Receptor activity modifying protein 2, also known as RAMP2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the RAMP2 gene. [5] [6]
Receptor activity modifying protein 2, also known as RAMP2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the RAMP2 gene. [5] [6]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the RAMP family of single-transmembrane-domain proteins, called receptor (calcitonin) activity modifying proteins (RAMPs). RAMPs are type I transmembrane proteins with an extracellular N-terminus and a cytoplasmic C-terminus. RAMPs are required to transport calcitonin-receptor-like receptor (CRLR) to the plasma membrane. CRLR, a receptor with seven transmembrane domains, can function as either a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor or an adrenomedullin receptor, depending on which members of the RAMP family are expressed. In the presence of this (RAMP2) protein, CRLR functions as an adrenomedullin receptor. The RAMP2 protein is involved in core glycosylation and transportation of adrenomedullin receptor to the cell surface. [5]
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a member of the calcitonin family of peptides consisting of calcitonin, amylin, adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin) and calcitonin‑receptor‑stimulating peptide. Calcitonin is mainly produced by thyroid C cells whilst CGRP is secreted and stored in the nervous system. This peptide, in humans, exists in two forms: CGRP alpha, and CGRP beta. α-CGRP is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide and is formed by alternative splicing of the calcitonin/CGRP gene located on chromosome 11. β-CGRP is less studied. In humans, β-CGRP differs from α-CGRP by three amino acids and is encoded in a separate, nearby gene. The CGRP family includes calcitonin (CT), adrenomedullin (AM), and amylin (AMY).
The calcitonin receptor (CT) is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the peptide hormone calcitonin and is involved in maintenance of calcium homeostasis, particularly with respect to bone formation and metabolism.
Adrenomedullin is a vasodilator peptide hormone of uncertain significance in human health and disease. It was initially isolated in 1993 from a pheochromocytoma, a tumor of the adrenal medulla: hence the name.
Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) are a class of protein that interact with and modulate the activities of several Class B G protein-coupled receptors including the receptors for secretin, calcitonin (CT), glucagon, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). There are three distinct types of RAMPs in mammals, designated RAMP1, RAMP2, and RAMP3, each encoded by a separate gene.
Receptor activity modifying protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAMP1 gene.
Receptor activity modifying protein 3, also known as RAMP3, is a human gene.
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The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), now properly known as BB2 is a G protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligand is gastrin releasing peptide. In humans it is highly expressed in the pancreas and is also expressed in the stomach, adrenal cortex and brain.
Calcitonin receptor-like (CALCRL), also known as the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR), is a human protein; it is a receptor for calcitonin gene-related peptide.
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Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2 also known as LPA2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LPAR2 gene. LPA2 is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds the lipid signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA).
P2Y purinoceptor 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the P2RY14 gene.
Neuropeptide FF receptor 2, also known as NPFF2 is a human protein encoded by the NPFFR2 gene.
Relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 3, also known as RXFP3, is a human G-protein coupled receptor.
Glutamate receptor-interacting protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIP1 gene.
DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CRCP gene.
ADM2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADM2 gene.
Probable G-protein coupled receptor 61 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR61 gene.
GPR182 is a human gene which is an orphan G-protein coupled receptor.
Deborah Lucy Hay is a New Zealand academic. In 2022 she was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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