Star Alliance

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Star Alliance
Logo of Star Alliance.svg
Launch date14 May 1997;27 years ago (1997-05-14)
Full members25
Non-voting members40 affiliates
Destination airports1,294 [1]
Destination countries195 [1]
Annual passengers (M)762 million [1]
Annual RPK (G)1,739 [1]
Fleet size5,033 [1]
Headquarters Frankfurt, Germany [2]
Management
Alliance sloganTogether. Better. Connected.
Website staralliance.com

Star Alliance is an airline alliance headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany. [5] Founded on 14 May 1997, it was the world's first global airline alliance. [1] As of April 2024, it is also the world's largest airline alliance by market share, holding 17.4%, compared to 13.7% for SkyTeam and 11.9% for Oneworld. [6]

Contents

Star Alliance has 25 member airlines that operate a combined fleet of over 5,000 aircraft, serving more than 1,290 airports in 195 countries on more than 19,000 daily departures. The alliance has a two-tier rewards program, Silver and Gold, with incentives including priority boarding and upgrades. Like other airline alliances, Star Alliance airlines share airport terminals (known as co-locations), and many member planes are painted in the alliance's livery.

History

The Star Alliance is Born May 1997.jpeg
"The Star Alliance is Born" – airliners of the five founding members (United Airlines, Scandinavian Airlines, Thai Airways International, Air Canada and Lufthansa) of the alliance gathered together, May 1997

1997–1999: Founding and early years

On May 14, 1997, an agreement forming the Star Alliance was announced with five airlines across three continents: United Airlines, Scandinavian Airlines, Thai Airways International, Air Canada, and Lufthansa. [7] [8] The alliance chose Young & Rubicam for advertising, with a budget of $25 million (€18 million). [9] The airlines shared the star logo from the beginning, with its five points representing the founding airlines. The alliance adopted its first slogan, "The Airline Network for Earth", [7] with its goal being "an alliance that will take passengers to every major city on Earth". [8]

The now defunct Brazilian airline VARIG joined Star Alliance [7] [10] on 22 October 1997, extending the alliance into South America. Also joining were Ansett Australia and Air New Zealand, expanding Star Alliance to Australia and the Pacific. [11] With the addition of the latter two carriers, the alliance served 720 destinations in 110 countries with a combined fleet of 1,650 aircraft. The next airline to join the alliance is Japan's All Nippon Airways on 15 October 1999, making it the second Asian airline in the alliance. [12] [13]

2000s: Expansion and first decade

During the early 2000s, a number of airlines joined Star Alliance; the Austrian Airlines Group (Austrian Airlines, Tyrolean Airways and Lauda Air) joined on 26 March 2000 [14] [15] and Singapore Airlines on 1 April. [16] BMI (British Midland) and Mexicana joined on 1 July, bringing the alliance's membership to 13. [17] With Singapore Airlines' entry into the alliance, Thai Airways considered moving to OneWorld, but eventually decided to remain. [18] The addition of BMI made London Heathrow the only European hub with two alliances. During the year, Emirates considered joining Star Alliance, but decided against it. [19] That year the now-defunct BWIA West Indies Airways, which had entered an alliance with United Airlines, considered becoming a member but did not. [20] In 2000, the alliance also opened its first three business centers (in Los Angeles, Frankfurt, and Bangkok) and announced the formation of an Alliance Management Team (AMT), the partnership's executive body. [21] In September 2001, Ansett Australia (the alliance's only Australian member) left Star Alliance due to bankruptcy, giving most of the Australian market to Qantas (a Oneworld member). That year, Star Alliance announced the appointment of a new CEO, Jaan Albrecht. [21]

Partner airlines promoted the Star Alliance brand with a ‘Round the World’ ticket (RWT) that offered choices of 19,000, 21,000, and 23,000 miles with stopovers of 15 cities valid for one year. [22]

Asiana Airlines joined the alliance on March 1, 2003, [23] Spanair on May 1, 2003, [24] followed by LOT Polish Airlines (Poland's flag carrier) joining in October. [25] Around this time, Mexicana Airlines left the alliance after deciding not to renew a codeshare agreement with United Airlines, later joining Oneworld. [21] US Airways joined the alliance in May 2004, [26] becoming its second US-based airline. In November Adria Airways, Blue1 and Croatia Airlines joined the alliance as its first three regional members. [27]

Although Star Alliance invited Lineas Aereas Azteca in 2005 to join in mid-2007, the airline filed for bankruptcy. TAP Air Portugal joined on 14 March 2005, adding African destinations to the network. [28] [29] In April 2006, Swiss International Air Lines, the alliance's sixth European airline, and South African Airways (its first African carrier) became the 17th and 18th members. [30]

By May 2007, Star Alliance's 10th anniversary, its members had a combined 16,000 daily departures to 855 destinations in 155 countries and served 406 million passengers annually. The alliance introduced Biosphere Connections, a partnership with UNESCO, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands to promote environmental sustainability. [31] [32]

Today, nearly 30% of global air travellers use the services of our member carriers or, looking at it from an overall industry perspective, two-thirds of worldwide air travellers use one of the three airline alliances.

Jaan Albrecht, former Star Alliance CEO [33]

VARIG left the alliance on 31 January 2007, [34] and the two Chinese airlines, Air China and Shanghai Airlines, joined on 12 December. [35]

On 1 April 2008, Turkish Airlines joined the alliance after a 15-month integration process beginning in December 2006, becoming its 20th member. [36] EgyptAir, Egypt's national airline and Star Alliance's second African carrier, joined on 11 July 2008. [37]

On 27 October 2009, Continental Airlines became the 25th member of Star Alliance after leaving SkyTeam three days earlier. According to alliance CEO Jaan Albrecht, "Bringing Continental Airlines into Star Alliance has been a truly unique experience. This is the first time an airline has moved directly from one alliance to another, and I would like to thank all those involved in ensuring a smooth switch". At the time, it was rumored that the switch was Continental's first move in a planned merger with United Airlines. [38] Two months later, Brussels Airlines joined the alliance. [39]

2010s: Further expansion and second decade of operations

Four members of Star Alliance at Tokyo Narita Airport: Thai, United, Swiss and SAS Star Alliance tails at Tokyo Narita Airport - Thai, United, Swiss and SAS.jpg
Four members of Star Alliance at Tokyo Narita Airport: Thai, United, Swiss and SAS

Brazilian carrier TAM Airlines joined Star Alliance on 13 May 2010, [40] increasing its foothold in South America. [41] Aegean Airlines, Greece's largest airline by number of passengers, joined on 30 June. [42]

Shanghai Airlines left the alliance on 31 October 2010 when it merged with China Eastern Airlines, a SkyTeam member. [43] On 29 September, the chief executive board approved Ethiopian Airlines as Star Alliance's 30th member, though Ethiopian did not officially join the alliance until December of the following year. [44] [45] In 2010 the alliance flew to 1,172 airports in 181 countries, with about 21,200 daily departures. [44]

Since 2011, the alliance has gained several large members, but it has lost others due to collapse or mergers. On 13 December 2011, Ethiopian Airlines joined, adding five countries and 24 destinations to the alliance's map. [46]

2012 and 2013 were tumultuous years for Star Alliance, starting with two key departures but ending with a major move into Latin America. In Europe, Spanair ceased operations, and BMI left after being acquired by International Airlines Group (IAG), the parent company of Oneworld members Iberia and British Airways. BMI was integrated into British Airways. [47] [48] In North America, Continental merged with United Airlines, reducing Star Alliance's membership further, even if it effectively remained in the alliance after the merger. [49] On 21 June, though, Avianca, TACA Airlines and Copa Airlines joined, massively increasing the alliance's Latin American presence. [50] In November, Blue1 left after becoming an affiliate of parent Scandinavian Airlines. [51] and Shenzhen Airlines joined, augmenting Air China's Chinese network. [52] Taiwanese carrier EVA Air then joined on 18 June 2013, and after TACA's integration into Avianca, the alliance grew to 28 members, making it the largest of the three major airline alliances. [53] [54] On 13 December, Air India was again invited to begin an integration process with Star Alliance and joined the alliance on 11 July 2014. [55]

Following this string of expansions, 2014 opened with two major departures through mergers. First, Brazilian carrier TAM Airlines merged with LAN Airlines to become LATAM Airlines Group, leaving the alliance without a presence in the world's fifth-largest country. [56] Next, US Airways completed its merger with American Airlines and also left the alliance. [57] Both parent companies stayed with Oneworld. On 24 June, though, the alliance finally approved Air India, which joined on 11 July, leaving the alliance at 27 members. [58] [59] [60] [61]

Future expansion centers around the addition of Connecting Partners, subsidiaries or partners of alliance members which will add connectivity to the alliance without becoming full members. Avianca Brasil joined in this way on 22 July 2015, bringing the alliance back into the Brazilian market and partially filling the void left by TAM. [62] South African Airways' low-cost subsidiary, Mango, was initially announced to join as a Connecting Partner in Q3 2016, [63] but has since been delayed. Juneyao Airlines, which codeshares with Shenzhen Airlines, joined as a Connecting Partner on 23 May 2017. [64] [65] [66] On 20 August 2019, Star Alliance announced affiliate member Avianca Brasil's exit from the alliance from 1 September 2019. The departure, however, won't affect Avianca's membership. [67] [68] On 30 September 2019, Adria Airways ceased operations, and the airline exited the alliance on 2 October 2019. [69]

2020s: 25th anniversary and restructuring of several member airlines

The now-defunct regional subsidiary of Thai Airways, Thai Smile joined as a Connecting Partner in February 2020. [70] In January 2024, the Thai Smile brand was discontinued and folded into the parent airline as a result of the reorganization of Thai Airways International following bankruptcy. [71]

On 16 November 2020, Asiana Airlines announced their plans to exit the alliance. [72] Asiana will merge with Korean Air, the South Korean Government confirmed, in a $1.6 billion acquisition by the SkyTeam member. [73] After the US Department of Justice approved the merger in December 2024, the merger was completed and Asiana Airlines became a subsidiary of Korean Air. No date was given when the airline will depart Star Alliance. [74]

In 2022, Lufthansa Group announced plans to buy a 41% stake in ITA Airways, a SkyTeam member. [75] The European Commission approved the group's purchase of ITA's 41% stake in July 2024. [76] ITA would join Star Alliance in 2026 or 2027. [77]

On October 2023, as a part of the restructuring of Scandinavian Airlines' parent company SAS Group, Air France-KLM, along with the Government of Denmark and two financial firms announced plans to invest in Scandinavian Airlines. In March 2024, US Bankruptcy Court approved the investment along with Stockholm District Court in 12 June 2024 and European Commission on 28 June 2024. As a result of the investment, Scandinavian Airlines left Star Alliance on 31 August 2024 and joined SkyTeam in 1 September 2024. [78] [79] [80]

Member airlines and affiliates

C-FITU@PEK (20190609153626).jpg
D-AIXK Lufthansa A350-900 MUC "Karlsruhe".jpg
SE-RSE@PEK (20220216122604).jpg
HS-THH@PEK (20180820153254).jpg
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Air Canada, Lufthansa, Scandinavian Airlines, Thai Airways International, and United Airlines are the 5 founding members of the alliance.

Members and affiliates

Member [81] JoinedMember Affiliates
Flag of Greece.svg Aegean Airlines 30 June 2010 Flag of Greece.svg Olympic Air
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Canada [A] 14 May 1997 Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Canada Express [C]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Canada Rouge
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Air China 12 December 2007 Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Air China Inner Mongolia
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Beijing Airlines
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Dalian Airlines
Flag of India.svg Air India 11 July 2014 Flag of India.svg Air India Express
Flag of New Zealand.svg Air New Zealand 3 May 1999
Flag of Japan.svg All Nippon Airways 15 October 1999 Flag of Japan.svg Air Japan
Flag of Japan.svg ANA Wings
Flag of South Korea.svg Asiana Airlines 28 March 2003 Flag of South Korea.svg Air Busan
Flag of South Korea.svg Air Seoul
Flag of Austria.svg Austrian Airlines 26 March 2000
Flag of Colombia.svg Avianca 21 June 2012 Flag of Costa Rica.svg Avianca Costa Rica
Flag of Ecuador.svg Avianca Ecuador
Flag of El Salvador.svg Avianca El Salvador
Flag of Guatemala.svg Avianca Guatemala
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Brussels Airlines 9 December 2009
Flag of Panama.svg Copa Airlines 21 June 2012 Flag of Colombia.svg Copa Airlines Colombia
Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia Airlines 18 November 2004
Flag of Egypt.svg Egyptair 11 July 2008
Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopian Airlines 13 December 2011
Flag of the Republic of China.svg EVA Air 18 June 2013 Flag of the Republic of China.svg UNI Air
Flag of Poland.svg LOT Polish Airlines 26 October 2003
Flag of Germany.svg Lufthansa [A] 14 May 1997 Flag of Italy.svg Air Dolomiti
Flag of Germany.svg Lufthansa CityLine
Flag of Germany.svg Lufthansa City Airlines
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Shenzhen Airlines 29 November 2012
Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore Airlines 1 April 2000
Flag of Singapore.svg Scoot
Flag of South Africa.svg South African Airways 10 April 2006
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Swiss International Air Lines 1 April 2006 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Edelweiss Air
Flag of Portugal.svg TAP Air Portugal 14 March 2005 Flag of Portugal.svg TAP Express [E]
Flag of Thailand.svg Thai Airways International [A] 14 May 1997
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkish Airlines 1 April 2008
Flag of the United States.svg United Airlines [A] 14 May 1997 Flag of the United States.svg United Express [F]

AFounding member.
BAffiliate is a wholly owned subsidiary that operates flights for its parent company (the member) under a different name.
CAffiliate is a majority owned subsidiary of its parent company (the member) under a different name.
D Air Canada Express flights are operated by Jazz Aviation and PAL Airlines.
E TAP Express flights are operated by Portugália Airlines.
F United Express flights are operated by CommuteAir, GoJet Airlines, Mesa Airlines, Republic Airways and SkyWest Airlines.

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ATH
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YUL
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YYZ
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YVR
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PEK
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PKX
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CTU
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DEL
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AKL
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HND
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NRT
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ICN
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VIE
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BOG
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BRU
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PTY
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ZAG
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CAI
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ADD
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TPE
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WAW
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FRA
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MUC
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SZX
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SIN
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JNB
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ZRH
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LIS
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BKK
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IST
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DEN
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GUM
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ORD
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IAH
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LAX
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EWR
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SFO
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IAD
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BOM
Star Alliance members hubs

Connecting Partners

Connecting PartnerJoinedAffiliates
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Juneyao Air [64] 23 May 2017

Intermodal partners

Since August 2022, the German railway provider Deutsche Bahn has been the first intermodal partner of the Star Alliance, whose airlines have been able to assign their own flight numbers for trains. [82] [83]

Former members

Former memberJoinedExitedAffiliatesNotes
Flag of Slovenia.svg Adria Airways 18 November 200430 September 2019 Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Darwin Airline Ceased operations on 30 September 2019.
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Ansett Australia 3 May 199912 September 2001 Flag of Australia (converted).svg Aeropelican Air Services
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Hazelton Airlines
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Kendell Airlines
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Skywest Airlines
Flag of New Zealand.svg Ansett New Zealand
Suffered financial collapse on 12 September 2001. [84] Ansett resumed operations on 1 October 2001, but would permanently cease operations on 4 March 2002. In 2002, Hazelton and Kendell merged to become Rex Airlines.
Flag of Finland.svg Blue1 3 November 20041 November 2012Left the alliance on 1 November 2012 after SAS took over mainline operations, was a member affiliate of Scandinavian Airlines, and is now a part of CityJet. [51] [85]
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg British Midland International 1 July 200020 April 2012 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg BMI Regional
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Bmibaby
Merged into British Airways, an International Airlines Group division and a Oneworld member, on 20 April 2012. [47]
Flag of the United States.svg Continental Airlines 27 October 20093 March 2012 Flag of the United States.svg Continental Connection
Flag of the United States.svg Continental Express
Flag of Guam.svg Continental Micronesia
Merged with United Airlines on 3 March 2012. [86]
Flag of Mexico.svg Mexicana 1 July 200031 March 2004 Flag of Mexico.svg Aerocaribe Left the alliance in 2004 after deciding not to renew a codeshare alliance with United Airlines, opting instead to codeshare with American Airlines and then joined Oneworld in 2009. Ceased operations on 28 August 2010. [87]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Shanghai Airlines 12 December 200731 October 2010 Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China United Airlines Acquired by China Eastern Airlines, a SkyTeam member, on 31 October 2010. [88]
Flag of Spain.svg Spanair 1 May 200327 January 2012 Flag of Spain.svg AeBal Ceased operations on 27 January 2012. [89]
Flag of Denmark.svg
Flag of Norway.svg Scandinavian Airlines
Flag of Sweden.svg
14 May 199731 August 2024 Flag of Ireland.svg SAS Connect Founding member; acquired by Air France–KLM, two SkyTeam members. [90]
Flag of El Salvador.svg TACA Airlines 21 June 201227 May 2013 Flag of El Salvador.svg TACA Regional Merged with Avianca on 27 May 2013; renamed Avianca El Salvador.
Flag of Brazil.svg TAM Airlines 13 May 201030 March 2014 Flag of Paraguay.svg TAM Paraguay Merged with LAN Airlines, a Oneworld member, on 30 March 2014.
Flag of the United States.svg US Airways 4 May 200430 March 2014 Flag of the United States.svg US Airways Express
Flag of the United States.svg US Airways Shuttle
Flag of the United States.svg MetroJet
Merged with American Airlines, a Oneworld member, on 30 March 2014. [91]
Flag of Brazil.svg VARIG 22 October 199731 January 2007 Flag of Brazil.svg Nordeste
Flag of Brazil.svg Rio Sul
Flag of Uruguay.svg PLUNA
Ceased operations on 20 July 2006. [34]

Former affiliates of current members

MemberFormer affiliateJoinedExitedNotes
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Canada Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Alliance
1997
1999
Folded into Air Canada Express [92]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air BC
1997
2001
Folded into Air Canada Express [92]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Canada Tango
2001
2004
Folded into Air Canada. [93]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Nova
1997
2001
Folded into Air Canada Express [92]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Ontario
1997
2001
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Zip
2002
2004
Folded into Air Canada. [94]
Flag of India.svg Air India Flag of India.svg AIX Connect
2022
2024
Folded into Air India Express.
Flag of India.svg Alliance Air
2014
2022
Formerly Air India Regional. From 15 April 2022, no longer part of Air India after its divestment and an independent Business unit under the Government of India. Thus no longer a member of Star Alliance.
Flag of India.svg Vistara
2013
2024
Merged with Air India.
Flag of New Zealand.svg Air New Zealand Flag of New Zealand.svg Air Nelson
1999
2019
Folded into Air New Zealand.
Flag of New Zealand.svg Mount Cook Airlines
1999
2019
Flag of Japan.svg All Nippon Airways Flag of Japan.svg Air Next
2004
2010
Merged with ANA Wings [95]
Flag of Japan.svg Air Nippon
1999
2012
Flag of Colombia.svg Avianca Flag of Brazil.svg Avianca Brasil
2015
2019
Ceased operations after filing for bankruptcy protection.
Flag of Peru.svg Avianca Perú
2012
2020
Ceased operations when Avianca filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy amid the COVID-19 pandemic. [96]
Flag of Austria.svg Austrian Airlines Flag of Austria.svg Lauda Air
2000
2013
Replaced by Austrian Airlines operations, now known as Austrian myHoliday. [97]
Flag of Austria.svg Tyrolean Airways
2000
2015
Folded into Austrian Airlines [98]
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Brussels Airlines Korongo Airlines
2009
2015
Folded into Brussels Airlines [99]
Flag of Egypt.svg EgyptAir Flag of Egypt.svg EgyptAir Express
2006
2019
Merged with EgyptAir
Flag of Poland.svg LOT Polish Airlines Flag of Poland.svg Centralwings
2004
2009
Folded into LOT Polish Airlines [100]
Flag of Germany.svg Lufthansa Flag of Italy.svg Lufthansa Italia
2009
2011
Folded into Lufthansa [101]
Flag of Denmark.svg Flag of Norway.svg Flag of Sweden.svg Scandinavian Airlines Flag of Finland.svg Blue1
2012
2015
Folded into Cityjet [51] [85]
Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore Airlines Flag of Singapore.svg Silkair
1989
2021
Folded into Singapore Airlines. Some routes transferred to Scoot. [102]
Flag of Singapore.svg Tigerair
2003
2017
Merged into Scoot. [103]
Flag of South Africa.svg South African Airways Flag of South Africa.svg South African Express
2006
2020
Folded into South African Airways.
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Swiss International Air Lines Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Swiss Global Air Lines
2007
2018
Folded into Swiss International Air Lines after being dissolved.
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Swiss Private Aviation
2007
2011
Absorbed into Swiss International Air Lines. [104]
Flag of Thailand.svg Thai Airways International Flag of Thailand.svg Thai Smile
2011
2024
Folded into Thai Airways [105]
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkish Airlines Flag of Turkey.svg AnadoluJet
2008
2024
Re-established as AJet.
Flag of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg Cyprus Turkish Airlines
2008
2010
Folded into Turkish Airlines [106]
Flag of the United States.svg United Airlines Flag of the United States.svg United Shuttle
1997
2001
Became part of United Airlines. [107]
Flag of the United States.svg TED
2004
2009
Folded into United Airlines. [108]

Customer services

Frequent flyer programs, Star Alliance Silver and Gold status

Status miles can be earned across all Star Alliance member airlines’ frequent flyer programs using a single frequent flyer card, allowing members to attain Star Alliance Silver status or progress to Gold status. Membership in any Star Alliance airline program grants full access to the entire Star Alliance network without the need to register with any additional program.

The more a customer flies on the Star Alliance network, the faster miles or points can be earned, which can be used redeem for a reward ticket or upgrade, along with several other rewards in specific airlines. Customers will have to provide their frequent flyer number when booking flights or when checking in whenever they fly with any Star Alliance member airline in eligible booking classes, for miles or points to be credited to their account.

The higher-tier status levels of each member airline’s frequent flyer programs are aligned with the two uniformly recognized Star Alliance status levels: Star Alliance Silver and Star Alliance Gold. These two status levels entitle special Star Alliance premium customer benefits and privileges. Several programs have premium statuses beyond Gold, but these statuses are still considered under Gold status within the overall Star Alliance network.

Star Alliance Silver grants customers within the frequent-flyer program access to priority reservations waitlist and priority airport stand-by. [109] [110] Star Alliance Gold is given to customers who have reached a higher level of a member airline's frequent-flyer program. Benefits are priority reservations waitlist, airport stand-by, check-in and baggage handling; an additional checked luggage allowance of 20 kilograms (44 lb) (or one extra piece, where the piece rule applies), and access to designated Star Alliance Gold lounges the day and place of departure with the presentation of a Star Alliance boarding pass. Some airlines also offer preferred seating (an exit seat or a special section of the plane); guaranteed seating on fully booked flights, subject to the booking class code and notice period, and free upgrades in the form of a voucher, certificate or automatic upgrade at check-in. United restricts US lounge access for their Gold Members to long-haul international passengers; Gold members from other carriers are welcome in US lounges run by United on all itineraries. [110]

It is possible to join multiple member airline frequent flyer programmes. However, as they are each managed separately, miles or points can neither be transferred between programs nor be consolidated into a single program. Therefore, using a single frequent flyer programme provides a faster path towards attaining Star Alliance Silver or Star Alliance Gold. [111] [110]

Frequent flyer program list by airline and Star Alliance status equivalents
AirlineFrequent flyer programStar Alliance Silver
equivalent status(es)
Star Alliance Gold
equivalent status(es)
Flag of Austria.svg Austrian Airlines Miles & More Frequent TravellerSenator
HON Circle
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Brussels Airlines
Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia Airlines
Flag of Poland.svg LOT Polish Airlines
Flag of Germany.svg Lufthansa
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Swiss International Air Lines
Flag of Greece.svg Aegean Airlines Miles+BonusMiles+Bonus SilverMiles+Bonus Gold
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Air Canada Aeroplan [112] 25K
35K
50K
75K
Super Elite 100K
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Air China PhoenixMiles SilverGold
Platinum
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Shenzhen Airlines
Flag of India.svg Air India Maharaja ClubSilverGold
Platinum [113]
Flag of New Zealand.svg Air New Zealand Airpoints SilverGold
Elite
Flag of Japan.svg All Nippon Airways ANA Mileage ClubBronzeSuper Flyers
Diamond
Platinum
Flag of South Korea.svg Asiana Airlines Asiana Club GoldDiamond
Diamond Plus
Platinum
Flag of Colombia.svg Avianca LifeMilesSilverGold
Diamond
Cenit
Flag of Panama.svg Copa Airlines ConnectMilesConnectMilesSilverGold
Platinum
Presidential Platinum
Flag of Egypt.svg Egyptair EgyptAir PlusSilverGold
Elite
Platinum
Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopian Airlines ShebaMilesSilverGold
Platinum
Flag of the Republic of China.svg EVA Air Infinity MileageLands SilverGold
Diamond
Flag of Denmark.svg Flag of Norway.svg Flag of Sweden.svg Scandinavian Airlines EuroBonus SilverGold
Diamond
Pandion
Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer Elite SilverElite Gold
PPS Club
Solitaire PPS Club
Flag of South Africa.svg South African Airways VoyagerSilverGold
Platinum
Flag of Portugal.svg TAP Air Portugal Miles&GoSilverGold
Navigator
Flag of Thailand.svg Thai Airways International Royal Orchid Plus SilverGold
Platinum
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkish Airlines Miles & SmilesClassic PlusElite
Elite Plus
Flag of the United States.svg United Airlines MileagePlus Premier SilverPremier Gold
Premier Platinum
Premier 1K
Global Services

Codeshares

The common use of codeshare agreements led to suspicions of anti-competitive behavior. The European Union suspected the alliance of operating as a virtual merger of its members, with speculation that, if regulations were relaxed, the members might merge into one corporation. [114]

In 2004, Star Alliance introduced a "regional" concept to expand its reach through smaller regional carriers. To join, these regional members needed sponsorship from an existing alliance member. The alliance no longer labels airlines as "regional" members, instead referring to all 27 airlines simply as "members." [115]

By 2007, alliance members were operating 18,521 daily flights to 1,321 airports in 193 countries, with a fleet of 4,025 aircraft. The members collectively transported 627.52 million passengers and generated revenue of US$156.8 billion (€145 billion), holding 28 percent of the global market based on revenue passenger kilometers (RPK). Together, the alliance's carriers employed over 405,000 pilots, flight attendants, and other staff.

Some Star Alliance members paint some of their aircraft with the alliance livery, usually a white fuselage with "Star Alliance" across it and a black tail fin with the alliance logo; the color or design of the engine cowlings or winglets remains, depending on the member's livery. Singapore Airlines and Air New Zealand were two exceptions: Singapore Airlines formerly kept its logo on the tails of its aircraft, but now uses the Star Alliance logo on white tails, while Air New Zealand now uses full black livery with reversed colored original Star Alliance livery elements. Asiana Airlines was the first Star Alliance member to paint its aircraft in the current Star Alliance livery. [116] Aircraft painted in an airline's regular livery have the Star Alliance logo between the cockpit and the first set of cabin doors, except double deck airliner like Boeing 747 and Airbus A380, which printed Star Alliance logo behind cockpit, and airliner with narrow space between the cockpit and the cabin door like the McDonnell Douglas DC-9\MD-80 and Comac ARJ21, which printed the Star Alliance logo under the cockpit or on the first cabin door.

Award and recognition

The Star Alliance is Born May 1997.jpeg
"The Star Alliance is Born" – airliners of the five founding members (United Airlines, Scandinavian Airlines, Thai Airways International, Air Canada and Lufthansa) of the alliance gathered together, May 1997

On 24 June 2024, Star Alliance was voted for two top awards by Skytrax; 2024World'sBest Airline Alliance and Best Airline Alliance Lounge. [117]

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Avianca S.A., is the largest airline in Colombia. It has been the flag carrier of Colombia since December 5, 1919, when it was initially registered under the name SCADTA. It is headquartered in Colombia, with its registered office in Barranquilla and its global headquarters in Bogotá and main hub at El Dorado International Airport. Avianca is the flagship of a group of airlines of the Americas, which operates as one airline using a codesharing system. Avianca is the largest airline in Colombia and second largest in South America, after LATAM of Chile. Avianca and its subsidiaries have the most extensive network of destinations in the Americas. Before the merger with TACA in 2010, it was wholly owned by Synergy Group, a South American holding company established by Germán Efromovich and specializing in air transport. It is listed on the Colombia Stock Exchange.

Royal Jordanian Airlines is the flag carrier of Jordan with its head office in the capital, Amman. The airline operates scheduled international services over four continents from its main base at Queen Alia International Airport, with over 500 flights per week and at least 110 daily departures. It joined the Oneworld airline alliance in 2007.

An airline alliance is an aviation industry arrangement between two or more airlines agreeing to cooperate on a substantial level. Alliances may provide marketing branding to facilitate travelers making inter-airline codeshare connections within countries. This branding may involve unified aircraft liveries of member aircraft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scandinavian Airlines</span> Flag carrier of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden

Scandinavian Airlines is the flag carrier airline of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. Short for Scandinavian Airlines System and legally referred to as Scandinavian Airlines System Denmark-Norway-Sweden, SAS is part of SAS Group and is headquartered in Solna, Sweden.

Swiss International Air Lines AG, stylized as SWISS, is the flag carrier of Switzerland and a subsidiary of the Lufthansa Group, as well as a Star Alliance member. It operates scheduled services in Europe and to North America, South America, Africa and Asia. Zurich Airport serves as its main hub and Geneva Airport as its secondary hub.

Japan Airlines (JAL) is the flag carrier of Japan. JAL is headquartered in Shinagawa, Tokyo. Its main hubs are Tokyo's Narita and Haneda airports, as well as Osaka's Kansai and Itami airports. The JAL group, which includes Japan Airlines, also comprises J-Air, Japan Air Commuter, Japan Transocean Air, Hokkaido Air System, and Ryukyu Air Commuter for domestic feeder services, and JAL Cargo for cargo and mail services.

All Nippon Airways Co., Ltd. is a Japanese airline headquartered in Minato, Tokyo. ANA operates services to both domestic and international destinations and is Japan's largest airline, ahead of its main rival flag carrier Japan Airlines. As of April 2023, the airline has approximately 12,800 employees. The airline joined as a Star Alliance member in October 1999.

US Airways was a major airline in the United States. It was originally founded in Pittsburgh as a mail delivery airline called All American Aviation, which soon became a commercial passenger airline. In 1953, it was renamed Allegheny Airlines and operated under that name for a quarter-century. In October 1979, after the passage of the Airline Deregulation Act, Allegheny Airlines changed its name to USAir. A decade later it had acquired Piedmont Airlines and Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA), and was one of the U.S.'s seven transcontinental legacy carriers. In 1997, it rebranded as US Airways.

Oneworld is a global airline alliance consisting of 15 member airlines. It was founded on 1 February 1999. The alliance's stated objective is to be the first choice airline alliance for the world's frequent international travellers. Its headquarters have been located in Fort Worth, Texas since December 2022.

Compañía Panameña de Aviación, S.A., branded as Copa Airlines, is the flag carrier of Panama. It is headquartered in Panama City, Panama, with its main hub at Tocumen International Airport. Copa is a subsidiary of Copa Holdings and a member of the Star Alliance. The airline is owned by Copa Holdings, which also owns Colombian airline AeroRepública, which operates under the brands Wingo and Copa Airlines Colombia.

Thai Airways International plc is the flag carrier airline of Thailand. Formed in 1961 as a joint venture between SAS and Thai Airways Company, the airline has its corporate headquarters in Vibhavadi Rangsit Road, Chatuchak district, Bangkok, and primarily operates from Suvarnabhumi Airport. THAI is a founding member of the Star Alliance. The airline is the second-largest shareholder of the low-cost carrier Nok Air with a 8.91 per cent stake (2021), and it launched a regional carrier under the name Thai Smile in the middle of 2012 using new Airbus A320 aircraft. In 2023, it was announced that Thai Smile would be merged back into Thai Airways.

Asiana Airlines Inc. is a South Korean airline headquartered in Seoul. The airline operates 90 international passenger routes, 14 domestic passenger routes and 27 cargo routes throughout Asia, Europe, and North America. In 2019, it accounted for 25% of South Korea's international aviation market and 20% of its domestic market. It maintains its international hub at Incheon International Airport and its domestic hub at Gimpo International Airport, both in Seoul.

SkyTeam is one of the world's three major airline alliances. Founded in June 2000, SkyTeam was the last of the three alliances to be formed, after Star Alliance and Oneworld. Its annual passenger count is 624 million customers (2024), the second largest of the three major alliances. As of October 2024, SkyTeam consists of 19 active carriers; it also operates a cargo alliance named SkyTeam Cargo, which partners with ten carriers, all SkyTeam members. Its centralised management team, SkyTeam Central, is based in Amstelveen, Netherlands.

Air France–KLM S.A., also known as Air France–KLM Group, is a French-Dutch multinational airline holding company with its headquarters in the rue du Cirque, Paris, France. The group’s three major brands are Air France, KLM and Transavia. Air France-KLM is the result of the merger in 2004 between Air France and KLM. Both Air France and KLM are members of the SkyTeam airline alliance. The group's main hubs are Paris–Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris Orly Airport and Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. Air France-KLM Airlines transported 83 million passengers in 2022.

SriLankan Airlines is the flag carrier of Sri Lanka and a member airline of the Oneworld airline alliance. It was launched in 1979 as Air Lanka following the termination of operations of the original Sri Lankan flag carrier Air Ceylon. As of April 2024, it is Sri Lanka's main airline by number of aircraft and destinations. Its hub is Bandaranaike International Airport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Etihad Airways</span> Flag carrier of the United Arab Emirates; based in Abu Dhabi

Etihad Airways is the national airline of the United Arab Emirates. Its head office is in Khalifa City, Abu Dhabi, near Zayed International Airport. The airline commenced operations in November 2003, and is the second-largest airline in the UAE after Emirates.

Aegean Airlines S.A. is the flag carrier of Greece and the largest Greek airline by total number of passengers carried, by number of destinations served, and by fleet size. A Star Alliance member since June 2010, it operates scheduled and charter services from Athens and Thessaloniki to other major Greek, European and Middle Eastern destinations. Its main hubs are Athens International Airport in Athens, Macedonia International Airport in Thessaloniki and Larnaca International Airport in Cyprus. It also uses other Greek airports as bases, some of which are seasonal. It has its head office in Kifisia, a suburb of Athens.

Oman Air is the flag carrier of Oman. Based at Muscat International Airport in Muscat, it operates domestic and international passenger services, as well as regional air taxi and charter flights.

Avianca Brasil S.A., officially Oceanair Linhas Aéreas S/A, was a Brazilian airline based in Congonhas Airport in São Paulo, Brazil. According to the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil (ANAC), which cancelled its operation, prior to cessation of operations, from January to December 2018 Avianca Brasil had 13.4% of the domestic and 7.3% of the international market share in terms of passengers per kilometer flown, making it the fourth-largest airline both in domestic and international traffic in Brazil. The company slots were redistributed by Anac. An auction on 10 July 2019 raised R$555.3 million, not enough to pay a debt of R$2.7 billion, although Avianca's bankruptcy was not officially decreed.

EuroBonus is the frequent-flyer program of Scandinavian Airlines. It was launched by SAS in 1992.

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