STS-29

STS-29
	TDRS-D being deployed on Flight Day 1 of the mission.
Names	Space Transportation System-28; STS-29R
Mission type	TDRS-D deployment
Operator	NASA
COSPAR ID	1989-021A
SATCAT no.	19882
Mission duration	4 days, 23 hours, 38 minutes, 50 seconds (achieved)
Distance travelled	3,200,000 km (2,000,000 mi)
Orbits completed	80
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Space Shuttle Discovery
Launch mass	116,281 kg (256,356 lb)
Landing mass	88,353 kg (194,785 lb)
Payload mass	17,280 kg (38,100 lb)
Crew
Crew size	5
Members	Michael Coats ; John E. Blaha ; Robert C. Springer ; James Buchli ; James P. Bagian ;
Start of mission
Launch date	March 13, 1989, 14:57:00 UTC
Rocket	Space Shuttle Discovery
Launch site	Kennedy Space Center, LC-39B
Contractor	Rockwell International
End of mission
Landing date	March 18, 1989, 14:35:50 UTC
Landing site	Edwards Air Force Base,; Runway 22
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric orbit
Regime	Low Earth orbit
Perigee altitude	297 km (185 mi)
Apogee altitude	308 km (191 mi)
Inclination	28.45°
Period	90.60 minutes
Instruments
	Air Force Maui Optical and Supercomputing observatory (AMOS); Chromosomes and Plant Cell Division in Space (CHROMEX); Protein Crystal Growth (PCG); Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator Element (SHARE); Two Shuttle Student Involvement Program (SSIP);
	; STS-29 mission patch; ; Back row: James P. Bagian, Robert C. Springer, James Buchli ; Front row: John E. Blaha and Michael Coats Space Shuttle program ← STS-27 STS-30 (29) →

Last updated November 03, 2022

STS-29 was the 28th NASA Space Shuttle mission, during which Space Shuttle Discovery inserted a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) into Earth orbit.^[1] It was the third shuttle mission following the Challenger disaster in 1986, and launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on March 13, 1989.^[2]STS-29R was the eighth flight of Discovery and the 28th Space Shuttle mission overall; its planned predecessor, STS-28, was delayed until August 1989.

The mission was technically designated STS-29R as the original STS-29 designator belonged to STS-61-A, the 22nd Space Shuttle mission. Official documentation and paperwork for that mission contained the designator STS-29 when it was allocated to Space Shuttle Columbia and later as STS-30 when allocated to Challenger. As STS-51-L was designated STS-33, future flights with the STS-26 through STS-33 designators would require the R in their documentation to avoid conflicts in tracking data from one mission to another.

Crew


Position	Astronaut
Commander	Michael Coats Second spaceflight
Pilot	John E. Blaha First spaceflight
Mission Specialist 1	Robert C. Springer First spaceflight
Mission Specialist 2	James Buchli Third spaceflight
Mission Specialist 3	James P. Bagian First spaceflight

Crew seating arrangements

Seat^[3]	Launch	Landing	Seats 1–4 are on the Flight Deck. Seats 5–7 are on the Middeck.
S1	Coats	Coats
S2	Blaha	Blaha
S3	Springer	Bagian
S4	Buchli	Buchli
S5	Bagian	Springer

Mission summary

Discovery lifted off from Launch Complex 39B, Kennedy Space Center, at 9:57:00 a.m. EST on March 13, 1989.^[4] The launch was originally scheduled for February 18, 1989, but was postponed to allow for the replacement of faulty liquid oxygen turbopumps on the three main engines. The amended target date of March 11, 1989, was postponed by 1 day, because of the failure of a master event controller (MEC); #2 when it was powered up during prelaunch checkout,^[5] as well as an additional day to replace a faulty fuel preburner oxidizer valve (FPOV).^[5] On the rescheduled launch day of March 13, 1989, the launch was delayed for nearly two hours because of ground fog and high upper winds.^[5] A waiver was approved for the orbiter's wing loads.

The primary payload was TDRS-D, the third and final component of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) constellation in geosynchronous orbit.^[1] The three on-orbit satellites were stationed over the equator at about 35,900 km (22,300 mi) above Earth; two of them were positioned 130° apart, while the third was located between them as an on-orbit spare.

On Flight Day 1, one of three cryogenic hydrogen tanks which supplied shuttle's electricity-generating fuel cells exhibited erratic pressure fluctuations. It was deactivated while engineers studied the problem, and the crew was told to conserve electrical power. The tank was reactivated on Flight Day 3, March 15, 1989, and operated successfully thereafter.^[6]

Discovery landed on March 18, 1989, after orbit 80, one orbit earlier than planned, in order to avoid possible excessive wind buildup expected at the landing site. The shuttle touched down on Runway 22 at Edwards Air Force Base, California, at 9:35|51 a.m. EST. The total mission duration was 4 days, 23 hours, 38 minutes, and 52 seconds.^[5]

Payload and experiments

The mission's primary payload was TDRS-D,^[5] which became TDRS-4 after deployment, and its attached Inertial Upper Stage (IUS). The satellite was deployed from the shuttle's payload bay less than six hours after launch, at 3:12 a.m. EST. The first-stage orbit burn of the IUS took place an hour later, and the second burn to circularize the orbit occurred 12 hours and 30 minutes into the mission. The satellite was stationed at 41.0° West longitude.

Discovery also carried eight secondary payloads, including two Shuttle Student Involvement Program (SSIP) experiments. One student experiment, using four live rats with tiny pieces of bone removed from their bodies, was to test whether the environmental effects of space flight inhibit bone healing. The other student experiment was to fly 32 chicken eggs to determine the effects of space flight on fertilized chicken embryos.^[7]

One experiment, mounted in the payload bay, was only termed "partially successful". The Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator Element (SHARE), a potential cooling system for the planned Space Station Freedom, operated continuously for less than 30 minutes under powered electrical loads. The failure was blamed on the faulty design of the equipment, especially the manifold section.^[8]

All other experiments operated successfully. Crystals were obtained from all the proteins in the Protein Crystal Growth (PCG) experiment. The Chromosomes and Plant Cell Division in Space (CHROMEX), a life sciences experiment, was designed to show the effects of microgravity on root development. An IMAX (70 mm) camera was used to film a variety of scenes for the 1990 IMAX film Blue Planet,^[9] including the effects of floods, hurricanes, wildfires and volcanic eruptions on Earth. A ground-based U.S. Air Force experiment used the orbiter as a calibration target for the Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS) in Hawaii.^[10]

Wake-up calls

NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the Project Gemini, and first used music to wake up a flight crew during Apollo 15. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.^[11]

Flight Day	Song	Artist/Composer
Day 2	"I Got You (I Feel Good)"	James Brown
Day 3	"Marine Corps Hymn"
Day 4	"Theme from Star Trek: TOS"	Alexander Courage
Day 5	"Heigh-Ho"	Song from the Walt Disney animated film Snow White
Day 6	"What a Wonderful World"	Louis Armstrong

Gallery

Liftoff of STS-29
The External Tank after separation
Closeup shot of the deployment of TDRS-D
Lake Natron, Tanzania, imaged from orbit.

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">STS-7</span> 1983 American crewed spaceflight

STS-7 was NASA's seventh Space Shuttle mission, and the second mission for the Space Shuttle Challenger. During the mission, Challenger deployed several satellites into orbit. The shuttle launched from Kennedy Space Center on June 18, 1983, and landed at Edwards Air Force Base on June 24, 1983. STS-7 carried Sally Ride, America's first female astronaut.

STS-31 was the 35th mission of the NASA Space Shuttle program. The primary purpose of this mission was the deployment of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) into low Earth orbit. The mission used the Space Shuttle Discovery, which lifted off from Launch Complex 39B on 24 April 1990 from Kennedy Space Center, Florida.

STS-41-C was NASA's eleventh Space Shuttle mission, and the fifth mission of Space Shuttle Challenger. The launch, which took place on April 6, 1984, marked the first direct ascent trajectory for a Space Shuttle mission. During the mission, Challenger's crew captured and repaired the malfunctioning Solar Maximum Mission satellite, and deployed the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) experimental apparatus. STS-41-C was extended one day due to problems capturing the Solar Max satellite, and the landing on April 13, 1984, took place at Edwards Air Force Base, instead of at Kennedy Space Center as had been planned. The flight was originally numbered STS-13.

STS-32 was the 33rd mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the ninth launch of Space ShuttleColumbia. Launched on 9 January 1990, it marked the first use of the Launch Complex 39A of Kennedy Space Center at since 1986; it also marked the first use of Mobile Launcher Platform-3 (MLP-3) in the Space Shuttle program. STS-32 was, at the time, the longest shuttle mission yet conducted, with a duration of nearly 11 days. Before STS-32, the only mission of the same duration had been STS-9 in 1983. On 20 January 1990, STS-32 executed the third night landing of the shuttle program. STS-32 was also the first Shuttle mission of the 1990s.

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STS-41-G was the 13th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program and the sixth flight of Space Shuttle Challenger. Challenger launched on October 5, 1984, and conducted the second shuttle landing at Kennedy Space Center on October 13, 1984. It was the first shuttle mission to carry a crew of seven, including the first crew with two women, the first American Extravehicular activity (EVA) involving a woman (Sullivan), the first Australian-born person to journey into space as well as the first astronaut with a beard and the first Canadian astronaut.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">STS-26</span> 1988 American crewed spaceflight to deploy TDRS-3, and "Return to Flight" after STS-51-L

STS-26 was the 26th NASA Space Shuttle mission and the seventh flight of the orbiter Discovery. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on September 29, 1988, and landed four days later on October 3, 1988. STS-26 was declared the "Return to Flight" mission, being the first mission after the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster of January 28, 1986. It was the first mission since STS-9 to use the original Space Transportation System (STS) numbering system, the first to have all its crew members wear pressure suits for launch and landing since STS-4, and the first mission with bailout capacity since STS-4. STS-26 was also the first U.S. space mission with an all-veteran crew since Apollo 11, with all of its crew members having flown at least one prior mission.

STS-30 was the 29th NASA Space Shuttle mission and the fourth mission for Space Shuttle Atlantis. It was the fourth shuttle launch since the Challenger disaster and the first shuttle mission since the disaster to have a female astronaut on board. The mission launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on May 4, 1989, and landed four days later on May 8, 1989. During the mission, Atlantis deployed the Venus-bound Magellan probe into orbit.

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References

1 2 "STS-29 Press Kit" (PDF). NASA. March 1989. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 6, 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
↑ Dye, Lee (March 14, 1989). "Space Shuttle Launched, Puts Satellite in Orbit". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021.
↑ Becker, Joachim. "Spaceflight mission report: STS-29". SPACEFACTS. Archived from the original on February 17, 2020. Retrieved February 26, 2014.
↑ Chen, Adam (2012). Celebrating 30 Years of the Space Shuttle (PDF). Washington, D.C.: NASA. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-16-090202-4. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
1 2 3 4 5 Legler, Robert D.; Floyd V., Bennett (September 2011). "Space Shuttle Missions Summary" (PDF). Scientific and Technical Information (STI) Program Office. NASA. pp. 2-30–2-31. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 12, 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
↑ Office of Safety, Reliability, Maintainability and Quality Assurance (May 8, 1989). "Misson Safety Evaluation Report for STS-29 - Postflight Edition" (PDF). Washington, D.C.: NASA. p. A-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 6, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
↑ Brown, Robert W. (1990). "NASA's Educational Programs" (PDF). Government Information Quarterly. 7 (2): 185–195. doi:10.1016/0740-624X(90)90054-R. hdl: 2060/19900019131 . ISSN 0740-624X. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 6, 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
↑ Kosson, Robert; Brown, Richard; Ungar, Eugene (January 11, 1990), "Space Station heat pipe advanced radiator element (SHARE) flight test results and analysis", 28th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, doi:10.2514/6.1990-59 , retrieved January 6, 2021
↑ Venant, Elizabeth (March 18, 1989). "Astronauts Play Film Makers for IMAX 'Blue Planet'". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021.
↑ Viereck, R. A.; Murad, E.; Pike, C. P.; Kofsky, I. L.; Trowbridge, C. A.; Rall, D. L. A.; Satayesh, A.; Berk, A.; Elgin, J. B. (1990). Photometric analysis of a space shuttle water venting (PDF). Fourth Annual Workshop on Space Operations Applications and Research (SOAR 90). Houston, Texas: NASA. pp. 676–680. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
↑ Fries, Colin (March 13, 2015). "Chronology of Wakeup Calls" (PDF). History Division. NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 5, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

External links

NASA mission summary Archived June 10, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
STS-29 Video Highlights Archived October 21, 2013, at the Wayback Machine

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[STS-29_Press_Kit-1] 1 2 "STS-29 Press Kit" (PDF). NASA. March 1989. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 6, 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

[LATimes_1989-03-14-2] Dye, Lee (March 14, 1989). "Space Shuttle Launched, Puts Satellite in Orbit". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021.

[Spacefacts_STS-29-3] Becker, Joachim. "Spaceflight mission report: STS-29". SPACEFACTS. Archived from the original on February 17, 2020. Retrieved February 26, 2014.

[Chen_2012-4] Chen, Adam (2012). Celebrating 30 Years of the Space Shuttle (PDF). Washington, D.C.: NASA. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-16-090202-4. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

[STIsummary-5] 1 2 3 4 5 Legler, Robert D.; Floyd V., Bennett (September 2011). "Space Shuttle Missions Summary" (PDF). Scientific and Technical Information (STI) Program Office. NASA. pp. 2-30–2-31. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 12, 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

[MSER_STS-29-6] Office of Safety, Reliability, Maintainability and Quality Assurance (May 8, 1989). "Misson Safety Evaluation Report for STS-29 - Postflight Edition" (PDF). Washington, D.C.: NASA. p. A-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 6, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

[Brown_1990-7] Brown, Robert W. (1990). "NASA's Educational Programs" (PDF). Government Information Quarterly. 7 (2): 185–195. doi:10.1016/0740-624X(90)90054-R. hdl: 2060/19900019131 . ISSN 0740-624X. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 6, 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

[AIAA_Share_Paper-8] Kosson, Robert; Brown, Richard; Ungar, Eugene (January 11, 1990), "Space Station heat pipe advanced radiator element (SHARE) flight test results and analysis", 28th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, doi:10.2514/6.1990-59 , retrieved January 6, 2021

[LATimes_1989-03-18-9] Venant, Elizabeth (March 18, 1989). "Astronauts Play Film Makers for IMAX 'Blue Planet'". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021.

[SOAR_90-10] Viereck, R. A.; Murad, E.; Pike, C. P.; Kofsky, I. L.; Trowbridge, C. A.; Rall, D. L. A.; Satayesh, A.; Berk, A.; Elgin, J. B. (1990). Photometric analysis of a space shuttle water venting (PDF). Fourth Annual Workshop on Space Operations Applications and Research (SOAR 90). Houston, Texas: NASA. pp. 676–680. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

[Wakeup_Calls-11] Fries, Colin (March 13, 2015). "Chronology of Wakeup Calls" (PDF). History Division. NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 5, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

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v t e Space Shuttle Discovery (OV-103)
Completed flights	STS-41-D STS-51-A STS-51-C STS-51-D STS-51-G STS-51-I STS-26 STS-29 STS-33 STS-31 STS-41 STS-39 STS-48 STS-42 STS-53 STS-56 STS-51 STS-60 STS-64 STS-63 STS-70 STS-82 STS-85 STS-91 STS-95 STS-96 STS-103 STS-92 STS-102 STS-105 STS-114 STS-121 STS-116 STS-120 STS-124 STS-119 STS-128 STS-131 STS-133
Status	Retired
On display	Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, Washington, D.C.
Related	Destiny in Space (1994 documentary)

v t e ← 1988 · Orbital launches in 1989 · 1990 →
January	Kosmos 1987, Kosmos 1988, Kosmos 1989 Kosmos 1990 Kosmos 1991 Gorizont No.29L Kosmos 1992 Intelsat VA F-15 Kosmos 1993
February	Progress 40 Kosmos 1994, Kosmos 1995, Kosmos 1996, Kosmos 1997, Kosmos 1998, Kosmos 1999 Kosmos 2000 Kosmos 2001 Kosmos 2002 USA-35 Molniya-1 No.84 Kosmos 2003 Akebono Kosmos 2004 Meteor-2 No.22
March	Kosmos 2005 JCSAT-1, Meteosat 4 STS-29 (TDRS-4) Kosmos 2006 Progress 41 Kosmos 2007 Kosmos 2008, Kosmos 2009, Kosmos 2010, Kosmos 2011, Kosmos 2012, Kosmos 2013, Kosmos 2014, Kosmos 2015 USA-36
April	Tele-X Kosmos 2016 Kosmos 2017 Gran' No.33L Kosmos 2018 Foton No.5L
May	STS-30 (Magellan) Kosmos 2019 USA-37 Kosmos 2020 Kosmos 2021 Resurs-F1 No.45, Pion 1, Pion 2 Kosmos 2022, Kosmos 2023, Kosmos 2024
June	Kosmos 2025 Superbird-A, DFS Kopernikus 1 Kosmos 2026 Molniya-3 No.45 Okean-O1 No.4 USA-38 Kosmos 2027 USA-39 Kosmos 2028 Globus No.11 Resurs-F1 No.46
July	Nadezhda No.403 Kosmos 2029 Gorizont No.27L Olympus F1 Kosmos 2030 Resurs-F1 No.47, Pion 3, Pion 4 Kosmos 2031 Kosmos 2032 Kosmos 2033 Kosmos 2034
August	Kosmos 2035 STS-28 (USA-40, USA-41) TV-SAT 2, Hipparcos Resurs-F2 No.4 USA-42 Kosmos 2036 Progress M-1 Marco Polo 1 Kosmos 2037
September	USA-43, USA-44 Himawari 4 Soyuz TM-8 USA-45 Resurs-F1 No.48 Kosmos 2038, Kosmos 2039, Kosmos 2040, Kosmos 2041, Kosmos 2042, Kosmos 2043 Kosmos 2044 Kosmos 2045 USA-46 Molniya-1 No.69 Kosmos 2046 Interkosmos 24, Magion 2 Gorizont No.31L
October	Kosmos 2047 Kosmos 2048 STS-34 (Galileo) USA-47 Meteor-3 No.4 Intelsat VI F-2
November	Kosmos 2049 COBE STS-33 (USA-48) Kosmos 2050 Kosmos 2051 Kvant 2 Molniya-3 No.46 Kosmos 2052
December	Granat USA-49 Gran' No.36L Progress M-2 Kosmos 2053 Kosmos 2054
Launches are separated by dots ( •), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Cubesats are smaller. Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).