 | This article needs additional citations for verification .(July 2012) |
Nepal is a landlocked mountainous country where transportation is difficult due to the terrain.
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(July 2012) |
Nepal is a landlocked mountainous country where transportation is difficult due to the terrain.
Road is the country's primary transport mode. The Economic Survey 2014-15 released by the Ministry of Finance (Nepal) shows that the country has a total road network of 80,078 kilometres (49,758 mi), which includes 26,935 kilometres (16,737 mi) of roads constructed and being maintained by the Department of Roads and 53,143 kilometres (33,022 mi) of roads constructed by local government bodies. [1]
| Type | Description | Average speed limit |
|---|---|---|
| H | National highways are the major roads connecting Eastern Nepal with Western Nepal, and Southern Nepal with Northern. They are designated by letter 'H' followed by a two-digit number. | 80 kmph |
| F | Feeder roads run alongside National Highways or sometimes link two highways. They are designated by letter 'F' followed by a 3-digit number. | 60 kmph |
| D | District roads sometimes link two or more districts or act as an internal road link in a district. | 60 kmph |
| U | Urban roads are freeways[ clarification needed ] intended to serve within a specific metro, sub-metro, municipality or rural-municipality. | 40 kmph |
Nepal Government Railway operated a short narrow gauge railway from 1927 to 1965. Presently in 2022, there are two operational railway lines in the country, both of which connect Nepal with India: the Raxaul–Sirsiya and the Jainagar–Janakpur. The former is a 6 km (3.7 mi) line from Raxaul, India to Sirsiya Inland Container Depot (or dry port) near Birgunj, Nepal, and is primarily used for freight transport. [3] It allows container traffic to be imported to Nepal through the Sirsiya dry port container depot. [4] The latter is a 51 km (32 mi) line from Jaynagar, India to Janakpur, Nepal, and is used primarily for passenger transport. [5]
Nepal and India had agreed to construct 8 different India–Nepal cross-border rail lines, this includes linking Raxaul with Kathmandu, during Prime Minister KP Oli's visit to India. [6] A team of technical officers visited Kathmandu to study the proposed railway from Raxaul to Kathmandu and have stated that a feasibility study of the project would begin. They have already identified Chobhar as the terminus of the 113 km-long line. [7]
China–Nepal railway is a planned line through Kathmandu, linking India with Lhasa in Tibet. It has been proposed by the KP Oli government. In November 2017, Chinese media reported the arrival of a delegation of Chinese railway experts in Nepal. They discussed the possibility of a rail connection between China and Nepal. [8] In August 2018, the two sides reached an agreement on construction details of the railway. [9] [10]
There are 53 airports in Nepal as of 2020 out of which 34 are in operation. There are three international airports that serve as the aviation hubs: Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu, Gautam Buddha International Airport in Lumbini, and Pokhara International Airport in Pokhara.
| Type | Paved runways | Unpaved runways | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Under 914 m | (3000 feet) | 31 | 1 |
| 914–1,523 m | (3000–5000 feet) | 7 | 1 |
| 1,524–2,437 m | (5000–8000 feet) | 1 | 0 |
| 2,437–3,047 m | (8000–10,000 feet) | 0 | 0 |
| Over 3,047 m | (over 10,000 feet) | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 40 | 2 | |
Nepal is a landlocked country that does not have any territory connected to an ocean. [11]
Nepal's three dry ports are Birgunj, Biratnagar, and Bhairahawa.
Nepal Doorsanchar Company Ltd., popularly known as Nepal Telecom or NTC, is a state-owned telecommunications service provider in Nepal with 91.49% of the government share. The company was a monopoly until 2003, when the first private sector operator, United Telecom Limited (UTL), started providing basic telephony services. The central office of Nepal Telecom is located at Bhadrakali Plaza, Kathmandu. It has branches, exchanges and other offices in 184 locations within the country.
Birgunj is a metropolitan city in Parsa District in Madhes Pradesh in southern Nepal. It lies 135 km (84 mi) south of the capital Kathmandu, attached in the north to Raxaul on the border of the Indian state of Bihar. As an entry point to Nepal from Patna, Birganj is known as the "Gateway of Nepal". It is also called the "Commercial Capital of Nepal". The town has significant economic importance for Nepal as most of the trade with India is via Birganj and the Indian town of Raxaul. The Tribhuvan Highway links Birgunj to Nepal's capital, Kathmandu.
Raxaul is a sub-divisional town in the East Champaran district of the Indian state of Bihar. It is situated at the India-Nepal border with Birgunj city (Nepal). Raxaul is a major railway junction.
Janakpurdham or Janakpur is a sub-metropolitan city in Dhanusha district, Madhesh Province, Nepal. The city is a hub for religious and cultural tourism. A headquarter of Dhanusha district, Janakpur is also the capital for Madhesh Province.
Mahendra Highway, also called East-West Highway, runs across the Terai geographical region of Nepal, from Mechinagar in the east to Bhim Datta in the west, cutting across the entire width of the country. It is the longest highway in Nepal and was constructed in cooperation with various countries. The highway is named after King Mahendra Shah.
Malangwa is a town, a municipality, and the headquarter of Sarlahi District in Madhesh Province of Nepal. The district's oldest municipality, it is in parliamentary constituency 2. From the Mahendra Highway 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Nawalpur, a small highway side town. Situated at an altitude of 79 meters (259 ft) above sea level, Malangwa is near the Indian border at Sonbarsa. There is a customs checkpoint at the border crossing.
Jitpursimara is a sub-metropolitan city in Bara District in Province No. 2 of southern Nepal that was formed on 10 March 2017 after merging Gadhimai Municipality, Inarwasira, Amlekhganj, as well as parts of Manharwa, Haraiya and Rampur Tokani to form a new sub-metropolitan city. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, the former settlements that would make up the sub-metropolitan city had a joint population of 117,094 people living in 21,670 individual households.
The Tribhuvan Highway connects the outskirts of Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, with Birganj/Raxaul on the Nepal-India border. NH 28 and NH 28A links Raxaul with Lucknow/Barauni and other locations in India.
Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli is a Nepali Communist politician, former Prime Minister of Nepal. He has served two terms as prime minister, from 11 October 2015 to 3 August 2016, and from 15 February 2018 to 13 July 2021 as the first prime minister to be appointed following the first general election under the new constitution.
The Nepal Government Railway (NGR) was Nepal's first railway. Established in 1927 and closed in 1965, it linked Amlekhganj with Raxaul across the border in India in the south. The 2 ft 6 in narrow gauge railway was 47 km long.
The Nepalese Ministry of Minister of Industry, Commerce and Supplies is a governmental body of Nepal to monitor and manage industries of the country.
The 2015 Nepal blockade, which began on 23 September 2015 and lasted about six months, was an economic and humanitarian crisis that severely affected Nepal and its economy.
Madhesh Province is a province of Nepal in the Terai region with an area of 9,661 km2 (3,730 sq mi) covering about 6.5% of the country's total area. It has a population of 6,126,288 as per the 2021 Nepal census, making it Nepal's most densely populated province and the smallest province by area. It borders Koshi Pradesh to the east and the north, Bagmati Province to the north, and India’s Bihar state to the south and the west. The border between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park acts as the provincial boundary in the west, and the Kosi River forms the provincial border in the east. The province includes eight districts, from Parsa in the west to Saptari in the east.
Raxaul Junction railway station is a main railway station in East Champaran district, Bihar. Its code is RXL. It serves Raxaul city and also as gateway to Nepal as the most important station on the Indo-Nepal border. The station consists of five platforms.
Nijgadh International Airport is a proposed hub-airport, located in Kolhabi, directly 68 km (42 mi) to the south of Kathmandu, near the town of Nijgadh in Madhesh Federal Province, Nepal. It is targeted to be completed by 2025 with an estimated investment of US$6.7 billion. If constructed, it would be the largest airport in South Asia and the fourth largest airport in the world in terms of land area. The airport is intended to relieve expected capacity restraints at Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) in Kathmandu.
Jaynagar railway station is a main terminal railway station in Madhubani district, Bihar. Its code is JYG. It serves Jainagar and the surrounding areas. The station consists of 5 platforms.
The China–Nepal Railway is a planned railway between China and Nepal. The railway will link Kathmandu with Shigatse, Tibet, crossing the China–Nepal border at Gyirong–Rasuwa.
The India–Nepal border is an open international boundary running between the republics of India and Nepal. The 1,770 km (1,099.83 mi) long border includes the Himalayan territories as well as Indo-Gangetic Plain of the subcontinent. The current border was delimited after the Sugauli treaty of 1816 between Nepal and the British Raj. Following Indian independence, the prevailing border was recognised as the international border between the Kingdom of Nepal and the Dominion of India.
Department of Railways under Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport is the authority to develop, maintain and plan railways in Nepal. It has its headquarter at Bishalnagar, Kathmandu. Currently it maintains three in-operation railway lines in the country: Raxaul–Sirsiya,Jainagar–Bhangaha and Bathnaha - Budhnagar. It is equivalent to Department of Road for road infrastructure. It has several lines been planned.
The Raxaul–Kathmandu railway line is a proposed cross-border railway between India and Nepal. The governments of India and Nepal had issued a joint statement on expanding rail linkages with India's financial support, connecting the border city of Raxaul in India to Kathmandu in Nepal. Nepal signed a memorandum of understanding with India to prepare a detailed project report for a proposed railway linking the two towns, with an estimated cost around US$3 billion.
This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2024 ed.). CIA. (Archived 2003 edition.)
| Existing |
| |
|---|---|---|
| Expressway | ||
| Under construction |
| |
