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A biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings stacked one above the other. The first powered, controlled aeroplane to fly, the Wright Flyer, used a biplane wing arrangement, as did many aircraft in the early years of aviation. While a biplane wing structure has a structural advantage over a monoplane, it produces more drag than a monoplane wing. Improved structural techniques, better materials and higher speeds made the biplane configuration obsolete for most purposes by the late 1930s.
The Airco DH.2 was a single-seat pusher biplane fighter aircraft which operated during the First World War. It was the second pusher design by aeronautical engineer Geoffrey de Havilland for Airco, based on his earlier DH.1 two-seater.
The Albatros C.I,, was the first of the successful C-series of two-seat general-purpose biplanes built by Albatros Flugzeugwerke during World War I. Based on the unarmed Albatros B.II, the C.I reversed the pilot and observer seating so that the observer occupied the rear cockpit which was fitted with a ring-mounted 7.92 mm (0.312 in) Parabellum MG14 machine gun.
The Albatros D.III was a biplane fighter aircraft used by the Imperial German Army Air Service (Luftstreitkräfte) during World War I. A modified licensed version was built by Oeffag for the Austro-Hungarian Air Service (Luftfahrtruppen). The D.III was flown by many top German aces, including Wilhelm Frankl, Erich Löwenhardt, Manfred von Richthofen, Karl Emil Schäfer, Ernst Udet, and Kurt Wolff, and Austro-Hungarians like Godwin von Brumowski. It was the preeminent fighter during the period of German aerial dominance known as "Bloody April" 1917.
The Albatros J.II was a German single-engine, single-seat, biplane ground-attack aircraft of World War I.
The Farman III, also known as the Henry Farman 1909 biplane, was an early French aircraft designed and built by Henry Farman in 1909. Its design was widely imitated, so much so that aircraft of similar layout were generally referred to as being of the "Farman" type.
The Albatros B.III,, was a German World War I reconnaissance biplane, built by Albatros Flugzeugwerke as the Albatros LDD.
The Albatros C.II was a 1910s German military pusher reconnaissance biplane designed and built by Albatros Flugzeugwerke. Only one aircraft was built and the type did not enter production.
The Germania C.I was a two-seat general-purpose biplane built by Germania Flugzeugwerke during World War I.
The Germania C.IV was a two-seat general-purpose biplane built by Germania Flugzeugwerke during World War I.
The Germania C.I was a prototype two-seat general-purpose biplane built by Halberstadt during World War I.
The Halberstadt C.VIII was a prototype two-seat general-purpose biplane built by Halberstadt during World War I.
References
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- ↑ Anfimov, Nikolai; Kostromin, Sergei; Kuczera, Heribert; Sacher, Peter; Bayer, Martin (1998). "ORYOL-FESTIP cooperation - Comparison of concepts and first conclusions". 8th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference. International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conferences. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. doi:10.2514/6.1998-1544.
- ↑ Thompson, Jonathan W. (1963). Italian Civil and Military aircraft 1930-1945. USA: Aero Publishers Inc. ISBN 0-8168-6500-0. LCCN 63-17621.
