List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 163

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Supreme Court of the United States
Seal of the United States Supreme Court.svg
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 163
38°53′26″N77°00′16″W / 38.89056°N 77.00444°W / 38.89056; -77.00444
EstablishedMarch 4, 1789;235 years ago (1789-03-04)
Location Washington, D.C.
Coordinates 38°53′26″N77°00′16″W / 38.89056°N 77.00444°W / 38.89056; -77.00444
Composition methodPresidential nomination with Senate confirmation
Authorized by Constitution of the United States, Art. III, § 1
Judge term lengthlife tenure, subject to impeachment and removal
Number of positions9 (by statute)
Website supremecourt.gov

This is a list of cases reported in volume 163 of United States Reports , decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1896.

Contents

Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of volume 163 U.S.

The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices). [1] Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).

When the cases in volume 163 were decided the Court comprised the following nine members:

PortraitJusticeOfficeHome StateSucceededDate confirmed by the Senate
(Vote)
Tenure on Supreme Court
Melville Weston Fuller Chief Justice 1908.jpg Melville Fuller Chief Justice Illinois Morrison Waite July 20, 1888
(41–20)
October 8, 1888

July 4, 1910
(Died)
Stephen Johnson Field, photo half length seated, 1875.jpg Stephen Johnson Field Associate Justice California newly created seatMarch 10, 1863
(Acclamation)
May 10, 1863

December 1, 1897
(Retired)
JudgeJMHarlan.jpg John Marshall Harlan Associate Justice Kentucky David Davis November 29, 1877
(Acclamation)
December 10, 1877

October 14, 1911
(Died)
Horacegrayphoto.jpg Horace Gray Associate Justice Massachusetts Nathan Clifford December 20, 1881
(51–5)
January 9, 1882

September 15, 1902
(Died)
DavidBrewer.jpg David Josiah Brewer Associate Justice Kansas Stanley Matthews December 18, 1889
(53–11)
January 6, 1890

March 28, 1910
(Died)
Portrait of Henry Billings Brown.jpg Henry Billings Brown Associate Justice Michigan Samuel Freeman Miller December 29, 1890
(Acclamation)
January 5, 1891

May 28, 1906
(Retired)
George Shiras Jr.jpg George Shiras Jr. Associate Justice Pennsylvania Joseph P. Bradley July 26, 1892
(Acclamation)
October 10, 1892

February 23, 1903
(Retired)
Edward White, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing slightly left, 1905.jpg Edward Douglass White Associate Justice Louisiana Samuel Blatchford February 19, 1894
(Acclamation)
March 12, 1894

December 18, 1910
(Continued as chief justice)
Rufus Wheeler Peckham cph.3b30513.jpg Rufus W. Peckham Associate Justice New York Howell Edmunds Jackson December 9, 1895
(Acclamation)
January 6, 1896

October 24, 1909
(Died)

Notable cases in 163 U.S.

1904 caricature of "White" and "Jim Crow" rail cars by John T. McCutcheon JimCrowCar2.jpg
1904 caricature of "White" and "Jim Crow" rail cars by John T. McCutcheon

Plessy v. Ferguson

Plessy v. Ferguson , 163 U.S. 537 (1896), is regarded as one of the worst decisions in U.S. Supreme Court history, solidifying the practice of "Jim Crow". [2] It is a landmark decision in which the Court ruled that racial segregation laws did not violate the U.S. Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal". [3] [4] The decision legitimized the many state laws re-establishing racial segregation that had been passed in the American South after the end of the Reconstruction Era (1865–1877). Despite its infamy, the decision itself has never been explicitly overruled. [5] But a series of the Court's later decisions, beginning with the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education which held that the "separate but equal" doctrine is unconstitutional in the context of public schools and educational facilitieshave severely weakened Plessy to the point that it is considered to have been de facto overruled. [6]

Wong Wing v. United States

In Wong Wing v. United States , 163 U.S. 228 (1896), the Supreme Court found that the 5th and 6th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution forbid imprisonment without a jury trial for non-citizens convicted of illegal entry to, or presence in, the United States. This case established that non-citizens subject to criminal proceedings are entitled to the same constitutional protections available to citizens. The ruling was issued on the same day as the court upheld racial segregation laws in its infamous Plessy v. Ferguson decision.

Lucas v. United States

In Lucas v. United States , 163 U.S. 612 (1896), the Supreme Court held that whether a Negro freedman was a member of the Choctaw Nation was a question of fact for a jury, and his non-Indian status may not be presumed.

Ball v. United States

Ball v. United States , 163 U.S. 662 (1896), is one of the earliest Supreme Court cases interpreting the Double Jeopardy Clause. Departing from the English common law rule, and from early decisions of the state high courts of New York and Massachusetts, the Court held that—under the Double Jeopardy Clause—the insufficiency of an initial indictment did not result in a jeopardy bar of acquittal, as long as the first court had jurisdiction.

Citation style

Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.

The Judiciary Act of 1891 created the United States Courts of Appeals and reassigned the jurisdiction of most routine appeals from the district and circuit courts to these appellate courts. The Act created nine new courts that were originally known as the "United States Circuit Courts of Appeals." The new courts had jurisdiction over most appeals of lower court decisions. The Supreme Court could review either legal issues that a court of appeals certified or decisions of court of appeals by writ of certiorari.

Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions.

List of cases in volume 163 U.S.

Case NamePage & yearOpinion of the CourtConcurring opinion(s)Dissenting opinion(s)Lower CourtDisposition
Western Union T. Co. v. Taggart 1 (1896) Graynonenone Ind. affirmed
Farmers' L. & T. Co. v. Chicago, P. & S. Ry. Co. 31 (1896) Brewernonenone C.C.W.D. Wis. affirmed
Kirk v. United States 49 (1896) Brownnonenone Ct. Cl. affirmed
Wiggan v. Conolly 56 (1896) Brewernonenone Kan. affirmed
Dibble v. Bellingham B.L. Co. 63 (1896) Fullernonenone Wash. dismissed
Cornell v. Green 75 (1896) GraynoneBrown C.C.N.D. Ill. dismissed
Lowe v. Kansas 81 (1896) GraynoneBrown Kan. affirmed
Northern P.R.R. Co. v. Egeland 93 (1896) Peckhamnonenone 8th Cir. affirmed
Telfener v. Russ 100 (1896) Fieldnonenone 5th Cir. rehearing denied
Murray v. Louisiana 101 (1896) Shirasnonenone La. affirmed
Salina S. Co. v. Salina C.I. Co. 109 (1896) Shirasnonenone Sup. Ct. Terr. Utah affirmed
Barnitz v. Beverly 118 (1896) Shirasnonenone Kan. reversed
United States v. Rider 132 (1896) Fullernonenone C.C.S.D. Ohio dismissed
Harrison v. United States 140 (1896) Fullernonenone N.D. Ala. reversed
Illinois C.R.R. Co. v. Illinois 142 (1896) Graynonenone Ill. reversed
Webster v. Daly 155 (1896) Fullernonenone C.C.S.D.N.Y. dismissed
Perego v. Dodge 160 (1896) Fullernonenone Sup. Ct. Terr. Utah affirmed
Singer Mfg. Co. v. June Mfg. Co 169 (1896) Whitenonenone C.C.N.D. Ill. reversed
Singer Mfg. Co. v. Bent 205 (1896) Whitenonenone C.C.N.D. Ill. reversed
Bacon v. Texas 207 (1896) Peckhamnonenone Tex. Civ. App. dismissed
Wong Wing v. United States 228 (1896) ShirasFieldField C.C.E.D. Mich. reversed
United States v. Winchester & P.R.R. Co. 244 (1896) Harlannonenone Ct. Cl. reversed
United States v. Laws 258 (1896) Peckhamnonenone 6th Cir. certification
Edwards v. Bates Cnty. 269 (1896) Whitenonenone C.C.W.D. Mo. reversed
Hanford v. Davies 273 (1896) Harlannonenone C.C.D. Wash. affirmed
Rio Grande W. Ry. Co. v. Leak 280 (1896) Harlannonenone Sup. Ct. Terr. Utah affirmed
Knights of Pythias v. Kalinski 289 (1896) Brownnonenone 5th Cir. affirmed
Hennington v. Georgia 299 (1896) HarlannoneFuller Ga. affirmed
Huntington v. Saunders 319 (1896) Fullernonenone 1st Cir. dismissed
Burfenning v. Chicago et al. Ry. Co. 321 (1896) Brewernonenone Minn. affirmed
Union Nat'l Bank v. Louisville et al. Ry. Co. 325 (1896) Brewernonenone Ill. dismissed
Webster v. Luther 331 (1896) Harlannonenone Minn. affirmed
Hilborn v. United States 342 (1896) Brownnonenone Ct. Cl. affirmed
The Steamer Coquitlam 346 (1896) Harlannonenone 9th Cir. certification
Texas & P. Ry. Co. v. Gentry 353 (1896) Harlannonenone 5th Cir. affirmed
Southern P.R.R. Co. v. Tomlinson 369 (1896) Graynonenone Sup. Ct. Terr. Ariz. reversed
Talton v. Mayes 376 (1896) Whitenonenone C.C.W.D. Ark. affirmed
Meyer v. Richards 385 (1896) Whitenonenone C.C.E.D. La. reversed
Bank of Comm. v. Tennessee 416 (1896) Peckhamnonenone Tenn. multiple
United States v. Realty Co. 427 (1896) Peckhamnonenone C.C.E.D. La. affirmed
Black v. Elkhorn M. Co. 445 (1896) Peckhamnonenone 9th Cir. affirmed
Faust v. United States 452 (1896) Shirasnonenone N.D. Tex. affirmed
Eddy v. Lafayette 456 (1896) Shirasnonenone 8th Cir. affirmed
Grayson v. Lynch 468 (1896) Brownnonenone Sup. Ct. Terr. N.M. affirmed
Union P. Ry. Co. v. James 485 (1896) Brewernonenone 8th Cir. affirmed
Missouri et al. Ry. Co. v. Cook 491 (1896) Fullernonenone Kan. affirmed
United States v. Allen 499 (1896) Whitenonenone 9th Cir. reversed
Ward v. Race Horse 504 (1896) WhitenoneBrown C.C.D. Wyo. reversed
Indiana v. Kentucky 520 (1896) Fullernonenone original boundary set
Plessy v. Ferguson 537 (1896) BrownnoneHarlan La. affirmed
Union P. Ry. Co. v. Chicago et al. Ry. Co. 564 (1896) FullernoneShiras 8th Cir. affirmed
Lucas v. United States 612 (1896) Shirasnonenone C.C.W.D. Ark. reversed
Brown v. Wygant 618 (1896) Shirasnonenone Sup. Ct. D.C. affirmed
United States v. Perkins 625 (1896) Brownnonenone N.Y. Sup. Ct. affirmed
United States v. Fitch 631 (1896) per curiam nonenone N.Y. Sup. Ct. affirmed
Wiborg v. United States 632 (1896) FullernoneHarlan E.D. Pa. multiple
United States v. Ball 662 (1896) Graynonenone C.C.E.D. Tex. multiple

Notes and references

    1. "Supreme Court Research Guide". Georgetown Law Library. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
    2. Amar (2011) , p. 76; Epstein (1995) , p. 99.
    3. Nowak & Rotunda (2012), § 18.8(c).
    4. Groves, Harry E. (1951). "Separate but Equal—The Doctrine of Plessy v. Ferguson". Phylon. 12 (1): 66–72. doi:10.2307/272323. JSTOR   272323.
    5. Lofgren (1987), pp. 204–05.
    6. Schauer (1997), pp. 279–80.

    Sources

    See also