18th century in philosophy

This is a timeline of the 18th century in philosophy .

Events

• The Age of Enlightenment
• 1700 - Gokulanatha Upadhyaya was made court pandit to Maharaja Madhave Sinha of Mithila.
• 1743 - The American Philosophical Society (APS) was founded.

Publications

• 1700 - Historia religionis veterum Persarum, Thomas Hyde.
• 1700 - De Origine Juris Romani, Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina.
• 1702 - The Lives of the Ancient Philosophers. ^[1]
• 1704 - Moderation Truly Stated, Mary Astell . ^[2]
• 1725 - The New Science , Giambattista Vico.
• 1739-40 - A Treatise of Human Nature, David Hume. ^[3]
• 1748 - An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, David Hume.
• 1748 - The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu.
• 1748 - Man a Machine , Julien Offray de La Mettrie.
• 1751 - An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, David Hume.
• 1756 - A Vindication of Natural Society , Edmund Burke.
• 1759 - The Theory of Moral Sentiments , Adam Smith.
• 1759 - Candide, ou l'Optimisme , Voltaire.
• 1763 - The Only Possible Argument in Support of a Demonstration of the Existence of God, Immanuel Kant.
• 1774 - On American Taxation , Edmund Burke.
• 1776 - The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith.
• 1776 - Common Sense, Thomas Paine.
• 1780 - An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation , Jeremy Bentham.
• 1781 - Critique of Pure Reason , Immanuel Kant.
• 1785 - Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel Kant.
• 1785 - The Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy, William Paley.
• 1786 - Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science , Immanuel Kant.
• 1788 - Critique of Practical Reason , Immanuel Kant.
• 1790 - Reflections on the Revolution in France , Edmund Burke.
• 1794 - View of the Evidences of Christianity, William Paley.
• 1797 - Metaphysics of Morals , Immanuel Kant.
• 1798 - Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View , Immanuel Kant.
• 1798 - An Essay on the Principle of Population, Thomas Robert Malthus.

Births

• 1700 - Johann Christoph Gottsched (d.1766), German philosopher and critic.
• 1703 - Jonathan Edwards (d.1758), Anglican revivalist preacher and philosopher. ^[4]
• 1709 - Julien Offray de La Mettrie (d.1751), French materialist philosopher and physician.
• 1711 - David Hume (d.1776), Scottish philosopher, economist and historian.
• 1723 - Adam Smith (d.1790), Scottish economist and philosopher.
• 1724 - Immanuel Kant (d.1804), German philosopher and anthropologist.
• 1725 - Giacomo Casanova (d.1798), Venetian playwright and philosopher.
• 1729 - Edmund Burke (d.1797), Anglo-Irish philosopher and politician.
• 1737 - Thomas Paine (d.1809), American founding father and political philosopher.
• 1743 - Thomas Paley (d.1805), English Anglican clergyman, Christian apologist, philosopher, and utilitarian.
• 1743 - Thomas Jefferson (d.1826), American founding father and political philosopher.
• 1748 - Adam Weishaupt (d.1830), German philosopher and founder of the Bavarian Illuminati.
• 1748 - Jeremy Bentham (d.1832), English philosopher and social reformer regarded the founder of utilitarianism.
• 1748 - Dietrich Tiedemann (d.1803), German philosopher and historian.
• 1748 - Adamantios Korais (d.1833), Greek liberal scholar and philosopher.
• 1748 - Olympe de Gouges (d.1793), French philosopher and political activist.
• 1766 - Thomas Robert Malthus (d.1834), English economist and political theorist.
• 1776 - Sophie Germain (d.1831), French physician, mathematician and philosopher.
• 1781 - Adelbert von Chamisso (d.1838), German poet, writer and botanist.
• 1781 - Karl Christian Friedrich Krause (d.1832), German philosopher whose doctrines became known as Krausism.
• 1781 - Bernard Bolzano (d.1848), Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest.

Deaths

• 1703 - Thomas Hyde (b.1638), English orientalist, linguist and classicist.
• 1704, John Locke (b.1632), English physician and philosopher known as the "father of liberalism". ^[5]
• 1718 - Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina (b.1664), Italian scholar and jurist.
• 1748 - Jean-Jacques Burlamaqui (b.1694), Genevan legal and political theorist.
• 1751 - Julien Offray de La Mettrie (b.1709), French materialist philosopher and physician.

• 1755 - Montesquieu (b.1689), French historian and political philosopher.
• 1758 - Jonathan Edwards (b.1703), Anglican revivalist preacher and philosopher. ^[4]
• 1766 - Johann Christoph Gottsched (b.1700), German philosopher and critic.
• 1776 - David Hume (b.1711), Scottish philosopher, economist and historian.
• 1778 - Voltaire (b.1694).
• 1790 - Adam Smith (b.1723), Scottish economist and philosopher.
• 1793 - Olympe de Gouges (b.1748), French philosopher and political activist.
• 1797 - Edmund Burke (b.1729), Anglo-Irish philosopher and politician.
• 1798 - Giacomo Casanova (b.1725), Venetian playwright and philosopher.

See also

• List of centuries in philosophy

Further reading

• Aaron Garrett. The Routledge Companion to Eighteenth Century Philosophy. Routledge. London and New York. 2014. Google Books
• Knud Haakonssen (ed). The Cambridge History of Eighteenth-Century Philosophy. Cambridge University Press. 2006. Volume 1.
• Lewis White Beck (ed). Eighteenth-Century Philosophy. (Readings in the History of Philosophy). The Free Press. 1966.
• Jing-Xing Huang and C S Huang. Philosophy, Philology, and Politics in Eighteenth-Century China. Cambridge University Press. 1995. First paperback edition. 2002. Google Books.

References

1. For a scan of this book, see Google Books. For commentary, see Constance W T Blackwell (general editor, English Edition), Giovanni Santinello (ed), Models of the History of Philosophy, Springer Science+Business Media, 1993, pp 169 & 198.
2. Jacqueline Broad. The Philosophy of Mary Astell: An Early Modern Theory of Virtue. Oxford University Press. 2015. Chapter 8. Page 149. For a scan of "Moderation Truly Stated", see Google Books.
3. Penguin Random House
4. Friedrich Ueberweg. History of Philosophy: From Thales to the Present Time. Scribner, Armstrong & Co. New York. 1876. Volume 2. Page 443.
5. John Locke (1632–1704): Political Theorist, Philosopher, Physician, Polymath. Durham University Library. 1990. Google Books