1285

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Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1285 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 1285
MCCLXXXV
Ab urbe condita 2038
Armenian calendar 734
ԹՎ ՉԼԴ
Assyrian calendar 6035
Balinese saka calendar 1206–1207
Bengali calendar 692
Berber calendar 2235
English Regnal year 13  Edw. 1   14  Edw. 1
Buddhist calendar 1829
Burmese calendar 647
Byzantine calendar 6793–6794
Chinese calendar 甲申年 (Wood  Monkey)
3982 or 3775
     to 
乙酉年 (Wood  Rooster)
3983 or 3776
Coptic calendar 1001–1002
Discordian calendar 2451
Ethiopian calendar 1277–1278
Hebrew calendar 5045–5046
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1341–1342
 - Shaka Samvat 1206–1207
 - Kali Yuga 4385–4386
Holocene calendar 11285
Igbo calendar 285–286
Iranian calendar 663–664
Islamic calendar 683–684
Japanese calendar Kōan 8
(弘安8年)
Javanese calendar 1195–1196
Julian calendar 1285
MCCLXXXV
Korean calendar 3618
Minguo calendar 627 before ROC
民前627年
Nanakshahi calendar −183
Thai solar calendar 1827–1828
Tibetan calendar 阳木猴年
(male Wood-Monkey)
1411 or 1030 or 258
     to 
阴木鸡年
(female Wood-Rooster)
1412 or 1031 or 259
Peter III overlooking the Panissar Pass Pedro III el Grande en el collado de las Panizas.jpg
Peter III overlooking the Panissar Pass

Year 1285 ( MCCLXXXV ) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

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By place

Europe

England

Levant

  • April 17 Mamluk forces under Sultan Qalawun (the Victorious) appear with specially built war engines before the Crusader fortress of Margat and begin a siege. For a month, the Mamluks can make no progress and the assaults on the stronghold are repelled. Qalawun then invites a delegation of Knights Hospitaller to come and see the damage his engineers have done to the 'impregnable' fortifications. They understood they have no real choice and are forced to surrender on May 25. The Hospitallers are allowed to retire with all their possessions, on horseback and fully armed. The rest of the garrison is promised a safe-conduct to Tortosa – while Qalawun establishes a Mamluk garrison which he uses as a basis for further campaigns against the Crusader States. [6]

Asia

By topic

Art and Culture

Markets

  • The first record is made of an emission of life annuities, by the city of Lübeck. It is the first instance of issue of public debt in Germany, and it confirms a trend of consolidation of local public debt over north-western Europe (see 1228). [8]
  • The County of Champagne is integrated into the kingdom of France; the region loses its haven characteristics for foreign merchants, and the Fairs of Troyes quickly dwindle into economic insignificance. [9]

Religion

Births

Deaths

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1282</span> Calendar year

Year 1282 (MCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1284</span> Calendar year

Year 1284 (MCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1277</span> Calendar year

Year 1277 (MCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

The 1270s is the decade starting January 1, 1270, and ending December 31, 1279.

The 1280s is the decade starting January 1, 1280 and ending December 31, 1289.

The 1290s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1290, and ended on December 31, 1299.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1309</span> Calendar year

Year 1309 (MCCCIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1292</span> Calendar year

Year 1292 (MCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1291</span> Calendar year

Year 1291 (MCCXCI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1276</span> Calendar year

Year 1276 (MCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1272</span> Calendar year

Year 1272 (MCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1286</span> Calendar year

Year 1286 (MCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1269</span> Calendar year

Year 1269 (MCCLXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1279</span> Calendar year

Year 1279 A.D (MCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1283</span> Calendar year

Year 1283 (MCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1287</span> Calendar year

Year 1287 (MCCLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Abd al-Haqq was a Marinid ruler of Morocco. He was the fourth son of Marinid founder Abd al-Haqq, and succeeded his brother Abu Yahya in 1258. He died in 1286. He was the son of Abd al-Haqq I and Oum el-Iman bint Ali el-Bethary, a Zenata woman. Some sources add her mother to be known as Oum el Youm and a daughter of a Zenata clan leader of the Tafersit region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nuño González de Lara (died 1275)</span> Castilian nobleman

Nuño González I de Lara, nicknamed el Bueno, was a Castilian nobleman, royal counsellor and military leader. He was the head of the House of Lara and a close personal friend of Alfonso X. The king's policies often stymied his efforts to increase the power and wealth of his house, and in 1272 he led many prominent noblemen into open rebellion. Restored to favour the next year, he died defending the castle of Écija from a Moroccan invasion.

Chronology of the <i>Reconquista</i>

This chronology presents the timeline of the Reconquista, a series of military and political actions taken following the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula that began in 711. These Crusades began a decade later with dated to the Battle of Covadonga and it ended Its culmination came in 1492 with the Fall of Granada to Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon. The evolution of the various Iberian kingdoms to the unified kingdoms of Spain and Portugal was key to the conquest of al-Andalus from the Moors.

References

  1. Hallam, Elizabeth M. (1980). Capetian France: 987–1328, p. 356. Longman. ISBN   978-0-582-40428-1.
  2. Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2011). The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait, p. 90. ISBN   978-0-8122-2302-6.
  3. Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2011). The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait, pp. 90–91. ISBN   978-0-8122-2302-6.
  4. Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2011). The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait, p. 91. ISBN   978-0-8122-2302-6.
  5. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 150. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN   0-304-35730-8.
  6. Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, pp. 330–31. ISBN   978-0-241-29877-0.
  7. Stone, Zofia (2017). Genghis Khan: A Biography, p. 76. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. ISBN   978-93-86367-11-2.
  8. Zuijderduijn, Jaco (2009). Medieval Capital Markets. Markets for renten, state formation and private investment in Holland (1300-1550). Leiden/Boston: Brill. ISBN   978-90-04-17565-5.
  9. Abu-Lughod, Janet L. (1991). Before European Hegemony: The World System A.D. 1250-1350 . Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN   0-19-506774-6.
  10. Kaufhold, Hubert (2000). "Notizen zur Späten Geschichte des Barsaumo-Klosters". Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies. 3 (2): 227. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
  11. "Ferdinand IV | king of Castile and Leon". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved July 18, 2020.