List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 17

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Supreme Court of the United States
Seal of the United States Supreme Court.svg
EstablishedMarch 4, 1789;234 years ago (1789-03-04)
Location Washington, D.C.
Coordinates 38°53′26″N77°00′16″W / 38.89056°N 77.00444°W / 38.89056; -77.00444 Coordinates: 38°53′26″N77°00′16″W / 38.89056°N 77.00444°W / 38.89056; -77.00444
Composition methodPresidential nomination with Senate confirmation
Authorized by Constitution of the United States, Art. III, § 1
Judge term lengthlife tenure, subject to impeachment and removal
Number of positions9 (by statute)
Website supremecourt.gov

This is a list of cases reported in volume 17 (4 Wheat.) of United States Reports , decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1819. [1]

Contents

Nominative reports

In 1874, the U.S. government created the United States Reports, and retroactively numbered older privately-published case reports as part of the new series. As a result, cases appearing in volumes 1–90 of U.S. Reports have dual citation forms; one for the volume number of U.S. Reports, and one for the volume number of the reports named for the relevant reporter of decisions (these are called "nominative reports").

Henry Wheaton

Starting with the 14th volume of U.S. Reports, the Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States was Henry Wheaton. Wheaton was Reporter of Decisions from 1816 to 1827, covering volumes 14 through 25 of United States Reports which correspond to volumes 1 through 12 of his Wheaton's Reports. As such, the dual form of citation to, for example, McCulloch v. Maryland is 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 316 (1819).

Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.)

The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices). [2] Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).

When the cases in 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) were decided, the Court comprised these seven justices:

PortraitJusticeOfficeHome StateSucceededDate confirmed by the Senate
(Vote)		Tenure on Supreme Court
John Marshall by Henry Inman, 1832.jpg John Marshall Chief Justice Virginia Oliver Ellsworth January 27, 1801
(Acclamation)		February 4, 1801
–
July 6, 1835
(Died)
BushrodWashington.jpg Bushrod Washington
Associate Justice Virginia James Wilson December 20, 1798
(Acclamation)		November 9, 1798
(Recess Appointment)
–
November 26, 1829
(Died)
WilliamJohnson.jpg William Johnson
Associate Justice South Carolina Alfred Moore March 24, 1804
(Acclamation)		May 7, 1804
–
August 4, 1834
(Died)
Henry Brockholst Livingston.jpg Henry Brockholst Livingston
Associate Justice New York William Paterson December 17, 1806
(Acclamation)		January 20, 1807
–
March 18, 1823
(Died)
Thomas Todd SCOTUS.jpg Thomas Todd
Associate Justice Kentucky new seatMarch 2, 1807
(Acclamation)		March 3, 1807
–
February 7, 1826
(Died)
GabrielDuvall.jpg Gabriel Duvall
Associate Justice Maryland Samuel Chase November 18, 1811
(Acclamation)		November 23, 1811
–
January 12, 1835
(Resigned)
Daguerreotype of Joseph Story, 1844 (edit).jpg Joseph Story
Associate Justice Massachusetts William Cushing November 18, 1811
(Acclamation)		February 3, 1812
–
September 10, 1845
(Died)

Notable Cases in 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.)

A bank draft from the Second Bank of the United States, by Daniel Webster, who represented McCulloch Daniel Webster 1824 Signature.jpg
A bank draft from the Second Bank of the United States, by Daniel Webster, who represented McCulloch

McCulloch v. Maryland

McCulloch v. Maryland , 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 316 (1819), is a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that defined the scope of the U.S. Congress's legislative power and how it relates to the powers of American state legislatures. The dispute in McCulloch involved the legality of the national bank and a tax that the state of Maryland imposed on it. In its ruling, the Supreme Court established that the "Necessary and Proper" Clause of the U.S. Constitution gives the U.S. federal government certain implied powers that are not explicitly enumerated in the Constitution, and that the American federal government is supreme over the states, and so states' ability to interfere with the federal government is limited.

Sturges v. Crowninshield

Sturges v. Crowninshield , 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 122 (1819), dealt with the constitutionality of New York having passed bankruptcy laws and retroactively applying them.

Dartmouth College v. Woodward

Dartmouth College v. Woodward , 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 518 (1819), is a landmark decision in United States corporate law from the United States Supreme Court dealing with the application of the Contracts Clause of the United States Constitution to private corporations. The case arose when the president of Dartmouth College was deposed by its trustees, leading to the New Hampshire legislature attempting to force the college to become a public institution, and so place the ability to appoint trustees in the hands of the governor of New Hampshire. The Supreme Court upheld the durability of the original charter of the college, which pre-dated the creation of the State.

Citation style

Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.

Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions.

List of cases in 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.)

NOTE: Some decisions have alternate pagination, indicated by "{ }."

Case NamePage and yearOpinion of the CourtConcurring opinion(s)Dissenting opinion(s)Lower CourtDisposition
Philadelphia Baptist Association v. Hart's Executors 1 (1819) MarshallStorynone C.C.D. Va. certification
The Divina Pastora 52 {37} (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D. Mass. reversed
Evans v. Phillips 73 {48} (1819) per curiam nonenone C.C.D. N.Y. dismissed
Van Ness v. Buel 74 {48} (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D. Vt. affirmed
Williams v. Peyton's Lessee 77 (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D. Ky. affirmed
The Experiment 84 (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D. Mass. evidentiary decision
Weightman v. Caldwell 85 {53} (1819) Johnsonnonenone C.C.D.C. affirmed
The Sybil 98 {59} (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D.S.C. affirmed
The Caledonian 100 {60} (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D.R.I. affirmed
The Langdon Cheves 103 (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D.R.I. affirmed
The Friendschaft 105 (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D.N.C. affirmed
United States v. Howland 108 {64} (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D. Mass. reversed
Sturges v. Crowninshield 122 {70} (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D. Mass. certification
M'Millan v. M'Neill 209 (1819) Marshallnonenone D. La. affirmed
Barr v. Gratz's Heirs 213 (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D. Ky. affirmed
Eliason v. Henshaw 225 {118} (1819) Washingtonnonenone C.C.D.C. reversed
Somerville's Executors v. Hamilton 230 (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D.N.C. certification
Bank of Columbia v. Okely 235 {122} (1819) Johnsonnonenone C.C.D.C. reversed
United States v. Rice 246 {128} (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D. Mass. affirmed
Brown v. Gilman 255 {132} (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D. Mass. affirmed
The Estrella 298 (1819) Livingstonnonenone D. La. affirmed
Miller ex rel. United States v. Nicholls 311 (1819) Marshallnonenone Pa. dismissed
M'Culloch v. Maryland 316 (1819) Marshallnonenone Md. reversed
The General Smith 438 {214} (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D. Md. reversed
M'Iver's Lessee v. Walker 444 (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D.E. Tenn. reversed
Orr v. Hodgson 453 {221} (1819) Storynonenone C.C.D.C. affirmed
Astor v. Wells 466 (1819) Johnsonnonenone C.C.D. Ohio affirmed
McArthur v. Browder 488 {237} (1819) Marshallnonenone C.C.D. Ohio reversed
The Neustra Senora 497 (1819) Johnsonnonenone C.C.D.N.C. affirmed
Wheaton v. Sexton's Lessee 503 {243} (1819) Johnsonnonenone C.C.D.C. reversed
Sergeant's Lessee v. Biddle 508 (1819) Washingtonnonenone C.C.D. Del. certification
Boyd's Lessee v. Graves 513 (1819) Duvallnonenone C.C.D. Ky. affirmed
Dartmouth College v. Woodward 518 {250} (1819) MarshallWashingtonnone N.H. reversed

Notes and references

    1. ↑ Anne Ashmore, DATES OF SUPREME COURT DECISIONS AND ARGUMENTS, Library, Supreme Court of the United States, 26 December 2018.
    2. ↑ "Supreme Court Research Guide". Georgetown Law Library. Retrieved April 7, 2021.

    See also

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