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Trade names | Truseltiq |
Other names | BGJ-398 |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a621041 |
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Pregnancy category | |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C26H31Cl2N7O3 |
Molar mass | 560.48 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Infigratinib is an kinase inhibitor in development for the treatment of achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia. [1] [4] [5]
Infigratinib targets the fibroblast growth factor receptors FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3. [4] [6]
Infigratinib was originally approved at a higher dose for medical use in the United States in May 2021 for cholangiocarcinoma, but is no longer marketed for that indication due to difficulties commercializing in the indication. [4] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]
Infigratinib is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of children with achondroplasia. Infigratinib is now in a Phase 3 clinical trial. [12]
Infigratinib was originally developed at a higher dose for the treatment of adults with previously treated, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) with a fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion or other rearrangement as detected by an FDA-approved test. [4] [7]
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved infigratinib based on evidence from one clinical trial (NCT02150967) of 108 participants with bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma). [7] The CBGJ398X2204 trial was a multicenter open-label single-arm trial that enrolled 108 participants with previously treated, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma with an FGFR2 fusion or rearrangement as determined by local or central testing. [8] The trials were conducted at 18 sites in the United States, Europe, and Asia. [7] The trial enrolled adult participants with bile duct cancer who had been treated previously with chemotherapy for their advanced cancer and whose tumors had a certain type of abnormality in the FGFR2 gene. [7] Participants received infigratinib once daily by mouth for 21 consecutive days followed by 7 days off therapy. [7] This 28-day cycle was administered until disease progression or the side effects became too toxic. [7] The trial measured the percentage of participants who achieved partial or complete shrinkage of their cancer and how long that shrinkage lasted (duration of response or DoR). [7]
Infigratinib has since been developed at a lower dose (0.25 mg/kg) for children with achondroplasia, a condition caused by variants in the FGFR3 gene. Preliminary Phase 2 results showed that children treated with infigratinib showed a mean change from baseline in annualized height velocity of +2.51 cm/yr at 12 months, with no serious adverse events.
Infigratinib was designated an orphan drug by the FDA [13] and the European Medicines Agency in 2021. [14] It was approved for medical use under the FDA's accelerated approval program in May 2021. [7] [8] Infigratinib has since been withdrawn from commercialization due to the sponsor's difficulties distributing the drug and enrolling a confirmatory clinical trial. [11]
Cholangiocarcinoma, also known as bile duct cancer, is a type of cancer that forms in the bile ducts. Symptoms of cholangiocarcinoma may include abdominal pain, yellowish skin, weight loss, generalized itching, and fever. Light colored stool or dark urine may also occur. Other biliary tract cancers include gallbladder cancer and cancer of the ampulla of Vater.
Nivolumab, sold under the brand name Opdivo, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes melanoma, lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, head and neck cancer, urothelial carcinoma, colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, and esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer. It is administered intravenously.
Encorafenib, sold under the brand name Braftovi, is a medication used for the treatment of certain melanoma cancers. It is a small molecule BRAF inhibitor that targets key enzymes in the MAPK signaling pathway. This pathway occurs in many different cancers including melanoma and colorectal cancers.
Pembrolizumab, sold under the brand name Keytruda, is a humanized antibody used in cancer immunotherapy that treats melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, stomach cancer, cervical cancer, and certain types of breast cancer. It is administered by slow intravenous injection.
Cobimetinib, sold under the brand name Cotellic, is an anti-cancer medication used in combination with vemurafenib (Zelboraf) alone or with both vemurafenib and atezolizumab (Tecentriq) to treat melanoma. Cobimetinib is a MEK inhibitor. Cotellic, Zelboraf, and Tecentriq are all marketed by Genentech.
Binimetinib, sold under the brand name Mektovi, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat various cancers. Binimetinib is a selective inhibitor of MEK, a central kinase in the tumor-promoting MAPK pathway. Inappropriate activation of the pathway has been shown to occur in many cancers. In June 2018 it was approved by the FDA in combination with encorafenib for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic BRAF V600E or V600K mutation-positive melanoma. In October 2023, it was approved by the FDA for treatment of NSCLC with a BRAF V600E mutation in combination with encorafenib. It was developed by Array Biopharma.
Durvalumab, sold under the brand name Imfinzi, is an FDA-approved immunotherapy for cancer, developed by Medimmune/AstraZeneca. It is a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1κ) monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) with the PD-1 (CD279).
Atezolizumab, sold under the brand name Tecentriq among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat urothelial carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), hepatocellular carcinoma and alveolar soft part sarcoma, but discontinued for use in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It is a fully humanized, engineered monoclonal antibody of IgG1 isotype against the protein programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1).
Sacituzumab govitecan, sold under the brand name Trodelvy by Gilead Sciences, is a Trop-2-directed antibody and topoisomerase inhibitor drug conjugate used for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and metastatic urothelial cancer.
Vosoritide, sold under the brand name Voxzogo, is a medication used for the treatment of achondroplasia, a genetic condition that causes severely short stature and disproportionate growth.
Avelumab, sold under the brand name Bavencio, is a fully human monoclonal antibody medication for the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma.
Tucatinib, sold under the brand name Tukysa, is an anticancer medication used for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. It is a small molecule inhibitor of HER2. It was developed by Array BioPharma and licensed to Cascadian Therapeutics.
Erdafitinib, sold under the brand name Balversa, is an anti-cancer medication. It is a small molecule inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) used for the treatment of cancer. FGFRs are a subset of tyrosine kinases which are unregulated in some tumors and influence tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell survival. Astex Pharmaceuticals discovered the drug and licensed it to Janssen Pharmaceuticals for further development.
Ivosidenib, sold under the brand name Tibsovo, is an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and cholangiocarcinoma. It is a small molecule inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1), which is mutated in several forms of cancer. Ivosidenib is an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 inhibitor that works by decreasing abnormal production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), leading to differentiation of malignant cells.
Sotorasib, sold under the brand names Lumakras and Lumykras, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer. It targets a specific mutation, G12C, in the protein K-Ras encoded by gene KRAS which is responsible for various forms of cancer. Sotorasib is an inhibitor of the RAS GTPase family.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan, sold under the brand name Enhertu, is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) covalently linked to the topoisomerase I inhibitor deruxtecan. It is licensed for the treatment of breast cancer or gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Trastuzumab binds to and blocks signaling through epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) on cancers that rely on it for growth. Additionally, once bound to HER2 receptors, the antibody is internalized by the cell, carrying the bound deruxtecan along with it, where it interferes with the cell's ability to make DNA structural changes and replicate its DNA during cell division, leading to DNA damage when the cell attempts to replicate itself, destroying the cell.
Avapritinib, sold under the brand name Ayvakit among others, is a medication used for the treatment of advanced systemic mastocytosis and for the treatment of tumors due to one specific rare mutation: it is specifically intended for adults with unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) that harbor a platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) exon 18 mutation. Avapritinib is a kinase inhibitor.
Pemigatinib, sold under the brand name Pemazyre, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma). Pemigatinib works by blocking FGFR2 in tumor cells to prevent them from growing and spreading.
Lutetium (177Lu) oxodotreotide (INN) or 177Lu dotatate, brand name Lutathera, is a chelated complex of a radioisotope of the element lutetium with dotatate, used in peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Specifically, it is used in the treatment of cancers which express somatostatin receptors. It is a radiolabeled somatostatin analog.
Futibatinib, sold under the brand name Lytgobi, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. It is a kinase inhibitor. It is taken by mouth.