South Park Historic District (Dayton, Ohio)

Last updated

South Park
South Park Historic District in Dayton.jpg
Houses on Perrine Street
USA Ohio location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Usa edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 39°44′54″N84°10′44″W / 39.7483333°N 84.1788889°W / 39.7483333; -84.1788889
Built1880s
Architectural style Second Empire, High Victorian Italianate, Queen Anne, Federal and Romanesque Revival
NRHP reference No. 84003794 [1]  (original)
88000857  (increase)
Significant dates
Added to NRHPAugust 23, 1984
Boundary increaseJune 16, 1988

South Park is a 24-block, 150-acre area of more than 780 structures primarily dating from the 1880s to the early twentieth century. It is located south of downtown Dayton, Ohio, just north of the University of Dayton campus and Woodland Cemetery, and east of Miami Valley Hospital. Mainly residential in character, South Park is significant because of the variety of its architecture, which includes vernacular, cottage, and high style examples, and because of its association with John H. Patterson, founder of the National Cash Register Company (NCR).

Contents

Slidertown

Children in the gardens of the National Cash Register Company Children in the gardens of the National Cash Register Company, Dayton, Ohio LOC agc.7a17671.jpg
Children in the gardens of the National Cash Register Company

The first structures were built in Sliderstown, named after Reverend Slider, in the mid-1800s. [2]

When John H. Patterson founded the National Cash Register Company in 1884, [3] the neighborhood around the factory complex, Slidertown, had a poor reputation. [4] To encourage workers to live closer in a beautiful environment, Patterson employed corporate welfare and began to clean up the area. He hired the Olmsted Brothers to design the landscape around the factory and recreate the neighborhood's cottage gardens as models for residents. [4] [5] Residents also learned the principals of good planting so they had the skills to plant and maintain their own yards, and prizes were awarded for the best gardens. [5] In 1897, the National Cash Register Company's Boys' Garden was founded to create a connection for boys in the neighborhood to learn responsibility that would ultimately make them successful citizens and workers and dissuade them from becoming a nuisance. [4] [6]

In addition to the landscaping, a kindergarten was established and the factory itself was the first "daylight factory" to complete the beautification of the workers environments. [5] By 1901, the area had become a garden-filled community and was known as the desirable neighborhood "South Park." [5]

Until the advent of the automobile enabled NCR workers to move further afield, the neighborhood continued to be associated with Patterson's firm. Many company picnics and other functions took place on Park Drive Boulevard in the heart of the district. [7]

Historic district

Boundaries of the historic district SouthParkHDMap.svg
Boundaries of the historic district

On August 23, 1984, South Park was registered on the National Register of Historic Places, bounding streets Park Dr., Morton Ave., Hickory St., and Wayne Ave. (No. 84003794). On July 16, 1988, this expanded to encompass Wyoming St., Nathan Pl., Oak St., Alberta St. and Blaine St. (No. 88000857). [8] City of Dayton Ordinance #26219. [9]

In 2007, South Park was chosen by the Dayton chapter of the American Institute of Architects as its community partner. This resulted in the creation of housing designs and landscaping concepts consistent with South Park's participation in Rehabarama in both 2001 and 2007. [10]

Architecture

Structures

The architecture of South Park includes examples of Second Empire, High Victorian Italianate, Queen Anne, Federal and Romanesque Revival in one- and two-story structures of brick and frame. South Park still preserves a sense of close-knit neighborhood whose residents cooperate to maintain the many neighborhood parks which give the district its special flavor.

Landscape

Commissioned by Patterson, John Charles Olmsted was responsible for the layout of Park Drive's landscape. This boulevard once adorned a fountain centerpiece and waterway running through its middle. [2]

Notable people

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NCR Voyix</span> American software company

NCR Voyix Corporation, previously known as NCR Corporation and National Cash Register, is an American software, consulting and technology company providing several professional services and electronic products. It manufactured self-service kiosks, point-of-sale terminals, automated teller machines, check processing systems, and barcode scanners.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Canton, Baltimore</span> Neighborhood of Baltimore in Maryland, United States

Canton is a historic waterfront neighborhood in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The neighborhood is along Baltimore's outer harbor in the southeastern section of the city, roughly 2 miles (3 km) east of Baltimore's downtown district and next to or near the neighborhoods of Patterson Park, Fell's Point, Highlandtown, and Brewers Hill.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Woodbridge, Detroit</span> United States historic place

Woodbridge is a historic neighborhood of primarily Victorian homes located in Detroit, Michigan. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, with later boundary increases in 1997 and 2008. In addition to its historic value, Woodbridge is also notable for being an intact neighborhood of turn-of-the-century homes within walking or biking distance of Detroit's Downtown, Midtown, New Center, and Corktown neighborhoods.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Henry Patterson (NCR owner)</span> American industrialist

John Henry Patterson was an industrialist and founder of the National Cash Register Company. He was a businessperson and salesperson. He headed relief efforts after the 1913 Dayton flood, and successfully promoted the city manager form of government.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Andrew Deeds</span> American engineer and industrialist (1874–1960)

Edward Andrew Deeds was an American engineer, inventor and industrialist prominent in the Dayton, Ohio, area. He was the president of the National Cash Register Company and, together with Charles F. Kettering, founded Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company (Delco), an early innovator in automotive technology. Deeds partnered with the Orville Wright in an early airplane manufacturing venture and led the military aircraft production effort in World War I.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Montgomery County Historical Society</span>

The Montgomery County Historical Society, located in Dayton, Ohio, USA, was designated as official historian of Montgomery County, Ohio, and of the cultural heritage of Ohio's Miami Valley. In 2005, the Society merged with Dayton's Carillon Historical Park to form Dayton History.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Kessler</span> American pioneer city planner and landscape architect

George Edward Kessler was an American pioneer city planner and landscape architect.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Washington Park, Denver</span> United States historic place

Washington Park is a neighborhood and public urban park in Denver, Colorado. The Washington Park is a blend of historic and contemporary styles of architecture. The park was first developed by Architect Reinhard Schuetze in 1899. Its design was influenced by city planner Kessler, the Olmsted Brothers and philanthropist Margaret "Molly" Brown. The park is popular with both tourists and area residents, with some comparing it to New York City's Central Park. Apart from activities such as walking, biking or volleyball, the park serves as a center for community gatherings, such as the annual Furry Scurry. Wedding receptions are often held in the historic boathouse pavilion. In 2012 the American Planning Association designated the park one of its “Great Public Spaces in America”.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Charles Olmsted</span> American landscape architect

John Charles Olmsted was an American landscape architect. The nephew and adopted son of Frederick Law Olmsted, he worked with his father and his younger brother, Frederick Law Olmsted Jr., in their father's firm. After their father retired, the brothers took over leadership and founded Olmsted Brothers as a landscape design firm. The firm became well known for designing many urban parks, college campuses, and other public places. John Olmsted's body of work from over 40 years as a landscape architect has left its mark on the American urban landscape.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patterson Homestead</span> Historic house in Ohio, United States

The Patterson Homestead is a historic house museum located at 1815 Brown Street in Dayton, Ohio, United States. It was built in 1816 by American Revolutionary War veteran Colonel Robert Patterson.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marconi Plaza</span> Urban park square in Philadelphia

Marconi Plaza is an urban park square located in South Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The plaza was named to recognize the 20th-century cultural identity in Philadelphia of the surrounding Italian American enclave neighborhood and became the designation location of the annual Columbus Day Parade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">City Park, Denver</span> Park and neighborhood in Colorado, US

City Park is an urban park and neighborhood in Denver, Colorado. The park is 330 acres (1.3 km2) and is located in east-central Denver. The park contains the Denver Zoo, the Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Ferril and Duck Lakes, and a boathouse. City Park is also the name of the neighborhood that contains the park, though the park is the vast majority of the neighborhood. To the immediate north of the park is the City Park Golf Course. City Park is the largest park in Denver.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oregon Historic District</span> Historic district in Ohio, United States

The Oregon Historic District is a neighborhood in Dayton, Ohio. The Oregon District includes one of the earliest surviving combinations of commercial and residential architecture in Dayton. Examples of Dayton's architectural history from 1820 to 1915 line the brick streets and lanes in this 12 square block area. Styles range from Federal to Queen Anne. Excellent examples of late Victorian commercial and residential architecture illustrate both the entrepreneurial success and the increasing affluence of many Oregon merchants and residents. The district is populated with art galleries, specialty shops, pubs, nightclubs, and coffee houses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Washington Park (Chicago park)</span> Public park in Chicago, Illinois

Washington Park is a 372-acre (1.5 km2) park between Cottage Grove Avenue and Martin Luther King Drive, located at 5531 S. Martin Luther King Dr. in the Washington Park community area on the South Side of Chicago. It was named for President George Washington in 1880. Washington Park is the largest of four Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington. Located in the park is the DuSable Museum of African American History. This park was the proposed site of the Olympic Stadium and the Olympic swimming venue for Chicago's bid to host the 2016 Summer Olympics. Washington Park was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 20, 2004.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wawaset Park, Wilmington, Delaware</span> United States historic place

Wawaset Park is a planned community national historic district located on the western edge of the City of Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware. The area was formerly the grounds of Schuetzen Park, a horse racing and later auto racing track and fairgrounds. It was purchased in 1917 by the DuPont Company and developed into single-family houses, semi-detached and row houses to meet the housing need for the company's expanding corporate staff. The historic district encompasses 321 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parkridge, Knoxville</span> United States historic place

Parkridge is a neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, located off Magnolia Avenue east of the city's downtown area. Developed as a streetcar suburb for Knoxville's professional class in the 1890s, the neighborhood was incorporated as the separate city of Park City in 1907, and annexed by Knoxville in 1917. In the early 1900s, the neighborhood provided housing for workers at the nearby Standard Knitting Mill factory.

Richard Sharp Smith was an English-born American architect, noted for his association with George W. Vanderbilt's Biltmore Estate and Asheville, North Carolina. Smith worked for some of America's important architectural firms of the late 19th century—Richard Morris Hunt, Bradford Lee Gilbert, and Reid & Reid—before establishing his practice in Asheville. His most significant body of work is in Asheville and Western North Carolina, including dozens of buildings that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places or are contributing structures to National Register Historic Districts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indianapolis Park and Boulevard System</span> United States historic place

The Indianapolis Park and Boulevard System is a group of parks, parkways, and boulevards in Indianapolis, Indiana, that was designed by landscape architect George Edward Kessler in the early part of the twentieth century. Also known as the Kessler System, the district includes 3,474 acres (1,406 ha) and has shaped the city through the present day. This historic district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franklin Park (Columbus, Ohio)</span> Place

Franklin Park is a neighborhood located on the Near East Side of Columbus, Ohio. Both the historic neighborhood and landmark, the Franklin Park Conservatory and Botanical Gardens, are named after the 88-acre park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockwood, Spokane</span> Spokane Neighborhood in Washington, United States

Rockwood is a neighborhood in Spokane, Washington. It is located on the south side of the city to the southeast of Downtown Spokane and expanding southeasterly from close to the city center. Its proximity to downtown makes it one of Spokane's older neighborhoods, with mature trees lining most of its streets. Due to its location on the hill leading up from the Spokane River Valley, the street grid breaks down in many places around Rockwood. The most notable of these is along the winding Rockwood Boulevard, which was designed by the Olmsted Brothers and weaves its way from the northwesternmost corner of the neighborhood through the center and across to the eastern border, highlighting the basalt bluffs and other natural topography.

References

  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. 1 2 "From Slidertown to South Park, neighborhood has a long history". Dayton Daily News. October 11, 2007. Retrieved January 14, 2024.
  3. "History of NCR - Over a Century of Innovation". www.ncr.com. Retrieved January 14, 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 Lawson, Laura J. (2005). City Bountiful: A Century of Community Gardening in America. University of California Press. pp. 104–106. ISBN   0-520-24343-9.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Foster, Olive Hyde (1901). "Reforms Through Landscape Art". Fine Arts Journal. 12 (1): 36–38. ISSN   2151-2760. JSTOR   42004908.
  6. The Seed World. Issues Ink. 1920.
  7. "Dayton Daily News: Buck Pasture and Slidertown, A Part of Dayton".
  8. "OHIO - Montgomery County - Historic Districts" . Retrieved August 28, 2006.
  9. "City of Dayton - Historic District Map" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 12, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2013.
  10. "Historic South Park" . Retrieved May 21, 2007.
  11. "Arch interviews Martin Sheen: 'Activism is what I do to stay alive'". dayton-daily-news. Retrieved January 14, 2024.