A tailless aircraft is one which has no separate horizontal stabilizer or control surface, either behind or in front of the main wing.
Type | Country | Class | Role | Date | Status | No. | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aériane Swift | US | Glider | 1989 | n/a | Foot-launched. | ||
Aerospatiale-BAC Concorde | France & UK | Jet | Transport | 1969 | Production | 20 | SST. |
AeroVironment Wasp III | US | Propeller | UAV | 2007 | n/a | Date of service entry with USAF | |
Akaflieg München Mü5 Wastl | Germany | Glider | Experimental | 1929 | Prototype | 1 | |
Akaflieg Braunschweig SB-13 Arcus | Germany | Glider | Experimental | 1988 | Prototype | 1 | |
Antonov E-153 | USSR | Jet | Fighter | 1947 | Prototype | 1 | |
Arup S-1 | US | Propeller | Experimental | 1932 | Prototype | 1 | Rounded "heel wing". |
Arup S-2 | US | Propeller | Experimental | 1933 | Prototype | 1 | Rounded "heel wing". |
Arup S-3 | US | Propeller | Experimental | 1934 | Prototype | 1 | Rounded "heel wing". |
Arup S-4 | US | Propeller | Experimental | 1935 | Prototype | 1 | Rounded "heel wing". |
Avro 707 | UK | Jet | Experimental | 1949 | Prototype | 5 | Research for Avro Vulcan thick delta wing, 1/3 scale of Vulcan. |
Avro CF-105 Arrow | Canada | Jet | Fighter | 1958 | Prototype | 5 | Supersonic. |
Avro Vulcan | UK | Jet | Bomber | 1952 | Production | 136 | Subsonic. |
BAC 221 | UK | Jet | Experimental | 1964 | Prototype | 2 | Ogee wing. Modified version of the Fairey Delta 2. |
BAE Systems Corax | UK | Jet | UAV | 2004 | Prototype | n/a | |
Baynes Bat | UK | Propeller | Transport | 1943 | Prototype | 1 | |
Boulton Paul P.111 | UK | Jet | Experimental | 1950 | Prototype | 1 | Delta wing. |
Chizhevski BOK-5 | USSR | Propeller | Private | 1937 | Prototype | 1 | |
Briffaud GB-6 | France | Propeller | Private | 1955 | Prototype | 1 | |
Brochocki BKB-1 | Canada | Glider | Private | 1959 | Prototype | 1 | |
Charpentier C1 | France | Propeller | Private | 1934 | Prototype | 1 | Trimotor. [1] |
Convair XF-92A | US | Jet | Fighter | 1948 | Prototype | 1 | |
Convair F2Y Sea Dart | US | Jet | Fighter | 1953 | Prototype | 5 | Supersonic flying boat. |
Convair F-102 Delta Dagger | US | Jet | Fighter | 1953 | Production | 1,000 | Supersonic. |
Convair F-106 Delta Dart | US | Jet | Fighter | 1956 | Production | 342 | Supersonic. |
Convair B-58 Hustler | US | Jet | Bomber | 1956 | Production | 116 | Supersonic. |
Dassault MD 550 Mystère-Delta | France | Jet | Fighter | 1955 | Prototype | n/a | In modified form renamed the Mirage I. |
Dassault Mirage III | France | Jet | Fighter | 1956 | Production | 1,422 | Supersonic jet. Many derivatives. |
de Havilland DH.108 Swallow | UK | Jet | Experimental | 1946 | Prototype | 3 | |
Douglas F4D Skyray | US | Jet | Fighter | 1951 | Operational | 422 | |
Dunne D.1 | UK | Glider | Experimental | 1907 | Prototype | 1 | Biplane. Failed to fly with pusher power module. |
Dunne D.3 | UK | Glider | Experimental | 1908 | Prototype | 1 | Biplane. |
Dunne D.4 | UK | Propeller | Experimental | 1908 | Prototype | 1 | Pusher biplane. |
Dunne D.5 | UK | Propeller | Experimental | 1910 | Prototype | 1 | Pusher biplane. |
Dunne D.6 | UK | Propeller | Experimental | 1910 | Prototype | 1 | Pusher. Failed. |
Dunne D.7 | UK | Propeller | Experimental | 1911 | Prototype | 1 | Pusher. |
Dunne D.8 | UK | Propeller | Experimental | 1911 | Operational | 2 | Pusher biplane. |
EFW N-20 | Switzerland | Jet | Experimental | 1948 | Prototype | 3 | N-20.01 gilder, .02 Arbalète and .03 Aiguillon. |
Fairey Delta 2 | UK | Jet | Experimental | 1954 | Prototype | 2 | First aircraft to exceed 1,000 miles per hour. Later modified as the BAC 221. |
Fauvel AV.36 | France | Glider | Private | 1951 | Homebuilt | 100+ | and others by Charles Fauvel. [2] |
FMA I.Ae 38 | Argentina | Propeller | Transport | 1960 | Prototype | 1 | Designed by Reimar Horten. |
General Aircraft GAL.56 | UK | Glider | Experimental | 1944 | Prototype | 4 | |
General Dynamics F-16XL | US | Jet | Experimental | 1982 | Prototype | 2 | Cranked delta wing. |
Gotha Go 147 | Germany | Propeller | Patrol | 1936 | Prototype | 1 | |
Granger Archaeopteryx | UK | Propeller | Private | 1930 | Prototype | 1 | |
Haig Minibat | US | Motor glider | Private | 1979 | Homebuilt | 10+ | |
HAL Tejas | India | Jet | Fighter | 2001 | Production | 33 | |
Handley Page HP.75 Manx | UK | Propeller | Experimental | 1943 | Prototype | 1 | Pusher. |
Handley Page HP.115 | UK | Jet | Experimental | 1961 | Prototype | 1 | Sharply swept delta wing. |
Hawker P.1077 | UK | Jet | Fighter | 1949 | Prototype | 0 | |
Hawker Siddeley HS 138 | UK | Jet | Strike fighter | 1969 | Prototype | 0 | Tailess VTOL delta wing. |
Hispano HA P-300 (HA-23P) | Spain | Glider | Experimental | 1959/60 | Prototype | 1 | Developed into the Egyptian Helwan HA-300 tailed jet. |
Hoffman Flying Wing | US | Propeller | Experimental | 1934 | Prototype | 1 | Arup-type "heel wing". |
Horten Aircraft HX-2 | Germany | Propeller | Experimental | 2018 | Prototype | n/a | |
I.Ae. 34 Clen Antú | Argentina | Glider | 1949 | 6 | Designed by Reimar Horten and manufactured by the FMA. | ||
I.Ae. 41 Urubú | Argentina | Glider | 1953 | 5 | Designed by Reimar Horten in Argentina. | ||
Interstate XBDR | US | Jet | UAV | 1944 | Project | 0 | TV-guided cruise missile. |
Kalinin K-12 | USSR | Propeller | Experimental | 1936 | Prototype | 1 | [3] |
Kasper Bekas | US | Glider | Experimental | 1968 | Prototype | 3 | |
Kimura/Kayaba HK-1 | Japan | Glider | Experimental | 1939 | Prototype | 1 | |
Kayaba Ku-2 | Japan | Glider | Experimental | 1940 | Prototype | 1 | |
Kayaba Ku-3 | Japan | Glider | Experimental | 1941 | Prototype | 1 | |
Kayaba Ku-4 | Japan | Propeller | Experimental | 1941 | Project | 0 | Cancelled before it flew. |
Kollman Raptor | US | 1994 | n/a | [4] [5] | |||
Lippisch delta | Germany | Propeller | Experimental | 1931-45 | Prototype | n/a | Several types. |
Lockheed A-12 | US | Jet | Reconnaissance | 1962 | Production | n/a | Mach 3 capability. Long forward-fuselage chines. Several derivatives, especially the SR-71 Blackbird. |
Lockheed Martin X-44 MANTA | US | Jet | Experimental | 2000 | Project | 0 | Multi-Axis No-Tail Aircraft. |
Marske Monarch | US | Glider | Experimental | 1974 | Homebuilt | n/a | |
Marske Pioneer | US | Glider | Experimental | 1968 | Homebuilt | 17 | One example built of the Pioneer 1, at least 16 of the Pioneer II. |
Marske XM-1 | US | Glider | Experimental | 1957 | Prototype | 1 | |
Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet | Germany | Rocket | Fighter | 1941 | Production | ~370 | |
Mitchell U-2 Superwing | US | Glider | Experimental | 1980 | Homebuilt | n/a | |
John K. Moody/Larry Mauro Easy Riser | US | Propeller | Experimental | 1975 | n/a | [6] [7] | |
Nike PUL 9 | Germany | Propeller | Experimental | 1990 | Prototype | 1 | |
Northrop X-4 Bantam | US | Jet | Fighter | 1948 | Prototype | 2 | |
Northrop Grumman RQ-180 | US | Jet | UAV | 2015 | Prototype | n/a | Stealth surveillance aircraft. |
University of Pretoria Exulans | South Africa | Glider | Experimental | 1989 | Prototype | 2 | Exulans I and II. "Gull" variable-sweep wing. [8] [9] |
Saab 35 Draken | Sweden | Jet | Fighter | 1955 | Production | 651 | Supersonic jet. Double-delta planform. |
Short SB.1 | UK | Glider | Experimental | 1951 | Prototype | 1 | Aero-isoclinic wing. |
Short SB.4 Sherpa | UK | Jet | Experimental | 1953 | Prototype | 1 | Aero-isoclinic wing. |
Soldenhof So.A | Switzerland | Propeller | Private | 1930 | Prototype | 1 | Pusher. [10] |
Sypaq Corvo Precision Payload Delivery System | Australia | Propeller | UAV | 2019 | Operational | n/a | Electric powered stealth waxed cardboard 2m (6.6 ft) wingspan surveillance aircraft. [11] |
Tupolev Tu-144 | USSR | Jet | Transport | 1968 | Operational | 16 | SST. |
Vought F7U Cutlass | US | Jet | Multirole Fighter | 1948 | Operational | 320 | |
Westland-Hill Pterodactyl | UK | Propeller | Experimental | 1920s-1930s | Prototype | 3 | Series of types, 3 actually built. |
Weltensegler | Germany | Glider | Private | 1921 | Prototype | 1 |
A fixed-wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air flying machine, such as an airplane, which is capable of flight using aerodynamic lift. Fixed-wing aircraft are distinct from rotary-wing aircraft, and ornithopters. The wings of a fixed-wing aircraft are not necessarily rigid; kites, hang gliders, variable-sweep wing aircraft, and airplanes that use wing morphing are all classified as fixed wing.
Paragliding is the recreational and competitive adventure sport of flying paragliders: lightweight, free-flying, foot-launched glider aircraft with no rigid primary structure. The pilot sits in a harness or in a cocoon-like 'pod' suspended below a fabric wing. Wing shape is maintained by the suspension lines, the pressure of air entering vents in the front of the wing, and the aerodynamic forces of the air flowing over the outside.
A delta wing is a wing shaped in the form of a triangle. It is named for its similarity in shape to the Greek uppercase letter delta (Δ).
A flying wing is a tailless fixed-wing aircraft that has no definite fuselage, with its crew, payload, fuel, and equipment housed inside the main wing structure. A flying wing may have various small protuberances such as pods, nacelles, blisters, booms, or vertical stabilizers.
Alexander Martin Lippisch was a German aeronautical engineer, a pioneer of aerodynamics who made important contributions to the understanding of tailless aircraft, delta wings and the ground effect, and also worked in the U.S. Within the Opel-RAK program, he was the designer of the world's first rocket-powered glider.
The Lockheed Martin X-44 MANTA was an American conceptual aircraft design by Lockheed Martin that has been studied by NASA and the U.S. Air Force. It was intended to test the feasibility of full yaw, pitch and roll authority without tailplanes. Attitude control relies purely on 3D thrust vectoring. The aircraft design was derived from the F-22 Raptor and featured a stretched delta wing without tail surfaces.
Quicksilver is a line of single and two-place high wing, single-engine, ultralight aircraft that evolved from weight-shift hang gliders including Bob Lovejoy's High Tailer.
An ultralight trike or paratrike is a type of powered hang glider where flight control is by weight-shift. These aircraft have a fabric flex-wing from which is suspended a tricycle fuselage pod driven by a pusher propeller. The pod accommodates either a solo pilot, or a pilot and a single passenger. Trikes grant affordable, accessible, and exciting flying, and have been popular since the 1980s.
Hang gliding is an air sport employing a foot-launchable aircraft. Typically, a modern hang glider is constructed of an aluminium alloy or composite-framed fabric wing. The pilot is ensconced in a harness suspended from the airframe, and exercises control by shifting body weight in opposition to a control frame.
A foot-launched powered hang glider (FLPHG), also called powered harness, nanolight, or hangmotor, is a powered hang glider harness with a motor and propeller often in pusher configuration, although some can be found in tractor configuration. An ordinary hang glider is used for its wing and control frame, and the pilot can foot-launch from a hill or from flat ground, needing a length of about a football field to get airborne, or much less if there is an oncoming breeze and no obstacles.
In aeronautics, a tailless aircraft is an aircraft with no other horizontal aerodynamic surface besides its main wing. It may still have a fuselage, vertical tail fin, and/or vertical rudder.
The Pterodactyl Ascender is a family of U.S. designed and built ultralight aircraft that were sold in kit form between 1979 and 1984 under Pterodactyl Limited and is currently being sold by DFE Ultralights.
The Mauro Solar Riser is an American biplane ultralight electric aircraft that was the first crewed aircraft to fly on solar power. It was also only the second solar-powered aircraft to fly, after the uncrewed AstroFlight Sunrise, which had first flown 4+1⁄2 years earlier.
The UFM Easy Riser is an American swept wing biplane hang glider that was first powered in 1975, becoming the first modern ultralight aircraft. The Easy Riser was still in production as an unpowered glider in 2002 by Ultralight Flying Machines.
Weltensegler G.m.b.H. was a German aircraft company formed by Friedrich Wenk, who became its Technical Director.
The NRC tailless glider, also called the NRL tailless glider, was a two-seat tailless research glider designed by the National Research Council of Canada and built by the National Research Laboratories, at the instigation of G.T.R. Hill who had previously designed the British Westland-Hill Pterodactyl series of tailless aircraft.
The Solar Wings Breeze is a British high-wing, single-place, hang glider that was designed and produced by Solar Wings of Manton, Wiltshire starting in 1996. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.
The Solar Wings Scandal is a family of British high-wing, single-place, hang gliders that was designed and produced by Solar Wings of Manton, Wiltshire. Introduced in 1995 it is now out of production. When it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.
The RRG Delta I was a German experimental tailless aircraft flown in the early 1930s first as a glider and then powered. It was one of the first delta wing aircraft.