Calder Highway

Last updated

Calder Highway

Calder Freeway

New South Wales
CalderFreeway.jpg
Calder Freeway facing Mount Macedon
Location Calder Hwy.svg
Coordinates
General information
TypeHighway
Length560.9 km (349 mi) [1]
Gazetted December 1913 (as Main Road) [2]
July 1925 (as State Highway) [3]
Route number(s)
  • AUS Alphanumeric Route A79.svg A79 (1997–present)
    (VIC/NSW border–Ravenswood)
  • AUS Alphanumeric Route M79.svg M79 (1997–present)
    (Ravenswood–Niddrie)
  • AUS Alphanumeric Route A790.svg A790 (1997–present)
    (Calder Alternative Highway: Marong–Ravenswood)
  • Concurrencies:
  • AUS Alphanumeric Route A300.svg A300 (1997–present)
    (Bendigo–Harcourt)
Former
route number
  • Australian state route 40.svg Metro Route 40 (1989–2020) (Keilor–Niddrie)
  • Australian national route 79.svg National Route 79 (1955–1997/2013) (VIC/NSW)
    Entire route
  • Melbourne freeway F90.svg Freeway Route 90 (1972–1987)
    (Keilor–Niddrie)
  • Australian national route ALT79.svg Alternative National Route 79 (1986–1997)
    (Calder Alternative Highway: Marong–Ravenswood)
  • Concurrencies:
  • Australian state route 149.svg State Route 149 (1986–1997)
    (Bendigo–Harcourt)
Major junctions
North endAUS Alphanumeric Route B79.svg Silver City Highway
Curlwaa, New South Wales
 
South endAUS Alphanumeric Route M2.svg Tullamarine Freeway
Airport West, Melbourne
Location(s)
Region Loddon Mallee, Grampians, Greater Melbourne [4]
Major settlements Mildura, Ouyen, Charlton, Bendigo, Harcourt, Malmsbury, Kyneton, Woodend, Macedon, Gisborne, Diggers Rest, Sunbury
Highway system

Calder Highway is a rural highway in Australia, linking Mildura and the Victoria/New South Wales border to Bendigo, in North Central Victoria. South of Bendigo, where the former highway has been upgraded to freeway-standard, Calder Freeway links to Melbourne, subsuming former alignments of Calder Highway; the Victorian Government completed the conversion to freeway standard from Melbourne to Bendigo on 20 April 2009.

Contents

Calder Alternate Highway connects to Calder Highway at either end – just north of Ravenswood, and at Marong – and provides a bypass west of Bendigo.

Route

Calder Highway commences at the intersection with Silver City Highway in Curlwaa (officially a branch of Silver City Highway, yet sign-posted as Calder Highway) and crosses the Murray River into Victoria over the Abbotsford Bridge, then continues in a southeasterly direction as a two-lane, single carriageway rural highway through Merbein and intersects with Sturt Highway just outside the major regional town of Mildura, where widens to a four-lane, dual-carriageway road through southern Mildura and Irymple, in the state's north-west. It narrows back to a two-lane single carriageway road and continues in a southerly direction, meeting Mallee Highway at Ouyen, then in a south-easterly direction through Sea Lake, Wycheproof, Charlton and meeting the northern end of Calder Alternative Highway at Marong eventually to the western suburbs of Bendigo, where it widens to a four-lane, dual-carriageway road as it weaves through the rural city, intersecting with Loddon Valley Highway and meeting with Midland Highway, where it narrows back to a single carriageway road and shares a concurrency through south-western Bendigo, widening again to a dual carriageway through Kangaroo Flat to eventually meet the southern end of Calder Alternative Highway at an interchange in Ravenswood.

Calder Highway becomes Calder Freeway at the Ravenswood interchange and continues in southerly direction as a four-lane, dual-carriageway rural freeway which bypasses the towns along the highway's former alignment. Calder Freeway passes Harcourt - where the shared concurrency with Midland Highway ends, as it travels in a south-westerly direction to the major regional centres of Castlemaine, Ballarat, and Geelong - and continues in a south-easterly direction past Elphinstone, Kyneton, Woodend and Gisborne, to reach the western suburban fringe of Melbourne. It continues in a south-easterly, and then easterly, direction past Calder Park Raceway and Keilor, before eventually terminating at an interchange with Tullamarine Freeway at Airport West.

Within the urban section of Calder Freeway (between Kings Road and Tullamarine Freeway), the standard travel time, in each direction, is 10 minutes; 5 minutes between Kings Road and the Western Ring Road and 5 minutes between the Ring Road and Tullamarine Freeway.

Between Red Cliffs and Wycheproof the highway has a speed limit of 110 km/h.

History

The passing of the Country Roads Act of 1912 [5] through the Parliament of Victoria provided for the establishment of the Country Roads Board (later VicRoads) and their ability to declare Main Roads, taking responsibility for the management, construction and care of the state's major roads from local municipalities. (Melbourne-) Bendigo Road was declared a Main Road over a period of months, from 30 December 1913 (Castlemaine via Harcourt to Ravenswood), [2] to 30 November 1914 (from Keilor through Diggers Rest to Gisborne, and from Woodend through Kyneton and Elphinstone to Castlemaine), [6] to 20 September 1915 (from Ravenswood to Bendigo); [7] (Ouyen-) Sea Lake Road from Ouyen to Mittyack, (Ouyen-) Mildura Road from Ouyen to Hattah, and Wycheproof-Sea Lake Road from Wycheproof to Sea Lake were declared Main Roads on 14 December 1914; [8] and (Charlton-)Wycheproof Road between Charlton and Wycheproof was declared a Main Road on 28 May 1915; [9] and Charlton-(Bridgewater-)Bendigo Road was declared a Main Road, between Bridgewater and Wedderburn to Charlton on 28 May 1915, [9] and between Bendigo and Bridgewater on 20 September 1915. [7]

The passing of the Highways and Vehicles Act of 1924 [10] provided for the declaration of State Highways, roads two-thirds financed by the State government through the Country Roads Board. North Western Highway was declared a State Highway on 1 July 1925, [3] cobbled from a collection of roads from Melbourne through Kyneton, Castlemaine, Bendigo, Sea Lake and Ouyen to Mildura (for a total of 324 miles), subsuming the original declarations of Melbourne-Bendigo Road, Charlton-Bridgewater-Bendigo Road, Charlton-Wycheproof Road, Wycheproof-Sea Lake Road, Ouyen-Sea Lake Road and Ouyen-Mildura Road as Main Roads. North-Western Highway was renamed Calder Highway in 1928, after William Calder, chairman of the Country Roads Board from 1913–28. [11] In the 1959/60 financial year, another section from Elphinstone to Harcourt was added as a deviation bypassing Castlemaine, along the former Elphinstone–Harcourt Road [12] (already having been declared a Main Road by the Country Roads Board in 1937/38 financial year [13] ); the previous alignments of Calder Highway from Elphinstone to Castlemaine, and Castlemaine to Harcourt, were subsumed into Pyrenees Highway and Midland Highway respectively. The first section of Calder Freeway in Melbourne was opened in 1972, over time stretching west to ultimately become a project to convert the road to freeway standard all the way to Bendigo; the freeway upgrade has made sections of the original Calder Highway redundant, either incorporated into the new freeway or acting as local access roads. Calder Alternative Highway was declared in 9 May 1983, along the former Ravenswood–Marong Road. [14] [15]

Calder Highway was later signed National Route 79 in 1955[ citation needed ]; when Midland Highway was allocated State Route 149 in 1986, it shared it as a concurrency along Calder Highway between Harcourt and Bendigo. With Victoria's conversion to the newer alphanumeric system in the late 1990s this was altered to route A79 for the highway portion, and route M79 for the freeway portion into Melbourne (and the concurrency with Midland Highway was replaced with route A300); the New South Wales section was left unallocated when they switched to the alphanumeric system in 2013. Calder Alternative Highway was signed Alternative National Route 79 between Ravenswood and Marong, and was later replaced by route A790.

Originally, Calder Highway ran through northwestern Melbourne as an undivided highway, ultimately through Niddrie as Keilor Road and terminating in Essendon; traffic continued south along Mount Alexander Road to reach central Melbourne. Keilor Road – already heavily congested and supporting a tram line – was eventually bypassed by a freeway-standard road in 1972 to terminate at a junction with Lancefield Road (later upgraded to Tullamarine Freeway), rejoining Calder Highway at the western end of Niddrie; [16] the freeway-standard was extended further west to East Keilor (the future location of the Western Ring Road interchange) in 1975, and to Keilor by the early 1980s. However, it was not until the 1990s that work began to duplicate the rest of the highway to Bendigo.

The Howard government broadened the criteria under which roads qualify for Commonwealth road funding by introducing Roads of National Importance program in the 1996–97 financial year [17] where such declarations were based on the recognition that roads outside the National Highway system also provide social benefits, and were funded jointly with the States and Territories usually on a 50:50 basis. As a major road link between Melbourne, Bendigo, and the state's northwest, supporting the region's primary manufacturing and tourism industries, Calder Highway was declared a Road of National Importance between Melbourne and Bendigo in December 1996. [18] [19]

The passing of the Road Management Act 2004 [20] granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to VicRoads: in 2004, VicRoads re-declared the road as Calder Alternative Highway (Arterial #6200) between Ravenswood and Marong, [21] and in 2011 as Calder Highway (Arterial #6530) between the border with New South Wales at Yelta and the interchange with Calder Alternate Highway and Ravenswood Street in Ravenswood, [22] and as Calder Freeway (Freeway #1530) between Ravenswood and Tullamarine Freeway, Airport West. [23]

Timeline of construction

Tullamarine Freeway meets Calder Freeway. Tullamarine fwy.jpg
Tullamarine Freeway meets Calder Freeway.

1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan

The Calder Highway between the Melton Highway and the Western Ring Road is shown in the 1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan as part of the F4 Freeway corridor, which extends past the Tullamarine Freeway and Bell Street to Templestowe.[ citation needed ]

Upgrades

Western Ring Road to Kings Road

In 2008, VicRoads completed the widening of the Calder Freeway from the Western Ring Road to Melton Highway. The road was widened from 2 lanes each direction to 3 lanes in each direction. The speed limit was reduced permanently from 100 km/h to 80 km/h. [45] The 80 km/h limit applies northbound from Keilor Park Drive to Melton Highway, [46] and southbound it applies from the Green Gully Road bridge to just prior to the Western Ring Road interchange. In October 2010, it was announced that as part of a year long trial, the speed limit on this section of freeway will be increased back to 100 km/h in off-peak times (8pm-5am), with 30 variable speed limits to be installed along the stretch of freeway[ citation needed ]. A further upgrade completed in 2012 resulted in a new interchange at Kings Road (the freeways's urban / metropolitan limits) and closure of three at grade intersections in the area. Despite these upgrades the 80 km/h speed limit remained in place.

Major Intersections and Towns

StateLGALocation [1] [22] [23] km [1] miDestinationsNotes
New South Wales Wentworth Curlwaa 0.00.0AUS Alphanumeric Route B79.svg Silver City Highway (B79)  Buronga, Wentworth, Broken Hill Northern terminus of highway
Murray River 0.4–
0.6
0.25–
0.37
Abbotsford Bridge
State border0.60.37New South Wales – Victoria state border
Victoria Mildura Yelta AUS Alphanumeric Route A79.svg Calder HighwayNorthern terminus of route A79
Merbein 11.37.0AUS Alphanumeric Route C256.svg Ranfurly Way (C256)  Mildura
Mildura 21.113.1AUS Alphanumeric Route A20.svg Sturt Highway (A20 west)  Renmark, Adelaide Concurrency with route A20
23.814.8AUS Alphanumeric Route A20.svg Sturt Highway (A20 east)  Mildura, Balranald, Sydney
25.916.1AUS Alphanumeric Route C255.svg Benetook Avenue (C255)  Buronga
Red Cliffs 38.924.2AUS Alphanumeric Route C254.svg Millewa Road (C254)  Werrimull, Meringur
40.124.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C253.svg Kulkyne Way (C253)  Colignan
Hattah 89.355.5AUS Alphanumeric Route C252.svg Hattah–Robinvale Road (C252)  Robinvale
Ouyen 123.977.0AUS Alphanumeric Route B12.svg Mallee Highway (B12 east)  Piangil, Swan Hill, Balranald, Sydney Concurrency with route B12
124.077.1AUS Alphanumeric Route B12.svg Mallee Highway (B12 west)  Pinnaroo, Murray Bridge, Adelaide
134.783.7AUS Alphanumeric Route B220.svg Sunraysia Highway (B220)  Birchip, Horsham, St Arnaud, Ballarat
Buloke Bimbourie 194.0120.5AUS Alphanumeric Route C248.svg Patchewollock–Sea Lake Road (C248)  Patchewollock
Sea Lake 209.1129.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C251.svg Robinvale–Sea Lake Road (C251)  Robinvale
212.4132.0AUS Alphanumeric Route C246.svg Sea Lake–Swan Hill Road (C246 east)  Swan Hill Concurrency with route C246
212.8132.2AUS Alphanumeric Route C246.svg Birchip–Sea Lake Road (C246 west)  Woomelang, Birchip
Dumosa 273.7170.1AUS Alphanumeric Route C261.svg Donald–Swan Hill Road (C261)  Swan Hill, Donald
Wycheproof 288.0179.0AUS Alphanumeric Route C268.svg Birchip–Wycheproof Road (C268)  Birchip
289.2179.7AUS Alphanumeric Route C267.svg Boort–Wycheproof Road (C267)  Boort
Wycheproof South 295.0183.3AUS Alphanumeric Route C271.svg St Arnaud–Wycheproof Road (C271)  St Arnaud
Charlton 318.3197.8AUS Alphanumeric Route C239.svg Borung Highway (C239)  Donald
318.8198.1AUS Alphanumeric Route C272.svg Charlton–St Arnaud Road (C272)  St Arnaud
320.1198.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C266.svg Boort–Charlton Road (C266)  Boort, Kerang
Loddon Wedderburn 350.4217.7AUS Alphanumeric Route C273.svg Boort–Wedderburn Road (C273 north)  Boort, Kerang Concurrency with route C273
350.6217.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C273.svg Logan–Wedderburn Road (C273 south)  Logan, St Arnaud
Bridgewater 386.1239.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C274.svg Bridgewater–Dunolly Road (C274 south)  Dunolly, Maryborough
AUS Alphanumeric Route C274.svg Bridgewater–Serpentine Road (C274 north)  Serpentine, Kerang
387.0240.5AUS Alphanumeric Route C282.svg Bridgewater–Maldon Road (C282)  Maldon, Castlemaine
Greater Bendigo Marong 409.7254.6AUS Alphanumeric Route A790.svg Calder Alternative Highway (A790)  Ravenswood,
to AUS Alphanumeric Route B240.svg Wimmera Highway   St Arnaud, Horsham
Golden Square 420.6261.3AUS Alphanumeric Route C323.svg Golden Square–Long Gully Road (C323)  Golden Square, Long Gully
Ironbark 422.4262.5AUS Alphanumeric Route B260.svg Loddon Valley Highway (B260)  Eaglehawk, Kerang
422.7262.7AUS Alphanumeric Route C335.svg Eaglehawk Road  White Hills, Echuca, Shepparton
Bendigo 423.6263.2AUS Alphanumeric Route A79.svg Don Street (A79 north)  Marong
AUS Alphanumeric Route A79.svgAUS Alphanumeric Route A300.svg High Street (A79/A300 west, A300 east) – Bendigo city centre
AUS Alphanumeric Route C331.svg Myrtle Street (C331 south)  Quarry Hill, Flora Hill
Calder Highway continues north along Don Street, west along High Street
Northern terminus of concurrency with route A300
Golden Square 426.2264.8AUS Alphanumeric Route C323.svgAUS Alphanumeric Route C353.svg Oak Street (C323 north, C353 south)  Long Gully, Quarry Hill
Kangaroo Flat 428.2266.1AUS Alphanumeric Route C277.svg Bendigo–Maryborough Road (C277)  Maryborough
Ravenswood 438.7272.6AUS Alphanumeric Route A790.svg Calder Alternative Highway (A790 northwest)  Marong, Mildura Southern terminus of Calder Highway and route A79
Northern terminus of Calder Freeway and route M79
Mount Alexander Ravenswood South–Harcourt North boundary446.8277.6Harmony Way  Harcourt, Elphinstone
Fogartys Gap Road (west)  Maldon
At-grade intersection
Barkers CreekHarcourt boundary452.6281.2AUS Alphanumeric Route A300.svg Midland Highway (A300 south-west)  Castlemaine, Ballarat Southern terminus of concurrency with route A300
Elphinstone 465.1289.0AUS Alphanumeric Route B180.svg Pyrenees Highway (B180)  Castlemaine, Metcalfe
Macedon Ranges Malmsbury 479.8298.1AUS Alphanumeric Route C794.svg Old Calder Highway (C794)  Malmsbury, Taradale, Elphinstone
Malmsbury East Road (east) – Greenhill
Kyneton 483.0300.1AUS Alphanumeric Route C793.svg Burton Avenue (C793)  Kyneton At-grade intersection
489.1303.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C326.svg Edgecombe Road (C326 north)  Kyneton, Heathcote
491.1305.2AUS Alphanumeric Route C793.svg Bourke Street (C793 west)  Kyneton
Trio Road (east)  Carlsruhe
Northbound exit and southbound entrance only
Carlsruhe 496.2308.3Springvale Road  Carlsruhe
Woodend North 499.8310.6AUS Alphanumeric Route C792.svg Macedon–Woodend Road (C792)  Woodend Southbound exit and northbound entrance only
Woodend 504.6313.5AUS Alphanumeric Route C324.svg Lancefield–Woodend Road (C324)  Lancefield, Woodend
Macedon 511.9318.1AUS Alphanumeric Route C792.svg Macedon–Woodend Road (C792)  Macedon, Woodend
518.0321.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C322.svg Mount Macedon Road (C322 northeast)  Mount Macedon
AUS Alphanumeric Route C792.svg Macedon–Woodend Road (C792 northwest)  Macedon
Northbound exit and southbound entrance only
GisborneNew Gisborne boundary520.1323.2AUS Alphanumeric Route C708.svgAUS Alphanumeric Route C791.svg Station Road (C708 north, C791 south)  Riddells Creek, Melton
Gisborne 522.9324.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C791.svg Melbourne Road (C791 west)  Gisborne
Emmeline Drive (east) – Gisborne East
Macedon Ranges–Hume boundary Gisborne SouthSunbury boundary528.9328.6Couangalt Road (west)  Gisborne South
Mundy Road (east)  Sunbury
Hume–Melton boundary SunburyDiggers Rest boundary533.9331.8AUS Alphanumeric Route C707.svg Gap Road (C707)  Sunbury
538.9334.9AUS Alphanumeric Route C706.svg Vineyard Road (C706)  Sunbury, Diggers Rest
Diggers Rest542.1336.8Bulla–Diggers Rest Road  Bulla, Diggers Rest
Brimbank Calder ParkKeilor North boundary545.4–
546.3
338.9–
339.5
Holden Road (west)  Toolern Vale Northbound exit and entrance only
Northbound and southbound access to service centres
547.3340.1Organ Pipes Road – Organ Pipes National Park At-grade intersection
548.1340.6Calder Park Drive  Calder Park Northbound exit and entrance only
Keilor North–Taylors Lakes boundary549.9341.7Australian state route 77.svg Kings Road (Metro Route 77)  Taylors Lakes, Deer Park, Laverton
Keilor North–Keilor Lodge boundary551.7342.8Australian state route 41.svg Sunshine Avenue (Metro Route 41)  Taylors Lakes Northbound exit and entrance only
Keilor 552.8343.5AUS Alphanumeric Route C754.svg Melton Highway (C754)  Taylors Lakes, Melton Partial Y interchange: northbound exit and southbound entrance only
554.7344.7Australian state route 40.svg Green Gully Road (Metro Route 40 south)  Keilor, St Albans
Arundel Road (north)  Tullamarine
Northbound exit and southbound entrance only
Keilor ParkKeilor East boundary557.0346.1Australian state route 39.svg Keilor Park Drive (Metro Route 39)  Keilor Park, Avondale Heights,
to AUS Alphanumeric Route M80.svgWestern Australia MR-SM-11.svg Western Ring Road (M80)  Laverton North, Werribee, Avalon Airport
No northbound exit
558.0346.7AUS Alphanumeric Route M80.svgWestern Australia MR-SM-11.svg Western Ring Road (M80)  Craigieburn, Seymour, Melbourne Airport Partial turbine interchange
Northbound exit to Western Ring Road southbound, northbound entrance from Western Ring Road southbound only
Southbound exit to Western Ring Road northbound, southbound entrance from Western Ring Road northbound
Access from northbound exit to Keilor Park Drive
Moonee Valley Keilor East–Airport West boundary558.8347.2Woorite Place  Keilor East, Airport West Northbound exit and southbound entrance only
Airport West–Niddrie boundary559.8347.8Fullarton Road (south)  Niddrie
McNamara Avenue  Airport West
Southbound entrance and exit only
560.1348.0Keilor Road  Niddrie Northbound entrance and exit only
560.5348.3Australian state route 37.svg Bulla Road (Metro Route 37)  Essendon Southbound exit and northbound entrance only
Airport West–Niddrie–Essendon North tripoint560.9348.5AUS Alphanumeric Route M2.svg Tullamarine Freeway (M2)  Flemington, Port Melbourne Partial Y interchange: eastbound exit and westbound entrance only

See also

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References

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  2. 1 2 "Victorian Government Gazette". State Library of Victoria. 28 January 1914. p. 320. Retrieved 14 June 2024.
  3. 1 2 "Country Roads Board Victoria. Twelfth Annual Report: for the year ended 30 June 1925". Country Roads Board of Victoria. Melbourne: Victorian Government Library Service. 31 December 1925. p. 3.
  4. "Victoria's Regions". Regional Development Victoria. Victoria State Government. 11 August 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  5. An Act relating to Country Roads State of Victoria, 23 December 1912
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  7. 1 2 "Victorian Government Gazette". State Library of Victoria. 16 August 1915. pp. 3122–3. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
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