Jalaput Dam

Last updated

Jalaput Dam
India relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Location of Jalaput Dam in India
India Odisha relief map.svg
Red pog.svg
Jalaput Dam (Odisha)
India Andhra Pradesh relief map.svg
Red pog.svg
Jalaput Dam (Andhra Pradesh)
Country India
LocationJalaput village, Andhra Pradesh and Odisha [1]
Coordinates 18°27′33″N82°32′55″E / 18.459192°N 82.548478°E / 18.459192; 82.548478 [1]
Purpose Hydroelectric & Irrigation
Construction began1946 [1]
Opening date1955 [1]
Owner(s)Governments of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha [1]
Dam and spillways
Type of dam Earth-fill dam
ImpoundsMachkund River [1]
Height60.65 m (199 ft) maximum.
Length419 m (1,375 ft)
Spillway typeOgee section
Spillway capacity5660 cumecs
Reservoir
CreatesJalaput Reservoir
Total capacity971×10^6 m3 (0.233 cu mi)
Active capacity893×10^6 m3 (0.214 cu mi)
Inactive capacity78×10^6 m3 (0.019 cu mi)
Catchment area 1,963 km2 (758 sq mi) [1]
Surface area97.12 km2 (37.50 sq mi)
Power Station
Operator(s) APGENCO
Turbines 3 × 17, 3 × 23 MW
Installed capacity 120 MW [1]
Website
irrigationap.cgg.gov.in/wrd/dashBoard

The Jalaput Dam is a hydroelectric dam built on the Machkund River, a tributary of the Godavari River [2] in India which rises in the Mudugal hills of Alluri Sitharama Raju district District and nearby Ondra Gadda it becomes the boundary between Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. This Dam is the most ignored one in India, currently, it is in dilapidated condition. For over 48 km the river runs nearly north along a meandering course through the Padwa Valley. About 48 km south of Jeypore, it winds westward along the edge of the Plateau and then suddenly tums at a short angle to the south-west down a steep descent popularly known as Duduma Falls.

Contents

Jalaput Dam (and Reservoir) impounds 34.273 Tmcft of water for the needs of downstream 120 MW Machkund Hydro-Electric Scheme (MHES), which is in operation since 1955. [3] The dam and the MHES are the joint projects of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha states. The existing six number power generation units have become old and obsolete compared to the latest technology. It is much economical to install a new hydro-electric scheme with a 15 km long tunnel using nearly 400 meters available level drop between Jalaput reservoir and the existing Balimela Reservoir backwaters. There is also the possibility to install a huge capacity Pumped-storage hydroelectricity station for the needs of peaking power using high water level drop. This reservoir will serve as the upper pond and the existing Balimela reservoir as the tail pond for installing Pumped-storage hydroelectricity units. Thus this reservoir water can be put to use more productively. The existing MHES [4] can also be kept in operation by diverting the surplus water from the nearby upper Kolab reservoir [5] into the Machkund river basin by joining with nearly 4 km long tunnel. This would facilitate to use of excess water from the upper Kolab reservoir for enhanced electricity generation in MHES and downstream Balimela powerhouse by using nearly 200% more available head in Sileru river basin before putting finally for irrigation use.

Origin

Jalaput derives its name from its local tribal dialect in which jala or jal means water (jal means water in Sanskrit as well). Put means residence or a storehouse or large place. The Jalaput water reservoir was the only water source for many of the local tribes in more than 100 tribal villages in and around Jalaput in the Koraput district the state of Odisha. Before the present dam was built 55 years ago, it was a dense forest and a river surrounded by many tribal villages.

Jalaput is a border village between Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. A bridge separate the two states and which both sides of it are known as LF (Andhra Pradesh, Visakhapatnam district) and RF (Odisha, Koraput district) respectively. Prior to the formation of the Jalaput Dam, it was known as Tentaput.

Jalaput , Machkund, and Onukadelli form the triangular shape of this hydroelectricity generation project. The electricity generated here is supplied to many nearby towns including Visakhapatnam, Vijaywada, both in Andhra Pradesh and, Koraput and Jeypore in Odisha.

Communication

Jalaput is connected by road with major municipalities in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the most sought after tourist destinations in winter. Araku Valley is 60 kilometres from here and Vishakhapatnam is the largest nearby major city.

Occupation

Agriculture is the main occupation in nearby villages. The jalaputias (The residents of jalaput) are mainly Government employees. The retail business here is dominated by prominent Odia speaking businessmen. Woodcutting has become a prominent business here for a decade. That rise to many gangs fights in the last few years. District administration is worried about the rising fights amongst different groups for the last five years. Apart from rice, java and many medicinal plants also form a significant part of agrarian business here. Presently many have entered into contractual farming for medicinal plants, jatropha plantation, and tissue culture.

The village has 5-decade old temples, Uma Maheshwara Temple, mosques, and churches within a distance of 30 meters. Residents celebrate all festivals without any religious overtones. The village is the right combination of Telugu and Odissa language people. People here understand and communicate in both languages with a mixed accent. Every year May last week or JUNE the first-week people celebrate the local Village God festival and they celebrate it grandly; The local people call it "Aadavi talli jatara ". The climate in this zone is very pleasant and a lot of attraction to viewers and mainly in the winter season the temperatures are even recorded 10 degrees below

Many aboriginal tribes inhabit nearby small villages. Most of the region was densely covered by forest. But recently due to massive deforestation in the last one and half-decade, much of the land has become barren.

The main village area residents are Government Employees and also a businessman.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jeypore</span> City in Odisha, India

Jeypore is one of the largest towns and a place of historical significance in Koraput district in the Indian state of Odisha. It was established by Vir Vikram Dev in the mid 17th century. The kingdom was defeated by the East India Company in 1777 who declared it a Zamindari or Feudatory of the British Crown and much later got acknowledged as a Princely state until its dissolution in the Dominion of India in 1947.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Koraput district</span> District of Odisha in India

Koraput district is a district of India in southern Odisha, with headquarters at Koraput. The district is located in the Eastern Ghats and is known for its hilly terrain, rich and diverse types of mineral deposits and its tribal culture and traditions. The district headquarters town of Koraput and its largest city, Jeypore are major centres of trade and commerce for South Odisha and fall on an important road connecting Visakhapatnam to Raipur.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gupteswar Cave</span> Shrine in Odisha, India

Gupteswar Cave is a cave shrine dedicated to Shiva. It is a pilgrim site situated about 55 km (34 mi) away Jeypore, Koraput District in the state of Odisha, India. It is a limestone cave, and its main attraction is the gigantic Shiva Linga which is said to be increasing in size. It is believed that the cave was discovered by Rama and re-discovered in the reign of Maharajah Veer Vikram Dev. In the holy month of Shravan, the cave is visited by devotees who walk to the shrine bare-footed with decorated bamboo palanquins called "Kanwadiya" and bathe in the maha kund before worshipping Lord Gupteshwar. There are 200 steps to reach to the Shiva linga temple. Its entrance is about 3 metres (9.8 ft) wide and 2 metres (6.6 ft) high.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Godavari River Basin Irrigation Projects</span>

The Godavari River has its catchment area in seven states of India: Maharashtra, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Odisha. The number of dams constructed in Godavari basin is the highest among all the river basins in India. Nearly 350 major and medium dams and barrages had been constructed in the river basin by the year 2012.

The Balimela Reservoir is located in Malkangiri district, Odisha, India on the river Sileru which is a tributary of the Godavari river. The gross storage capacity of Balimela reservoir is 3610 million cubic meters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Koraput</span> Hill station in Odisha, India

Koraput is a town and a Municipality in Koraput district in the Indian state of Odisha. Koraput town is the district headquarter of Koraput district.

Malkangiri, historically known as Malikamardhangiri, is a town and municipality in Malkangiri district in the Indian state of Odisha. It is the headquarter of the Malkangiri district. Malkangiri has been the new home of the East Bengali refugees from erstwhile East Pakistan, who have been rehabilitated since 1965 under the Dandakaranya Project. Some Sri Lankan Tamil refugees were also rehabilitated in the town, following the armed struggle of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in the early 1990s, although most of them have now returned to their country. Currently, it is one of the most naxalite-affected areas of the state, and is a part of the Red Corridor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gunupur</span> Town in Odisha, India

Gunupur is a Municipality and one of the sub-divisional headquarters of Rayagada district in the Indian state of Odisha. It is the second biggest town in Rayagada district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nagavali River</span> River in India

The River Nagavali also known as Langulya is one of the main rivers of Southern Odisha and Andhra States in India, between Rushikulya and Godavari basins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Madugula</span> Village in Andhra Pradesh, India

Madugula is a village in Anakapalli district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. It was also known as Vaddadi or Vaddadimadugula and was founded by the rulers of the Matsya dynasty. Later, it merged into the kingdom of Nandapur - Jeypore and during the British Raj it remained an independent Zamindari for sometime. Later, in 1915 the zamindaris of Madugula and Pachipenta were purchased by Maharaja Vikram Dev III and they became a part of Jeypore Samasthanam and were governed by the Maharaja of Jeypore until 1947.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vamsadhara River</span> River in India

River Vamsadhara or River Banshadhara is an important east flowing river between Rushikulya and Godavari, in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh states in India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sabari River</span> River in Andhra Pradesh, India

Sabari River is one of the main tributaries of Godavari. It originates from the western slopes of Eastern Ghats in Odisha state from Sinkaram hill ranges at 1374 m MSL. It is also known as Kolab river in Odisha.The Sabari river basin receives nearly 1250 mm annual average rainfall. It forms common boundary between Chhattisgarh and Odisha states. It later enters into Andhra Pradesh to merge with River Godavari. Upper Kolab project, located in Odisha across the Sabari is a major dam project supplying water for irrigation and Hydro power generation.

Sileru River is a tributary of Sabari River in southern India. It originates in Andhra Pradesh and also flows through Odisha before merging with Sabari. Sabari river crosses the border into Andhra Pradesh to merge with Godavari river. Sileru river joins Sabari river tri-junction boundary point of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polavaram Project</span> Dam in Eluru district, Andhra Pradesh, India

The Polavaram Project is an under construction multi-purpose irrigation project on the Godavari River in the Eluru District and East Godavari District in Andhra Pradesh. The project has been accorded National project status by the Central Government of India. Its reservoir back water spreads up to the Dummugudem Anicut and approx 115 km on Sabari River side. Thus back water spreads into parts of Chhattisgarh and Odisha States. It gives major boost to tourism sector in Godavari Districts as the reservoir covers the famous Papikonda National Park, Polavaram hydro electric project (HEP) and National Waterway 4 are under construction on left side of the river. It is located 40 km to the upstream of Sir Arthur Cotton Barrage in Rajamahendravaram City and 25 km from Rajahmundry Airport.

Icchampally Project was a multi-purpose project proposed in 2008, with hydro electricity generation, irrigation, flood control, etc. benefits on the River Godavari in India. This project is proposed as joint project of Telangana, Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh states.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Godavari Water Disputes Tribunal</span> Tribunal created by the government of India

The Government of India (GoI) constituted a common tribunal on 10 April 1969 to solve the river water utilization disputes about the river basin states of Godavari and Krishna rivers under the provisions of Interstate River Water Disputes Act – 1956. The common tribunal was headed by Sri RS Bachawat as its chairman with Sri DM Bhandari and Sri DM Sen as its members. Godavari river basin spreads through the states of Telangana (TS), Maharashtra (MR), Orissa, old Madhya Pradesh {later bifurcated into present Madhya Pradesh (MP) and Chhattisgarh}, Karnataka (K) and Andhra Pradesh (AP). Krishna river basin states Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh insisted on the quicker verdict as it had become more expedient for the construction of irrigation projects in Krishna basin. So the Godavari Water Disputes Tribunal (GWDT) could not proceed till the Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal final verdict was submitted to GoI on 27 May 1976.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Padua, Koraput</span> Village in Odisha, India

Padua is a village in Koraput district, Odisha, India. It is located on the highway route from Araku to Jeypore in Odisha, on the eastern edge of the reservoir created by Jalaput Dam.

The Odisha Hydro Power Corporation or OHPC is a Public Sector Undertaking of Government of Odisha which was incorporated under the Companies Act 1956 on 21 April 1995 with the objective of establishing, operating, maintaining, renovating & modernizing hydro, thermal and other forms of power generating station besides owning, developing and operating coal mines for supply of fuel to the thermal power stations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kolab Dam</span> Dam in from Jeypore, Odisha

Kolab Dam is a gravity dam situated near Jeypore town in Koraput district of Odisha, India. The dam impounds Kolab river which is a tributary of Godavari river.

Kolab is a free and open source groupware suite.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Jalaput Dam, Andhra Pradesh". Maps of India. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  2. "Godavari river basin map" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
  3. "Jalaput Dam D03658". Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2016.
  4. "Andhra Pradesh Power Generation Corporation Ltd". Archived from the original on 25 February 2012. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
  5. "Odisha Hydro Power Corporation Ltd". Archived from the original on 16 September 2012. Retrieved 28 September 2012.