1970 Alabama Senate election

1970 Alabama Senate election

←  1966 November 3, 1970 1974  →
All 35 seats in the Alabama State Senate 18 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader O.J. Goodwyn (did not stand) — Leland Childs (lost re-election) [a] Party Democratic National Democratic Republican Leader since January 10, 1967 — January 10, 1967 Leader's seat 24th p. 2 — 12th p. 2 Last election 34 seats, 61.2% New 1 seat, 37.6% Seats won 35 0 0 Seat change 1 1 Popular vote 793,931 [b] 173,153 5,582 Percentage 76.42% 16.67% 0.54%
Winners by party Winners by vote share      Democratic hold     Democratic gain Democratic:     60–70%     70–80%     80–90%     90–100%     Unopposed      Votes unknown
President pro tempore before election O.J. Goodwyn Democratic Elected President pro tempore Pierre Pelham Democratic

The 1970 Alabama Senate election took place on Tuesday, November 3, 1970, to elect 35 representatives to serve four-year terms in the Alabama Senate. The result was an electoral wipeout, as all 35 candidates elected were members of the Democratic Party. Every single seat was won by a white male Democrat. ^[1] In the previous general election, one Republican, Leland Childs, was elected, but had unsuccessfully sought re-election as a Democrat. ^[2]

The Democratic primaries were held on May 5 with runoffs on June 2, which candidates had until February 28 to qualify for. Neither the Republican Party nor the NDPA held primaries for state office, instead opting to nominate by party convention. The Republican convention took place in Birmingham on July 17. ^[3]

This was the last state senate election in Alabama before a 1973 federal court order mandated a new legislative map with single-member districts. At this point, the state had used a mixed system of single-member and multi-member districts to allocate seats in the legislature, all based on pre-existing county lines. ^[4]

Summary

Apportionment of the Alabama Senate as of 1970

Single-member:   1-county   2-county   3-county   4-county   5-county (District 10)

Multi-member:   2-member (21st; Montgomery)   3-member (24th; Mobile)   7-member (12th; Jefferson)

Party		Candidates			Seats
		Num.	Vote	%	Before	Won	+/–
	Democratic	35	793,931	76.42%	34	35	1
	NDPA	12	173,153	16.67%	0	0
	Conservative	9	51,114	4.92%	0	0
	Independent Party	2	12,815	1.23%	0	0
	Republican	2	5,582	0.54%	1	0	1
	Whig	1	2,377	0.23%	0	0
Total		61	1,038,972	100%	35	35

By district

†: Incumbent did not run for reelection. ‡: Lost re-nomination.

District	Incumbent	Party		Elected Senator	Party
1st	Stewart O'Bannon		Dem	Stewart O'Bannon		Dem
2nd	Bob Harris		Dem	Bob Harris		Dem
3rd	Jack Giles		Dem	Gene McLain		Dem
4th	Dan Stone‡		Dem	Kenneth Hammond		Dem
5th	Emmet Oden †		Dem	Joe Fine		Dem
6th	Fred Folsom †		Dem	Bob Wilson		Dem
7th	Aubrey Carr		Dem	Aubrey Carr		Dem
8th	Ollie Nabors †		Dem	Richard Malone		Dem
9th	Woodrow Albea‡		Dem	Fred Ray Lybrand		Dem
10th	Jimmy Branyon		Dem	Jimmy Branyon		Dem
11th	E. W. Skidmore †		Dem	Richard Shelby		Dem
12th p. 1	Pat Vacca		Dem	Pat Vacca		Dem
12th p. 2	Leland Childs		Rep [c]	Tom King		Dem
12th p. 3	John Hawkins		Dem	John Hawkins		Dem
12th p. 4	Richard Dominick		Dem	Richard Dominick		Dem
12th p. 5	George L. Bailes		Dem	George L. Bailes		Dem
12th p. 6	Eddie H. Gilmore		Dem	Eddie H. Gilmore		Dem
12th p. 7	Hugh Morrow †		Dem	Doug Cook		Dem
13th	G. Kyser Leonard †		Dem	Robert Weaver		Dem
14th	Walter C. Givhan		Dem	Walter C. Givhan		Dem
15th	W. G. McCarley †		Dem	Obee J. Littleton		Dem
16th	Tom Radney		Dem	Robert H. Wilder		Dem
17th	Bo Torbert †		Dem	Don Horne		Dem
18th	Pat Lindsey		Dem	Pat Lindsey		Dem
19th	Roland Cooper		Dem	Roland Cooper		Dem
20th	Alton Turner †		Dem	Crum Foshee		Dem
21st p. 1	Junie Pierce		Dem	Junie Pierce		Dem
21st p. 2	O. J. Goodwyn		Dem	Tom Jones		Dem
22nd	W. Ray Lolley‡		Dem	L. L. Dozier		Dem
23rd	James S. Clark		Dem	James S. Clark		Dem
24th p. 1	L. W. Noonan		Dem	L. W. Noonan		Dem
24th p. 2	Pierre Pelham		Dem	Pierre Pelham		Dem
24th p. 3	William McDermott		Dem	Robert W. Edington		Dem
25th	J. Ernest Jackon †		Dem	Dick Owen Jr.		Dem
26th	Jim Adams †		Dem	Larry Register		Dem

Incumbents

Won re-election

The following incumbent senators sought and won re-election:

• District 1: Stewart O'Bannon
• District 2: Bob Harris
• District 7: Aubrey Carr
• District 10: Jimmy Branyon
• District 12, place 1: Pat Vacca
• District 12, place 3: John Hawkins
• District 12, place 4: Richard Dominick
• District 12, place 5: George L. Bailes
• District 12, place 6: Eddie H. Gilmore
• District 14: Walter C. Givhan
• District 18: Pat Lindsey
• District 19: Roland Cooper
• District 21, place 1: Junie Pierce
• District 23: James S. Clark
• District 24, place 1: L. W. Noonan
• District 24, place 2: Pierre Pelham

Eliminated in primary

The following incumbent senators were defeated at their respective Democratic primary:

• District 4: Dan Stone lost re-nomination to Kenneth Hammond.
• District 9: Woodrow lost re-nomination to Albea Fred Lybrand.
• District 12, place 2: Leland Childs (R–Jefferson) ran for re-election as a Democrat, but lost the nomination to Tom King.
• District 22: W. Ray Lolley lost re-nomination to L. L. Dozier.

Did not seek re-election

The following incumbent senators did not seek re-election:

• District 3: Jack Giles (D–Madison) ran unsuccessfully for lieutenant governor.
• District 5: Emmet Oden (D–Franklin) retired.
• District 6: Fred Folsom (D–Cullman) retired.
• District 8: Ollie Nabors (D–Etowah) retired.
• District 11: E. W. Skidmore (D–Tuscaloosa) retired.
• District 12, place 7: Hugh Morrow (D–Jefferson) ran unsuccessfully for lieutenant governor.
• District 13: G. Kyser Leonard (D–Talladega) was elected probate judge of Talladega County. ^[5]
• District 15: W. G. McCarley (D–Autauga) ran unsuccessfully for Place No. 2 on the Alabama Public Service Commission.
• District 16: Tom Radney (D–Tallapoosa) ran unsuccessfully for lieutenant governor.
• District 17: Bo Torbert (D–Lee) retired.
• District 20: Alton Turner (D–Crenshaw) retired.
• District 21, place 2: President pro tempore O. J. Goodwyn (D–Montgomery) ran unsuccessfully for lieutenant governor.
• District 24, place 3: William McDermott (D–Mobile) retired.
• District 25: J. Ernest Jackon (D–Escambia) ran unsuccessfully for an Alabama House of Representatives seat in Escambia County. ^[6]
• District 26: Jim Adams (D–Houston) retired.

General election results

District	Democratic			National Democratic			Others			Total			Ref
	Candidate	Votes	%	Candidate	Votes	%	Candidate	Votes	%	Votes	Maj.	Mrg.
2nd	Bob Harris (inc.)	18,226	95.10%	Tom King	940	4.90%	—	—	—	19,166	+17,286	+90.19%	[7]
7th	Aubrey Carr (inc.)	6,153	93.68%	Lynn Ridgeway	415	6.32%	—	—	—	6,568	+5,738	+87.36%	[8]
9th	Fred Ray Lybrand	13,934	76.74%	—	—	—	Robert Simmons Jr. (Rep.)	4,223	23.26%	18,157	+9,711	+53.48%	[9]
10th	Jimmy Branyon (inc.)	Won		H. Western	Lost		—	—	—	Unknown			[1]
12th p. 1	Pat Vacca (inc.)	93,826	74.39%	John Billingsley	25,917	20.55%	William Mori (Con.)	6,380	5.06%	126,123	+67,909	+53.84%	[10] [11]
12th p. 2	Tom King	91,650	72.30%	T. L. Crowell	24,001	18.93%	Lionel Ledbetter (Con.)	11,104	8.76%	126,755	+67,649	+53.37%
12th p. 3	John Hawkins (inc.)	98,577	79.88%	Herbert Johnson	22,448	18.19%	Virginia Davis (Whi.)	2,377	1.93%	123,402	+76,129	+61.69%
12th p. 4	Richard Dominick (inc.)	90,759	72.56%	William. M. Pruitt	23,062	18.44%	William L. Gann (Con.)	11,255	9.00%	125,076	+67,697	+54.12%
12th p. 5	George L. Bailes (inc.)	87,568	68.52%	Georgia Price	23,816	18.64%	2 others [d]	16,412	12.85%	127,796	+63,752	+49.89%
12th p. 6	Eddie H. Gilmore (inc.)	96,054	77.00%	Charles F. Williams	23,160	18.57%	Homer Sanders (Con.)	5,534	4.44%	124,748	+72,894	+58.43%
12th p. 7	Doug Cook	95,265	76.25%	Emory. L. Whittaker	24,424	19.55%	Wesley Jacobs (Con.)	5,242	4.20%	124,931	+70,841	+56.70%
16th	Robert H. Wilder	6,290	84.17%	—	—	—	Bill Lacy (Con.)	1,183	15.83%	7,473	+5,107	+68.34%	[12]
18th	Pat Lindsay (inc.)	9,503	65.12%	O. B. Wilson	3,731	25.57%	E. T. Rolison Jr. (Rep.)	1,359	9.31%	14,593	+5,772	+39.55%	[13]
19th	Roland Cooper (inc.)	5,879	82.59%	Damon Kiel	1,239	17.41%	—	—	—	7,118	+4,640	+65.19%	[14]
21st p. 2	Tom Jones	27,372	95.43%	—	—	—	Virgil Chrane (Con.)	1,311	4.57%	28,683	+26,061	+90.86%	[15]
23rd	James S. Clark (inc.)	4,689	92.41%	—	—	—	Zeke Calhoun (AIP)	385	7.59%	5,074	+4,304	+84.82%	[16]
24th p. 3	Robert W. Edington	48,186	90.39%	—	—	—	W. C. Boykin (Con.)	5,123	9.61%	53,309	+43,063	+80.78%	[17]

Elected without opposition

The following candidates were the only candidates to file for their district's general election:

• District 1: Stewart O'Bannon (inc.)
• District 3: Gene McLain
• District 4: Kenneth Hammond
• District 5: Joe Fine
• District 6: Bob Wilson
• District 8: Richard Malone
• District 11: Richard Shelby
• District 13: Robert Weaver
• District 14: Walter C. Givhan
• District 15: Obee J. Littleton
• District 17: Don Horne
• District 20: Crum Foshee
• District 21, place 1: Junie Pierce (inc.)
• District 22: L. L. Dozier
• District 24, place 1: L. W. Noonan
• District 24, place 2: Pierre Pelham (inc.)
• District 25: Dick Owen
• District 26: Larry Register

Democratic primary results

Five Black Americans ran in the state senate primaries. Henry Parker, Larry F. Haygood and Austin Sumbry were eliminated in the first round in May, while L. H. Pitts and L. L. Anderson advanced to the June runoff. ^[18] Neither won the Democratic nomination.

Runoff results by district

Three incumbent senators won re-nomination in the runoff, while three lost re-nomination. ^[19] Robert H. Wilder initially faced a runoff in District 16 against L. L. Still, but Still declined to participate in the runoff, allowing Wilder to advance to the general election. ^[20]

Candidates in boldface advanced to the general election. An asterisk (*) denotes a runoff winner who was the runner-up in the first round.

District	Winner			Loser			Total
	Candidate	Votes	%	Candidate	Votes	%	Votes	Maj.	Mrg.
1st	Stewart O'Bannon (inc.)	16,639	50.27%	Murry Beasley	16,459	49.73%	33,098	+180	+0.54%
4th	Kenneth Hammond	16,999	58.23%	Dan Stone (inc.)	12,193	41.77%	29,192	+4,806	+16.46%
6th	Robert Wilson	21,088	54.13%	Hubert Taylor	17,871	45.87%	38,959	+3,217	+8.26%
8th	Richard Malone*	14,922	50.55%	Gary Burns	14,599	49.45%	29,521	+323	+1.09%
9th	Fred Lybrand	13,878	50.49%	Woodrow Albea (inc.)	13,607	49.51%	27,485	+271	+0.99%
12th p. 1	Pat Vacca (inc.)	98,051	56.91%	Lucius Pitts	74,234	43.09%	172,285	+23,817	+13.82%
12th p. 2	Tom King	94,455	57.01%	Leland Childs (inc.)	71,240	42.99%	165,695	+23,215	+14.01%
13th	Robert Weaver	13,440	62.97%	Mallory Hammonds	7,903	37.03%	21,343	+5,537	+25.94%
14th	Walter C. Givhan (inc.)	14,560	65.56%	L. L. Anderson	7,650	34.44%	22,210	+6,910	+31.11%
21st p. 2	W. Tom Jones*	23,423	53.13%	James W. Cameron	20,662	46.87%	44,085	+2,761	+6.26%
22nd	L. L. Dozier*	15,607	51.63%	Neil Metcalf	14,619	48.37%	30,226	+988	+3.27%
26th	Larry Register*	15,489	55.62%	William Matthews	12,358	44.38%	27,847	+3,131	+11.24%
Source: The Huntsville Times [19]

First round results by district

Candidates in boldface advanced to either the general election or a runoff, first-place winners with an asterisk (*) did not face a runoff.

District	First place			Runners-up			Others			Total			Ref.
	Candidate	Votes	%	Candidate	Votes	%	Candidate	Votes	%	Votes	Maj.	Mrg.
1st	Stewart O'Bannon (inc.)	6,025	39.53%	Bob Broadfoot	3,586	23.53%	2 others [e]	5,632	36.95%	15,243	+2,439	+16.00%	[21]
3rd	Gene McLain*	22,548	60.39%	Harry L. Pennington	14,790	39.61%	—	—	—	37,338	+7,758	+20.78%	[22]
4th	Kenneth Hammond	11,188	42.69%	Dan Stone (inc.)	7,965	30.39%	Bernard Cabiness	7,053	26.91%	26,206	+3,223	+12.30%	[23]
5th	Joe Fine*	4,162	58.50%	Thomas E. Snoddy	1,261	17.73%	3 others [f]	1,691	23.77%	7,114	+2,901	+40.78%	[21]
6th	Hubert Taylor	16,864	46.36%	Robert T. Wilson	15,858	43.59%	Leonard Wilson	3,658	10.05%	36,380	+1,006	+2.77%	[24]
7th	Aubrey J. Carr (inc.)*	10,905	52.58%	John W. Starnes	9,835	47.42%	—	—	—	20,740	+1,070	+5.16%	[21]
8th	Gary F. Burns	8,431	44.00%	Richard Malone	7,275	37.96%	Birch Anderson	3,457	18.04%	19,163	+1,156	+6.03%
9th	Fred Lybrand	10,448	45.07%	Woodrow Albea (inc.)	8,861	38.22%	L. S. Suggs	3,875	16.71%	23,184	+1,587	+6.85%	[25]
11th	Richard C. Shelby*	14,006	59.55%	Olin W. Zeanah	9,513	40.45%	—	—	—	23,519	+4,493	+19.10%	[21]
12th p. 1	Paul Vacca (inc.)	73,296	49.90%	Lucius H. Pitts	57,906	39.42%	M. L. Roton	15,693	10.68%	146,895	+15,390	+10.48%	[26]
12th p. 2	Tom King	66,782	47.06%	Leland Childs (inc.)	62,973	44.37%	Curtis Belcher	12,166	8.57%	141,921	+3,809	+2.68%
12th p. 4	Richard Dominick (inc.)*	67,287	51.21%	Jack H. Harrison	57,952	44.10%	Robert S. Watters	6,157	4.69%	131,396	+9,335	+7.10%
12th p. 5	George L. Bailes (inc.)*	70,391	51.12%	Don Watts	50,852	36.93%	H. L. Parker	16,442	11.94%	137,685	+19,539	+14.19%
12th p. 7	Doug Cook*	85,516	66.36%	Louis Moore	31,810	24.68%	Sam L. Chestnut	11,540	8.96%	128,866	+53,706	+41.68%
13th	Robert Weaver	13,752	49.80%	Mallory W. Hammonds	9,035	32.72%	Sam Venable	4,829	17.49%	27,616	+4,717	+17.08%	[27]
14th	Walter C. Givhan (inc.)	6,865	44.22%	Louis Lloyd Anderson	4,820	31.05%	Carl C. Morgan	3,839	24.73%	15,524	+2,045	+13.17%	[28]
15th	Obie Littleton*	12,786	59.52%	Alex Hayes	6,622	30.82%	H. A. Rubin	2,075	9.66%	21,483	+6,164	+28.69%	[21]
16th	Robert H. Wilder	9,285	35.26%	L. L. Still	5,523	20.97%	3 others [g]	11,527	43.77%	26,335	+3,762	+14.29%
17th	Don Horne*	6,011	66.24%	Charles E. Fuller	3,063	33.76%	—	—	—	9,074	+2,948	+32.49%
19th	Roland Cooper (inc.)*	7,874	58.16%	Gene Garrett	4,443	32.82%	Rob Andress	1,222	9.03%	13,539	+3,431	+25.34%	[29]
20th	E. C. Foshee*	15,477	56.88%	Fletcher Jones	11,735	43.12%	—	—	—	27,212	+3,742	+13.75%	[30]
21st p. 1	Junie Pierce (inc.)*	19,898	56.36%	J. C. Snowden	12,155	34.43%	James V. Scoma	3,251	9.21%	35,304	+7,743	+21.93%	[31]
21st p. 2	James W. Cameron	11,975	32.74%	W. Tom Jones	11,666	31.89%	2 others [h]	12,939	35.37%	36,580	+309	+0.84%
22nd	Neil Metcalf	7,522	34.50%	L. L. Dozier	6,269	28.75%	2 others [i]	8,011	36.74%	21,802	+1,253	+5.75%	[21]
23rd	James S. Clark (inc.)*	2,585	75.70%	Austin Sumbry	830	24.30%	—	—	—	3,415	+1,755	+51.39%	[32]
24th p. 3	Robert S. Edington*	32,256	55.33%	Rassie G. Smith	26,045	44.67%	—	—	—	58,301	+6,211	+10.65%	[21]
26th	William Matthews	9,660	43.14%	Larry Register	8,109	36.21%	2 others [j]	4,624	20.65%	22,393	+1,551	+6.93%

Nominated without opposition

The following candidates were the only candidates to file for their district's Democratic primary, which automatically gave them the nomination: ^[33]

• District 2: Bob Harris (inc.)
• District 10: Jimmy Branyon (inc.)
• District 12, place 3: John Hawkins (inc.)
• District 12, place 6: Eddie H. Gilmore (inc.)
• District 18: Pat Lindsey (inc.)
• District 24, place 1: L. W. Noonan
• District 24, place 2: Pierre Pelham (inc.)
• District 25: Dick Owen originally faced opposition in the Democratic primary, but his opponents withdrew. ^[34]

Republican convention

On July 17–18, the Republican state convention nominated three candidates for state senate: ^[35]

• District 9: Robert Simmons Jr.
• District 17: Jerry Cook
• District 18: E. T. Rolison Jr.

Cook, however, had withdrawn as a candidate a few days before the convention. An attempt was made to get Democratic incumbent Bo Torbert to run as a Republican, he rejected the offer. ^[36]

See also

• 1970 Alabama gubernatorial election
• List of Alabama state legislatures

Notes

1. Ran in the Democratic primaries
2. Popular vote total based on combination of complete and incomplete unofficial general election returns. Includes combined totals in multi-member districts and excludes unreported totals in uncontested races.
3. First elected as a Republican, unsuccessfully ran for re-election as a Democrat
4. Don Watts (AIP): 12,430, 9.73%; Jim McLendon (Con.): 3,982, 3.12%
5. James D. Alexander: 2,824, 18.53%; Murray W. Beasley: 2,808, 18.42%
6. Wayne Gentry: 897, 12.61%; Frank Murray: 611, 8.59%; Edsel F. Moore: 183, 2.57%
7. Larry F. Haygood: 4,997, 18.97%; W. C. Forehand: 4,903, 18.62%; Oscar David Cook: 1,627, 6.18%
8. Calvin Whitesell: 10,266, 28.06%; Robert Muncaster: 2,673, 7.31%
9. W. Ray Lolley (inc.): 4,131, 18.95%; John B. Crawley: 3,880, 17.80%
10. Charles H. Davis: 2,334, 10.42%; George L. Keel: 2,290, 10.23%

References

1. "State Senate Stays Male, White, Demo". The Montgomery Advertiser . 5 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
2. "Pro-Wallace men will dominate Senate". The Birmingham News . 9 November 1966. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
3. "Candidates Are Named During Primary Voting". The Montgomery Advertiser . 1 March 1970. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
4. Sellers, Bill (6 February 1974). "Reapportionment Causes Headaches For Many In State". The Mobile Register . Retrieved 31 May 2025.
5. "Voters to decide 13 offices". The Anniston Star . 30 October 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
6. "55 House races will be decided in runoff election". The Birmingham News . 17 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
7. "Morgan Beats NDPA Ticket By Big Edge; Demo Winner In Limestone County Fight". The Huntsville Times . 4 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
8. "Marshall Retains Control of Roads". The Huntsville Times . 4 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
9. Sherman, Mike (4 November 1970). "Democratic sweep cuts GOP effort". The Anniston Star . Retrieved 1 June 2025.
10. "Election oddity-more votes for 2nd spot than 1st". The Birmingham News . 8 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
11. Bennett, James (4 November 1970). "Democrats dash Republican hopes for Jeffco legislative seats". Birmingham Post-Herald . Retrieved 1 June 2025.
12. "Elmore Gives Thumbs Down To Tax Hike". Alabama Journal . 4 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
13. "Late Results of Southwest Alabama Elections Reported". The Mobile Press . 5 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
14. "Late County Results". Alabama Journal . 5 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
15. "Demos Win all Local Legislative Races". The Montgomery Advertiser . Associated Press . Retrieved 1 June 2025.
16. "Charlie Gilmore Elected Sheriff For Barbour". The Dothan Eagle . 4 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
17. "Area Canvass Confirms Unofficial Vote Results". The Mobile Press . 7 November 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
18. "Eight Negroes Make Runoffs". The Huntsville Times . Associated Press. 14 May 2025. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
19. "10 House Members Fall In State Vote". The Huntsville Times . Associated Press. 3 June 1970. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
20. "Official Vote Count in; Candidates Eye Run-offs". Alexander City Outlook . 14 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
21. "Cooper apparently wins another bid; Sen. Givhan ahead". The Birmingham News . 6 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
22. "Box-by-Box Results in Local and State Races". The Huntsville Times . 6 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
23. "Three-County Runoffs Seen". The Huntsville Times . 6 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
24. "11 Senate Seats On Tuesday Ballot". The Montgomery Advertiser . 31 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
25. "Official Vote". The Anniston Star . 7 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
26. Bruer, Frank (14 May 1970). "Official county vote canvass makes no change in standings". Birmingham Post-Herald . Retrieved 2 June 2025.
27. "Five Win In Talladega; Five Offices Go To Runoff". The Anniston Star . 7 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
28. "County Votes To Name Four Local Officers Tuesday". The Selma Times-Journal . 31 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
29. "Sen. Cooper Leading 2 Opponents". The Montgomery Advertiser . 6 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
30. Bailey, Stan (8 May 1970). "Two-County Seat 29 Features Photo Finish". Alabama Journal . Retrieved 2 June 2025.
31. Skinner, Franklin (8 May 1970). "Brewer Wins Montgomery County by 6,148 Votes". The Montgomery Advertiser . Retrieved 2 June 2025.
32. "Little Apparent Barbour County Judge Nominee". The Dothan Eagle . 6 May 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
33. Fox, Al (1 March 1970). "21 legislative candidates draw no opposition in primary". The Birmingham News . Retrieved 2 June 2025.
34. "Johnson Withdraws from Senate Race". The Mobile Press . 18 March 1970. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
35. "GOP Slate". The Mobile Press . 20 July 1970. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
36. "Cook Withdraws From Senate Race". The Opelika-Auburn News . 16 July 1970. Retrieved 3 June 2025.