Nakuru

Last updated

Nakuru
City
Golden life mall, Nakuru.jpg
Uhuru Gardens, Nakuru.jpg
Pandit Nehru Rd, Nakuru.jpg
Moi rd, Nakuru.jpg
Clockwise from top: Golden life mall, Pundit Nehru road, Moi road, Uhuru Gardens public park.
Nicknames: 
  • Naks-vegas
  • The fourth city
Kenya adm location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Nakuru
Location of Nakuru
Coordinates: 0°18′S36°4′E / 0.300°S 36.067°E / -0.300; 36.067
CountryFlag of Kenya.svg  Kenya
County Nakuru County
Founded1904
Government
 • Type County Government
 • BodyCounty Assembly
 • GovernorSusan Kihika
Elevation
1,850 m (6,070 ft)
Population
[1]
 •  Urban
570,674
Time zone UTC+3 (EAT)

Nakuru is a city in the Rift Valley region of Kenya. It is the capital of Nakuru County, and is the third largest urban area in Kenya. As of 2019, Nakuru has an urban population of 570,674, [2] making it the largest urban centre in the Rift Valley, succeeding Eldoret, Uasin Gishu County. The city lies along the Nairobi–Nakuru Highway, 160 kilometres (99 mi) from Nairobi.

Contents

History

Nakuru in 1913 Jules Leclercq- Aux sources du Nil-1913-station ferroviaire de Nakourou.jpg
Nakuru in 1913

Archaeological discoveries were located about 8 kilometres (26,000 ft) from the Central Business District at Hyrax Hill. [3] [4]

The city was incepted on 28 January 1904 when a local area one mile away from the railway station's main entrance was proclaimed to be a township.[ by whom? ] [5] The name of the town was derived from the Maasai-speaking people of Kenya.

During the colonial era, the British established Nakuru as part of the White Highlands and became a municipality in 1952.

After the founding of the Republic of Kenya, the first and second presidents of Kenya, Jomo Kenyatta and Daniel Arap Moi respectively, had their semi-official residences. The city had been known for Kenyan politics and was home to politicians such as Kariuki Chotara, Kihika Kimani, Mirugi Kariuki, and Koigi Wamwere.

During the 2007 post-election violence, dozens of buildings in Nakuru were burnt to the ground. [6]

On 3 June 2021, Nakuru was no longer a municipality after the Kenyan Senate voted that its status was adequate enough to be a city. [7] [8] Following the Senate of Kenya's approval in June, the President of the Republic of Kenya chartered Nakuru on 1 December 2021. [9] It is the fourth urban center in Kenya to be declared a city after Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kisumu. [10]

Geography

View of Nakuru City and Lake Nakuru from Milimani area Ben Omwaka.jpg
View of Nakuru City and Lake Nakuru from Milimani area

The city of Nakuru is situated in Nakuru County, Kenya. It lies 1,850 meters above sea level. [11]

Climate

Nakuru has temperate and subtropical highland climates; temperatures fall significantly at night and between June and August. [12]

Climate data for Nakuru
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)27.3
(81.1)		27.9
(82.2)		28.0
(82.4)		25.8
(78.4)		24.8
(76.6)		24.4
(75.9)		23.8
(74.8)		24.1
(75.4)		25.5
(77.9)		25.3
(77.5)		24.4
(75.9)		25.8
(78.4)		25.6
(78.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)8.7
(47.7)		9.2
(48.6)		9.9
(49.8)		11.6
(52.9)		11.2
(52.2)		10.2
(50.4)		10.1
(50.2)		9.8
(49.6)		8.9
(48.0)		9.1
(48.4)		10.0
(50.0)		8.9
(48.0)		9.8
(49.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)29
(1.1)		45
(1.8)		69
(2.7)		141
(5.6)		130
(5.1)		79
(3.1)		92
(3.6)		105
(4.1)		89
(3.5)		70
(2.8)		70
(2.8)		44
(1.7)		963
(37.9)
Average precipitation days66917151112141112136132
Source: World Meteorological Organization [13]
Kenyatta Avenue, Nakuru Nakuru, Kenyata Avenue - panoramio.jpg
Kenyatta Avenue, Nakuru
Nyayo Gardens Nyayo gardens.JPG
Nyayo Gardens

Gardens

The Nyayo Gardens are located along Kenyatta Avenue in Nakuru.

Economy

Agriculture, manufacturing and tourism make up the economy of Nakuru. Around the city, it is widely known for its agricultural activity. The main crops grown include coffee, wheat, barley, maize, beans, and potatoes. These crops are stored in massive silos at the outskirts of the city, stored by the National Cereals and Produce Board and Lesiolo Grain Handlers Limited. The crops are the main sources for manufacturing industries found in Nakuru and Nairobi, such as flour milling and grain ginneries. Dairy farming is the main supplier for milk processing plants within Nakuru.

Some manufacturing industries include the production of soaps, motorcycles, batteries, and gardening equipment.

Nakuru is one of Kenya's largest hubs for retail supermarket chains with The Nakumatt, Naivas, Tuskys, and Gilanis being founded.

The city is also a centre for various retail businesses that provide goods and services to the manufacturing and agricultural sectors. A large public market lies to the west of the town on the main thoroughfare to the capital, Nairobi.

Human resources

Education

Mount Kenya University (MKU) Nakuru Town branch Mount Kenya University, Nakuru.jpg
Mount Kenya University (MKU) Nakuru Town branch

Nakuru is the home of Egerton University and Kabarak University, a private university associated with former President Moi's business and religious interests. Mount Kenya University, University of Nairobi and Kenyatta University have campuses situated here.

Nakuru contains numerous public and private secondary schools. Public schools include Nakuru Boys High School and Nakuru Girls High School (formerly Nakuru High School), Menengai High School, and Nakuru Day Secondary School.

A user at the Nakuru knls Library Martin Gicinga at Nakuru Public Library.jpg
A user at the Nakuru knls Library

There is a public library run by the Kenya National Library Service.

Public health

The Nakuru hospital is one of the largest in the county, historically the biggest in the province of Rift Valley. It is also home to the Nakuru War Memorial Hospital, opened shortly after World War I by Norman Jewell to commemorate troops.

Public safety

Police and law enforcement

Nakuru has a fire department that can be accessed by calling 911. The number can be called in case of any other emergencies.

Transportation

Train passing by Nakuru Train passing by Nakuru town.jpg
Train passing by Nakuru
Signpost in Menengai Forest, Nakuru Menengai Forest Summit.jpg
Signpost in Menengai Forest, Nakuru

Air

Nakuru is home to the Lanet Airstrip, later approved in 2017 to be upgraded to an international airport by the Ministry of Transport and the county government.

Nakuru is also home to Kabarak Airstrip, located 20 kilometres (12 mi) away from the city centre.

Road

Dondori Road C86 links the city to central Kenya. The Eldoret-Nairobi highway passes through this city, linking Uasin Gishu County with Nairobi.

Rail

The Rift Valley Railways narrow gauge track runs through the city with a railway station located on the edge of the CBD. It connects to cities Nairobi and Mombasa to the east, and Kisumu and Eldoret to the west.

The government extended the newer standard gauge railway from Nairobi to Nakuru and Kisumu with a new station. The railway line reached the neighboring town of Naivasha in June 2019.

Tourism

Flamingos on Lake Nakuru Flamingos, Lake Nakuru.jpg
Flamingos on Lake Nakuru

Two kilometers south of the town of Nakuru is Lake Nakuru, one of the Rift Valley soda lakes, which forms part of the Lake Nakuru National Park. The park was declared a rhino sanctuary in 1983 [14] a Ramsar site in 1990, and as an Important Bird Area in 2009. [15] [16] The park is internationally known for its dense flamingo population. It is an important feeding site for great white pelicans that nest in nearby Lake Elmenteita. [16] The park is home to over 450 species of birds and 56 mammal species, including Rothchild's giraffes. [15]

Another point of interest includes Menengai Crater, a dormant volcano. Small fumaroles and steam vents can regularly be observed within the forested caldera from above. The second largest surviving volcanic crater in the world, it plunges 483 meters down from the rim, and the summit is accessible by walking or driving 8 kilometers to Nyahururu. The wood-covered crater ground is a nature reserve.

Nakuru's closest tourist destinations are Lake Bogoria and Lake Baringo in Baringo County.

The Hyrax Hill prehistoric site, discovered by the Leakeys in 1926, is considered a major Neolithic and Iron Age site. The adjoining museum features findings from various nearby excavations.

Nakuru Skyline with Lake Nakuru in the background.jpg
A section of the Nakuru skyline. Lake Nakuru is on the far end.

Culture and contemporary life

Cuisine

The food culture of Nakuru includes a variety of local and international cuisines.[ clarification needed ]

Sports

Afraha Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Nakuru, Kenya. It is mainly used for football matches, and it is the home stadium of Nakuru AllStars — part of the Kenyan Premier League — and Ulinzi Stars of the Kenyan Premier League. The stadium holds 8,200 people and opened in 1948. It is two kilometres from the famous Lake Nakuru National Park. Although it was used for playing sports, Afraha Stadium became famous for hosting many political meetings, including the GEMA promoted change The Constitution Series held in the 1970s. The former ruling party KANU also held many prominent meetings during the presidency of Daniel arap Moi. [17]

Nakuru has local skaters and skateboarders in the Maasai market area on weekends.

The Rift Valley Sports Club lies in the centre of the city. The club was started in 1907 [18] by white European settlers who had settled in Nakuru in the early 1900s. A number of sporting activities are hosted at this club, including cricket. The local Indian community can be found at cricket fixtures throughout the year.

The city hosts an annual rugby festival, The Great Rift 10-a-side, featuring teams throughout the East Africa region. It is held at the Nakuru Athletics Club. Nakuru is one of six cities to host a leg of the national rugby sevens circuit. Nakuru's part in the competition is referred to as the prinsloo sevens. It has contributed to one of Nakuru's nicknames, Nax Vegas.

A motor racing track, Nakuru Park (not to be confused with the Langa Langa circuit near Gilgil), operated in the Lake View Estate area from 1956 until the mid 1980s. [19]

Demographics and surrounding towns

Nakuru is host to a diverse populace from across Kenya making it fit the description of a cosmopolitan city. The city predominantly comprises of ethnic communities such as the Kikuyu people, Kalenjin, Luhya, Gusii, Luo,people of Indian descent among others. Moreover, some settler families still live in the area today. However, the majority, about 70% of Nakuru's Population is kikuyu community with the kalenjin coming at the second place. According to the 2019 Kenya Population Census, Nakuru had the third-largest urban population in Kenya.

The diverse populace of Nakuru gives makes it a hub for entrepreneurship. It also gives it a blend of culture underpinning the city's culture of hospitality and cuisine. [20]

Surrounding towns include the residential town Lanet, approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Nakuru. Njoro lies 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Nakuru and is a small agricultural town with a local university aimed at promoting agricultural development in Kenya, namely Egerton University established in 1934.

Government

Nakuru is the headquarters of the Nakuru County in the counties of Kenya. The current governor is Susan Kihika, and the Member of Parliament for the town is David Gikaria. The senator for Nakuru is Tabitha Karanja.

Sister cities

Nakuru is a sister city of East Orange, New Jersey.

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units". Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. p. 252. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  2. ↑ "Kenya | U.S. Agency for International Development" (PDF). Kenya.usaid.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 February 2013. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
  3. ↑ "Nakuru – Kenya – Margiti! The Market Place". Margiti.com. 20 March 2012. Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
  4. ↑ "About Us1 – County Government of Nakuru". Archived from the original on 28 October 2018. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  5. ↑ Huxley, Elspeth (1980). Pioneers' Scrapbook: Reminiscences of Kenya, 1890 to 1968. Evans Bros. ISBN   0237505606.
  6. ↑ "Africa | Curfew after Kenya town clashes". BBC News. 25 January 2008. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017. Retrieved 10 December 2013.
  7. ↑ June 04 2021, Friday (4 June 2021). "Senate approves Nakuru bid for city status". Business Daily. Retrieved 16 June 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  8. ↑ Gachuhi, Kennedy. "Nakuru town's long journey to city status". The Standard. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  9. ↑ "Nakuru County Becomes Kenya's Fourth City". The Kenya Forum. 2 December 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  10. ↑ Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (21 February 2020). 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units (Report). Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. p. 241. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 3 March 2020. Distribution of Population by Urban Centers Nairobi: 4,397,073; Mombasa: 1,208,333; Nakuru: 570,674; Ruiru; 490,120; Eldoret: 475,716; Kisumu: 397,957
  11. ↑ "History of Nakuru – County Government of Nakuru" . Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  12. ↑ "Climate Nakuru: Temperature, climate graph, Climate table for Nakuru - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 2 August 2022.
  13. ↑ "World Weather Information Service – Nakuru". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  14. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Lake Nakuru National Park". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  15. 1 2 Ramsar (1 June 2012). "Wetland Tourism Case Study: Kenya - Lake Nakuru" (PDF). Ramsar. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  16. 1 2 "BirdLife Data Zone". datazone.birdlife.org. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  17. ↑ Mkawale, Steve. "Same stadium, different occasions: Why Afraha is significant to 2007-08 post-election events". The Standard. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  18. ↑ "Rift Valley Sports Club, Nakuru » Famous Nakuru". Famous Nakuru. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
  19. ↑ Galpin, Darren. "Nakuru". GEL Motorsport Information Page. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  20. ↑ "2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume III: Distribution of Population by Age and Sex". Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.

Bibliography

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