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This is a list of photographic film formats.
Designation [a] | Type | Introduced | Discontinued | Image size (in × in) | Image size (mm × mm) | Exposures | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
101 | roll film | 1895 | 1956 | 3+1⁄2 × 3+1⁄2 in | 88.9 × 88.9 mm | ||
102 | roll film | 1896 | 1933 | 1 × 2 in | 25.4 × 50.8 mm | One flange has gear teeth | |
103 | roll film | 1896 | 1949 | 100 × 125 mm | |||
104 | roll film | 1897 | 1949 | 4+3⁄4 × 3+3⁄4 in | 120.65 × 95.25 mm | ||
105 | roll film | 1897 | 1949 | 2+1⁄4 × 3+1⁄4 in | 57.15 × 82.55 mm | Like 120 film with 116-size flanges | |
106 | for roll holder | 1898 | 1924 | 3+1⁄2 × 3+1⁄2 in | 88.9 × 88.9 mm | Roll holder films were wound inside out | |
107 | for roll holder | 1898 | 1924 | 3+1⁄4 × 4+1⁄4 in | 82.55 × 107.95 mm | ||
108 | for roll holder | 1898 | 1929 | 4+1⁄4 × 3+1⁄4 in | 107.95 × 82.55 mm | ||
109 | for roll holder | 1898 | 1924 | 4 × 5 in | 101.6 × 127 mm | ||
110 (early roll film) | for roll holder | 1898 | 1929 | 5 × 4 in | 127 × 101.6 mm | No relation to the later 110 cartridge format. | |
110 ("Pocket Instamatic") | cartridge | 1972 | Present [2] | 13 × 17 mm | 16 mm stock, registration perforated Introduced with Kodak's "Pocket Instamatic" series Daylight, Transparency, Black & White Fujifilm ceased 110 production in 2009. Lomography revived the format in 2011. Contents | ||
111 | for roll holder | 1898 | Unknown | 6+1⁄2 × 4+3⁄4 in | 165.1 × 120.65 mm | Possibly discontinued 1924/9 | |
112 | for roll holder | 1898 | 1924 | 7 × 5 in | 177.8 × 127 mm | ||
113 | for roll holder | 1898 | Unknown | 90 × 120 mm | Possibly discontinued 1924/9 | ||
114 | for roll holder | 1898 | Unknown | 120 × 90 mm | Possibly discontinued 1924/9 | ||
115 | roll film | 1898 | 1949 | 6+3⁄4 × 4+3⁄4 in | 171.45 × 120.65 mm | ||
116 | roll film | 1899 | 1984 | 2+1⁄2 × 4+1⁄4 in | 63.5 × 107.95 mm | Like 616 film with wider flanges | |
117 | roll film | 1900 | 1949 | 2+1⁄4 × 2+1⁄4 in | 57.15 × 57.15 mm | 6 | Like 620 spool with 120 keyslot |
118 | roll film | 1900 | 1961 | 3+1⁄4 × 4+1⁄4 in | 82.55 × 107.95 mm | 3.474-inch spool | |
119 | roll film | 1900 | 1940 | 4+1⁄4 × 3+1⁄4 in | 107.95 × 82.55 mm | ||
120 | roll film | 1901 | Present | 2+1⁄4 × 3+1⁄4 in 2+1⁄4 × 2+1⁄4 in 2+1⁄4 × 1+5⁄8 in | 56 × 70 mm | 8 10 12–13 15–16 | 2.4 inch (60.96 mm) stock, unperforated, paper-backed |
121 | roll film | 1902 | 1941 | 1+5⁄8 × 2+1⁄2 in | |||
122 | roll film | 1903 | 1971 | 3+1⁄4 × 5+1⁄2 in | 82.55 × 139.7 mm | 6 or 10 | Postcard format |
123 | roll film | 1904 | 1949 | 4 × 5 in | 101.6 × 127 mm | ||
124 | roll film | 1905 | 1961 | 3+1⁄4 × 4+1⁄4 in | 82.55 × 107.95 mm | 3.716-inch spool: same picture size as 118 with longer spool | |
125 | roll film | 1905 | 1949 | 3+1⁄4 × 5+1⁄2 in | 82.55 × 139.7 mm | like 122 on longer spool; also for stereo pairs, 3+1⁄4 in × 2+1⁄2 in × 2 | |
126 (early roll film) | roll film | 1906 | 1949 | 4+1⁄4 × 6+1⁄2 in | 107.95 × 165.1 mm | No relation to the 126 cartridge format introduced in 1963. | |
126 ("Instamatic") | cartridge | 1963 | 2008 | 26.5 × 26.5 mm | 12, 20 (later 24) | 35 mm stock, registration perforated Introduced with first "Instamatic" cameras under the name "Kodapak" | |
127 | roll film | 1912 | Present | 1+5⁄8 × 2+1⁄2 in 1+5⁄8 × 1+5⁄8 in 1+5⁄8 × 1+1⁄4 in | 8 12 16 | 46 mm stock, "Vest Pocket" | |
128 | roll film | 1912 | 1941 | 1+1⁄2 × 2+1⁄4 in | 38.1 × 57.15 mm | for Houghton Ensignette #E1 [3] | |
129 | roll film | 1912 | 1951 | 1+7⁄8 × 3 in | for Houghton Ensignette #E2 | ||
130 | roll film | 1916 | 1961 | 2+7⁄8 × 4+7⁄8 in | |||
135 | cartridge | 1934 | Present | 24 × 36 mm | 24 or 36 | 35 mm stock, double perforated formerly available in 12, 18, 20, or 72 exposures [4] By far the most popular format since the mid-1960s. | |
220 | roll film | 1965 | Present | 2+1⁄4 × 3+1⁄4 in 2+1⁄4 × 2+1⁄4 in 2+1⁄4 × 1+5⁄8 in | 60 × 70 mm | 18 21 24–27 30–33 | 2.4-inch (60.96 mm) stock, unperforated, no backing paper Twice as long as 12F Final films in 220 were professional films for commercial/wedding photography; Kodak Portra (2015) and Fujifilm Colour Negative and Reversal (2017 in Japan only). Ilford ceased 220 production in 2004 after their 220 spooling plant broke down. SHANGHAI JIANCHENG is now making 220 film. [5] |
235 | loading spool | 1934 | Unknown | 24 × 36 mm | 35 mm film in daylight-loading spool | ||
240 / APS | cartridge | 1996 | 2011 | 30.2 × 16.7 mm | 15, 25, or 40 | 24 mm stock, registration perforated Daylight, Transparency, Black & White (Chromogenic 400CN) | |
335 | stereo pairs | 1952 | Unknown | 24 × 24 mm | 20 pairs | Special length for Realist format stereo pairs | |
435 | loading spool | 1934 | Unknown | 24 × 36 mm | 35 mm film in daylight-loading spool | ||
50 | for roll holder | 1915 | March 1941 | 3+1⁄4 × 2+1⁄4 in | for Graflex rollholder | ||
51 | for roll holder | 1915 | Feb 1951 | 4+1⁄4 × 3+1⁄4 in | for Graflex rollholder | ||
52 | for roll holder | 1915 | Mar 1949 | 5+1⁄2 × 3+1⁄4 in | for Graflex rollholder | ||
53 | for roll holder | 1915 | Feb 1951 | 5 × 4 in | for Graflex rollholder | ||
54 | for roll holder | 1915 | Mar 1949 | 7 × 5 in | for Graflex rollholder | ||
500 | film pack | 1911 | 1948 | 1+3⁄4 × 2+3⁄8 in | 12 | redefined 1921 as 1+5⁄8 × 2+7⁄16 in | |
515 | film pack | 1905 | 1955 | 5 × 7 in | 12 | ||
516 | film pack | 1909 | 1955 | 2+1⁄2 × 4+1⁄4 in | 12 | ||
518 | film pack | 1903 | 1976 | 3+1⁄4 × 4+1⁄4 in | 12 sheets | ||
520 | film pack | 1906 | 1976 | 2+1⁄4 × 3+1⁄4 in | 16 sheets | ||
522 | film pack | 1904 | 1955 | 3+1⁄4 × 5+1⁄2 in | 12 sheets | 3A postcard | |
523 | film pack | 1904 | 4 × 5 in | 12 sheets | |||
526 | film pack | 1920 | 1941 | 4+3⁄4 × 6+1⁄2 in | |||
531 | film pack | 1926 | 1941 | 2+9⁄32 × 5+11⁄32 in | 60 × 130 mm | ||
540 | film pack | 1920 | 1941 | 1+3⁄4 × 4+1⁄4 in | |||
541 | film pack | 1920 | 1941 | 3+1⁄2 × 4+3⁄4 | 12 | 90 × 120 mm | |
542 | film pack | 1911 | 1948 | 3 × 5+1⁄4 in | 75 × 135 mm | ||
543 | film pack | 1920 | 1948 | 3+3⁄4 × 5+1⁄2 in | 12 | 100 × 150 mm | |
616 | roll film | 1931 | 1984 | 2+1⁄2 × 4+1⁄4 in or 2+1⁄2 × 2+1⁄8 in | 6, later 8 | Similar to 116 film but on a thinner spool | |
620 | roll film | 1932 | 1995 | Similar to 120 film but on a thinner spool | |||
828 | roll film | 1935 | 1985 | 28 × 40 mm | 8 | 35 mm, one perforation per frame Bantam | |
35 | roll film | 1916 | 1933 | 1+1⁄4 × 1+3⁄4 in | 35 mm stock, unperforated | ||
00 UniveX | roll film | 1933 | 1+1⁄2 × 1+1⁄8 in | 6 | made by Gevaert | ||
Hit (for example TONE camera) | roll film | 1937 | Unknown | 14 × 14 mm | 10 [6] | 17.5 mm stock; used in imported miniature toy cameras [7] | |
Disc | cassette | 1982 | 1998 | 8 × 11 mm | 15 | circular sheet of film attached to rigid carrier | |
Half-frame | cartridge | 1934, later than | Present | 18 × 24 mm | 48 or 72 | 135 film in "half-frame" cameras | |
Minox | cartridge | 1938 | Present | 8 × 11 mm | 15, 36 or 50 | nominally 9.5 mm-wide stock (in reality 9.2–9.3 mm) | |
Karat | cartridge | 1936 | 1963 | Early AGFA cartridge for 35 mm film | |||
Rapid | cartridge | 1964 | 1990s | 24 × 24 mm 18 × 24 mm | 12 16 | AGFA cartridge for 35 mm film (replaced Karat, same system) | |
SL | cartridge | 1958 | 1990 | 24 × 36 mm 24 × 24 mm 18 × 24 mm | 12 16 24 | Orwo Schnell-Lade Kassette for 35 mm film | |
Kassette 16 | cartridge | 1978 | 1990s | 13 × 17 mm | 20 | Orwo, 16 mm stock, central perforation (holes between frames) Introduced exclusively for the Pentacon k16 camera | |
Super 16 (Rollei) | cartridge | 1963 | 1981 | 13 × 17 mm | 18 | Rollei, 16 mm stock, perforation on both edges? with kino film (?) only by Rollei for the Rollei 16 camera; also Wirgin Edixa 16 (Franka / alka 16) | |
Minolta-16 | cartridge | 1955 | 1974 | 10 × 14 mm (original) 13 × 17 mm (later) | 20 | Minolta, 16 mm stock, originally double perforated (single perforated or unperforated film could be loaded), later single perf to allow larger 13 × 17 mm image |
For roll holder means film for cartridge roll holders, allowing roll film to be used with cameras designed to use glass plates. These were spooled with the emulsion facing outward, rather than inward as in film designed for native roll-film cameras. Types 106 to 114 were for Eastman-Walker rollholders, while types 50 to 54 were for Graflex rollholders.
The primary reason there were so many different negative formats in the early days was that prints were made by contact, without use of an enlarger. The film format would thus be exactly the same as the size of the print—so if you wanted large prints, you would have to use a large camera and corresponding film format.
Before World War II, each film manufacturer used its own system of numbering for the various sizes of rollfilms they made. The following sortable table shows the corresponding numbers. A blank space means that manufacturer did not make film in that size. Two numbers in one box refers to films available with different numbers of exposures, usually 6 and either 10 or 12. Spool length is measured between inner faces of the flanges; several films of the same image size were available on different spools to fit different cameras.
Eastman | AGFA | Ansco | Ensign | Vulcan | Seneca | Rexo | Spool length (in) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
101 | H6 | 8A, 8B | 3+1⁄2-inch | 202 | 303 | 3.661 | |
102 | 1B | 1+1⁄2-inch | 204 | 1.655 | |||
103 | K6 | 10A, 10B | 4-inch | 206 | 3.912 | ||
104 | L6 | 12A, 12B | 5-inch | 208 | 5.064 | ||
105 | C6 | 5A, 5B | 2+1⁄4-inch C | 210 | 315 | 2.509 | |
115 | 13A, 13B | 7-inch | 230 | 7.126 | |||
116 | D6 | 6A, 6B | 2+1⁄2-inch | 232 | 348 | 425, 426 | 2.814 |
117 | B1 | 3A | 2+1⁄4-inch A | 234 | 2.470 | ||
118 | E6 | 7A, 7B | 3+1⁄4-inch | 236 | 354 | 430, 431 | 3.474 |
119 | 11A, 11B | 4+1⁄4-inch | 238 | 4.490 | |||
120 | B2 | 4A | 2+1⁄4-inch B | 240 | 360 | 415 | 2.466 |
121 | AB6 | 2A, 2B | 1+5⁄8-inch | 242 | 1.850 | ||
122 | G6, G10 | 18A, 18B | 3+1⁄4-inch A | 244 | 366 | 445, 446 | 3.715 |
123 | J6 | 10C, 10D | 4-inch A | 246 | 4.693 | ||
124 | F6 | 7C, 7D | 3+1⁄4-inch B | 248 | 372 | 435 | 3.716 |
125 | 18C, 18D | 3+1⁄4-inch C | 250 | 375 | 3.912 | ||
126 | 19A | 4+1⁄4-inch A | 252 | 4.898 | |||
127 | A8 | 2C | Ensignette 1J | 254 | 381 | 407 | 1.860 |
128 | O6 | Ensignette 1 | 1.606 | ||||
129 | N6 | Ensignette 2 | 2.059 | ||||
130 | M6 | 26A, 26B | 2+7⁄8-inch | 260 | 390 | 436, 438 | 3.132 |
616 | PD16 | 2.814 | |||||
620 | PB20 | 2.468 |
Size (inches) | Type |
---|---|
1+5⁄8 × 2+1⁄8 | "sixteenth-plate" tintypes |
2 × 2+1⁄2 | "ninth-plate" tintypes |
2 × 3 | sheet film |
2+1⁄4 × 3+1⁄4 | sheet film |
2+1⁄2 × 3+1⁄2 | "sixth-plate" tintypes |
3 × 4 | sheet film |
3+1⁄8 × 4+1⁄8 | "quarter-plate" tintypes |
3+1⁄4 × 4+1⁄4 | sheet film, [8] "quarter-plate" glass plates |
3+1⁄4 × 5+1⁄2 | postcard or 3A |
4 × 5 | glass plate,sheet film |
4 × 10 | sheet film |
4+1⁄4 × 5+1⁄2 | "half-plate" tintypes |
4+3⁄4 × 6+1⁄2 | "half-plate" glass plates, sheet film |
5 × 7 | sheet film |
6+1⁄2 × 8+1⁄2 | "whole-plate" glass plates, sheet film, tintypes |
7 × 17 | sheet film |
8 × 10 | glass plates,sheet film |
8 × 20 | sheet film |
11 × 14 | sheet film |
12 × 20 | sheet film |
14 × 17 | sheet film |
16 × 20 | sheet film |
20 × 24 | sheet film |
Size (cm) | Type |
---|---|
6.5 × 9 | sheet film |
9 × 12 | glass plate, sheet film |
10 × 15 | sheet film |
13 × 18 | sheet film |
18 × 24 | sheet film |
24 × 30 | sheet film |
Designation | Type | Introduced | Discontinued | Image size | Exposures | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type 20 | Polaroid roll film cartridge | 1965 | 1979 | 2+1⁄8 × 2+7⁄8 in | 8 | |
Type 30 | Polaroid roll film cartridge | 1954 | 1979 | 2+1⁄8 × 2+7⁄8 in | 8 | |
Type 40 | Polaroid roll film cartridge | 1948 | 1972 (color) 1992 (monochrome) | 2+7⁄8 × 3+3⁄4 in | 6 or 8 | |
Type 50 | Polaroid peel-apart film pack | 19?? | 2008 | 4 × 5 in | Including Type 55 | |
Type 80 | Polaroid peel-apart film pack | 1971 | 2006 | 2+3⁄4 × 2+7⁄8 | 8 or 10 | |
Type 100 | Polaroid peel-apart film pack | 1963 | 2016 by Fujifilm . [9] Reintroduced in 2018 | 2+7⁄8 × 3+3⁄4 in | 8, 10 or 11 | Discontinued by Polaroid in 2008. Produced and sold by Fujifilm until 2016, when it was discontinued. [9] New 100 type film made by One Instant introduced in 2018 |
SX-70, Type 600 | Polaroid integral film pack | 1972 | – | 3+1⁄8 × 3+1⁄8 in | 8 or 10 | Discontinued by Polaroid in 2008; reintroduced by Impossible Project in 2010. |
Kodak Instant | Kodak integral film pack | 1976 | 1986 | 91 × 67 mm | 10 | |
F Series | Fuji integral film pack | 1981 | c. 1990 | 91 × 69 mm | Film compatible with Kodak Instant, but in a different cartridge and rated at a (slightly) different speed | |
Kodamatic | Kodak integral film pack | c. 1980 | 1986 | 91 × 67 mm | 10 | |
Trimprint, Instagraphic | Kodak peel-apart film pack | 1983 | 1986 | 4 × 3+1⁄2 in | 10 | [10] [11] |
System 800 | Fuji integral film pack | 2010 | 91 × 69 mm | |||
Spectra, Type 700, Type 1200 | Polaroid integral film pack | 1986 | Oct. 2019 | 3+5⁄8 × 2+7⁄8 in | 10 or 12 with original Polaroid; 8 with Polaroid Originals/Impossible Project | Discontinued by Polaroid in 2008; reintroduced by Impossible Project in 2010; discontinued by Polaroid Originals in 2019. |
Captiva, Type 500 | Polaroid integral film pack | 1993 | 2006 | 2+7⁄8 × 2+1⁄8 in | 10 | |
InstantACE | Fuji integral film pack | 2010 | 91 × 69 mm | |||
8 × 10 | Polaroid film pack | 19?? | – | 8 × 10 in | 1 | Discontinued by Polaroid; reintroduced by Impossible Project. |
i-Zone | Polaroid integral film pack | 1997 | 2006 | 36 × 24 mm | 12 | |
Fujifilm Instax Mini, PolaroidMio, PolaroidType 300 | Fuji/Polaroid integral film pack | 1998 [12] [13] [14] | – | 46 × 62 mm | 10 | |
Instax Wide | Fuji integral film pack | 1999 [14] | – | 99 × 62 mm | 10 | |
Instax Pivi | Fuji integral film pack | 2004 | – | 46 × 61 mm | ||
I-Type | Impossible integral film pack | 2016 | – | 3+1⁄8 × 3+1⁄8 in | 8 | Same image format as Polaroid Type 600, but the film cartridge does not contain a battery |
Instax Square | Fuji integral film pack | 2017 | – | 62 × 62 mm | 10 | |
Go | Polaroid integral film pack | 2021 | – | 2.12 × 2.62 in | 8 | The film cartridge does not contain a battery |
Film stock is an analog medium that is used for recording motion pictures or animation. It is recorded on by a movie camera, developed, edited, and projected onto a screen using a movie projector. It is a strip or sheet of transparent plastic film base coated on one side with a gelatin emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals. The sizes and other characteristics of the crystals determine the sensitivity, contrast and resolution of the film. The emulsion will gradually darken if left exposed to light, but the process is too slow and incomplete to be of any practical use. Instead, a very short exposure to the image formed by a camera lens is used to produce only a very slight chemical change, proportional to the amount of light absorbed by each crystal. This creates an invisible latent image in the emulsion, which can be chemically developed into a visible photograph. In addition to visible light, all films are sensitive to X-rays and high-energy particles. Most are at least slightly sensitive to invisible ultraviolet (UV) light. Some special-purpose films are sensitive into the infrared (IR) region of the spectrum.
8 mm film is a motion picture film format in which the film strip is eight millimetres (0.31 in) wide. It exists in two main versions – the original standard 8 mm film, also known as regular 8 mm, and Super 8. Although both standard 8 mm and Super 8 are 8 mm wide, Super 8 has a larger image area because of its smaller and more widely spaced perforations.
135 film, more popularly referred to as 35 mm film or 35 mm, is a format of photographic film with a film gauge of 35 mm (1.4 in) loaded into a standardized type of magazine for use in 135 film cameras.
120 is a film format for still photography introduced by Kodak for their Brownie No. 2 in 1901. It was originally intended for amateur photography but was later superseded in this role by 135 film. 120 film survives to this day as the only medium format film that is readily available to both professionals and amateur enthusiasts.
127 is a roll film format for still photography introduced by Kodak in 1912.
126 film is a cartridge-based film format used in still photography. It was introduced by Kodak in 1963, and is associated mainly with low-end point-and-shoot cameras, particularly Kodak's own Instamatic series of cameras.
110 is a cartridge-based film format used in still photography. It was introduced by Kodak in 1972. 110 is essentially a miniaturized version of Kodak's earlier 126 film format. Each frame is 13 mm × 17 mm, with one registration hole. Cartridges with 12, 20, or 24 frames are available on-line. Production variations sometimes have allowed for an additional image.
Advanced Photo System (APS) is a film format for consumer still photography first marketed in 1996 and discontinued in 2011. It was sold by various manufacturers under several brand names, including Eastman Kodak (Advantix), FujiFilm (Nexia), Agfa (Futura) and Konica (Centuria). Development was led by Kodak starting in the mid-1980s.
Disc film is a discontinued still-photography film format that was aimed at the consumer market. It was introduced by Kodak in 1982.
DX encoding is a standard for marking 35 mm and APS photographic film and film cartridges, originally introduced by Kodak in 1983. It includes multiple markings, which are a latent image barcode on the bottom edge of the film, below the sprocket holes, a conductive pattern on the cartridge used by automatic cameras, and a barcode on the cartridge read by photo-finishing machines.
Roll film or rollfilm is any type of spool-wound photographic film protected from white light exposure by a paper backing. The term originated in contrast to sheet film. Confusingly, roll film was originally often referred to as "cartridge" film because of its resemblance to a shotgun cartridge.
Medium format has traditionally referred to a film format in photography and the related cameras and equipment that use film. Nowadays, the term applies to film and digital cameras that record images on media larger than the 24 mm × 36 mm used in 35 mm photography, but smaller than 4 in × 5 in.
An instant camera is a camera which uses self-developing film to create a chemically developed print shortly after taking the picture. Polaroid Corporation pioneered consumer-friendly instant cameras and film, and were followed by various other manufacturers.
Instant film is a type of photographic film that was introduced by Polaroid Corporation to produce a visible image within minutes or seconds of the photograph's exposure. The film contains the chemicals needed for developing and fixing the photograph, and the camera exposes and initiates the developing process after a photo has been taken.
616 film was originally produced by Kodak in 1932 for the Kodak Six-16 camera.
A film holder is a accessory that holds one or more pieces of photographic film, for insertion into a camera or optical scanning device such as a dedicated film scanner or a flatbed scanner with film scanning capabilities. The widest use of the term refers to a device that holds sheet film for use in large format cameras, but it can also refer to various interchangeable devices in medium format or even 135 film camera systems.
Analog photography, also known as film photography, is a term usually applied to photography that uses chemical processes to capture an image, typically on paper, film or a hard plate. These processes were the only methods available to photographers for more than a cetury prior to the invention of digital photography, which uses electronic sensors to record images to digital media. Analog electronic photography was sometimes used in the late 20th century but soon died out.
Photographic film is a strip or sheet of transparent film base coated on one side with a gelatin emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals. The sizes and other characteristics of the crystals determine the sensitivity, contrast, and resolution of the film. Film is typically segmented in frames, that give rise to separate photographs.