Television in Thailand

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In Thailand, television broadcasting started on 24 June, 1955 (in NTSC). [1] Color telecasts (PAL, System B/G 625 lines) were started in 1967, and full-time color transmissions were launched in 1975. As of November 2020, there are currently 21 digital (DVB-T2) TV channels in Thailand.

Contents

History

Television was first officially introduced to Thailand on 24 June 1955 in NTSC. [1] One of the first broadcasters of television were the Mass Communication Organization of Thailand, which was established on 10 November 1952. In the first few years, viewership was low before gradually climbing to 2000 in 1957. Later on in 1955, the Radio Communications Act, B.E. 2498 was passed. [2]

Television had become the largest advertising medium in Thailand by 1959, with only two stations in Bangkok serving 35,000 television sets in a population of nine million. [3] As of 1967, Thailand had the third highest number of television sets in Southeast Asia, with little more than 250,000 sets available. [4] Color telecasts began in 1967, and full-time color transmissions started in 1975.

The introduction of digital terrestrial television quadrupled the number of available channels from six to 24, but due to a lack of local content on some of the new entrants, overseas programs filled the void. [5]

Television providers

Subscription providers are available, with differences in the number of channels, capabilities such as the program guide (EPG), video on demand (VOD), high-definition (HD), interactive television via the red button, and coverage across Thailand. Set-top boxes are generally used to receive these services.

ProviderType of serviceNo. broadcast channels VOD HD Red button Still Operate?Transmission
Digital terrestrial Free-to-air 36 (Planned 48)YesYesYesYes Digital terrestrial television
TrueVisions Free and Pay TV Around 200 (TV and radio)YesYesYesYesDigital satellite, Cable television and IPTV
AIS Play Free and Pay TVAround 100YesYesYesYesIPTV
GMM Z Free (Previously include Pay TV)Around 150YesYesYesYesDigital satellite and IPTV
PSI Free (Previously include Pay TV)Around 150 (C-band)/100 (KU-band)NoYesYesYesDigital satellite
IPM FreeAround 100NoYesYesYesDigital Satellite
Good TVFree and Pay TVAround 100 (Including 11 Paid Channels)NoYesYesYesDigital Satellite

Analog terrestrial television

Currently, the traditional way of receiving television in Thailand is through analog terrestrial television; however, it has now largely been supplanted by digital providers. There are 6 channels; three of them are government public-owned by MCOT the 2 television channels terrestrial free-to-air Modernine TV and Channel 3. Channel 5 and BBTV Channel 7 are owned by Royal Thai Army, while NBT and Thai PBS are fully government-owned. Analog terrestrial transmissions were switched off in phases as part of the digital switchover, which was completed in 2020 in line with ASEAN recommendations.

The independently run Provincial Public Relations Department Television Services were discontinued in 1988 when the National NBT TV feed from Bangkok, also operated by the Public Relations Department, became available to those provincial studios. Since then, local programming has been given a two-hour time slot each day in the schedule.

NameOwnerOperatorLaunch dateChannel (Analog TV - Bangkok Transmitter)Channel - LCN (Digital)Broadcasting areaTransmitted areaBroadcasting hoursFormerly known asAnalog TV Service Ended (UTC+07:00)
Channel 3 Bangkok Entertainment Co., Ltd. Bangkok Entertainment Co., Ltd.
MCOT
26 March 19703 (VHF)(1970-2008)
32 (UHF) (2006-2020)
33 (HDTV) [6] Bangkok Bangkok24 hours26 March 2020 (00:01) [7] [8]
Channel 5 Royal Thai Army Radio and Television Royal Thai Army 25 January 19585 (VHF)5 (HDTV)BangkokBangkok5:00 a.m. – Midnight (Next Day)HSATV (Channel 7)21 June 2018 (09:29) [9]
Channel 7 Bangkok Broadcasting & T.V. Company Limited (BBTV)Bangkok Broadcasting & T.V. Company Limited (BBTV)
Royal Thai Army
27 November 19677 (VHF)35 (HDTV)BangkokBangkok24 hours17 June 2018 (00:00) [10]
Modernine TV MCOT MCOT24 June 19559 (VHF)30 (HDTV)BangkokBangkok24 hoursTTV Channel 4, TTV Channel 9, MCOT Channel 9 and Modernine TV16 July 2018 (18:30) [11]
NBT NBT The Government Public Relations Department of the Prime Minister's Office 11 July 198811 (VHF)2 (HDTV)BangkokBangkok5:00 a.m. - Midnight (End of day)TVT 11 or TV (Channel) 1116 July 2018 (00:00) [12]
Thai PBS Thai PBS Thai Public Broadcasting Service 1 July 199629 (UHF)3 (HDTV)BangkokBangkok5:00 a.m. – 1:00 a.m. (Next Day) ITV, TITV, TPBS, TV Thai16 June 2018 (00:00) [13] [14] [15]

Digital terrestrial television

In 2005, the Ministry of Information announced their plan to digitalize nationwide free-to-air TV broadcasts led by MCOT. Trial broadcasts were undertaken, involving one thousand households in Bangkok from December 2000 till May 2001. In December 2013, the National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC) set up aseries of auctions for DTTV. Four types of licenses are offered: High-Definition channel license, Standard-Definition channel license, News channel license, and Youth/Family channel license. All the major operators and content owners in the industry, such as BEC World, Bangkok Broadcasting & Television, GMM Grammy, Thairath Newspaper, Nation Multimedia Group, TrueVisions, etc., won the bid for new licenses. According to the license conditions, DTTV services have been launched since April 2014.

Bangkok public/state media terrestrial channels

Bangkok public/state media free-to-air stations include:

NameOwnerChannel (Bangkok) MUX Frequency (Bangkok)Broadcasting areaTransmitted area
Bangkok NBT Digital 2HD Bangkok The Government Public Relations Department of the Prime Minister's Office 2 (HDTV)PRD MUX1CH26 (514MHz) Bangkok Bangkok
Bangkok TV 5 HD Bangkok Royal Thai Army 5 (HDTV)RTA2 MUX2CH36 (594MHz) Bangkok Bangkok
Bangkok MCOT HD Bangkok MCOT 30 (HDTV)MCOT MUX3CH40 (626MHz) Bangkok Bangkok
Bangkok 7 HD Bangkok Broadcasting Television Co., Ltd. 35 (HDTV)RTA2 MUX2CH36 (594MHz) Bangkok Bangkok

Popularity of terrestrial TV stations

The audience share achieved by each terrestrial channel in Thailand is shown in the first table below. The second table shows the share each channel receives of total TV advertising spending. Channel 7 is both the most popular and most commercially successful station with just under 50% of the total audience followed by Channel 3 at just under 30%. The other terrestrial stations share the remaining 20% of the TV audience between them. [16]

Audience Share: [16]

TV Station (Operator)2005200620072008200920102011 1H [17]
Channel 7 42.441.342.044.745.443.847.5
Channel 3 24.525.629.526.827.729.529.0
Channel 5 8.17.36.77.68.68.06.9
Modernine TV 10.310.29.29.69.99.79.2
NBT 2.93.02.44.93.43.42.4
Thai PBS (Values shown for 2005 - 2007 is for iTV and TITV)11.812.610.26.14.95.65.0

Market Share - Share of total TV advertising spending: [16]

TV Station (Operator)2005200620072008200920102011 1H [17]
Channel 7 28.027.427.731.028.031.031.7
Channel 3 20.822.222.528.028.027.027.0
Channel 5 16.516.015.920.020.018.017.7
Modernine TV 13.914.414.517.019.020.020.0
NBT 2.32.82.64.04.04.03.6
Thai PBS 18.517.316.90000

Audience Share (2022):

PositionChannelShare of total viewing (%)
1 Channel 7 15.6
2 Channel 3 10.8
3 Mono 29 9.1
4 Workpoint TV 6.5
5 One 31 6.3
6 Thairath TV 6.0
7 Amarin TV 5.3
8 Channel 8 3.8
9 PPTV 36 2.5
10 True4U 1.9
11 MCOT 1.8
12 GMM 25 1.6
13 TV 5 1.5
14 Thai PBS 1.4
15 NBT 0.8
16 TNN16 0.6

See also

Related Research Articles

Modern telecommunications in Thailand began in 1875 with the deployment of the first telegraph service. Historically, the development of telecommunication networks in Thailand were in the hands of the public sector. Government organisations were established to provide telegraph, telephone, radio, and television services, and other government agencies, especially the military, still control a large estate of radio and television spectra. Private telecommunication operators initially acquired concession agreements with state enterprises. For mobile phone services, all the concessions have been amended by successive government to last 25 years have gradually ended in 2015. For other services, the concession terms and conditions vary, ranging from one to fifteen years. Nearly all of the concessions are build-operate-transfer (BTO) contracts. The private investor has to build all the required facilities and transfer them to the state before they can operate or offer services to public.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Channel 7 (Thailand)</span> Thai television network

Channel 7 or Channel 7 HD, fully known as Bangkok Broadcasting & Television Company Limited Channel 7, is a Thai privately-owned free-to-air television network that was launched on 27 November 1967. It is the first colour television broadcast in Mainland Southeast Asia. It is currently owned by Bangkok Broadcasting & Television. It is headquartered in Mo Chit, Chatuchak, Bangkok.

Thailand has a well-developed mass media sector, especially by Southeast Asian standards. The Thai government and the military have long exercised considerable control, especially over radio and TV stations. During the governments of Thaksin Shinawatra and the subsequent military-run administration after the 2006 coup and military coup of 2014, the media in Thailand—both domestic and foreign—have suffered from increasing restrictions and censorship, sometimes subtle, sometimes overt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MCOT</span> Thai state-owned public broadcaster

MCOT Public Company Limited, formerly known as the Mass Communication Organization of Thailand, is a Thai state-owned public broadcaster. It owns and operates a number of radio and television stations in Thailand. It is based in Bangkok.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Global Buddhist Network</span> Thai online television channel

The Global Buddhist Network (GBN), previously known as the Dhammakaya Media Channel (DMC) is a Thai online television channel concerned with Buddhism. The channel's taglines were "The secrets of life revealed" and "The only one", but these were later replaced by "Channel for the path to the cessation of suffering and attainment of Dhamma". The channel features many types of programs with Buddhist content, and has programs in several languages.

The Thai Public Broadcasting Service, or Thai PBS, is a public broadcasting service in Thailand. It was established by the Thai Public Broadcasting Service Act, BE 2551 (2008), which came into force on 15 January 2008. Under this act, Thai PBS holds the status of state agency with legal personality, but is not a government agency or state enterprise.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BEC World</span> Thai media conglomerate

BEC World Public Company Limited, doing business as BEC World, is a Thai media conglomerate, best known as the operator of television Channel 3. It was founded in 1990 and listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand in 1995, though the group began doing business in 1967 as Bangkok Entertainment Co., Ltd., now a subsidiary. The business was founded by Vichai Maleenont, and continues to be majorly owned by the Maleenont family, though the company underwent major restructuring in the 2010s in response to major losses following landscape changes in the broadcast industry. Over time, the business gradually expanded, leading to the growth of content businesses, such as the Global Content Licensing division and the establishment of BEC Studio and BEC Music.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Channel 3 (Thailand)</span> Thai television channel founded in 1970

Channel 3 HD is a Thailand and Bangkok's first commercial free-to-air television network that was launched on 26 March 1970 as Thailand and Bangkok's first commercial television station. Channel 3 is operated by BEC Multimedia Company Limited ("BECM") a subsidiary of publicly traded company BEC World. The network is headquartered in the Maleenont Tower of Bangkok. Its slogan is คุ้มค่าทุกนาที ดูทีวีสีช่อง 3.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Broadcasting Services of Thailand</span> Public television network in Thailand

National Broadcasting Services of Thailand (NBT) is the public broadcasting arm of the Government Public Relations Department (PRD), a division of the Thai Government. It operates comprehensive media services comprising radio, public television networks, online services and social media.

The digital terrestrial television system was launched in Thailand in 2014. it employs DVB-T2 as its digital encoding standard.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PPTV (Thai TV channel)</span> Digital terrestrial television in Thailand

PPTV, also known as PPTV HD and PPTV HD 36, an acronym for Prasert Prasarttong-Osoth TeleVision) is a digital terrestrial television channel in Thailand, owned by Bangkok Media & Broadcasting Co., Ltd., a company managed by Prasarttong-Osoth, Bangkok Airways and Bangkok Hospital group owner, Prasert Prasarttong-Osoth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Television Pool of Thailand</span> Broadcast organization of Thailand

Television Pool of Thailand is an organization established by Thai TV Channel 3, Royal Thai Army (RTA) Radio and Television Channel 5, BBTV Channel 7 and Channel 9 MCOT HD on 20 December 1968 to collaborate on live coverage of special events such as royal events, governmental events and addresses and sport games such as Olympic Games, Asian Games, SEA Games, and FIFA World Cup.

Thairath TV is a digital terrestrial television channel owned by Triple V Broadcast Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of the news publisher, Thairath, which was owned by Vacharaphol Co., Ltd., launched in April 2014 after they won a digital television broadcast license.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TNN (Thai TV channel)</span> 24-hour news channel

TNN is a Thai satellite, cable and digital terrestrial 24-hour news channel owned by Thai News Network (TNN) Co., Ltd., a unit of TrueVisions, a subsidiary of True Corporation, part of the Charoen Pokphand Group and Telenor, presents news, documentaries and sport news.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Channel 8 (Thailand)</span> Television channel

Channel 8 is a Thai digital television channel that broadcasts entertainment, foreign TV series, and sports. It is owned and operated by RS Multimedia Company Limited. The channel is based in Bangkok, Thailand, where it is available on both C and KU bands. Channel 8 broadcasts popular events such as HBO World Championship Boxing plus domestic and self-produced programs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amarin TV</span> Thai television network

Amarin TV, fully known as Amarin TV 34 HD, is a Thai digital terrestrial television channel operated by Amarin Television Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Amarin Corporations PCL, which is an affiliate of the TCC Group. The networks offers a variety of content such as news, entertainment lifestyle, food and variety programs. It was also one of the broadcasting companies which was granted a license to operate on digital television by the National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission in December 2013.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">JKN Global Group</span> Thai multinational conglomerate

JKN Global Group Public Company Limited is a Thai multinational conglomerate founded by Jakkaphong Jakrajutatip. Its headquarters are in the JKN Empire building in Samut Prakan, Thailand. It comprises numerous businesses in various industries of foods, beverages, content distribution, cosmetics, health products, home shopping, energy drinks, entertainment, events, film, mass media, personal care, television advertisements, and television programs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TV24 (Thailand)</span> Television channel

TV24 or Asia Update is an online news television channel in Thailand, associated with the United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship and the Red Shirt movement. In the past, it was a cable and satellite news television channel. It was owned by Democracy News Network Co., Ltd.

References

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  16. 1 2 3 "Analyst Briefing Presentation" (PDF). MCOT. 2 March 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2012.
  17. 1 2 "Analyst Briefing 2Q" (PDF). MCOT. 16 August 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2012.