Dysprosium(III) oxalate

Dysprosium(III) oxalate

Names
IUPAC name Dysprosium(III) oxalate
Other names Didysprosium trioxalate Dysprosium sesquioxalate
Identifiers
CAS Number	867-62-9 (anhydrous) Y decahydrate: 24670-07-3
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image decahydrate: Interactive image
ChemSpider	144420 decahydrate: 21241430
ECHA InfoCard	100.011.604
EC Number	212-763-9 decahydrate:677-838-4
PubChem CID	164743 decahydrate: 25021601
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID801007033 decahydrate: DTXSID00648461
InChI InChI=1S/3C2H2O4.2Dy/c3*3-1(4)2(5)6;;/h3*(H,3,4)(H,5,6);;/q;;;2*+3/p-6 Key: KACTUDRDWYCYMT-UHFFFAOYSA-H decahydrate:InChI=1S/3C2H2O4.2Dy.10H2O/c3*3-1(4)2(5)6;;;;;;;;;;;;/h3*(H,3,4)(H,5,6);;;10*1H2/q;;;2*+3;;;;;;;;;;/p-6 Key: ULOOLRKTTNPQEM-UHFFFAOYSA-H
SMILES C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].[Dy+3].[Dy+3] decahydrate:C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Dy+3].[Dy+3]
Properties
Chemical formula	Dy2(C2O4)3
Molar mass	589.06 g/mol
Appearance	white powder
Melting point	40 °C (104 °F; 313 K) (decahydrate)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H312
Precautionary statements	P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, P501
Related compounds
Other cations	Cerium(III) oxalate Europium(III) oxalate Gadolinium(III) oxalate Holmium(III) oxalate Lanthanum(III) oxalate Neodymium(III) oxalate Praseodymium(III) oxalate Promethium(III) oxalate Samarium(III) oxalate Terbium(III) oxalate Thulium(III) oxalate Ytterbium(III) oxalate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Dysprosium(III) oxalate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Dy₂(C₂O₄)₃. It forms hydrates, with the decahydrate Dy₂(C₂O₄)₃·10H₂O being commonly encountered. ^[1] The anhydrous form is amorphous and unstable, decomposing to dysprosium(III) oxide at 610°C. ^[2] It is insoluble in water. ^[3]

Preparation

Dysprosium(III) oxalate, as well as other lanthanide oxalates, can be prepared through "homogeneous precipitation induced by acid-catalyzed oxamic acid hydrolysis". ^[4] Dysprosium(III) nitrate in dilute nitric acid is mixed with an excess of oxamic acid and the mixture is heated at 40°C until all oxamic acid dissolves. ^[4] The temperature is then raised to 85°C and the solution is left for 7 hours, causing large crystals of dysprosium(III) oxalate to form as the oxalic acid is slowly generated. ^[4]

Uses

Phosphor materials

Under 364 nm UV light, dysprosium oxalate nanocrystals emit blue (480 nm), yellow (572 nm) and red (655 nm) light. ^[5] As a result, they are suitable for white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) and offer advantages such as high luminescence efficiency, color repeatability, and low manufacturing cost over other technologies utilizing multiple components to achieve white light. ^[5] They can be prepared by microwave-assisted co-precipitation using dysprosium nitrate hexahydrate, oxalic acid dihydrate, and ethylene glycol. ^[5]

Metal organic frameworks

See also: Single-molecule magnet

Several dysprosium oxalate metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been synthesized. ^[6] For example, the nine-coordinated 2D compound [Dy(C₂O₄)_1.5(H₂O)₃]_n·2nH₂O can be prepared through a hydrothermal reaction of sodium oxalate and dysprosium(III) perchlorate hexahydrate. ^[6] In addition, the 3D compound {[Dy(C₂O₄)_1.5phen]·0.5H₂O}_n can be prepared through a hydrothermal reaction involving dysprosium(III) nitrate pentahydrate, oxalic acid, and phen (1,10-Phenanthroline). ^[7] These dysprosium-based MOFs are of research interest in the field of single-molecule magnets (SMMs). ^[7]

References

1. "Dysprosium(III) oxalate decahydrate, REacton , 99.9% (REO), Thermo Scientific 25 g | Buy Online | Thermo Scientific Alfa Aesar | Fisher Scientific". www.fishersci.at. Retrieved 2025-06-18.
2. Hussein, G. A. M.; Kroenke, W. J.; Goda, B.; Miyaji, K. (1997-01-01). "Formation of dysprosium oxide from the thermal decomposition of hydrated dysprosium acetate and oxalate Thermoanalytical and microscopic studies" . Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. 39 (1): 35–51. Bibcode:1997JAAP...39...35H. doi:10.1016/S0165-2370(96)00961-8. ISSN   0165-2370.
3. Perry, D. L. (1995). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. pp. 152–154. ISBN   978-0-8493-8671-8.
4. Uríková, Daniela Veronika; Kampitakis, Giannis; Císařová, Ivana; Alemayehu, Adam; Kloda, Matouš; Zákutná, Dominika; Lang, Kamil; Demel, Jan; Tyrpekl, Václav (2025-03-03). "Lanthanide Oxalates: From Single Crystals to 2D Functional Honeycomb Nanosheets". Inorganic Chemistry. 64 (8): 3686–3695. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c04293. ISSN   0020-1669. PMC   11881034 . PMID   39964120.
5. Alexander, Dinu; Thomas, Kukku; Manju Gopinath, R. J.; Joy, Monu; Biju, P. R.; Unnikrishnan, N. V.; Joseph, Cyriac (2019-10-05). "Novel white light emitting dysprosium oxalate nanocrystals: Competing luminescence quenching by the features of Dy-Oxalate layered structure" . Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 804: 252–261. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.06.219. ISSN   0925-8388.
6. Zhang, Sheng; Ke, Hongshan; Liu, Xiangyu; Wei, Qing; Xie, Gang; Chen, Sanping (2015-10-01). "A nine-coordinated dysprosium (III) compound with an oxalate-bridged dysprosium (III) layer exhibiting two slow magnetic relaxation processes" . Chemical Communications. 51 (82): 15188–15191. doi:10.1039/C5CC05694B. ISSN   1364-548X. PMID   26327427.
7. Liu, Cai-Ming; Zhang, De-Qing; Zhu, Dao-Ben (2016-03-22). "A 3D MOF constructed from dysprosium (III) oxalate and capping ligands: ferromagnetic coupling and field-induced two-step magnetic relaxation" . Chemical Communications. 52 (26): 4804–4807. doi:10.1039/C6CC00498A. ISSN   1364-548X. PMID   26961387.