ScatSat-1

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ScatSat-1
PSLV-C35, SCATSAT-1 - Spacecraft ScatSat-1 in clean-room 01.jpg
NamesScatterometer Satellite-1
Mission type Earth observation
Operator ISRO SAAR
COSPAR ID 2016-059H OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
SATCAT no. 41790
Website www.isro.gov.in
Mission durationPlanned: 5 years
Achieved: 4 years, 5 months and 1 day
Spacecraft properties
Bus IMS-2
Manufacturer Indian Space Research Organisation
Launch mass371 kg (818 lb)
Power750 watts
Start of mission
Launch date26 September 2016, 03:42 UTC
Rocket Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, PSLV-C35
Launch site Satish Dhawan Space Centre. First Launch Pad (FLP)
Contractor Indian Space Research Organisation
Entered service15 December 2016
End of mission
Last contact28 February 2021
Orbital parameters
Reference system Geocentric orbit
Regime Low Earth orbit
Perigee altitude 724 km (450 mi)
Apogee altitude 741 km (460 mi)
Inclination 98.1°
Period 99.2 minutes
Instruments
OceanSat Scatterometer-2 (OSCAT-2)

ScatSat-1 (Scatterometer Satellite-1) was a satellite providing weather forecasting, cyclone prediction, and tracking services to India. It has been developed by ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore whereas its payload was developed by Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad. [1] The satellite carries a Ku-band scatterometer similar to the Oceansat-2 which became dysfunctional after its life span of four-and-a-half years. India was dependent on NASA's ISS-RapidScat for prediction of cyclone forecasting and weather prediction. [2] The data generated by this mini-satellite are used by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

Contents

Instruments

The designated primary instrument of the satellite was a scatterometer (OSCAT) which was similar to the instrument launched with Oceansat-2. The satellite was built around a standard IMS-2 bus and the mass of the satellite was 371 kg (818 lb). The weight of the scatterometer was 110 kg (240 lb). [2] This satellite measured the wind speed and its direction over the ocean.

Development

Space Applications Centre (ASC) of ISRO was responsible for development of the instrument whereas ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore was responsible for the bus. ScatSat-1 was being built at 60% of the actual production cost and one-third of the actual predicted time. [3] It was built using leftover parts of other satellite missions. [4]

Launch

The satellite was launched on 26 September 2016, at 03:42 UTC, from the first launch pad (FLP) of Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota (SHAR) and launched by the PSLV-C35 launch vehicle the first multi-burn technology used by ISRO. [5] The microsatellites Alsat-1B, AlSat-2B and BlackSky Pathfinder-1, and nanosatellites AlSat-1N, NLS-19, PISat and Pratham were launched along with ScatSat-1. [6] It has been the longest Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) mission until date.

ScatSat-1 data

ScatSat-1 data are made available to the public through via FTP from the Meteorological and Oceanographic Satellite Data Archive Center, an e-portal maintained by Space Application Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Near-real time level two ocean wind vectors on a 25 / 50 km (16 / 31 mi) swath grid, based on the backscatter measurements of the ScatSat-1 are available through the e-portal of EUMETSAT.

End of mission

Data services of ScatSat-1 were discontinued after an irrecoverable TWTA instrument failure occurred on 28 February 2021. [7] [8] [9]

See also

Related Research Articles

A scatterometer or diffusionmeter is a scientific instrument to measure the return of a beam of light or radar waves scattered by diffusion in a medium such as air. Diffusionmeters using visible light are found in airports or along roads to measure horizontal visibility. Radar scatterometers use radio or microwaves to determine the normalized radar cross section of a surface. They are often mounted on weather satellites to find wind speed and direction, and are used in industries to analyze the roughness of surfaces.

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References

  1. ↑ "Special Section: SCATSAT-1".
  2. 1 2 Nair, Avinash (27 May 2015). "To predict cyclone, ISRO to build advanced satellite". The Indian Express. Ahmedabad. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  3. ↑ Singh, Tanaya (6 February 2016). "New ISRO Satellite to Predict Cyclones Being Built at 60% the Actual Cost, in One Third of the Time". thebetterindia.com. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  4. ↑ "How ISRO is "recycling" to build a cost-effective satellite at 60% the cost and one-third the time". Firstpost. 5 February 2016. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  5. ↑ "ScatSat-1" . Retrieved 8 February 2016.
  6. ↑ "ScatSat-1 (Scatterometer Satellite-1)".
  7. ↑ Thomas, JV (13 April 2021). "ISRO Report on Current Missions and Future Plans Presented to CGMS-49 Working Group III session". Stopped operations on Feb. 28, 2021 due to redundant chain malfunction. Detailed analysis is ongoing.
  8. ↑ Thapliyal, P. K. (23 April 2021). "ISRO highlights and issues in dataset and products Presented to CGMS-49 WG-II Session, Agenda 2". Re-processing of Scatsat-1 data in v1.1.4 since June 20, 2019 completed (after Main chain TWTA failure) and data from Fairbanks station went into operational chain since August 2020. Anomaly observed in the on-board system of the redundant chain of Scatsat-1 since first week of March 2021. Analysis is being carried out.
  9. ↑ "OSI SAF ScatSat-1 OSCAT Wind Products". scatterometer.knmi.nl. Archived from the original on 10 April 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022. All ScatSat-1 services are discontinued following an irrecoverable instrument failure on 28 February 2021.
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