13th century in philosophy

This is a timeline of philosophy in the 13th century .

Events

A painting of Francis of Assisi by Francisco de Zurbarán

• 1204 – The Franciscan Order is formed by Francis of Assisi which would later have a major impact on Christian philosophy. ^[1]
• 1210 – The bishops of Paris ban the teaching of Aristotle's natural philosophy at the University of Paris.
• 1222 – The University of Padua is established, which became an important center of philosophy in Europe in the following centuries. ^[2]
• 1228 – Dōgen introduces Sōtō Zen to Japan. ^[3]
• 1242 – A mathematical device named the Tusi couple is developed by al-Tusi which challenges Ptolemaic ideas. ^[4]
• 1248 – The Dominican Order establishes a studium generale in Germany, promoting the study of theology and scholastic thought in Europe. ^[5]
• 1258 – The public academy and intellectual center, the House of Wisdom is destroyed during the siege of Baghdad. ^[6]
• 1250 – The oldest recorded usage of a movable type printed a Buddhist text called Sangjeong Gogeum Yemun in Korea which was carried out by Ch'oe Yun-ŭi. ^[7]
• 1270 – Led by Bishop Étienne Tempier, the Church condemns 13 propositions derived from Aristotelian and Averroist philosophies from being taught at the University of Paris. ^[8]
• 1263 – The Disputation of Barcelona takes place where Nahmanides, leading Jewish scholar debates Pablo Christiani, a Jewish converso and Dominican friar over whether Jesus was the Jewish messiah.
• 1277 – Reaffirming earlier condemnations by the University of Paris, they denounce 219 propositions from many sources, including the works of Thomas Aquinas. ^[9]

Publications

• Metaphysique et Noetique by Albertus Magnus ^[10]
• Liber de causis proprietatum elementorum by Albertus Magnus ^[11]
• Kethabha dhe-Bhabhatha by Bar Hebraeus ^[12]
• Quaternuli by David of Dinant ^[13]
• De regimine principum by Giles of Rome ^[14]
• Summa quaestionum ordinarium by Henry of Ghent ^[15]
• Quodlibeta Theologica by Henry of Ghent ^[16]
• Tagmulei haNefesh by Hillel ben Samuel ^[17]
• Fuṣūṣ Al-Ḥikam by Ibn Arabi ^[18]
• Al-Tanqīḥāt fī Sharḥ al-Talwīḥāt by Ibn Kammuna ^[19]
• al-Masāʼil al-Ṣiqilliyya by Ibn Sab'in ^[20]
• Tractatus de divisione potentiarum animae by John of la Rochelle ^[21]
• Logica by Lambert of Auxerre ^[22]
• Zohar by Moses de León
• Akhlāq-i Nāsirī by Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
• Rissho Ankoku Ron by Nichiren ^[23]
• Summulae Logicales by Peter of Spain ^[24]
• Summa de bono by Philip the Chancellor ^[25]
• Conciliator differentiarum quae inter philosophos et medicos versantur by Pietro d'Abano ^[26]
• Ashtadasa Rahasyangal by Pillai Lokacharya ^[27]
• Ars Magna by Ramon Llull ^[28]
• Ars compendiosa inveniendi veritatem by Ramon Llull ^[29]
• Ars demonstrativa by Ramon Llull ^[29]
• Ars inventiva veritatis by Ramon Llull ^[29]
• Art amativa by Ramon Llull ^[29]
• Lectura super figuras Artis demonstrativae by Ramon Llull ^[30]
• De luce by Robert Grosseteste ^[31]
• De tempore by Robert Kilwardby ^[32]
• De spiritu fantastico sive de receptione specierum by Robert Kilwardby ^[33]
• Quaestiones supra libros Ethicorum by Robert Kilwardby ^[34]
• Quaestiones in librum primum Sententiarum by Robert Kilwardby ^[35]
• Quaestiones in librum secundum Sententiarum by Robert Kilwardby ^[36]
• Quaestiones in librum tertium Sententiarum by Robert Kilwardby ^[37]
• Quaestiones in librum quartum Sententiarum by Robert Kilwardby ^[38]
• De ortu scientiarum by Robert Kilwardby ^[39]
• Opus Majus by Roger Bacon
• Opus Minus by Roger Bacon
• Opus Tertium by Roger Bacon
• Summa Grammatica by Roger Bacon
• Summa de sophismatibus et distinctionibus by Roger Bacon ^[40]
• Summulae dialectics by Roger Bacon ^[40]
• De multiplictione specierum by Roger Bacon ^[40]
• Communia naturalium by Roger Bacon ^[40]
• Epistola de secretis operibus naturae et de nullitate magiae by Roger Bacon ^[40]
• Compendium studii philosophiae by Roger Bacon ^[40]
• Epistola de secretis operibus naturae et de nullitate magiae by Roger Bacon ^[40]
• Iggeret ha-Wikkuaḥ by Shem-Tov ibn Falaquera ^[41]
• Tractatus de anima intellectiva by Siger of Brabant ^[42]
• Quaestiones logicales by Siger of Brabant ^[43]
• Quaestiones naturales by Siger of Brabant ^[44]
• De aeternitate mundi by Siger of Brabant ^[44]
• Quaestio utrum haec sit vera: Homo est animal nullo homine existente by Siger of Brabant ^[44]
• Impossibilia by Siger of Brabant ^[44]
• Summa Theologicae by Thomas Aquinas
• Summa contra Gentiles by Thomas Aquinas
• Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate by Thomas Aquinas
• Scriptum super libros sententiarum Petri Lombardi by Thomas Aquinas
• De ente et essentia  [ de ] by Thomas Aquinas
• Quaestiones disputatae de potentia Dei by Thomas Aquinas
• In libros posteriorum Analyticorum expositio by Thomas Aquinas
• In libros De anima expositio by Thomas Aquinas
• In librum De sensu et sensato expositio by Thomas Aquinas
• In librum De memoria et reminiscentia expositio by Thomas Aquinas
• Super librum De causis expositio by Thomas Aquinas
• De unitate intellectus, contra Averroistas by Thomas Aquinas
• In libros Meteorologicorum expositio by Thomas Aquinas
• Quaestiones disputatae de virtutibus by Thomas Aquinas
• Quaestiones disputatae de malo by Thomas Aquinas
• Sapientiale by Thomas of York ^[45]
• De summo bono by Ulrich of Strasbourg ^[46]
• Shatadushani by Vendanta Desika
• Mimamsa Paduka by Vendanta Desika ^[47]
• Tattva Mukta Kalapa by Vendanta Desika ^[48]
• Perspectiva by Vitello ^[49]
• Summa aurea by William of Auxerre ^[50]

Births

• 1200 – Albertus Magnus, German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop.
• 1200 – Dōgen, Japanese Zen Buddhist monk, writer, poet, and philosopher.
• 1200 – William of Saint-Amour, French scholastic philosopher and theologian.
• 1200 – John of La Rochelle, French Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher, and theologian.
• 1201 – Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Persian polymath.
• 1201 – Richard de Fournival, French philosopher and trouvère.
• 1205 – Pillai Lokacharya, Indian philosopher.
• 1215 – Ibn Kammuna, Iraqi Jewish physician and philosopher.
• 1215 – Pope John XXI, bishop of Rome and head of Catholic Church, (usually identified as the logician, herbalist, and philosopher, Peter of Spain).
• 1215 – Robert Kilwardby, English Archbishop of Canterbury, cardinal, and scholar.
• 1215 – William of Moerbeke, Flemish Dominican cleric and translator.
• 1217 – Henry of Ghent, Belgian scholastic philosopher.
• 1219/20 – Roger Bacon, English polymath and Franciscan friar.
• 1220 – Thomas of York, Franciscan theologian and scholastic philosopher.
• 1220 – Hillel ben Samuel, Italian Jewish physician, philosopher, and Talmudist.
• 1221 – Bonaventure, Italian Franciscan bishop, cardinal, theologian, and philosopher.
• 1222 – Nichiren, Japanese Buddhist priest and philosopher.
• 1225 – Thomas Aquinas, Italian Dominican friar, priest, philosopher, and theologian.
• 1225 – Shem-Tov ibn Falaquera, Sephardic Jewish philosopher, poet, and commentator.
• 1225 – Ulrich of Strasbourg, German Dominican theologian and scholastic philosopher.
• 1226 – Bar Hebraeus, Syrian polymath.
• 1230 – Vitello, Polish friar, theologian, and natural philosopher.
• 1232 – Ramon Llull, Spanish philosopher, theologian, poet, missionary, and Christian apologist.
• 1240 – Siger of Brabant, Belgian philosopher.
• 1240 – Matthew of Aquasparta, Italian Franciscan friar and philosopher.
• 1240 – Abraham Abulafia, Sephardic Jewish philosopher and writer.
• 1243 – Giles of Rome, Italian philosopher and theologian.
• 1243 – Narahari Tirtha, Indian philosopher, scholar, and statesman.
• 1246 – Henry Bate of Mechelen, Brabantian philosopher, theologian, astronomer, astrologer, poet, and musician.
• 1248 – Peter John Olivi, French Franciscan theologian and philosopher.
• 1249 – Richard of Middleton, French or English Franciscan theologian and scholastic philosopher.
• 1250 – Theodoric of Freiberg, German Dominican priest, philosopher, theologian, and physicist.
• 1257 – Pietro d'Abano, Italian philosopher, astrologer, and professor.
• 1260 – Simon of Faversham, English scholastic philosopher and university chancellor.
• 1260 – Meister Eckhart, German Catholic priest, theologian, philosopher, and mystic.
• 1260 – Vital du Four, French Franciscan theologian and scholastic philosopher.
• 1265 – Dante, Italian poet, writer, and philosopher.
• 1265/66 – Duns Scotus, Scottish Catholic priest and Franciscan friar, professor, philosopher, and theologian.
• 1268 – Vedanta Desika, Indian polymath.
• 1269 – Vidyadhiraja Tirthu, Indian Hindu philosopher, dialectician, and the seventh pontiff of Madhvacharya Peetha.
• 1270 – Abner of Burgos, Sephardic Jewish philosopher and polemical writer.
• 1270 – Alexander Bonini, Italian Franciscan friar and philosopher.
• 1270 – Theodore Metochites, Byzantine Greek statesman, author, philosopher, and patron.
• 1270 – Radulphus Brito, French grammarian and philosopher.
• 1275 – Sant Dnyaneshwar, Indian saint, poet, philosopher, and yogi.
• 1275 – Durandus of Saint-Pourçain, French Dominican, philosopher, theologian, and bishop.
• 1275 – Walter Burley, English scholastic philosopher and logician.
• 1280 – Francis of Meyronnes, French scholastic philosopher.
• 1280 – Petrus Aureoli, Italian scholastic philosopher and theologian.
• 1282 – Akshobhya Tirtha, Indian philosopher, scholar, and theologian.
• 1285 – John of Jandun, French philosopher, theologian, and political writer.
• 1287 – William of Ockham, English Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher, apologist, and theologian.
• 1290 – Walter Chatton, English scholastic philosopher and theologian.
• 1290 – Francis of Marchia, Italian Franciscan theologian and philosopher.
• 1290 – Robert Holcot, English Dominican scholastic philosopher and theologian.
• 1290 – Narayana Panditacharya, Indian scholar and philosopher.
• 1293 – Judah ben Moses Romano, Italian Jewish philosopher and translator.

Deaths

• 1200 – Zhu Xi, Chinese calligrapher, historian, philosopher, poet, and politician.
• 1202 – Joachim of Fiore, Italian Christian theologian, Catholic abbot, and the founder of the monastic order of San Giovanni in Fiore.
• 1202/03 – Alain de Lille, French theologian, philosopher, professor, and poet.
• 1204 – Maimonides, Sephardic Jewish rabbi, philosopher, astronomer, and physician.
• 1209 – Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Persian polymath.
• 1210 – Jinul, Korean monk.
• 1212 – Hōnen, Japanese religious reformer and progenitor of Jōdo Buddhism.
• 1215 – Ralph of Longchamp, English scholastic philosopher, natural philosopher, and physician.
• 1217 – David of Dinat, Belgian pantheistic philosopher.
• 1217 – Ibn Sab'in, Andalusi Arab philosopher.
• 1225 – Urso of Calabria, Italian philosopher and author.
• 1231 – William of Auxerre, French scholastic philosopher and theologian.
• 1230 – Samuel ibn Tibbon, French Jewish philosopher and physician.
• 1235 – Zhen Dexiu, Chinese politician and philosopher.
• 1240 – Ibn Arabi, Andalusi Arab scholar, mystic, poet, and philosopher.
• 1242 – George Pachymeres, Byzantine Greek historian, philosopher, music theorist and miscellaneous writer.
• 1243 – Haymo of Faversham, English Franciscan scholar and professor.
• 1245 – Alexander of Hales, Franciscan friar, theologian, and scholastic philosopher.
• 1245 – John of La Rochelle, French Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher, and theologian.
• 1248 – Ibn Kammuna, Iraqi Jewish physician and philosopher.
• 1248 – John Blund, English scholastic philosopher.
• 1249 – William of Auvergne, French theologian and philosopher.
• 1253 – Robert Grosseteste, English statesman, scholastic philosopher, theologian, scientist, and bishop.
• 1253 – Dōgen, Japanese Zen Buddhist monk, writer, poet, and philosopher.
• 1259 – Roland of Cremona, Italian Dominican theologian and scholastic philosopher.
• 1260 – Richard de Fournival, French philosopher and trouvère.
• 1260 – Aaron ben Joseph of Constantinople, teacher, philosopher, physician, and liturgical poet.
• 1262 – Altheides, Cypriot philosopher.
• 1263 – Shinran, Japanese Buddhist monk.
• 1270 – Nachmanides, Catalonian Jewish scholar, rabbi, philosopher, physician, kabbalist, and biblical commentator.
• 1274 – Thomas Aquinas, Italian Dominican friar, priest, philosopher, theologian, and a jurist in scholasticism.
• 1274 – Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Persian polymath.
• 1275 – Shemariah of Negropont, Greek-Jewish philosopher and Biblical exegete.
• 1277 – Ulrich of Strasbourg, German Dominican theologian and scholastic philosopher.
• 1279 – Robert Kilwardby, English Archbishop of Canterbury, cardinal, and scholar.
• 1260 – Richard Rufus, Cornish Franciscan scholastic philosopher, and theologian.
• 1280 – Albertus Magnus, German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop.
• 1280 – Vitello, Polish friar, theologian, and natural philosopher.
• 1282 – Nichiren, Japanese Buddhist priest and philosopher.
• 1286 – Bar Hebraeus, Syrian polymath.
• 1286 – William of Moerbeke, Flemish Dominican cleric, philosopher, and translator.
• 1292 – Roger Bacon, English polymath and Franciscan friar.
• 1293 – Henry of Ghent, Belgian scholastic philosopher.
• 1294 – Bartholomew of Bologna, Italian Franciscan scholastic philosopher.
• 1295 – Hillel ben Samuel, Italian Jewish physician, philosopher, and Talmudist.
• 1296 – Sant Dnyaneshwar, Indian saint, poet, philosopher, and yogi.
• 1298 – Peter John Olivi, French Franciscan theologian and philosopher.

See also

• List of centuries in philosophy
• Medieval philosophy
• Islamic Golden Age

References

• Sir Anthony Kenny. An Illustrated Brief History of Western Philosophy. Second Edition. Blackwell Publishing. 2006. Chapter 8. Page 144 et seq.

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