Red-light district

Last updated
De Wallen, Amsterdam's red-light district, is internationally known and one of the main tourist attractions of the city. It offers legal prostitution and a number of coffee shops that sell marijuana. Red-light district of Amsterdam by day. 2012.JPG
De Wallen, Amsterdam's red-light district, is internationally known and one of the main tourist attractions of the city. It offers legal prostitution and a number of coffee shops that sell marijuana.

A red-light district or pleasure district is a part of an urban area where a concentration of prostitution and sex-oriented businesses, such as sex shops, strip clubs, and adult theaters, are found. In most cases, red-light districts are particularly associated with female street prostitution, though in some cities, these areas may coincide with spaces of male prostitution and gay venues. [1] Areas in many big cities around the world have acquired an international reputation as red-light districts. [2]

Contents

Origins of the term

A statue in honor of sex workers in Amsterdam, Netherlands Sex worker statue Oudekerksplein Amsterdam.jpg
A statue in honor of sex workers in Amsterdam, Netherlands

Red-light districts are mentioned in the 1882 minutes of a Woman's Christian Temperance Union meeting in the United States. [3] The Oxford English Dictionary records the earliest known appearance of the term "red light district" in print as an 1894 article from the Sandusky Register , a newspaper in Sandusky, Ohio.[ citation needed ]

Author Paul Wellman suggests that this and other terms associated with the American Old West originated in Dodge City, Kansas, home to a well-known prostitution district during the 19th century, which included the Red Light House saloon. [4] This has not been proven, but the Dodge City use was likely responsible for the term's pervasiveness. [5] A widespread folk etymology claims that early railroad workers took red lanterns with them when they visited brothels so their crew could find them in the event of an emergency. However, folklorist Barbara Mikkelson regards this as unfounded. [6]

An early reference to red-light districts on a January 1901 Judge cover JudgeMagazine12Jan1901.jpg
An early reference to red-light districts on a January 1901 Judge cover

A more plausible explanation might originate from the time when sailors came back from sea to Amsterdam (c.1650): Women working as prostitutes, deprived of proper hygiene and running fresh water, carrying red lanterns — with their color camouflaging boils, zits, inequalities in the face and on the skin — made clear they were available as women of pleasure. Sailors, finally getting their relative royal pay, having been at sea for quite some time and looking for relief could so easily spot who would be available. In a later stage, the red lanterns evolved into red lights at brothels. Since this was close to the main harbor, this district became known as the red-light district:

One of the many terms used for a red-light district in Japanese is akasen ( 赤線 ), literally meaning "red-line". Japanese police drew a red line on maps to indicate the boundaries of legal red-light districts. In Japanese, the term aosen ( 青線 ), literally meaning "blue-line", also exists, indicating an illegal district.

In the United States during the 19th and early 20th centuries, the term "sporting district" became popular for legal red-light districts. Municipal governments typically defined such districts explicitly to contain and regulate prostitution. [7]

Some red-light districts (such as De Wallen, Netherlands, or Reeperbahn, Germany) are places that are officially designated by authorities for legal and regulated prostitution. [2] Often, these red-light districts were formed by authorities to help regulate prostitution and other related activities, such that they were confined to a single area. [8]

Some red-light districts (such as those in The Hague) [9] are under video surveillance. This can help counter illegal forms of prostitution (such as child prostitution), in these areas that do allow regular prostitution to occur.

Legality of prostitution
.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}
Decriminalization - No criminal penalties for prostitution
Legalisation - prostitution is legal and regulated
Semi-legal - prostitution is legal, but organized activities such as brothels and pimping are illegal; prostitution is not regulated
Quasi-legal - illegal to buy sex and for 3rd party involvement, legal to sell sex
Prohibitionism - prostitution illegal
Legality varies with local laws Prostitution laws of the world2.svg
Legality of prostitution
  Decriminalization - No criminal penalties for prostitution
  Legalisation – prostitution is legal and regulated
  Semi-legal – prostitution is legal, but organized activities such as brothels and pimping are illegal; prostitution is not regulated
  Quasi-legal – illegal to buy sex and for 3rd party involvement, legal to sell sex
  Prohibitionism – prostitution illegal
  Legality varies with local laws

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brothel</span> Place of prostitution

A brothel, bordello, ranch, or whorehouse is a place where people engage in sexual activity with prostitutes. However, for legal or cultural reasons, establishments often describe themselves as massage parlors, bars, strip clubs, body rub parlours, studios, or by some other description. Sex work in a brothel is considered safer than street prostitution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">De Wallen</span> Largest and best known red-light district in Amsterdam

De Wallen is the largest and best known red-light district in Amsterdam. It consists of a network of alleys containing approximately 300 one-room cabins rented by prostitutes who offer their sexual services from behind a window or glass door, typically illuminated with red lights and blacklight. Window prostitution is the most visible and typical kind of red-light district sex work in Amsterdam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reeperbahn</span> Street in Hamburg, Germany

The Reeperbahn is a street and entertainment district in Hamburg's St. Pauli district, one of the two centres of Hamburg's nightlife and also the city's major red-light district. In German, it is also nicknamed die sündige Meile and Kiez. The Reeperbahn Festival is among the largest club festivals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prostitution in Germany</span> Overview of the legality and practice of prostitution in Germany

Prostitution in Germany is legal, as are other aspects of the sex industry, including brothels, advertisement, and job offers through HR companies. Full-service sex work is widespread and regulated by the German government, which levies taxes on it. In 2016, the government adopted a new law, the Prostitutes Protection Act, in an effort to improve the legal situation of sex workers, while also now enacting a legal requirement for registration of prostitution activity and banning prostitution which involves no use of condoms. The social stigmatization of sex work persists and many workers continue to lead a double life. Human rights organizations consider the resulting common exploitation of women from East Germany to be the main problem associated with the profession.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prostitution in the Netherlands</span> Overview of the legality and practice of prostitution in the Netherlands

Prostitution in the Netherlands is legal and regulated. Operating a brothel is also legal. De Wallen, the largest and best-known Red-light district in Amsterdam, is a destination for international sex tourism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prostitution in Japan</span> Description and history of sex work in Japan

Prostitution in Japan has existed throughout the country's history. While the Prostitution Prevention Law of 1956 states that "No person may either do prostitution or become the customer of it", loopholes, liberal interpretations and a loose enforcement of the law have allowed the Japanese sex industry to prosper and earn an estimated 2.3 trillion yen per year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prostitution in India</span> Overview of the legality and practice of prostitution in India

Prostitution is legal in India, but a number of related activities including soliciting, kerb crawling, owning or managing a brothel, prostitution in a hotel, child prostitution, pimping and pandering are illegal. There are, however, many brothels illegally operating in Indian cities including Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Pune, and Nagpur, among others. UNAIDS estimate there were 657,829 prostitutes in the country as of 2016. Other unofficial estimates have calculated India has roughly 3 million prostitutes. India is widely regarded as having one of the world's largest commercial sex industry. It has emerged as a global hub of sex tourism, attracting sex tourists from wealthy countries. The sex industry in India is a multi-billion dollar one, and one of the fastest growing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cheongnyangni 588</span> Former red-light district in South Korea

Cheongnyangni 588 is a now-defunct red-light district in Dongdaemun District, Seoul, South Korea. It was located near the Cheongnyangni station. By 2022, last brothels were closed, with new construction occurring in the area.

Prostitution in Austria is legal and regulated.

Prostitution is the business or practice of engaging in sexual activity in exchange for payment. The definition of "sexual activity" varies, and is often defined as an activity requiring physical contact with the customer. The requirement of physical contact also creates the risk of transferring infections. Prostitution is sometimes described as sexual services, commercial sex or, colloquially, hooking. It is sometimes referred to euphemistically as "the world's oldest profession" in the English-speaking world. A person who works in this field is called a prostitute, and sometimes a sex worker, but the words hooker and whore are also sometimes used to describe those who work as prostitutes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Herbertstraße</span> Street in the St. Pauli district of Hamburg, Germany

Herbertstraße is a street in the St. Pauli district of Hamburg, located near the Reeperbahn, which is the main red-light district. It is the only street in the city where it is still possible to find prostitutes in windows as in the famous De Wallen district of Amsterdam. It is reputed to have Hamburg's most expensive prostitutes. At its peak about 250 women worked there.

<i>Akasen</i> Historic slang term for red-light districts in 1940s-50s Japan

Akasen (赤線) was the Japanese slang term for districts historically engaged in the sex work industry in Japan, specifically within the time period of January 1946 through to March 1958.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prostitution in Europe</span>

The legality of prostitution in Europe varies by country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of prostitution</span>

Prostitution has been practiced throughout ancient and modern cultures. Prostitution has been described as "the world's oldest profession"..

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Window prostitution</span> Showcase for prostitutes

Window prostitution is a form of prostitution that is fairly common in the Netherlands and surrounding countries. The prostitute rents a window plus workspace off a window operator for a certain period of time, often per day or part of a day. The prostitute is also independent and recruits her own customers and also negotiates the price and the services to be provided.

<i>Yūkaku</i> Licensed red-light districts in Japanese history

Yūkaku (遊廓) were legal red-light districts in Japanese history, where both brothels and prostitutes - known collectively as yūjo, the higher ranks of which were known as oiran - recognised by the Japanese government operated. Though prostitution was, officially, legal to engage in and pay for only in these areas, there were a number of places where prostitutes and brothels operated illegally, known as Okabasho, the generic name for all unlicensed red-light districts other than Yoshiwara.

Prostitution in the Dutch Caribbean is legal and regulated. At least 500 foreign women are reportedly working in prostitution throughout the islands. Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Curaçao are sex tourism destinations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hotel Luxor</span> Former brothel in Hamburg, Germany

The Hotel Luxor, also known as the Mehrer Hotel was the oldest brothel in Hamburg until its closure in April 2008. It was located on Große Freiheit in St. Pauli red-light district and first opened in 1948.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mariska Majoor</span> Former sex worker, activist and author in Amsterdam

Mariska Majoor is a Dutch writer, publicist, speaker, entrepreneur, and former sex worker. She founded the Prostitution Information Center (1994) and the labour union PROUD (2015) in Amsterdam to support (novice) sex workers and inform passers-by/tourists and the general public, answer questions and dispel misconceptions about everything involving sex work. Majoor gives lectures and presentations on sex work, and has written several books including Als sex werken wordt, United Under a Red Umbrella: Sex Work Around the World (2018), and Amsterdam Red Light District: The future of our past (2023). In 2017, Mariska Majoor was knighted by the Mayor of Amsterdam in recognition of her contribution to sex workers' rights in the Netherlands.

References

  1. Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City . Routledge. pp.  559. ISBN   9780415252256.
  2. 1 2 "History of the Red light District « What you should know about Amsterdam". Whatyoushouldknowaboutamsterdam.WordPress .com. 2009-08-27. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  3. Minutes of the Ninth Annual Meeting. National Woman's Christian Temperance Union. 1882. pp. 332, 333 & 363.
  4. Wellman, Paul Iselin (1988). The Trampling Herd: The Story of the Cattle Range in America . University of Nebraska Press. p.  195. ISBN   0-8032-9723-8. Paul Wellman Dodge City red light.
  5. Barra, Allen (2009). Inventing Wyatt Earp: His Life and Many Legends. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN   978-0803220584.
  6. Barbara Mikkelson (July 9, 2007). "Red Light District". snopes.com. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
  7. Woolston, Howard Brown (1921). Prostitution in the United States. New York: The Century Company. p.  105 107. ISBN   978-0-217-03857-7.
  8. "The Red Light District of Amsterdam". CamsterDamn. Archived from the original on May 20, 2013. Retrieved February 20, 2013.
  9. "Camera surveillance in red-light districts in The Hague". January 24, 2014. Archived from the original on 2016-10-08.

Commons-logo.svg Media related to Red-light districts at Wikimedia Commons