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Railways in Hereford | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway was a railway which ran for 22+1⁄2 miles (36.2 km) linking Hereford and Gloucester, England, via Ross-on-Wye. It was opened on 1 June 1855 as a 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge line, it was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway in 1862. In 1869 the railway was converted to 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. [1] The railway was closed to passengers on 2 November 1964, freight services between Ross-on-Wye railway station and Grange Court railway station continued on until 1 November 1965. [1]
Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway Act 1851 | |
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Act of Parliament | |
Citation | 14 & 15 Vict. c. xl |
On 1 June 1851 Parliament passed the Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway Act 1851 (14 & 15 Vict. c. xl) allowing the railway's construction [2] and although construction was delayed by bad weather in January 1853 [3] the line was tested out by locomotives on 31 May 1855; the next day the railway was officially opened, 1 June 1855.
The Illustrated London News on 14 June reported that the opening had been a great success. There were six passenger trains a day from Hereford and five from Gloucester.
On 13 March 1856 the line suffered its first fatality when Charlotte Brian fell asleep on the line while intoxicated and was run over by the 7:30pm train from Hereford. She died of her injuries.
In 1873 another railway was opened to Ross-on-Wye, this was the Ross and Monmouth Railway. The railway remained independent for just over 7 years until the line was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway (GWR) on 29 July 1862, the GWR operated the railway from then on until the nationalisation of Britain's railways in 1948; the line then became part of the Western Region of British Railways until its final closure.
The railway was converted from broad gauge to standard gauge along with the South Wales Main Line. The work was carried out by 450 men in 5 days from 15 to 19 August 1869. In each mile, 3,800 bolts had to be withdrawn, 83,600 in total, new holes bored in the sleeper and then the bolts put through in their new position. [4] The work was in the hands of J. Ward Armstrong, divisional engineer, Hereford division, and William Lancaster Owen with the plans having been approved by William George Owen, engineer-in-chief to the Great Western Railway. Ten first-class coaches and buses provided by Mr. J. J. Hughes (owner of Bayswater buses) provided passenger services between Hereford and Ross, and Ross and Gloucester. [5]
In 1890 Ross-on-Wye Station was replaced with a structure designed by the GWR civil engineer's department. [6]
The railway slowly declined over the years as cars stole away more and more traffic. Passenger services were finally withdrawn on and from 2 November 1964 due to the Beeching Axe, the line between Hereford railway station and Ross-on-Wye railway station was closed completely but the line south of Ross-on-Wye remained open until 1 November 1965 for freight only. [1] [7]
The line consisted of two distinct parts, one south of Ross-on-Wye which went through the Forest of Dean and the other northern section along the River Wye. The southern section started at Grange Court junction, with the Gloucester to Newport Line, went through the hills of the Forest of Dean requiring only one tunnel at Lea Line to Ross-on-Wye. The Ross to Hereford section required a lot of engineering to cross the meanders of the Wye four times with embankments or tunnels crossing the neck of each one. [8]
There were eight main stations, Grange Court, Longhope, Mitcheldean Road, Ross-on-Wye, Fawley, Ballingham, Holme Lacy and Hereford. There were also three halts, Blaisdon Halt, Weston under Penyard Halt and Backney Halt. [9]
Hereford railway station serves the city of Hereford, in Herefordshire, England. Managed by Transport for Wales, it lies on the Welsh Marches Line between Leominster and Abergavenny, is the western terminus of the Cotswold Line and also has an hourly West Midlands Trains service from Birmingham New Street. The station has four platforms for passenger trains and two additional relief lines for goods services.
Blaisdon is a village and civil parish in the Forest of Dean of Gloucestershire, England, about ten miles west of Gloucester. Its population in 2005 was estimated by Gloucestershire County Council to be 249. An estimate in 2012 placed the population at 420. The local church is dedicated to St Michael.
The Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway (OW&WR) was a railway company in England. It built a line from Wolvercot Junction near Oxford to Worcester, Stourbridge, Dudley and Wolverhampton, as well as some branches.
Hereford has seen a history of expansion and decline in its railway history.
The South Wales Railway was a main line railway which opened in stages from 1850, connecting the Great Western Railway from Gloucester to South Wales. It was constructed on the broad gauge. An original aspiration was to reach Fishguard to engender an Irish ferry transit and transatlantic trade, but the latter did not materialise for many years, and never became an important sector of the business. Neyland was the western terminus of the line until 1906.
The Gloucester and Dean Forest Railway was a 19th-century British railway company that constructed a 7¼ mile section of railway line from Gloucester west to Grange Court in Gloucestershire in England. It now forms part of the Gloucester–Newport line.
The Severn and Wye Railway began as an early tramroad network established in the Forest of Dean to facilitate the carriage of minerals to watercourses for onward conveyance. It was based on Lydney, where a small harbour was constructed, and opened its line to Parkend in 1810. It was progressively extended northwards, and a second line, the Mineral Loop was opened to connect newly opened mineral workings.
The Shrewsbury and Hereford Railway was an English railway company that built a standard gauge line between those places. It opened its main line in 1853.
The Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway was a railway company formed to connect the places in its name. When it sought parliamentary authorisation, it was denied the southern section, and obliged to use the Monmouthshire Railway between Pontypool and Newport.
The Wye Valley Railway was a standard gauge railway that ran for nearly 15 miles (24 km) along the Lower Wye Valley between the towns of Chepstow and Monmouth, crossing several times between Wales and England. Opened on 1 November 1876, it was leased to, and worked by, the Great Western Railway (GWR), before being fully absorbed by the GWR in 1905.
The Hereford, Hay and Brecon Railway (HH&BR) was a railway company that built a line between Hereford in England and a junction with the Mid-Wales Railway at Three Cocks Junction. It opened its line in stages from 1862 to 1864. It never had enough money to operate properly, but the Midland Railway saw it as a means of reaching Swansea, and from 1869 the Midland Railway was given exclusive running powers over the HH&BR. There was then a long-running dispute over whether the Midland inherited rights of access previously granted to the HH&BR.
The Coleford, Monmouth, Usk & Pontypool Railway (CMU&PR) was a standard gauge railway of 16 miles (26 km) which ran from Monmouth to Little Mill, near Pontypool in Monmouthshire, Wales. It was intended to convey the mineral products of the Forest of Dean to the ironworks of South Wales, by connecting to the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway at Little Mill Junction. The NAHR made the onward connection over its Taff Vale Extension line. The CMU&PR intended to acquire the Monmouth Railway, actually a horse-operated plateway, and convert it to locomotive operation.
The Ross and Monmouth Railway was a standard gauge railway of 13 miles (21 km) which ran between Ross-on-Wye, in Herefordshire, England and Monmouth, Wales.
The Ledbury and Gloucester Railway,, was a railway line in Herefordshire and Gloucestershire, England, running between Ledbury and Gloucester. It opened in 1885 and closed in 1964.
Ross-on-Wye railway station is a former junction railway station on the Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway constructed just to the north of the Herefordshire town of Ross-on-Wye. It was the terminus of the Ross and Monmouth Railway which joined the Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway just south of the station.
Grange Court railway station was a junction station on the South Wales Railway in Gloucestershire where it met the Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway.
Mitcheldean Road railway station was a railway station that served the town of Mitcheldean 1.5 miles (2.4 km) to the south and the village of Lea in Herefordshire. Opened in 1855 with the line it was located on the Great Western Railway line linking Ross-on-Wye and Gloucester.
Hereford Road Skew Bridge is a disused railway bridge in Ledbury, Herefordshire. Built in 1881 to carry the Ledbury and Gloucester Railway across the Hereford Road at an angle of approximately 45°, it was built as a ribbed skew arch with stone spandrels and wing walls, and ribs of blue brick. The railway line was closed in 1959 and the bridge is now used as part of the Ledbury Town Trail footpath.
The Crewe and Shrewsbury Railway was a railway company which was previously owned by the London and North Western Railway (LNWR), built to connect Crewe with the Shrewsbury and Hereford Railway which was jointly owned with GWR.
The Mitcheldean Road and Forest of Dean Junction Railway was an independent railway company incorporated in 1871, to provide a northerly outlet for iron ore and coal products from the Cinderford and Whimsey area in the Forest of Dean, to the Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway line; mineral traffic to industrial centres in South Wales and the Midlands was foreseen.