Yuehai dialects

Yuehai
	粵海方言
Native to	China
Region	Pearl River Delta, Guangdong
Native speakers	13 million? (1998) [1]
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Chinese Yue Yuehai; ; ;
Dialects	Guangfu; Sanyi; Xiangshan; Guanbao;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
ISO 639-6	(none)
Glottolog	yueh1236 [2]
Linguasphere	79-AAA-ma
	The four main Yuehai dialects, at right, are shaded in pink

Last updated March 01, 2019

Yuehai (粵海方言) is the main branch of Yue Chinese, spoken in the Pearl River Delta of the province of Guangdong, as well as Hong Kong and Macau. It is commonly called Cantonese, though that name is more precisely applied to the Guangzhou dialect of Yuehai.

Yue Chinese primary branch of Chinese spoken in southern China

Yue or Yueh is one of the primary branches of Chinese spoken in southern China, particularly the provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi, collectively known as Liangguang.

The Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region is the low-lying area surrounding the Pearl River estuary, where the Pearl River flows into the South China Sea. It is one of the most densely urbanized regions in the world, and is often considered an emerging megacity. The region's economy is referred to as Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, while the Chinese government's development plans consider it part of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area.

Guangdong is a province in South China, on the South China Sea coast. Guangdong surpassed Henan and Shandong to become the most populous province in China in January 2005, registering 79.1 million permanent residents and 31 million migrants who lived in the province for at least six months of the year; the total population was 104,303,132 in the 2010 census, accounting for 7.79 percent of Mainland China's population. This also makes it the most populous first-level administrative subdivision of any country outside of South Asia, as its population is surpassed only by those of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the Indian states of Bihar, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. The provincial capital Guangzhou and economic hub Shenzhen are among the most populous and important cities in China. The population increase since the census has been modest, the province registering 108,500,000 people in 2015.

Dialects

Yuehai is divided into four principal dialects, each of which contains various subdialects. Cantonese is the prestige form.

Cantonese standard dialect of Yue language that originated in the vicinity of Guangzhou (Canton) in southern China

Cantonese is one of the hundreds of varieties of Chinese. It is typically spoken in the city of Guangzhou and its surrounding area in southeastern China. It is the traditional prestige variety and standard form of Yue Chinese, one of the major subgroups of Chinese.

Guangfu dialects
Sanyi / Nanpanshun dialects
The Jiujiang dialect is a variety of Cantonese spoken in Jiujiang Town, in Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong. A few words differ from Standard Cantonese, but generally other Cantonese speakers can understand Jiujiang dialect without difficulty.
Xiangshan dialect
- Shiqi dialect
- Sanjiao dialect
Guanbao dialect
- Dongguan dialect
- Bao'an dialect (Waitau)

Hong Kong Cantonese Language native to Hong Kong

Hong Kong Cantonese is a dialect of the Cantonese language commonly spoken in Hong Kong, as well as Macau. Although the Hong Kong people largely identify this variant of Chinese with the term "Cantonese" (廣東話), a variety of publications in Mainland China describe the variant as Hong Kong speech (香港話).

The Xiguan accent, or Xiguan dialect, is a sub-dialect of the Guangzhou dialect of Cantonese, spoken in Xiguan. Cantonese takes Guangzhou dialect as its standard, and Guangzhou dialect once took Xiguan as its standard. With an increasing number of outsiders moving in, Xiguan dialect can only be heard among the older population, and it is near extinction. The Guangzhouhua Zidian includes Xiguan alongside Nanhai and Hong Kong.

Tanka people Ethnic group of Han Chinese

The Tankas or boat people are an ethnic subgroup in Southern China who have traditionally lived on junks in coastal parts of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, and Zhejiang, as well as Hong Kong, and Macau. Though many now live onshore, some from the older generations still live on their boats and pursue their traditional livelihood of fishing. Historically, the Tankas were considered to be outcasts. Since they were boat people who lived by the sea, they were sometimes referred to as "sea gypsies" by the Chinese and British. Tanka origins can be traced back to the native ethnic minorities of southern China known historically as the Baiyue who may have taken refuge on the sea and gradually assimilated into Han culture. However, Tanka have preserved many of their native traditions that are not found in Han Chinese culture.

Related Research Articles

This is a list of Cantonese-related topics, which encompasses Guangdong and Guangxi, the Cantonese people, culture and language.

Hong Kong cuisine is mainly influenced by Cantonese cuisine, European cuisines and non-Cantonese Chinese cuisines, as well as Japanese, Korean and Southeast Asian cuisines, due to Hong Kong's past as a British colony and a long history of being an international port of commerce. From the roadside stalls to the most upscale restaurants, Hong Kong provides an unlimited variety of food and dining in every class. Complex combinations and international gourmet expertise have given Hong Kong the reputable labels of "Gourmet Paradise" and "World's Fair of Food".

The sub groups of the Han Chinese people, also known as Sinitic peoples, Chinese dialect groups or just dialect groups, are defined based on linguistic, cultural, genetic, and regional features. The terminology used in Mandarin to describe the groups is: "minxi", used in Mainland China, or "zuqun", used in Taiwan. Other than Hui people, which is a classification for Muslims of all backgrounds, no Han subgroup is recognized as one of People's Republic of China's 55 official minority ethnic groups.

The egg tart is a kind of custard tart found in Macau, Hong Kong, Mainland China, Taiwan, Argentina, Portugal, Brazil, Britain, and various Asian countries. The dish consists of an outer pastry crust and is filled with egg custard and baked.

Punti is a Cantonese endonym referring to the native Cantonese people of Guangdong and Guangxi. "Punti" designates the Cantonese-speaking locals in contrast to the other Yue Chinese people such as the Taishanese; Hoklo people from Fujian who spoke the Hokkien dialects; the Hakka immigrants who arrived in Guangdong and Guangxi during the Qing dynasty; and ethnic minorities such as the Zhuang people of Guangxi, and the boat-dwelling Tanka people who are both descendants of the Baiyue - although the Tanka have largely assimilated into Han Chinese culture.

Wong Shik-Ling (1908–1959) was a prominent scholar in Cantonese research. He is famous for his authoritative book, A Chinese Syllabary Pronounced According to the Dialect of Canton (《粵音韻彙》), which is influential in Cantonese research.

The Cantonese people are subgroup of the Han Chinese people native to and/or originating from the provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi, in southern mainland China. Although more accurately, "Cantonese" refers only to the people from Guangzhou and its satellite cities and towns and/or native speakers of Standard Cantonese, rather than simply and generally referring to the people of the Liangguang region. The Cantonese people share a common native culture, history, ancestry and language. The term "Cantonese people" is often synonymous with the Punti people. They are also referred to as "Hoa" in Vietnam, "Kongfu" in Malaysia and "Konghu" in Indonesia.".

Weitou dialect is a dialect of Yue Chinese. It forms part of the Guan-Bao branch of Yuehai, sometimes called Cantonese. It is spoken by older generations in Luohu and Futian Districts in Shenzhen, and by those in the New Territories, Hong Kong.

Guangdong Television is a television network owned by Guangdong Radio and Television in Guangzhou, Guangdong province in China. Guangdong TV is the oldest television station in Guangdong province, based in Guangzhou, near the Guangzhou TV Station. The station covers Guangdong and Guangxi provinces. At present, Guangdong TV has a staff of around 1,800 people.

The Cantonese Wikipedia is the Cantonese-language edition of Wikipedia, run by the Wikimedia Foundation. It was started on 25 March 2006.

TVS Television, originally known as Southern Television Guangdong is a regional Chinese language sub-network under Guangdong Radio and Television in Southern China. TVS is based in Guangzhou and covers mainly in Guangdong and Hong Kong. Most of the channels programming and broadcast is mainly in Cantonese, with additional Mandarin Chinese broadcasts.

Huadu District is a district of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong province, China. It is located in the far northern suburbs of the city.

Guangzhou is a city in China's Guangdong Province.

The Sanyi, Three Counties, or Nanpanshun also known by various Cantonese romanizations such as Sam Yup and Nam Pun Shunrefers to the three former counties of Nanhai, Panyu, and Shunde surrounding Guangzhou and Foshan.

Guangfu may refer to:

Malaysian Cantonese is a local variety of Cantonese spoken in Malaysia. It is the lingua franca among Chinese throughout much of the central portion of Peninsular Malaysia, being spoken in the capital Kuala Lumpur, southern Perak, Pahang, Selangor and Negeri Sembilan, it is also widely understood to varying degrees by many Chinese throughout the country, regardless of their ancestral dialect.

References

↑ "Guangfu" (apparently = all of Yuehai) in Olson, An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of China
↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yuehai". Glottolog 3.0 . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

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[1] "Guangfu" (apparently = all of Yuehai) in Olson, An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of China

[Glottolog-2] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yuehai". Glottolog 3.0 . Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.