Cisitalia

Last updated
Cisitalia
Industry Automotive
Founded1946
Defunct1963
FateBankrupt
Headquarters Turin, Italy
Key people
Piero Dusio, founder
Products Automobiles

Cisitalia was an Italian sports and racing car brand. The name "Cisitalia" derives from "Compagnia Industriale Sportiva Italia", a business conglomerate founded in Turin in 1946 by industrialist and sportsman Piero Dusio. One of the most memorable cars manufactured by the company was the 202 GT from 1946, [1] which earned praise for its aesthetically beautiful design, but only sold some 170 units.

Contents

Cisitalia people, from left: Piero Taruffi, Piero Dusio, and Giovanni Savonuzzi Taruffi-Dusio-Savonuzzi.jpg
Cisitalia people, from left: Piero Taruffi, Piero Dusio, and Giovanni Savonuzzi

Selected models

D46

Ilario Bandini driving with Cisitalia D46 in 1947 Coppa asti spumante 1947.jpg
Ilario Bandini driving with Cisitalia D46 in 1947
Cisitalia D46 Cisitalia D 46 1946-1947 schrag.JPG
Cisitalia D46

Cisitalia was founded by Piero Dusio in Turin in 1946. The company initially deployed Fiat street car parts as the foundation for their D46. Designed by Dante Giacosa, who had a vast knowledge of Fiat parts as he had designed the 500 Fiat Topolino before WWII, the car featured engine and suspensions from the small Fiat car although substantially modified for racing purposes. Dry sump lubrication and further tweaks considerably increased the engine's power to 60-70 bhp. With a spaceframe chassis [2] and weighing under 400 kg (880 lb), the car was deemed fit for competing at top level. The D46 made a successful debut in 1946, dominating the voiturette series. A pool of talented drivers, including Tazio Nuvolari, drove the D46 to a few victories, beating more advanced but older racing cars.

Grand Prix

Porsche 360 Cisitalia Porsche360.jpg
Porsche 360 Cisitalia

The D46's success led Dusio to consider a more ambitious project - a single seater, Grand Prix car. Ferdinand Porsche was commissioned to design the car, his work resulting in the highly innovative but technically complex Cisitalia 360. With a mid engined layout and four wheel drive, the Type 360 turned out to be far too expensive for Dusio to build to the extent of almost bankrupting his company.

202

Cisitalia 202 Coupe Cisitalia 202 Front.jpg
Cisitalia 202 Coupe
Cisitalia 202 Coupe Cisitalia 202 Heck.jpg
Cisitalia 202 Coupe

Dusio went on to commission some of Europe's leading designers to work on his cars. In 1947 Pinin farina created a chassis with an handcrafted aluminum body. When first launched on the occasion of the Villa d'Este Gold Cup show in Como, and at the 1947 Paris Motor Show, the two-seat 202GT was regarded as an aesthetic and technical achievement that radically transformed postwar automobile body design.[ citation needed ] Pinin farina's design was eventually honored by New York's Museum of Modern Art in 1951 in the "Eight Automobiles" exhibition. The Cisitalia was displayed with seven other cars, including the (1930 Mercedes-Benz SS tourer; the 1939 Bentley saloon designed by James Young; the 1939 Talbot-Lago by Figoni teardrop coupé; the 1951 Willys Jeep; the 1937 Cord 812 Custom Beverly Sedan; the 1948 MG TC; and the 1941 Lincoln Continental coupe). The Cisitalia 202 is now part of the MoMA permanent collection. [3] Despite the positive critical reception, the car wasn't a commercial success due to its high cost. Only 170 were produced between 1947 and 1952. Most cars were coachbuilt by Pinin farina, Vignale, and Stabilimenti Farina.

Built following aerodynamic studies developed for racing cars, the Cisitalia is to these days one of the most accomplished examples of single shell coachwork. The hood, body, fenders, and headlights are an integral part of the continuously flowing surface. This was an innovative approach as before the Cisitalia 202, the prevailing philosophy was to treat each part of the body as a separate elements, with one box to house the passengers, another one for the motor, and headlights as appendages. The Cisitalia, in contrast, didn't feature sharp edges.

Cisitalia 202 Spider 1951 Cisitalia 202 Spider.jpg
Cisitalia 202 Spider

The 202 is featured in the 2011 video game L.A. Noire by Rockstar Games and Team Bondi as a secret car called the Cisitalia Coupe.

202 MM

Cisitalia 202 MM "Cassone" 1947 Cisitalia 202 MM Berlinetta (19932032014).jpg
Cisitalia 202 MM "Cassone"

Since the 202 never enjoyed large scale production (all the cars were handmade), the engineering group at Cisitalia, including Carlo Abarth, Dante Giacosa and Giovanni Savonuzzi, created several variants of the 202. Of the more important versions, the SMM Nuvolari Spider, was built and named after a class victory at the 1947 Mille Miglia by famed driver Tazio Nuvolari. It is easily identified by its large rear fins, twin windscreens and the classic Italian red paint scheme.

202 SMM

Cisitalia 202 SMM at the 2014 Mille Miglia Cisitalia 202 SMM - Mille Miglia 2014 (16021567279).jpg
Cisitalia 202 SMM at the 2014 Mille Miglia

For the upcoming 1947 season, Giovanni Savonuzzi, who had designed most of the 202, sketched a coupe for Cisitalia's competition car. The design was executed by Stabilimenti Farina upon both chassis #101 and #102. After two coupes had been finished, a spider version, called the SMM for Spider Mille Miglia, was manufactured, adorning all subsequent competition cars bearing the MM designation.

At the 1947 Mille Miglia, the Cisitalia spider driven by Nuvolari led most of the race until troubles ensued with heavy rain falling. In the end, the Cisitalia finished second overall and first in class. To acknowledge Nuvolari's efforts, all subsequent competition spiders became known as 202 SMM Nuvolaris.

Stabilimenti Farina continued production of the design for several customers. In total about 20 cars were made very similar to Nuvolari's winning car. [4]

Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)

YearChassisEngineTyresDriver12345678
1952 Cisitalia D46 BPM  ? SUI 500 BEL FRA GBR GER NED ITA
Flag of Italy.svg Piero Dusio DNQ
Source: [5]

Full model range

Cisitalia-Ford 808 XF Vignale Cisitalia-Ford 808 XF 1952 schrag.JPG
Cisitalia-Ford 808 XF Vignale

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tazio Nuvolari</span> Italian motorcycle racer and racing driver (1892–1953)

Tazio Giorgio Nuvolari was an Italian racing driver. He first raced motorcycles and then concentrated on sports cars and single-seaters. Originally of Mantua, he was nicknamed Il Mantovano Volante and Nivola ("Cloud"). His victories—72 major races, 150 in all—included 24 Grands Prix, five Coppa Cianos, two Mille Miglias, two Targa Florios, two RAC Tourist Trophies, a Le Mans 24-hour race, and a European Championship in Grand Prix racing. Ferdinand Porsche called him "the greatest driver of the past, the present, and the future".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abarth</span> Italian car manufacturer

Abarth & C. S.p.A. is an Italian racing- and road-car maker and performance division founded by Italo-Austrian Carlo Abarth in 1949. Abarth & C. S.p.A. is owned by Stellantis through its Italian subsidiary. Its logo is a shield with a stylized scorpion on a yellow and red background.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giovanni Michelotti</span>

Giovanni Michelotti was one of the most prolific designers of sports cars in the 20th century. His notable contributions were for Ferrari, Lancia, Maserati and Triumph marques. He was also associated with truck designs for Leyland Motors, and with designs for British Leyland after the merger of Leyland and BMC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mille Miglia</span> Italian endurance road race

The Mille Miglia was an open-road, motorsport endurance race established in 1927 by the young Counts Francesco Mazzotti and Aymo Maggi. It took place in Italy 24 times from 1927 to 1957.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grand tourer</span> High-performance luxury car

A grand tourer (GT) is a type of car that is designed for high speed and long-distance driving, due to a combination of performance and luxury attributes. The most common format is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement. Grand tourers are most often the coupé derivative of luxury saloons or sedans. Many iconic car models, such as the Ferrari 250 GT, Jaguar E-Type, and Aston Martin DB5, are considered classic examples of gran turismo cars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ferrari 250</span> Series of sports cars and grand tourers built by Ferrari from 1952 to 1964

The Ferrari 250 is a series of sports cars and grand tourers built by Ferrari from 1952 to 1964. The company's most successful early line, the 250 series includes many variants designed for road use or sports car racing. 250 series cars are characterized by their use of a 3.0 L (2,953 cc) Colombo V12 engine designed by Gioacchino Colombo. They were replaced by the 275 and 330 series cars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Piero Dusio</span> Italian footballer and racing driver (1899–1975)

Piero Dusio was an Italian footballer, businessman, racing driver and racing cars manufacturer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfa Romeo 8C</span> Motor vehicle

The Alfa Romeo 8C was a range of Alfa Romeo road, race and sports cars of the 1930s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pininfarina</span> Italian car design firm and coachbuilder

Pininfarina S.p.A. is an Italian car design firm and coachbuilder, with headquarters in Cambiano, Turin, Italy. The company was founded by Battista "Pinin" Farina in 1930. On 14 December 2015, the Indian multinational giant Mahindra Group acquired 76.06% of Pininfarina S.p.A. for about €168 million.

Carrozzeria Allemano was an automobile coachbuilder in Turin, Italy, owned by Serafino Allemano.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maserati A6</span> Motor vehicle

Maserati A6 were a series of grand tourers, racing sports cars and single seaters made by Maserati of Italy between 1947 and 1956. They were named for Alfieri Maserati and for their straight-six engine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dante Giacosa</span>

Dante Giacosa was an Italian automobile designer and engineer responsible for a range of Italian automobile designs — and for refining the front-wheel drive layout to an industry-standard configuration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Felice Mario Boano</span>

Felice Mario Boano was an Italian automobile designer and coachbuilder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alfa Romeo 6C</span> Motor vehicle

The Alfa Romeo 6C name was used on road, race, and sports cars produced between 1927 and 1954 by Alfa Romeo; the "6C" name refers to the six cylinders of the car's straight-six engine. Bodies for these cars were made by coachbuilders such as James Young, Zagato, Touring Superleggera, Castagna, and Pinin Farina. Beginning in 1933 there was also a 6C version with an Alfa factory body, built in Portello. In the early 1920s Vittorio Jano received a commission to create a lightweight, high performance vehicle to replace the Giuseppe Merosi designed RL and RM models. The car was introduced in April 1925 at the Salone dell' Automobile di Milano as the 6C 1500. It was based on Alfa's P2 Grand Prix car, using a single overhead cam 1,487 cc in-line six-cylinder engine, producing 44 horsepower. In 1928 the 1500 Sport was presented, which was the first Alfa Romeo road car with double overhead camshafts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aldo Brovarone</span> Italian automobile designer (1926–2020)

Aldo Brovarone was an Italian automobile designer and the chief stylist with Carrozzeria Pininfarina (1974-1988) – widely known for a prominent range of work including the Dino 206 GT, Lancia Gamma Coupé and the Peugeot 504 (sedan).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abarth 205A Berlinetta</span> Motor vehicle

The Abarth 205A Berlinetta was a coupé sports car, also known as the Abarth 205A Monza built by Austrian born tuning expert Carlo Abarth in 1950. It was a development of the Abarth Cisitalia 204A but with a new platform chassis, still using the engine and other components from the Fiat 1100 B/E. Only three 205As were finished in 1950; chassis numbers 101, 102, and 103, but an additional car was built in 1953 with an extravagant Ghia body. Slow sales meant that for the next few years Abarth chose to focus on building his exhaust and tuning business, allowing competition and car manufacturing take a backseat. In 1955, the 205A was succeeded by the 207A Spyder and its derivatives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giovanni Savonuzzi</span>

Giovanni Savonuzzi was an Italian automobile designer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siata Daina</span> Sports car manufactured by Italian automaker Siata

The Siata Daina is an Italian car produced by Siata from 1950-1958. The Daina was available as a coupé or a convertible and had custom bodies by Stabilimenti Farina, Bertone and other coach builders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ferrari 250 MM</span> Motor vehicle

The Ferrari 250 MM was a sports racing car produced by Ferrari in 1953. After the initial racing successes of the 3.0-litre Colombo V12 engine, introduced in the 250 S one-off, Ferrari produced a serial racing model. It is best recognisable for the distinctive closed berlinetta bodywork by Pinin Farina. The "MM" in its name stood for the Mille Miglia race.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abarth Cisitalia 204A</span> Motor vehicle

The Abarth Cisitalia 204A was the first product of the recently founded Abarth & C.. As part of a deal in which Abarth took over the liquidated Cisitalia assets, the erstwhile Cisitalia 204 was marketed under both the Abarth and Cisitalia brands. Abarth received two complete 204 Spiders and two or three unfinished chassis in various states of completion; in total six 204A were built. Abarth went on to develop several more cars derived from the Fiat 1100-based Cisitalia 204, following up with the Abarth 205A Berlinetta, Abarth 207A Spyder, Abarth 208A Spyder, and the Abarth 209A Coupé.

References

  1. D, Nick (2016-03-31). "1946 Cisitalia 202". Supercars.net. Retrieved 2023-04-13.
  2. Ludvigsen, Karl (2010). Colin Chapman: Inside the Innovator. Haynes Publishing. pp. 152–153. ISBN   978-1-84425-413-2.
  3. The Cisitalia 2002 at MoMA.
  4. "1947 Cisitalia 202 SMM Spider Nuvolari". Sports Car Market . December 2006. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
  5. "Results from Formula1.com".