W. Bush, the 41st president of the United States. [4] [11] The name change took effect on May 2, 1997. [12]

On August 28, 1990, Continental Airlines agreed to build its maintenance center at George Bush Intercontinental Airport; Continental agreed to do so because the city of Houston agreed to provide city-owned land near the airport. [13]

At the time of the opening of IAH in 1969, domestic scheduled passenger airline flights were being operated by American Airlines, Braniff International Airways, Continental Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Eastern Air Lines, National Airlines and Houston-based Texas International Airlines, which had formerly operated as Trans-Texas Airways. [14] International flights at this time were being flown by Pan American World Airways with ten nonstop flights a week operated with Boeing 707 jetliners to Mexico City; KLM Royal Dutch Airlines operating Douglas DC-8 jets four days a week to Amsterdam via an intermediate stop in Montreal; Braniff International with Boeing 727 services several times a week to Panama City, Panama; and Aeronaves de Mexico (now Aeroméxico) flying Douglas DC-9 jets to Monterrey, Guadalajara, Puerto Vallarta, Acapulco and Mexico City several days a week. [15] [16] [17] [18] Texas International was also operating direct services to Mexico at this time with Douglas DC-9 jets to Monterrey and Convair 600 turboprop flights to Tampico and Veracruz. [19]

KLM introduced Boeing 747 services in 1971 and by 1974 Air France was operating four nonstop Boeing 747 flights a week to both Paris and Mexico City. [20] [21] Also in 1974, Continental, Pan Am, and National were operating McDonnell Douglas DC-10 wide body jetliners into IAH while Delta was flying Lockheed L-1011 TriStar wide body jets with both types being operated on respective domestic routes from the airport by these airlines; with National also operating Boeing 747s on a Miami–Houston–Los Angeles routing. [22]

By the late 1970s, Cayman Airways had begun nonstop flights between Grand Cayman in the Caribbean and Intercontinental with BAC One-Eleven jets. [23] Cayman Airways served the airport for many years, operating a variety of aircraft including Boeing 727-200, Boeing 737-200, Boeing 737-300, Boeing 737-400 and Douglas DC-8 jetliners into IAH in addition to the BAC One-Eleven. [24] In 1977, British Caledonian, commenced nonstop flights between London's Gatwick Airport and Houston with Boeing 707 service, and later with DC-10 and Boeing 747-200 service. [25] British Airways continued operating the route, when in December 1987, BA took over B-Cal increasing its frequency on the route to double-daily.

By July 1983, the number of domestic and international air carriers serving Intercontinental had grown substantially. American, Continental, Delta and Eastern had been joined by Piedmont Airlines, Southwest Airlines, TWA, United Airlines, USAir and Western Airlines. [26] Western was operating daily McDonnell Douglas DC-10 wide body jet services nonstop to Salt Lake City at this time, with this flight also offering one-stop services to Anchorage, Alaska. [27] International services were being operated by Air Canada, Aviateca, British Caledonian Airways, Continental Airlines, Eastern Air Lines, SAHSA, South African Airways, TACA, TWA and Viasa in addition to Pan Am, KLM, Air France, Aeroméxico and Cayman Airways. [28] Several commuter and regional airlines were also operating passenger services at this time from IAH including Emerald Air (operating as Pan Am Express), Metro Airlines, Rio Airways and Royale Airlines. [26] Metro Airlines was operating "cross-town" shuttle services with de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter turboprops with up to seventeen round trip flights a day between IAH and the Clear Lake City STOLport located near the NASA Johnson Space Center and also up to nine round trip flights a day between the airport and Sugar Land Regional Airport as well as other flights to regional destinations in Texas and Louisiana. [26] In addition, at this same time the airport had scheduled helicopter airline services operated by Executive Helicopters with Bell 206L LongRanger helicopters to four Houston-area heliports with up to 36 round trip flights a day. [26]

21st century

Runways 33L and 33R at George Bush International Airport IAH George Bush Intercontinental Airport.jpg
Runways 33L and 33R at George Bush International Airport
A typical lineup at Terminal D with Lufthansa, Air France, British Airways, and KLM aircraft Iah d lineup.jpg
A typical lineup at Terminal D with Lufthansa, Air France, British Airways, and KLM aircraft

Since Houston was not an approved gateway for U.S. to London Heathrow flights under the Bermuda II Agreement, Continental Airlines, and British Airways flew their London services to Gatwick Airport. British Airways, keen to allow its passengers access to connections at its larger Heathrow Airport hub, subsequently flew various routings from Houston to Heathrow, via a gateway approved technical stop, allowing its Houston originating flights to land at Heathrow. While keeping a daily Houston–Gatwick flight, British Airways operated a flight from Houston to Heathrow via Washington-Dulles, with the technical stop being later changed to Chicago-O'Hare and finally to Detroit. In March 2008, the Bermuda II agreement was replaced with the EU–US Open Skies Agreement, allowing Continental Airlines and British Airways to switch its London services from Houston to Heathrow Airport that summer. [29] Gate BA presently operates double-daily flights to London's Heathrow Airport with Boeing 777 and Boeing 787 service. [30]

As of 2007, Terminals A and B remain from the airport's original design. Lewis W. Cutrer Terminal C opened in 1981, the Mickey Leland International Arrivals Building (now called Terminal D) opened in May 1990, and the new Terminal E partially opened on June 3, 2003. The rest of Terminal E opened on January 7, 2004. Terminal D is the arrival point for all international flights except for United flights, which use Terminal E. Flights from Canada on Air Canada and WestJet arrive in terminal A. Terminal D also held customs and INS until the opening of the new Federal Inspection Service (FIS) building, completed on January 25, 2005. [31]

On January 7, 2009, a Continental Airlines Boeing 737-800 departing Bush Intercontinental was the first U.S. commercial jet to fly on a mix of conventional jet fuel and biofuel. [32] [33]

In December 2009, the Houston City Council approved a plan to allow Midway Cos. to develop 10 acres (4.0 ha) of land owned by Houston Airport System (HAS) on the grounds of Bush Airport. Midway planned to develop a travel center for the airport's rental car facility. The city dictated the developer needed to place a convenience store and gas station facility, a flight information board, a fast casual restaurant, and a sit-down restaurant in the development. Beyond the required buildings, the developer planned to add an office facility of between 20,000 and 40,000 square feet (1,900 and 3,700 m2) and additional retail space. [34]

In 2011, United Airlines began Boeing 777-200ER services to Lagos, Nigeria; this was the airport's first nonstop flight to the African continent. In May 2016, United ended the Houston–Lagos service citing the inability to repatriate revenue sold locally in Nigerian currency. [35] South African Airways previously operated nonstop Boeing 747SP services in 1983 between Houston and Amilcar Cabral International Airport in the Cape Verde islands off the coast of Africa as a refueling stop for its flights between Houston and Johannesburg, South Africa. [36] [37] Continental was also planning to commence nonstop Boeing 787 services to Auckland in New Zealand but these plans were canceled as a reaction to new international flights at Hobby Airport announced by Southwest Airlines. [38] United — which acquired Continental and had fully integrated it into the United brand by early 2012 — had postponed the introduction of this service owing to delays associated with the Boeing 787 Dreamliner. [39] Its 787s were put to use on other international routes, however, including Houston–London and United's then-new Houston–Lagos nonstop flights. The Houston–Auckland nonstop route was then begun by Air New Zealand using a Boeing 777-200ER. In 2014, United added a second daily flight to Tokyo and new routes to Munich, Germany; Santiago, Chile; and Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, and it restarted the Aruba route, which had been canceled in 2012.

In August 2012, Lufthansa switched its daily Houston–Frankfurt route to an Airbus A380 from a Boeing 747-400, making Houston the first airport in Texas to receive A380 service. In addition, Lufthansa has also operated the Boeing 747-8 on the route. Dubai-based carrier Emirates has also operated the A380 on the Dubai-Houston route.

IAH became the first airport in North America to have nonstop flights to every inhabited continent in 2017, with the addition of Air New Zealand, but lost this claim when Atlas Air ended its nonstop flight to Luanda. The airport regained this status in December 2019 when Ethiopian Airlines launched service to Lomé in Togo and Addis Ababa in Ethiopia. [40]

On September 7, 2017, United announced the launch of flights from Houston to Sydney, using a 787-9. The Houston–Sydney service, at 8,596 miles (13,834 km), is currently United's longest nonstop route. Additionally, it surpassed Emirates' Dubai route as the longest flight at IAH. [41]

In January 2019, Ethiopian Airlines became the latest international carrier to announce new service, three-times weekly, to Addis Ababa. The route will be Addis Ababa–Lome–Houston, and the airline is replacing its Los Angeles gateway for Houston. The route will be serviced using the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and will be the city's only gateway to Africa after service to Lagos, Nigeria, was canceled by United Airlines. Service was supposed to begin in June 2019, but was delayed until December 2019. Service began on December 16, 2019. Ethiopian Airlines has since discontinued the route. [40]

In October 2020, Southwest Airlines announced it would return to Bush airport for the first time since it stopped serving the airport in 2005. Service began in April 2021 with five nonstop destinations, augmenting the several dozen destinations it serves from Hobby airport. [42] In 2024, however, Southwest suspended the service to Bush airport once again.

On July 20, 2022, Spirit Airlines crew base plans were cleared. It was also announced that Spirit will bring 500 new jobs to the Houston Area. They added Bush airport as their tenth crew base and Focus city. [43]

In 2020, George Bush Intercontinental Airport began undergoing a $1.3 billion capital improvement program called the IAH Terminal Redevelopment Program (ITRP). [44] The flagship project of this program is the construction of the Mickey Leland International Terminal (MLIT), which will consolidate what is today Terminal D and Terminal E into one centralized terminal including a shared ticketing, departure, and arrival hall. [45] Terminal D will be extensively refurbished with a new concourse, Pier D West, being constructed. [46] The ITRP should be complete by late 2024 or early 2025. Future expansion plans call for a Central D and East D pier to be built as passenger numbers grow, with the full project being capable of handling 33 million enplaned international passengers annually. [44]

Facilities

Terminals

Terminal A Terminal A.jpg
Terminal A

George Bush Intercontinental Airport has five terminals and 121 total gates. [47] The Skyway automated people mover system provides airside connections between all five terminals. [48] The Subway provides landside connections between the five terminals and the airport hotel. [49] Terminals D & E have access to an international arrivals facility, and Terminal D has gates to support super jumbo jets including the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747-8. [50]

Ground transportation

From Downtown Houston one can travel to George Bush Intercontinental by taking Interstate 69/U.S. Route 59 (Eastex Freeway) to Beltway 8 or to Will Clayton Parkway, and access the airport from either road. From Downtown one could also take Interstate 45 (North Freeway), connect to Beltway 8, and enter the airport from the Beltway. [51] The Hardy Toll Road has an exit from the north or south to the airport.

The Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas, or METRO, offers bus services available at the south side of Terminal C. The 102 Bush IAH Express serves the airport. Previously, METRO also operated an express bus service known as Airport Direct, launched in the summer of 2008, which traveled from Downtown Houston to Terminal C via the HOV lane of the Eastex Freeway (I-69)/(US 59). [52] [53] [54] In 2010, in an effort to increase ridership and maximize revenue, METRO reduced the fare of Airport Direct and closed a dedicated passenger plaza for the service in Downtown Houston; instead, the bus stopped at several downtown hotels. [55] The fare each way was reduced from $15 to $4.50. The fare change increased ridership levels but reduced cash flow. METRO consistently provided the service at an operational loss. [56] However, in the summer of 2011, METRO announced it was discontinuing the Airport Direct service, while the Route 102 local service (which serves the greater Greenspoint business and residential district before traveling on I-45 to access downtown) continued to operate. [57]

As of 2016 the Taiwanese airline EVA Air operates a shuttle bus service from Bush IAH to Richardson in the Dallas-Fort Worth area so DFW based customers may fly on its services to and from Houston. [58] Previously China Airlines, also a Taiwanese carrier, provided a shuttle bus service to Sugar Land and the Southwest Houston Chinatown. [59] It ended in 2008 when China Airlines ended its Houston passenger service. [60]

Carriers provide scheduled bus and shuttle services to locations from IAH to NRG Park/NRG Astrodome, Downtown Houston, Uptown, Greenway Plaza, the Texas Medical Center, hotels in the Westchase and Energy Corridor business districts, the city of College Station and William P. Hobby Airport. Super Shuttle uses shared vans to provide services from George Bush Intercontinental Airport to the surrounding communities. [52]

Artwork

Flag posts of G7 member countries plus the European Union titled "Light Spikes" located outside the airport entrance FlagPosts.JPG
Flag posts of G7 member countries plus the European Union titled "Light Spikes" located outside the airport entrance

Ed Carpenter's "Light Wings", a multicolored glass sculpture suspended below a skylight, adorns the Terminal A North Concourse. [61] In Terminal A, South Concourse stands Terry Allen's "Countree Music." Allen's piece is a cast bronze tree that plays instrumental music by Joe Ely and David Byrne, though the music is normally turned off. The corridor leading to Terminal A displays Leamon Green's "Passing Through," a 200-foot (61 m) etched glass wall depicting airport travelers. [62]

The elevators in Terminal B are cased in stainless steel accordion shaped structures designed by Rachel Hecker. [63] The corridor leading to Terminal B has Dixie Friend Gay's "Houston Bayou." This work is composed of an 8 ft × 75 ft (2.4 m × 22.9 m) Byzantine glass mosaic mural depicting scenes from Houston's bayous and wetlands, several bronze animals embedded in the floor, and five mosaic columns.

"Lights Spikes," designed by Jay Baker, was created for the 1990 G7 Summit when it was hosted by President George H. W. Bush in Houston. The sculpture was relocated to the airport outside E Terminal after the meetings, from its original location in front of the George R. Brown Convention Center. The columns lean at a ten-degree angle toward a central point that represents Houston. The distance between each "spike" and this point is relative to the distance between Houston and the capitals of the countries the flags represent. The countries represented are the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Japan, Canada, Italy and Germany, as well as the European community. [64] The airport has a display of lighted modern sculptures between terminals C and D. [51]

Radiant Fountains , LED-illuminated towers on JFK Boulevard, is the most prominent sculpture around the airport. [65]

Other facilities

The airport houses an on-site hotel, a Marriott, between Terminals B and C and is accessible via the landside inter-terminal train which runs every 3 minutes from 3:30 am to 12:30 am every day. The hotel has 573 rooms, one restaurant and bar, a concierge lounge, a coffee shop, health club, sundry shop and a conference center. [66]

A VOR station, identified as IAH, is located on the airport property, south of runway 33L. [67]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinationsRefs
Aeroméxico Mexico City [68]
Aeroméxico Connect Mexico City, Mexico City–AIFA [69]
Air Canada Montréal–Trudeau, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver [70]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle [71]
Air New Zealand Auckland [72]
Alaska Airlines Seattle/Tacoma [73]
All Nippon Airways Tokyo–Haneda [74]
American Airlines Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor [75]
American Eagle Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami, Phoenix–Sky Harbor [75]
Avianca El Salvador San Salvador [76]
British Airways London–Heathrow [77]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Detroit, Los Angeles, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–LaGuardia, Salt Lake City [78]
Emirates Dubai–International [79]
EVA Air Taipei–Taoyuan [80]
Frontier Airlines Atlanta, Charlotte (ends April 21, 2025), [81] Chicago–Midway, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, Ontario, Orlando
Seasonal: Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Raleigh/Durham, Tampa (begins March 6, 2025) [82]
[83]
JetBlue Boston, New York–JFK (ends June 12, 2025) [84] [85]
KLM Amsterdam [86]
Lufthansa Frankfurt [87]
Qatar Airways Doha [88]
Singapore Airlines Manchester (UK), Singapore (both end April 1, 2025) [89] [90]
Spirit Airlines Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, Newark, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Orlando, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, San Diego, San Juan, Tampa [91]
Turkish Airlines Istanbul [92]
United Airlines Albuquerque, Amsterdam, Aruba, Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Belize City, Bogotá, Bonaire, Boston, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Calgary, Cancún, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus–Glenn, Cozumel, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Des Moines, Detroit, Edmonton (resumes May 22, 2025), [93] Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Frankfurt, Georgetown–Cheddi Jagan, [94] Grand Cayman, Greenville/Spartanburg, Guadalajara, Guatemala City, Havana, Honolulu, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Las Vegas, León/Del Bajío, Liberia (CR), Lima, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Louisville, Managua, McAllen, Medellín–JMC, [95] Memphis, Mérida, Mexico City, Miami, Midland/Odessa, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montego Bay, Monterrey, Munich, Nashville, Nassau, Newark, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Norfolk, Omaha, Orange County, Orlando, Panama City–Tocumen, Pensacola, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pittsburgh, Portland (OR), Port of Spain, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Querétaro, Quito, Raleigh/Durham, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, Roatán, Sacramento, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San José (CR), San José del Cabo, San Juan, San Pedro Sula, San Salvador, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Seattle/Tacoma, St. Louis, Tampa, Tegucigalpa/Comayagua, Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson, Tulsa, Tulum, [96] Veracruz, Washington–Dulles, Washington–National
Seasonal: Anchorage, Charleston (SC), Eagle/Vail, Hayden/Steamboat Springs, Jackson Hole, Key West, Oklahoma City, Ontario, Palm Springs, Providenciales, Reno/Tahoe, Richmond, San Luis Potosí, Santiago de Chile, St. Thomas, Sydney, Tampico, Tucson, Vancouver, West Palm Beach
[97]
United Express Aguascalientes, Albuquerque, Amarillo, Atlanta, Austin, Baton Rouge, Birmingham (AL), Brownsville/South Padre Island, Charleston (SC), Charlotte, Cincinnati, Colorado Springs, Columbia (SC), Columbus–Glenn, Corpus Christi, Dallas/Fort Worth, Des Moines, Detroit, El Paso, Fayetteville/Bentonville, Grand Rapids, Greenville/Spartanburg, Guadalajara, Gulfport/Biloxi, Harlingen, Hattiesburg/Laurel (MS), Havana, Hobbs, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Jackson (MS), Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Knoxville, Lafayette, Lake Charles, Laredo, León/Del Bajío, Little Rock, Louisville, Lubbock, Manzanillo, McAllen, Memphis, Meridian (MS), Midland/Odessa, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Mobile–Regional, Monterrey, Morelia, Nashville, Nassau, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Oaxaca, Oklahoma City, Ontario, Panama City (FL), Pensacola, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pittsburgh, Puebla, Puerto Escondido (begins April 5, 2025), [98] Querétaro, Raleigh/Durham, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Luis Potosí, Sarasota, Savannah, Shreveport, Springfield/Branson, St. Louis, Tampico, Tucson, Tulsa, Victoria (TX), Washington–National, Wichita
Seasonal: Acapulco, Aspen, Bozeman, Cleveland, Durango (CO), Glacier Park/Kalispell, Gunnison/Crested Butte, Key West, Mazatlán, Montrose, Omaha, Palm Springs, Portland (ME) (begins June 28, 2025), [99] Richmond, Santa Fe, Traverse City
[97]
Viva León/Del Bajío, Mexico City, Monterrey
Seasonal: Guadalajara, Querétaro
[100]
Volaris Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey (begins March 30, 2025) [101] [102]
Volaris El Salvador San Salvador [102]
WestJet Calgary [103]
Zipair Tokyo Tokyo–Narita (begins March 5, 2025) [104] [105]

Cargo

AirlinesDestinationsRefs
AeroLogic Frankfurt, Toronto–Pearson [106]
Air France Cargo Mexico City–AIFA, Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Amazon Air Baltimore, Cincinnati, Miami, Portland (OR), Riverside/March Air Base
Ameristar Air Cargo Laredo, Minneapolis/St. Paul
Atlas Air Anchorage, Atlanta, Chicago/Rockford, Cincinnati, Denver, Detroit, Lakeland, Louisville, Mexico City–AIFA, Montgomery, Seoul–Incheon [107]
Baron Aviation Services College Station
CAL Cargo Air Lines Atlanta, Liège [108]
Cargolux Atlanta, Dallas/Fort Worth, Glasgow–Prestwick, Guadalajara, Luxembourg, Mexico City–AIFA, Miami, New York–JFK
Cathay Cargo Anchorage, Dallas/Fort Worth, Hong Kong, Miami
China Airlines Cargo Anchorage, Chicago–O'Hare, Miami
DHL Aviation Cincinnati, Huntsville, New Orleans
Emirates SkyCargo Amsterdam, Brussels, Copenhagen, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Mexico City–AIFA, Zaragoza
FedEx Express El Paso, Fort Worth/Alliance, Indianapolis, Memphis, New Orleans
Kalitta Air Miami
Lufthansa Cargo Frankfurt, Toronto–Pearson
Martinaire Addison, San Antonio
Qatar Cargo Doha, Liège, Luxembourg, Macau, Mexico City–AIFA
Turkish Cargo Istanbul, Madrid, Miami [109]
UPS Airlines Austin, Chicago/Rockford, Dallas/Fort Worth, Louisville, Ontario, San Antonio

Statistics

Top destinations

Busiest Domestic Routes from IAH (January 2023 – December 2023) [110]
RankCityPassengersCarriers
1 Los Angeles, California 799,000American, Spirit, United
2 Denver, Colorado 793,000Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, United
3 Atlanta, Georgia 709,000Delta, Spirit, United
4 Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois 668,000American, Spirit, United
5 Las Vegas, Nevada 627,000Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, United
6 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 607,000American, United, Frontier, Spirit
7 Orlando, Florida 580,000Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, United
8 Newark, New Jersey 571,000Spirit, United
9 San Francisco, California 554,000United
10 New York–LaGuardia, New York 462,000American, Delta, Spirit, United
Busiest International Routes from IAH (January 2023 – December 2023) [111]
RankCityPassengersCarriers
1 Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico City, Mexico 888,909Aeroméxico, United, Viva Aerobus, Volaris
2 Flag of Mexico.svg Cancún, Mexico 838,138Frontier, Spirit, Sun Country, United
3 Flag of El Salvador.svg San Salvador, El Salvador 775,279Avianca El Salvador, Spirit, United, Volaris El Salvador
4 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg London–Heathrow, United Kingdom 506,698British Airways, United
5 Flag of Mexico.svg Monterrey, Mexico 463,065Spirit, United, Viva Aerobus
6 Flag of Germany.svg Frankfurt, Germany 363,478Lufthansa, United
7 Flag of Guatemala.svg Guatemala City, Guatemala 344,208Spirit, United
8 Flag of Mexico.svg Guadalajara, Mexico 328,830United, Viva Aerobus, Volaris
9 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Calgary, Canada 303,679United, WestJet
10 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Toronto–Pearson, Canada 289,238Air Canada, United

Airline market share

Largest airlines at IAH
(January 2023 - December 2023)
[112]
RankAirlinePassengersShare
1 United Airlines 33,387,75072.28%
2 Spirit Airlines 2,931,0046.35%
3 American Airlines 2,179,1924.72%
4 Delta Air Lines 1,967,7654.26%
5 Southwest Airlines 1,189,0752.57%
6Other Airlines4,537,7139.82%

Annual traffic

Annual passenger traffic at IAH airport. See Wikidata query.
Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at IAH, 2002–Present [113]
YearPassengers % ChangeYearPassengers % ChangeYearPassengers % Change
200233,913,759201239,890,756Decrease2.svg0.7%202240,979,422Increase2.svg21.7%
200334,208,217Increase2.svg0.9%201339,799,414Decrease2.svg0.2%202346,192,499Increase2.svg12.7%
200436,513,098Increase2.svg6.7%201441,257,384Increase2.svg3.7%
200539,716,583Increase2.svg8.8%201543,023,224Increase2.svg4.3%
200642,550,432Increase2.svg7.1%201641,692,372Decrease2.svg3.1%
200742,998,040Increase2.svg1.1%201740,372,190Decrease2.svg2.3%
200841,708,580Decrease2.svg3.0%201843,807,720Increase2.svg7.6%
200940,007,354Decrease2.svg4.1%201945,276,595Increase2.svg3.4%
201040,479,569Increase2.svg1.2%202018,217,426Decrease2.svg59.8%
201140,187,442Decrease2.svg0.7%202133,677,118Increase2.svg84.9%

Accidents and incidents

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William P. Hobby Airport — colloquially referred to as Houston Hobby or other short names — is an international airport in Houston, Texas, located 7 mi (11 km) from downtown Houston. Hobby is Houston's oldest commercial airport, and was its primary airport until the Houston Intercontinental Airport, now known as the George Bush Intercontinental Airport, opened in 1969. Hobby was initially closed after the opening of Houston Intercontinental; however, it was re-opened after several years, and became a secondary airport for domestic airline service, and a center for corporate and private aviation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Owen Roberts International Airport</span> Airport in Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands

Owen Roberts International Airport is an airport serving Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands. It is the main international airport for the Cayman Islands as well as the main base for Cayman Airways. The airport is named after British Royal Air Force (RAF) Wing Commander Owen Roberts, a pioneer of commercial aviation in the country, and is one of the two entrance ports to the Cayman Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport</span> Airport in Potter County, Texas

Rick Husband Amarillo International Airport is a public airport six miles (10 km) east of downtown Amarillo, in Potter County, Texas, United States. The airport was renamed in 2003 after NASA astronaut and Amarillo native Rick Husband, who died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster in February of that year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corpus Christi International Airport</span> Airport in Corpus Christi, Texas, United States

Corpus Christi International Airport is 6 miles west of Corpus Christi, in Nueces County, Texas. It opened in 1960, replacing Cliff Maus airport at 27.767°N 97.44°W, where the Lozano Golf Center is now located.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">McAllen Miller International Airport</span> Airport in McAllen, Texas, United States

McAllen International Airport is an international airport serving McAllen, Mission and the surrounding Lower Rio Grande Valley region of Texas in the United States. It is located within the City of McAllen in Hidalgo County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Valley International Airport</span> Airport in Harlingen, Texas

Valley International Airport (VIA) is owned by the city of Harlingen, in Cameron County, Texas, United States. It is operated by a nine-member airport board appointed by the mayor. HRL is centrally located in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) and is referred to as the "Gateway to South Padre Island"with travel amenities and door to door transportation to South Padre Island. With over 2,500 acres (1,000 ha) HRL is the largest airport in the RGV with room for future expansion. HRL has the longest runways in the area with modern aircraft approach systems that minimize chances of delays during bad weather.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lubbock Preston Smith International Airport</span> Airport in Lubbock County, Texas

Lubbock Preston Smith International Airport is five miles north of Lubbock, in Lubbock County, Texas, United States. Originally Lubbock International Airport, it was renamed in 2004 for former Texas governor Preston E. Smith, an alumnus of Texas Tech University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lafayette Regional Airport</span> Airport in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana

Lafayette Regional Airport(French: Aéroport régional de Lafayette) is a public use airport two miles (4 km) southeast of Lafayette, in Lafayette Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is owned and operated by the City Parish of Lafayette.

Jack Brooks Regional Airport, formerly Southeast Texas Regional Airport, is near Port Arthur, Texas, nine miles (14 km) southeast of Beaumont and northeast of Port Arthur. It was Jefferson County Airport, but its name was changed to honor former U.S. Representative Jack Brooks. The airport is southwest of the city of Nederland in unincorporated Jefferson County, and is used for general aviation. Southwest Airlines ended scheduled jet service in 1980 and several other airlines have started and ended service as well including American Eagle, Continental, Delta/Delta Connection and United Express. The latest chapter is the resumption of service by American Eagle for American Airlines to Dallas/Ft. Worth (DFW).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philip S. W. Goldson International Airport</span> Primary airport of Belize

Philip S. W. Goldson International Airport is an airport that serves the nation of Belize's largest city, Belize City along the eastern coast of Central America. It was named after politician Philip S. W. Goldson, who died in 2001. The airport is at an elevation of 5 m (16 ft), which means both the airport and the entirety of Belize City are at risk of serious flooding due to its low elevation and coastal location. For this reason, Belize's capital has been moved to Belmopan, but the airport remains the largest and busiest in the country. With stable passenger growth, Philip S. W. Goldson International Airport is currently the fifth busiest airport in Central America. Belize Airport covers 457 acres of land and has one runway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tyler Pounds Regional Airport</span> Airport

Tyler Pounds Regional Airport is a city-owned, public-use airport located 3 mi (4.8 km) west of Tyler, in Smith County, Texas, United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gunnison–Crested Butte Regional Airport</span> Airport in Colorado, United States

Gunnison–Crested Butte Regional Airport is a county-owned, public airport one mile southwest of Gunnison, in Gunnison County, Colorado, United States. Also known as Gunnison County Airport, it serves the valley and nearby Crested Butte, Colorado, with airline and general aviation flights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lake Charles Regional Airport</span> Airport

Lake Charles Regional Airport is a public use airport located five nautical miles (9 km) south of the central business district of Lake Charles, a city in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, United States. Owned by Calcasieu Parish, the airport serves approximately 375,000 people in the Lake Charles – Jennings combined statistical area.

Del Rio International Airport is two miles northwest of Del Rio, in Val Verde County, Texas, United States. It is used for general aviation, and, being near Laughlin Air Force Base, it is often used by USAF students during training flights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victoria Regional Airport</span> Airport

Victoria Regional Airport is a county-owned, public-use airport located five nautical miles northeast of the central business district of Victoria, a city in Victoria County, Texas, United States. It is mostly used for military and general aviation, but is also served by one commercial airline with this scheduled passenger service being subsidized by the federal Essential Air Service (EAS) program.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brownsville/South Padre Island International Airport</span> Airport in Brownsville, Texas, United States

Brownsville/South Padre Island International Airport is 5 mi east of downtown Brownsville, Cameron County, in the U.S. state of Texas.

Angelina County Airport is a county-owned, public-use airport in Angelina County, Texas, United States. The airport is located seven nautical miles (13 km) southwest of the central business district of Lufkin, Texas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texas Gulf Coast Regional Airport</span> Airport in Angleton, Texas

Texas Gulf Coast Regional Airport, previously known as Brazoria County Airport, is a county-owned public-use airport in unincorporated Brazoria County, Texas, United States, in Greater Houston, located 4 miles (6.4 km) southwest of the central business district of Angleton and north of Lake Jackson.

Emerald Air was an airline headquartered in Austin, Texas, United States. Founded by William Ford and Richard Martel It was formerly known as Emerald Valley Airlines which in 1981 was flying wholly within the state of Texas with scheduled passenger service to Austin, Houston, McAllen and San Antonio. Emerald Airlines' brief history is marked by arrangements to feed connecting flights into both passenger airlines and cargo airlines much larger route systems. The airline also independently operated scheduled passenger flights within the state of Texas during the mid-1980s with Douglas DC-9-10 jet and Fairchild Hiller FH-227 turboprop aircraft and briefly served Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and later Wichita, Kansas and Omaha, Nebraska as well.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Mueller Municipal Airport</span> Former airport of Austin, Texas, United States (1930–1999)

Robert Mueller Municipal Airport was the first civilian airport built in Austin, Texas, United States. It was located a few miles northeast of downtown Austin. It was replaced as Greater Austin's main airport by the Austin–Bergstrom International Airport, which is located on the site of the former Bergstrom Air Force Base. The airport was named after Robert Mueller, a city commissioner who died in office in January 1927. Robert Mueller Municipal Airport was identified with the airport code AUS, which was reassigned to Austin–Bergstrom International Airport in 1999.

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