STS-7

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STS-7
STS007-32-1702.jpg
Challenger as photographed by the SPAS-1 satellite on June 22, 1983
Names Space Transportation System-7
Mission type
Operator NASA
COSPAR ID 1983-059A OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
SATCAT no. 14132 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Mission duration6 days, 2 hours, 23 minutes, 59 seconds
Distance travelled3,570,000 km (2,220,000 mi)
Orbits completed97
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft Space Shuttle Challenger
Launch mass113,025 kg (249,177 lb)
Landing mass92,550 kg (204,040 lb)
Payload mass16,839 kg (37,124 lb)
Crew
Crew size5
Members
Start of mission
Launch dateJune 18, 1983, 11:33:00 (June 18, 1983, 11:33:00)  UTC (7:33 am  EDT)
Launch site Kennedy, LC-39A
Contractor Rockwell International
End of mission
Landing dateJune 24, 1983, 13:56:59 (June 24, 1983, 13:56:59) UTC (6:56:59 am  PDT)
Landing site Edwards, Runway 15
Orbital parameters
Reference system Geocentric orbit
Regime Low Earth orbit
Perigee altitude 299 km (186 mi)
Apogee altitude 307 km (191 mi)
Inclination 28.30°
Period 90.60 minutes
Instruments
STS-7 patch.svg
STS-7 mission patch
Sts-7-crew.jpg
From left: Ride, Fabian, Crippen, Thagard and Hauck
  STS-6
STS-8  

STS-7 was NASA's seventh Space Shuttle mission, and the second mission for the Space Shuttle Challenger. During the mission, Challenger deployed several satellites into orbit. The shuttle launched from Kennedy Space Center on June 18, 1983, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base on June 24, 1983. STS-7 carried Sally Ride, America's first female astronaut.

Contents

Crew

Position Astronaut
Commander Robert Crippen
Second spaceflight
Pilot Frederick Hauck
First spaceflight
Mission Specialist 1 John M. Fabian
First spaceflight
Mission Specialist 2
Flight Engineer
Sally Ride
First spaceflight
Mission Specialist 3 Norman Thagard
First spaceflight

Support crew

Crew seat assignments

Seat [1] LaunchLanding Space Shuttle seating plan.svg
Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck.
Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck.
1Crippen
2Hauck
3Fabian
4Ride
5Thagard
6Unused
7Unused

Mission summary

STS-7 began on June 18, 1983, with an on-time liftoff at 7:33:00 a.m.  EDT. It was the first spaceflight of an American woman (Ride), the largest crew to fly in a single spacecraft up to that time (five people), and the first flight that included members of NASA's Group 8 astronaut class, which had been selected in 1978 to fly the Space Shuttle. President Ronald Reagan also sent his personal favorite Jelly Belly jelly beans with the astronauts, making them the first jelly beans in space. The crew had already eaten lunch with the president at the White House on June 1, the first time that a crew did so before launch rather than after. [2] [ page needed ]

The crew of STS-7 included Robert Crippen, commander, making his second Shuttle flight; Frederick Hauck, pilot; and Sally Ride, John M. Fabian and Norman Thagard, all mission specialists. Thagard conducted medical tests concerning Space adaptation syndrome, a bout of nausea frequently experienced by astronauts during the early phase of a space flight.

Two communications satellitesAnik C2 for Telesat of Canada, and Palapa B1 for Indonesia – were successfully deployed during the first two days of the mission; both were Hughes-built HS-376-series satellites. The mission also carried the first Shuttle pallet satellite (SPAS-1), which was built by the West German aerospace firm Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB). SPAS-1 was unique in that it was designed to operate in the payload bay or be deployed by the Remote Manipulator System (Canadarm) as a free-flying satellite. It carried 10 experiments to study formation of metal alloys in microgravity, the operation of heat pipes, instruments for remote sensing observations, and a mass spectrometer to identify various gases in the payload bay. It was deployed by the Canadarm and flew alongside and over Challenger for several hours, performing various maneuvers, while a U.S.-supplied camera mounted on SPAS-1 took pictures of the orbiter. The Canadarm later grappled the pallet and returned it to the payload bay.

STS-7 also carried seven Getaway Special (GAS) canisters, which contained a wide variety of experiments, as well as the OSTA-2 payload, a joint U.S.-West Germany scientific pallet payload. Finally, the orbiter's Ku-band antenna was able to relay data through the U.S. tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS) to a ground terminal for the first time.

STS-7 was scheduled to make the first orbiter landing at Kennedy Space Center's then-new Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF). [3] Unacceptable weather forced a change to Runway 15 at Edwards Air Force Base. The landing took place on June 24, 1983, at 06:56:59 a.m. PDT. The mission lasted 6 days, 2 hours, 23 minutes, and 59 seconds, and covered about 3,570,000 km (2,220,000 mi) during 97 orbits of the Earth. Challenger was returned to KSC on June 29, 1983.

Incidents

External Tank serial number 6 after jettison from Challenger on June 18, 1983. The arrow indicates the white area on the left bipod ramp where foam had broken off. ET6 Foam Loss.jpg
External Tank serial number 6 after jettison from Challenger on June 18, 1983. The arrow indicates the white area on the left bipod ramp where foam had broken off.

STS-7 experienced the first known Space Shuttle external tank (ET) bipod ramp foam shedding event during launch. This was the root cause of the eventual loss of Columbia during STS-107 almost two decades later. While Challenger was on-orbit, one of its windows was damaged non-critically by space debris. [4]

Mission insignia

The seven white stars in the black field of the mission patch, as well as the arm extending from the orbiter in the shape of a 7, indicate the flight's numerical designation in the Space Transportation System's mission sequence. The five-armed symbol on the right side illustrates the four male/one female crew.

Wake-up calls

NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the Project Gemini, and first used music to wake up a flight crew during Apollo 15. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities. [5]

Flight DaySongArtist/ComposerPlayed for
Day 2"Aggie War Hymn"/"University of Texas Fight Song" Fightin' Texas Aggie Band/University of Texas band Bob Crippen [lower-alpha 1]
Day 3"Aggie War Hymn"/"Tufts Tonia's Day" Fightin' Texas Aggie Band/The Tufts University Beelzebubs Rick Hauck
Day 4Medley: "Aggie War Hymn"/"Reveille"/"When You're Smiling" Fightin' Texas Aggie Band/Unknown/Dr. Howard E. Cleave Mary L. Cleave [lower-alpha 2]
Day 5"Washington State University Cougar Fight Song" Washington State University Band John Fabian
Day 6"Stanford Hymn" Leland Stanford Junior University Marching Band Sally Ride
Day 7"Florida State University Fight Song" Florida State University Marching Chiefs Norm Thagard

See also

Notes

  1. Crippen was a graduate of the University of Texas; the song of their rivals, Texas A&M, was played as a joke. [6]
  2. Cleave was the CAPCOM for STS-7. "When You're Smiling" was sung by her father. [7] [8]

Related Research Articles

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Robert Laurel Crippen is an American retired naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aerospace engineer, and retired astronaut. He traveled into space four times: as pilot of STS-1 in April 1981, the first Space Shuttle mission; and as commander of STS-7 in June 1983, STS-41-C in April 1984, and STS-41-G in October 1984. He was also a part of the Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL), Skylab Medical Experiment Altitude Test (SMEAT), ASTP support crew member, and the Approach and Landing Tests (ALT) for the Space Shuttle.

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References

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  6. "STS-7". www.astronautix.com.
  7. Graye, Michelle. Houston We Have a Wake-up Call. Lulu.com. ISBN   9781257805525 via Google Books.
  8. "Wake-up time aboard the space shuttle Challenger today turned... - UPI Archives". UPI.