This is the history of Niger. See also the history of Africa and the history of West Africa.
Politics of Niger takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Niger is head of state and the Prime Minister of Niger head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly.
Mahamadou Issoufou is a Nigerien politician who served as the president of Niger from 7 April 2011 to 2 April 2021. Issoufou was the prime minister of Niger from 1993 to 1994, president of the National Assembly from 1995 to 1996, and he was a candidate in each presidential election from 1993 to 2016. He led the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS-Tarayya), a social democratic party, from its foundation in 1990 until his election as president in 2011. During the presidency of Mamadou Tandja (1999–2010), Issoufou was the main opposition leader.
The Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism is a political party in Niger. It is a broadly left-leaning party, part of the Socialist International, and in 2011, it has been in power following the election of the former long-time leader, Mahamadou Issoufou. Mohamed Bazoum is the former President of the party and the former Secretary-General is Foumakoye Gado.
Mohamed Bazoum is a Nigerien politician who served as the 10th president of Niger from 2021 to 2023. He assumed office in April 2021 after winning the 2020–21 presidential election and surviving a failed coup d'état attempt. He was ousted in the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état by members of the presidential guard and the armed forces led by Abdourahamane Tchiani.
Hassoumi Massaoudou is a Nigerien politician who served as minister of Foreign Affairs of Niger from 2021 to 2023. He served as minister of Finance from October 2016 to January 2019. A leading member of the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism (PNDS-Tarayya), he was minister of Communication, Culture, Youth and Sports from 1993 to 1994, president of the PNDS Parliamentary Group from 1999 to 2004, director of the Cabinet of the President from 2011 to 2013, minister of the Interior from 2013 to 2016, and minister of National Defense in 2016.
The Republic of Niger has had seven constitutions, two substantial constitutional revisions, and two periods of rule by decree since its independence from French colonial rule in 1960. The "Seventh Republic" operated under the Constitution of 2010 until its dissolution in 2023 by General Abdourahamane Tchiani in a coup d'état.
The 2021 Nigerien coup d'etat attempt occurred on 31 March at around 3 am WAT after gunfire erupted in the streets of Niamey, the capital of Niger, two days before the inauguration of president-elect Mohamed Bazoum.
On 26 July 2023, a coup d'état occurred in Niger when the country's presidential guard detained President Mohamed Bazoum, and Presidential Guard commander General Abdourahamane Tchiani proclaimed himself the leader of a new military junta, shortly after confirming the coup a success.
Salifou Modi is a Nigerien Army divisional general who is the vice-president of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland, the military junta of Niger. He served as the Chief of staff the Armed Forces of Niger from 2020 to 2023. On 1 June 2023, he was appointed Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates. Following the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état, Modi was named as vice-president of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland, the official name for the military junta.
The National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland is the ruling military junta of Niger, following the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état which overthrew Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou's Government.
Amadou Abdramane is a Nigerien Air Force officer who has served as the spokesperson of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland since the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état on 26 July 2023 and participated in the installation of Abdourahamane Tchiani as President of the Republic of the Niger.
Abdourahamane Tchiani is a Nigerien military officer who is the president of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland, the military junta of Niger. He had served as the Chief of the Nigerien Presidential guard (2011–2023). He played a key role in the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état by detaining President Mohamed Bazoum. On 28 July 2023, he announced himself as the leader of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland; the junta that took power two days prior. His coup triggered the 2023 Nigerien crisis.
This article lists events from the year 2023 in Niger.
Moussa Salaou Barmou is a Nigerien military officer and one of the leaders of the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état. On 26 July 2023, he helped oust President Mohamed Bazoum.
On 26 July 2023, a coup d'état occurred in Niger, during which the country's presidential guard removed and detained President Mohamed Bazoum. Subsequently, General Abdourahamane Tchiani, the Commander of the Presidential Guard, proclaimed himself the leader of the country and established the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland, after confirming the success of the coup.
The Council of Resistance for the Republic is a group led by former rebel Leader Rhissa Ag Boula which aims to topple the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland and restore Mohamed Bazoum as President of Niger following his ousting by the military in the 2023 Nigerien coup d'état in July 2023.
The Volunteers for the Defense of Niger is a civilian militia force to combat a potential military intervention by ECOWAS. It is on the side of Abdourahamane Tchiani and the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland, the ruling military junta of Niger, during the 2023 Nigerien crisis.
The Alliance of Sahel States (AoSS) is a mutual defense pact created between Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso on 16 September 2023. The pact was created during the 2023 Nigerien crisis in which the West African political bloc ECOWAS threatened to intervene militarily to restore civilian rule after a coup in Niger earlier that year. All of these three states were increasing ties to Russia during creation of the organization. As such Russia is presumed to be behind this agreement. Josep Borrell, EU Foreign Minister, stated it lead to a ‘new geopolitical configuration’ in the region.
