| Nocardioides | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Actinomycetota |
| Class: | Actinomycetia |
| Order: | Propionibacteriales |
| Family: | Nocardioidaceae |
| Genus: | Nocardioides Prauser 1976 (Approved Lists 1980) |
| Type species | |
| Nocardioides albus | |
| Species [3] | |
See text. | |
| Synonyms [4] | |
| |
Nocardioides is a Gram-positive, mesophilic and aerobic bacterial genus from the family of Nocardioidaceae. [3] [5]
Arthrobacter is a genus of bacteria that is commonly found in soil. All species in this genus are Gram-positive obligate aerobes that are rods during exponential growth and cocci in their stationary phase. Arthrobacter have a distinctive method of cell division called "snapping division" or reversion in which the outer bacterial cell wall ruptures at a joint.
Rhizobium is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. Rhizobium species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants.
Verrucomicrobiota is a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria that contains only a few described species. The species identified have been isolated from fresh water, marine and soil environments and human faeces. A number of as-yet uncultivated species have been identified in association with eukaryotic hosts including extrusive explosive ectosymbionts of protists and endosymbionts of nematodes residing in their gametes.
Micromonospora is a genus of bacteria of the family Micromonosporaceae. They are gram-positive, spore-forming, generally aerobic, and form a branched mycelium; they occur as saprotrophic forms in soil and water. Various species are sources of aminoglycoside antibiotics with spellings that end with -micin, such as gentamicin, mutamicin, netilmicin, retymicin, sisomicin, verdamicin, calicheamicin, and the recently found turbinmicin. Potent new antifungal drugs discovered in the microbiome of marine animals, unlike most other aminoglycoside names that end with -mycin.
Micromonosporaceae is a family of bacteria of the class Actinomycetia. They are gram-positive, spore-forming soil organisms that form a true mycelium.
The Rhodobacteraceae are a family of Pseudomonadota in the order Rhodobacterales within the alpha subgroup. Like all Pseudomonadota, they are gram-negative. It contains chemoorganotrophs and photoheterotrophs bacteria. Many occur in aquatic habitats.
Nocardia is a genus of weakly staining Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria. It forms partially acid-fast beaded branching filaments. It contains a total of 85 species. Some species are nonpathogenic, while others are responsible for nocardiosis. Nocardia species are found worldwide in soil rich in organic matter. In addition, they are oral microflora found in healthy gingiva, as well as periodontal pockets. Most Nocardia infections are acquired by inhalation of the bacteria or through traumatic introduction.
Amycolatopsis is a genus of high GC-content bacteria within the family Pseudonocardiaceae. The genus is known for producing many types of antibiotics, including
The family Flavobacteriaceae is composed of environmental bacteria. Most species are aerobic, while some are microaerobic to anaerobic; for example Capnocytophaga and Coenonia.
Microbacteriaceae is a family of bacteria of the order Actinomycetales. They are Gram-positive soil organisms.
Paracoccus is a genus of bacteria in the family Rhodobacteraceae.
Novosphingobium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes N. taihuense, which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species N. aromativorans, which was first found in Ulsan Bay, similarly degrades aromatic molecules of two to five rings.
Microbacterium is a genus of bacteria in the family Microbacteriaceae. Microbacteria are common contaminants of laboratory reagents, which can lead to their being misrepresented in microbiome data.
Pseudonocardia is the type genus of the bacteria family Pseudonocardiaceae. Members of this genus have been found living mutualistically on the cuticle of the leafcutter ants because the bacteria has antibiotic properties that protect the fungus grown by the ants. When they are grooming, their legs are passed over their mouth gland that produces the antibiotic and then their legs touch the fungi while they are walking around. The ants have metapleural glands that produce the antimicrobial components to eliminate the Escovopsis fungi. The bacteria may also be found in crypts on the propleural plate. Pseudonocardia is found to have antibiotic properties provided to the leaf-cutter ant to inhibit the growth of Escovopsis, which is a black yeast that parasitizes the leaf-cutter ant. Pseudonocardia can be found in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Pseudonocardia belongs to the phylum Actinobacteria. Most Actinobacteria grow in soils that are of a neutral pH. Actinobacteria are also important in plant-associated microbial communities are referred to as "free-living." This means that they are not dependent on another organism to live. For example: A non-free-living organism would be a parasite that depends on a host as a food source and a place for shelter. "Free-living" also allows these organisms to require less energy and food for survival. Pseudonocardia is catalase-positive, non-motile, aerobic and a non-acid-fasting bacteria and produces a gram positive reaction. Under the microscope they exhibit branching, rod-shaped organisms.
There are many different strains of Pseudonocardia and a good portion of these strains have been found in China, in soils of the forest, and in Eucalyptus trees of Australia.
The genus Actinomadura is one of four genera of Actinomycetota that belong to the family Thermomonosporaceae. It contains aerobic, Gram-positive, non-acid-fast, non-motile, chemo-organotrophic actinomycetes that produce well-developed, non-fragmenting vegetative mycelia and aerial hyphae that differentiate into surface-ornamented spore chains. These chains are of various lengths and can be straight, hooked or spiral. The genus currently comprises over 70 species with validly published names with standing in nomenclature, although the species status of some strains remains uncertain, and further comparative studies are needed.
Gordonia is a genus of gram-positive, aerobic, catalase-positive bacterium in the Actinomycetota, closely related to the Rhodococcus, Mycobacterium, and Nocardia genera. It is from the same lineage that includes Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The genus was discovered by Tsukamura in 1971 and named after American bacteriologist Ruth Gordon.. Many species are often found in the soil and are rarely known to cause infections in humans. Some investigations have found that 28 °C is the ideal temperature for the growth of Gordonia bacteria. Some species of Gordonia, such as Gordonia rubripertincta, produce colonies that have a bright orange or orange-red color.
Chitinophagaceae is an aerobic or facultatively anaerobic and rod-shaped family of bacteria in the phylum Bacteroidota.