Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family,Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits,including crops such as oranges,lemons,grapefruits,pomelos,and limes. The genus Citrus is native to South Asia,East Asia,Southeast Asia,Melanesia,and Australia. Various citrus species have been used and domesticated by indigenous cultures in these areas since ancient times. From there its cultivation spread into Micronesia and Polynesia by the Austronesian expansion;and to the Middle East and the Mediterranean via the incense trade route,and onwards to Europe and the Americas.
Etrog is the yellow citron or Citrus medica used by Jews during the week-long holiday of Sukkot as one of the four species. Together with the lulav,hadass,and aravah,the etrog is taken in hand and held or waved during specific portions of the holiday prayers. Special care is often given to selecting an etrog for the performance of the Sukkot holiday rituals.
A lime is a citrus fruit,which is typically round,green in color,3–6 centimetres (1.2–2.4 in) in diameter,and contains acidic juice vesicles.
The citron,historically cedrate,is a large fragrant citrus fruit with a thick rind. It is said to resemble a 'huge,rough lemon'. It is one of the original citrus fruits from which all other citrus types developed through natural hybrid speciation or artificial hybridization. Though citron cultivars take on a wide variety of physical forms,they are all closely related genetically. It is used in Asian and Mediterranean cuisine,traditional medicines,perfume,and religious rituals and offerings. Hybrids of citrons with other citrus are commercially more prominent,notably lemons and many limes.
Yuzu is a citrus fruit and plant in the family Rutaceae of East Asian origin. Yuzu has been cultivated mainly in East Asia,though recently also in New Zealand,Australia,Spain,Italy,and France.
Citrus ×meyeri,the Meyer lemon,is a hybrid citrus fruit native to China. It is not a lemon,but is instead a cross between a citron and a mandarin/pomelo hybrid.
Rangpur,Citrus ×limonia or Citrus reticulata ×medica,sometimes called the rangpur lime,mandarin lime or lemandarin,is a hybrid between the mandarin orange and the citron. It is a citrus fruit with a very acidic taste and an orange peel and flesh.
The ponderosa lemon is a citrus hybrid of a pomelo and a citron. It is not the same as the 'Yuma Ponderosa' lemon-pomelo hybrid used as citrus rootstock.
Citrus australis,the Dooja,round lime,Australian lime or Australian round lime,is a large shrub or small tree producing an edible fruit. It grows in forest margins in the Beenleigh area and northwards,in Queensland,Australia.
The Greek citron variety of Citrus medica was botanically classified by Adolf Engler as the "variety etrog". This refers to its major use for the Jewish ritual etrog during Sukkot.
The Diamante citron is a variety of citron named after the town of Diamante,located in the province of Cosenza,Calabria,on the south-western coast of Italy,which is its most known cultivation point. This is why this variety is sometimes called the "Calabria Esrog". "Esrog" is the Ashkenazi Hebrew name for citron.
The balady citron is a variety of citron,or etrog,grown in Israel and Palestine,mostly for Jewish ritual purposes. Not native to the region,it was imported around 500 or 300 BCE by either Jewish or Greek settlers. Initially not widely grown,it was promoted and popularized in the 1870s by Rabbi Chaim Elozor Wax.
Succade is the candied peel of any of the citrus species,especially from the citron or Citrus medica which is distinct with its extra-thick peel;in addition,the taste of the inner rind of the citron is less bitter than those of the other citrus. However,the term is also occasionally applied to the peel,root,or even entire fruit or vegetable like parsley,fennel and cucurbita which have a bitter taste and are boiled with sugar to get a special "sweet and sour" outcome.
The Yemenite citron is a variety of citron,usually containing no juice vesicles in its fruit's segments. The bearing tree and the mature fruit's size are somewhat larger than the trees and fruit of other varieties of citron.
The Moroccan citron is a true citron variety native to Assads,Morocco,which is still today its main center of cultivation.
The Corsican citron is a citron variety that contains a non-acidic pulp.
The micrantha is a wild citrus from the papeda group,native to southern Philippines,particularly islands of Cebu and Bohol. Two varieties are recognized:small-flowered papeda,locally known as biasong,and small-fruited papeda or samuyao.
The lumia is also called the pear lemon,since its shape resembles a pear. It is also called French lime and sometimes sweet lemon,even though it is not necessarily sweet.
Citrus taxonomy refers to the botanical classification of the species,varieties,cultivars,and graft hybrids within the genus Citrus and related genera,found in cultivation and in the wild.
Pompia,also called pumpia,sa pompia,spompia,and China citron,is a Citrus hybrid cultivated for its edible fruit. It is a taxonomical synonym of Citrus medica.
