Gerald Ford 1976 presidential campaign

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Gerald Ford for President 1976
Ford Dole 1976 campaign logo.svg
Presidentford76.gif
Campaign 1976 Republican primaries
1976 U.S. presidential election
Candidate Gerald Ford
38th President of the United States
(1974–1977)
Bob Dole
U.S. Senator from Kansas
(1969–1996)
Affiliation Republican Party
StatusAnnounced: July 8, 1975
Official nominee: August 19, 1976
Lost election: November 2, 1976
Left office: January 20, 1977
Key people
SloganHe's making us proud again
Foam campaign hat Foam Campaign Top Hat With Stars and Stripes Motif with the Text "President Ford '76" - NARA - 28360676.jpg
Foam campaign hat

The 1976 presidential campaign of Gerald Ford was an unsuccessful election campaign for the 1976 United States presidential election by incumbent president Gerald Ford, who had taken office on August 9, 1974, upon the resignation of Richard Nixon. Ford and his running mate Senator Bob Dole were defeated by Democratic presidential nominee Jimmy Carter and vice presidential nominee Walter Mondale. Ford, a Republican president and former vice president under Nixon, launched his presidential bid on July 8, 1975, [1] and secured nomination for his election to a full term on August 19, 1976. He was challenged in the Republican primaries by former California governor Ronald Reagan from his campaign which was formally launched on November 20, 1975, received more than forty percent of the delegates in the Republican National Convention, but Ford got more votes than Reagan. Reagan would later be elected president in 1980. [2]

Contents

Ford's tenure marked America's fall into a dark period, with a stagnant economy and effects after the Vietnam War (or Vietnam syndrome). Ford pardoned Nixon in the Watergate scandal, which many people believe to be the reason for which Ford lost to his opponent Jimmy Carter in the 1976 presidential election. In the Republican primaries, Ford received 1,121 delegates while needing 1,130 votes to win. Ronald Reagan was one of those who stood in the way of Ford winning the nomination with Reagan receiving 1,078 delegates, this was one of the most controversial primaries ever, as well as the difference in votes of delegates and popular votes. [3]

However, Ford still received the Republican nomination on August 19, 1976, to face Democratic candidate Jimmy Carter on November 2, 1976. Carter defeated Ford, receiving 297 electoral votes and 50.1% of the popular vote. Carter took office on January 20, 1977, and held power for four years before Reagan defeated him in 1980 and took office on January 20, 1981.

Ford joined his vice presidential running mate Bob Dole on the campaign trail. [4]

Background

Gerald Ford, born July 14, 1913, in Omaha, Nebraska, his maternal grandfather was Illinois politician and businessman Levi Addison Gardner and his paternal grandfather was banker and businessman Charles Henry King, Ford's parents separated Just sixteen days after his birth and his mother took the infant Ford to Oak Park, Illinois, Ford later said his biological father had a history of beating his mother. [5]

Ford attended the University of Michigan. Ford graduated from Michigan in 1935 with a bachelor's degree in economics. He turned down offers from the Detroit Lions and Green Bay Packers of the National Football League. Instead, he took a job in September 1935 as a boxing coach and assistant football coach at Yale University and applied to its law school. [6]

Ford joined the United States Navy after the Imperial Japanese attacked on Pearl Harbor, some time later, Ford joined the U.S. House of Representatives, where he met President Lyndon Johnson in 1963. After the resignation of Spiro Agnew, he was confirmed to become Nixon's vice president in December 1973 [7] until he ascended to the presidency on August 9, 1974, when Nixon resigned, becoming the only president in American history to have never been elected president or vice president. [8] [9] [10]

Nomination

1976 Republican primaries

Ford launched his campaign on July 8, 1975, after which he entered the Republican primaries, where his rival, Ronald Reagan, opened his campaign on November 20, 1975. Ford and Reagan faced each other intensely, with Ford ultimately receiving more votes than Reagan, even though the required number of votes was 1,130 votes. This is also one of the few times an incumbent president has lost state primaries, the most recent being when President Joe Biden lost to Jason Palmer in American Samoa after 44 years when President Jimmy Carter lost to Ted Kennedy in Massachusetts on March 4, 1980, and 11 states with Washington D.C.. [11]

In the New Hampshire primary, Ford attacked Reagan's plan to cut $90 billion from the federal budget, as well as Reagan's plans for Social Security. Reagan's stump speeches included attacks on welfare queens, as well as other attacks on government welfare programs, Reagan then lost the primaries with 1,317 delegates remaining. [12] [13] [14]

1976 Republican National Convention

President Ford shakes hands with Ronald Reagan in the Republican National Convention 1976 Republican National Convention.jpg
President Ford shakes hands with Ronald Reagan in the Republican National Convention

After defeating their strongest opponents, Ford and Vice President Bob Dole were nominated at the Republican National Convention in Kansas City, Missouri, where Reagan criticized Ford for his signing of the Helsinki Accords and indirectly blamed him for the fall of Saigon in April 1975. The Convention voted, Ford received 1,187 votes and Reagan received 1,070 votes, another candidate, Elliot Richardson, received only 1 vote, this was one of the biggest controversies at the Republican convention about choosing a presidential candidate in a time of crisis. [15] For the vice presidential candidate, Bob Dole received 1,921 votes, with an overwhelming margin of 85.04%. Ronald Reagan was also in this, but he only received 27 votes, the third lowest after Jesse Helms when he received 103 votes, the remaining candidates received less than 25 votes. [16] Reagan then delivered a speech that caused a stir, eclipsing Ford's own acceptance speech, despite being just over five minutes long. Some delegates later said they left the convention wondering if they had voted for the wrong candidate. Reagan's concession speech spoke of the dangers of nuclear war and the threat from the Soviet Union. [17] [18]

Main competitor

President Ford and presidential candidate Carter debating on September 23, 1976, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Carter and Ford in a debate, September 23, 1976.jpg
President Ford and presidential candidate Carter debating on September 23, 1976, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Jimmy Carter, a member of the Democratic Party as well as former Governor of Georgia and a peanut farmer, announced his 1976 presidential campaign on December 12, 1974, after which he participated in the presidential primaries of the Democratic Party and won 1,130 delegates, he then chose Walter Mondale as vice president at the 1976 Democratic National Convention, where he won the nomination to face Ford in the 1976 general election and would be inaugurated on January 20, 1977.

Endorsements

Here are the lists of Ford supporters in the presidential primaries:

List of Gerald Ford endorsements

Federal Officials

Former Federal Officials

Senators

Former Senators

Representatives

Former Representatives

Governors

Former Governors

Lieutenant Governors

Attorney Generals

Mayors

Former Mayor

Individuals

Baseball

Basketball

Football

Actors and Actresses

Musicians

Polling

In Republican primaries:

Before August 1974

Poll sourcePublication
Spiro Agnew
Howard Baker
John Connally
Gerald Ford
Barry Goldwater
Charles Percy
Ronald Reagan
Nelson Rockefeller
Other
Undecided/None
Gallup [91] March 30 – April 2, 197370035%1%15%––8%20%11%5% [a] 6%
Gallup [92] August 30, 1973?22%11%10%––7%22%13%6% [b] 9%
–12%12%––8%32%16%9% [c] 11%
Gallup [93] Oct. 6–8, 1973356–3%16%––14%29%19%6% [d] 8%
GallupJanuary 4–7, 1974377–5%9%24%–8%20%18%8% [e] 8%
–7%11%––11%26%25%10% [f] 10%
GallupJuly 21, 1974?–5%5%27%16%4%16%12%8% [g] 7%

August 1974 – December 1975

Poll sourcePublication
Howard Baker
John Connally
Gerald Ford
Barry Goldwater
Charles Percy
Ronald Reagan
Nelson Rockefeller
Other
Undecided/None
Gallup [94] Feb. 28 – March 3, 19753304%–34%17%3%22%10%7% [h] 3%
Gallup [95] [96] June 27–30, 19753754%2%41%13%4%20%5%6% [i] 5%
Gallup [96] Aug. 15–18, 19753483%3%45%11%4%19%7%5% [j] 3%
GallupOct. 17–20, 19753392%1%48%7%2%25%5%2% [k] 5%
Gallup [97] Nov. 21–24, 19753522%1%32%10%3%40%6%5% [l] 1%

Head-to-head polling

Poll sourcePublication
Gerald Ford
Ronald Reagan
Undecided/None
Gallup [98] June 27–30, 197537561%33%6%
Gallup [99] Dec. 12–15, 1975?45%45%10%

Election day

Map of the 1976 U.S. presidential election, blue represents Carter winning that state/district, red represents Ford winning that state, light red represents Reagan received a vote. ElectoralCollege1976.svg
Map of the 1976 U.S. presidential election, blue represents Carter winning that state/district, red represents Ford winning that state, light red represents Reagan received a vote.

On November 2, 1976, Ford lost the election to Democratic nominee Jimmy Carter. Carter won 297 electoral votes and 50.1% of the popular vote while Ford only received 240 electoral votes and 48.0% of the popular vote. However, Carter carried 23 states with Washington DC while Ford carried 27 states, this is one of the elections where the presidential candidate defeated the incumbent president in a narrow margin. [100] Reagan got 1 vote from Washington by Mike Padden. [101]

Before the election, both Ford and Carter also debated three times in Philadelphia, San Francisco and Williamsburg from September 23 to October 22, 1976. This is the second debate since 1960, after 16 years. [102]

The vice presidential debate also began at the Alley Theater in Houston, Texas, when Bob Dole faced off against Walter Mondale. [103]

Results

Electoral results
Presidential candidatePartyHome statePopular voteElectoral
vote		Running mate
CountPercentageVice-presidential candidateHome stateElectoral vote
Jimmy Carter Democratic Georgia 40,831,88150.08%297 Walter Mondale Minnesota 297
Gerald Ford (incumbent) Republican Michigan 39,148,63448.02%240 Bob Dole Kansas 241
Ronald Reagan Republican California — [m] — [m] 1
Eugene McCarthy None Minnesota 744,7630.91%0 [n] [n] 0
Roger MacBride Libertarian Virginia 172,5570.21%0 David Bergland California 0
Lester Maddox American Independent Georgia 170,3730.21%0 William Dyke Wisconsin 0
Thomas J. Anderson American [o] 158,7240.19%0 Rufus Shackelford Florida 0
Peter Camejo Socialist Workers California 90,9860.11%0 Willie Mae Reid Illinois 0
Gus Hall Communist New York 58,7090.07%0 Jarvis Tyner New York 0
Margaret Wright People's California 49,0160.06%0 Benjamin Spock Connecticut 0
Lyndon LaRouche U.S. Labor New York 40,0180.05%0 R. Wayne Evans Michigan 0
Other75,1190.09%—Other—
Total81,540,780100%538538
Needed to win270270

Sources: Leip, David. "1976 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved April 27, 2024. (popular votes)

"Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration . Retrieved April 27, 2024. (Electoral votes)

Aftermath

Outgoing President Ford and First lady Betty Ford meets with President-elect Jimmy Carter and Rosalynn Carter. Photograph of President Gerald Ford, First Lady Betty Ford, President-Elect Jimmy Carter, and Rosalynn Carter... - NARA - 186838.tif
Outgoing President Ford and First lady Betty Ford meets with President-elect Jimmy Carter and Rosalynn Carter.

Carter became president on January 20, 1977, and served one term in office until January 20, 1981, after Reagan defeated Carter in the 1980 U.S. presidential election. [104]

This was the only modern presidential election in which both presidential candidates and both vice presidential candidates were still alive 30 years after the election, until Ford's death in 2006. And three of the four were still alive after 44 years, until Walter Mondale's death in April 2021. After Bob Dole's death in December 2021, Carter was the only candidate still alive. [105] [106] [107]

Ford and Carter both lived post-presidency for more than 25 years. When Ford died in 2006 due to his worsening arteriosclerotic cerebrovascular disease and diffuse arteriosclerosis, Carter attended his funeral. [108]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ James Buckley with 2%, Edward Brooke and Daniel Evans with 1% each, and Bill Brock with 0%
  2. ↑ James Buckley with 3%, Edward Brooke with 2%, Daniel Evans with 1%, and Bill Brock with 0%
  3. ↑ James Buckley with 5%, Edward Brooke with 2%, Daniel Evans with 1%, and Bill Brock with 1%
  4. ↑ James Buckley with 3%, Edward Brooke with 2%, Bill Brock with 1%, and Daniel Evans with 0%
  5. ↑ Elliot Richardson with 3%, Mark Hatfield and James Buckley with 2% each, and Edward Brooke with 1%
  6. ↑ Elliot Richardson with 4%, James Buckley with 3%, Mark Hatfield with 2%, and Edward Brooke with 1%
  7. ↑ Elliot Richardson with 3%, James Buckley with 2%, Mark Hatfield with 2%, and Edward Brooke with 1%
  8. ↑ Mark Hatfield with 3%, Elliot Richardson with 3%, and James Buckley with 1%
  9. ↑ Elliot Richardson with 3%, Mark Hatfield with 2%, and James L. Buckley with 1%
  10. ↑ James L. Buckley with 2%, Mark Hatfield with 2%, and Elliot Richardson with 1%
  11. ↑ Elliot Richardson with 3%, James L. Buckley and Mark Hatfield with 1% each
  12. ↑ Mark Hatfield with 2%, Elliot Richardson with 2%, and James L. Buckley with 1%
  13. 1 2 Mike Padden, a Republican faithless elector from Washington, gave Ronald Reagan one electoral vote.
  14. 1 2 The running mate of McCarthy varied from state to state.
  15. ↑ Research has not yet determined whether Anderson's home state was Tennessee or Texas at the time of the 1976 election.

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    References

    1. ↑ "Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum • Gerald Ford officially announced his candidacy for..." Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    2. ↑ "How Ronald Reagan's 1976 Convention Battle Fueled His 1980 Landslide". HISTORY. 2020-10-14. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    3. ↑ Enten, Harry (2016-07-14). "What The 1976 GOP Primary Tells Us About 2016's". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    4. ↑ "Remembering Bob Dole: Reliving the 1976 Vice Presidential Announcement | KRSL.com". www.krsl.com. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    5. ↑ "Gerald R. Ford Biography - Gerald R. Ford Foundation" . Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    6. ↑ "Growing Up Grand- High School". www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    7. ↑ "Gerald Ford's unique role in American history - National Constitution Center". National Constitution Center – constitutioncenter.org. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    8. ↑ "Naval Service of Gerald R. Ford in World War II". www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    9. ↑ "Gerald Ford: Life Before the Presidency | Miller Center". millercenter.org. 2016-10-04. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    10. ↑ "Gerald Ford: Unelected". Voice of America. 2023-11-18. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    11. ↑ Reporter, James Bickerton US News (2024-03-06). "Joe Biden is first incumbent president to lose a primary in 44 years". Newsweek. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    12. ↑ Times, James M. Naughton; Special to The New York (1976-02-20). "FORD INTENSIFIES ATTACK ON REAGAN". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2024-04-27.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
    13. ↑ Witcover, Jules (1977). Marathon : the pursuit of the Presidency, 1972-1976. Internet Archive. New York : Viking Press. ISBN   978-0-670-45461-7.
    14. ↑ "'Welfare Queen' Becomes Issue in Reagan Campaign". The New York Times. 1976-02-15. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    15. ↑ "Our Campaigns - US President - R Convention Race - Aug 16, 1976". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    16. ↑ "Our Campaigns - US Vice President - R Convention Race - Aug 16, 1976". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    17. ↑ Reagan's Impromptu Speech at 1976 GOP Convention . Retrieved 2024-04-27– via www.youtube.com.
    18. ↑ "The Times-News - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    19. 1 2 "Remarks Upon Arrival at the 1976 Republican National Convention Headquarters in Kansas City, Missouri". 15 August 1976.
    20. 1 2 "Remarks in Columbus at the Annual Meeting of the Ohio Governor's Conference on Aging". 26 May 1976.
    21. 1 2 "Remarks at Opening Ceremonies for the Texas State Fair in Dallas". 9 October 1976.
    22. 1 2 3 4 5 "Remarks at a President Ford Committee Campaign Debate Party in San Francisco". 6 October 1976.
    23. 1 2 3 4 5 "Remarks in Lawton, Oklahoma". 8 October 1976.
    24. 1 2 3 "Remarks in New City, New York". 13 October 1976.
    25. ↑ "Remarks in Paramus, New Jersey". 13 October 1976.
    26. 1 2 "Remarks in Chicago, Illinois". 26 October 1976.
    27. 1 2 3 4 "Remarks at a Rally in Houston, Texas". 29 October 1976.
    28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Remarks in Livonia, Michigan". 1 November 1976.
    29. 1 2 "Remarks in Portland, Oregon". 25 October 1976.
    30. ↑ "Remarks at a President Ford Committee Volunteers Reception in Lincoln". 8 May 1976.
    31. 1 2 3 4 "Remarks at a Picnic Honoring Senator Robert Dole in Russell, Kansas". 20 August 1976.
    32. ↑ "Remarks iDuring an Illinois Whitlestop Tour". 16 October 1976.
    33. 1 2 3 "Remarks in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania". 27 October 1976.
    34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Remarks at a Rally in Cincinnati, Ohio". 28 October 1976.
    35. 1 2 3 "Remarks in Columbia, South Carolina". 23 October 1976.
    36. ↑ "Remarks to President Ford Committee Volunteers in Abilene". 30 April 1976.
    37. 1 2 3 4 5 "Remarks at the Connecticut State Republican Convention in Hartford". 16 July 1976.
    38. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 "The original documents are located in Box 7, folder "Campaign – Letters of support from Former Members of Congress" of the John Marsh Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library" (PDF). 1976.
    39. 1 2 "Remarks at a Chamber of Commerce Dinner in Nashua, New Hampshire". February 7, 1976. Retrieved 2024-04-28.
    40. 1 2 3 4 5 "Remarks on Departure From Akron, Ohio". 1 November 1976.
    41. ↑ "Remarks in Rockford, Illinois". 11 March 1976.
    42. 1 2 3 "Remarks at the Ohio State Capitol in Columbus". 1 November 1976.
    43. 1 2 "Remarks in Tampa, Florida". 29 February 1976.
    44. ↑ "Remarks in San Jose, California". 25 May 1976.
    45. ↑ "Remarks in Langhorne, Pennsylvania". 30 October 1976.
    46. 1 2 "Remarks at a Public Rally in Birmingham, Michigan". 12 May 1976.
    47. 1 2 "Remarks at the North Carolina State Fair in Raleigh". 23 October 1976.
    48. 1 2 3 4 "Remarks in Mobile, Alabama". 26 September 1976.
    49. ↑ "Remarks at a Bicentennial Celebration in Saginaw, Michigan". 16 May 1976.
    50. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Remarks in La Mesa, California". 24 October 1976.
    51. ↑ "Remarks in Gulfport, Mississippi". 26 September 1976.
    52. 1 2 "Remarks on Departure From Rochester, New York". 31 October 1976.
    53. 1 2 3 "Remarks in Northbrook, Illinois". 26 October 1976.
    54. 1 2 3 4 "Remarks at a Reception for Bergen County Business and Civic Leaders in Paterson, New Jersey". 6 June 1976.
    55. 1 2 "Remarks at the Chanute Community Foundation Reception in Rantoul, Illinois". 6 March 1976.
    56. 1 2 3 "Remarks at a Republican Party Leadership Rally in Minneapolis". 19 August 1976.
    57. ↑ "Remarks Upon Arrival at Van Nuys, California". 26 May 1976.
    58. 1 2 "Remarks at Iowa State University in Ames". 15 October 1976.
    59. 1 2 3 "Remarks in Findlay, Ohio". 7 June 1976.
    60. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Remarks in Indianapolis, Indiana". 28 October 1976.
    61. ↑ "Remarks at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor". 15 September 1976.
    62. ↑ "Remarks in Bay St. Louis, Missouri". 26 September 1976.
    63. 1 2 "Remarks Aboard the SS Natchez During a Trip Along the Mississippi River in Louisiana". 25 September 1976.
    64. ↑ "Remarks at the "Days of the Verdugos" Festival in Glendale, California". 8 October 1976.
    65. 1 2 "Remarks in Seattle, Washington". 25 October 1976.
    66. 1 2 3 "Remarks at Dedication Ceremonies for the Commerce Square Fountain in Memphis". 14 May 1976.
    67. 1 2 3 4 "Remarks in Richmond, Virginia". 23 October 1976.
    68. 1 2 "Remarks to Employees of the Rockwell International Corporation in Hawthorne, California". 7 October 1976.
    69. ↑ "Remarks in Devon, Pennsylvania". 27 October 1976.
    70. ↑ "Remarks on Arrival at Grand Rapids, Michigan". 15 May 1976.
    71. ↑ "Remarks in Dayton, Ohio". 7 June 1976.
    72. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Remarks in Fountain Valley". 24 October 1976.
    73. ↑ "Remarks in Sarasota, Florida". 29 February 1976.
    74. 1 2 "Remarks at a President Ford Committee Leadership and Delegate Reception in Birmingham". 3 May 1976.
    75. ↑ "Remarks in Pascagoula, Mississippi". 26 September 1976.
    76. 1 2 "Remarks in Medford, Oregon". 22 May 1976.
    77. ↑ "Remarks in Union, New Jersey". 13 October 1976.
    78. ↑ "Remarks on Arrival at Amarillo, Texas". 10 April 1976.
    79. 1 2 "Remarks in St. Louis, Missouri". 16 October 1976.
    80. ↑ "Remarks to President Ford Committee Volunteers in Milwaukee". 2 April 1976.
    81. ↑ "Benjamin Travis Laney Jr. (1896–1977)". January 19, 2024.
    82. ↑ "Remarks in Biloxi, Mississippi". 26 September 1976.
    83. 1 2 "Remarks to the New York Delegation at the 1976 Republican National Convention in Kansas City". 18 August 1976.
    84. 1 2 "Remarks in St. Louis, Missouri". 29 October 1976.
    85. ↑ "Remarks at the International Council of Shopping Centers Convention in Las Vegas". 24 May 1976.
    86. 1 2 "Remarks in Hauppauge, New York". 31 October 1976.
    87. ↑ "Remarks in Hempstead, New York". 31 October 1976.
    88. ↑ "Remarks at a Rally in Dallas, Texas". 29 April 1976.
    89. 1 2 3 4 5 Critchlow, Donald (2013). When Hollywood was right : how movie stars, studio moguls, and big business remade American politics. New York : Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-19918-6 – via Internet Archive.
    90. 1 2 "Ford made brief stop in 1976". December 31, 2006.
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    92. ↑ Gallup, George (August 30, 1973). "GALLUP POLL: Agnew is losing support". p. 29.
    93. ↑ "Reagan Leads, Rockefeller Is 2d In Gallup Poll on '76 Nomination". The New York Times. October 21, 1973. p. 54.
    94. ↑ Gallup, George (March 28, 1975). "Ford, Reagan Top GOP Picks in '76". The Hartford Courant. p. 20.
    95. ↑ Gallup, George (July 14, 1975). "Ford Support Up As 1976 Hopeful". The Hartford Courant. p. 5.
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    98. ↑ Gallup, George (July 14, 1975). "Ford Support Up As 1976 Hopeful". The Hartford Courant. p. 5.
    99. ↑ Apple, R.W. (January 11, 1976). "G.O.P. Seems Evenly Split Over Ford-Reagan Contest". The New York Times. p. 1.
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    101. ↑ "Electoral College wasn't done deal in 1976. Will it be in 2016?". AP News. 2016-12-17. Retrieved 2024-04-28.
    102. ↑ "AllPolitics - 1976 Debates Overview". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    103. ↑ Miller, Arthur H.; MacKuen, Michael (1979). "Learning About the Candidates: The 1976 Presidential Debates". The Public Opinion Quarterly. 43 (3): 326–346. doi:10.1086/268525. ISSN   0033-362X. JSTOR   2748228.
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    105. ↑ Naughton, James M.; Clymer, Adam (2006-12-27). "Gerald Ford, 38th President, Dies at 93". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2024-04-27.
    106. ↑ "Former US Vice-President Walter Mondale dies aged 93". 2021-04-20. Retrieved 2024-04-27.
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