Clark County, Idaho

Clark County
County
Aquilegia at Nez Perce National Historic Trail.
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Idaho
Idaho's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 44°17′N112°23′W / 44.28°N 112.38°W / 44.28; -112.38
Country	United States
State	Idaho
Founded	February 1, 1919
Named for	Sam K. Clark (1857-1933), state senator & pioneer
Seat	Dubois
Largest city	Dubois
Area
• Total	1,765 sq mi (4,570 km2)
• Land	1,764 sq mi (4,570 km2)
• Water	1.0 sq mi (3 km2)  0.1%
Population  (2020)
• Total	790
• Estimate  (2022)	806
• Density	0.56/sq mi (0.22/km2)
Time zone	UTC−7 (Mountain)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−6 (MDT)
Congressional district	2nd
Website	www.clark-co.id.gov

Clark County is a rural county in the U.S. state of Idaho; its county seat and largest city is Dubois. ^{[1] [2]} As of the 2020 census, the population was 790, ^[3] making it the least populous county in the state.

History

Establishment of stage coach stops along the route between Salt Lake City and the Montana mining towns were established at Beaver Canyon (named after Beaver Creek (Camas Creek) ) and Dry Creek (now Dubois) in 1864. Originally part of Alturas County, both locations were transferred to Oneida County in 1877. They became part of Bingham County at its creation in 1885. Clark County was also the site of the Battle of Camas Creek during the Nez Perce War which occurred at Camas Meadows near Kilgore on August 20, 1872. The Utah and Northern Railway reached Beaver Canyon in 1879. By the 1890 Census, Beaver Canyon had a population of 216. ^[4] The settlement relocated to Spencer in 1897. ^{[5] [6]}

The majority of Clark County was transferred to Fremont County when it was created in 1893 with the remaining territory being transferred in 1896. ^[7] By the 1900 Census, 1,199 residents lived in the five precincts of Birch Creek, Dubois, Kilgore, Medicine Lodge, and Spencer. ^[8] At the 1910 census, the precincts contained 1,095 residents. ^[9]

Dry Creek was renamed Dubois in 1892 and incorporated prior to 1920 while Spencer was incorporated in 1947. ^[10]

The county was established 105 years ago in 1919, partitioned from Fremont County by the state legislature; the county division bill was signed by Governor D. W. Davis on February 1. ^{[11] [12]} It was named for state senator Sam K. Clark, an early pioneer on Medicine Lodge Creek in the upper Snake River valley. ^{[11] [13] [14]}

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,765 square miles (4,570 km²), of which 1,764 square miles (4,570 km²) is land and 1.0 square mile (2.6 km²) (0.1%) is water. ^[15]

The northern border of the county is the Bitterroot Range of the Rocky Mountains, which forms the state line with Montana and is also the continental divide. It is crossed by Interstate 15 over Monida Pass at 6,820 feet (2,080 m) above sea level. Monida Pass also marks an east–west divide between Bitterroot subranges: the Beaverhead Mountains are to the west and the Centennial Mountains are to the east.

Adjacent counties

• Lemhi County – west
• Butte County – southwest
• Jefferson County – south
• Fremont County – east
• Beaverhead County, Montana – north

Major highways

• Interstate 15 – Monida Pass
• SH-22

National protected areas

• Caribou-Targhee National Forest (part)
• Nez Perce National Historical Park (part)
• Salmon-Challis National Forest (part)

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1920	1,886		—
1930	1,122		−40.5%
1940	1,005		−10.4%
1950	918		−8.7%
1960	915		−0.3%
1970	741		−19.0%
1980	798		7.7%
1990	762		−4.5%
2000	1,022		34.1%
2010	982		−3.9%
2020	790		−19.6%
2023 (est.)	801	[16]	1.4%
U.S. Decennial Census [17] 1790–1960 [18] 1900–1990 [19] 1990–2000 [20] 2010–2020 [3]

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 982 people, 345 households, and 243 families living in the county. ^[21] The population density was 0.6 inhabitants per square mile (0.23/km²). There were 531 housing units at an average density of 0.3 per square mile (0.12/km²). ^[22] The racial makeup of the county was 72.4% white, 1.0% American Indian, 0.7% black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 23.8% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 40.5% of the population. ^[21] In terms of ancestry, 14.8% were English, 7.4% were German, and 6.5% were American. ^[23]

Of the 345 households, 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.4% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.6% were non-families, and 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.41. The median age was 32.7 years. ^[21]

The median income for a household in the county was $40,909 and the median income for a family was $37,656. Males had a median income of $32,895 versus $24,125 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,737. About 8.7% of families and 11.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.5% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over. ^[24]

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 1,022 people, 340 households, and 257 families living in the county. The population density was 1 person per square mile (0.39 person/km²). There were 521 housing units at an average density of 0 per square mile (0/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 74.17% White, 0.10% Black or African American, 0.98% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 23.48% from other races, and 0.98% from two or more races. 34.25% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 14.3% were of English, 8.1% German and 5.8% Irish ancestry.

There were 340 households, out of which 45.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.80% were married couples living together, 7.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.40% were non-families. 20.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.01 and the average family size was 3.52.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 35.20% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 27.50% from 25 to 44, 20.10% from 45 to 64, and 9.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 110.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,576, and the median income for a family was $31,534. Males had a median income of $23,854 versus $20,192 for females. The per capita income for the county was $11,141. About 18.70% of families and 19.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.10% of those under age 18 and 11.70% of those age 65 or over.

Education

The sole school district in the county is Clark County School District #161, ^[25] headquartered in Dubois. Clark County High School competes in athletics in the Rocky Mountain Conference in IHSAA 1A Division II; the school colors are orange and black and its mascot is a bobcat.

College of Eastern Idaho includes this county in its catchment zone; however this county is not in its taxation zone. ^[26]

Communities

Incorporated communities

• Dubois (county seat)
• Spencer

Unincorporated communities

• Humphrey
• Kilgore

Politics

Presidential elections

Clark County has participated in every presidential election since the election of 1920. The county has voted for every Republican candidate except in 1932 when it voted for the Democratic candidate Franklin D. Roosevelt giving him 54 percent of the vote. It was the solitary county in Idaho, and one of only three counties west of the Continental Divide alongside Rio Blanco County in Colorado and Kane County in Utah, to give at least a plurality to Alf Landon in his 1936 landslide defeat.

United States presidential election results for Clark County, Idaho ^[27]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	264	84.89%	41	13.18%	6	1.93%
2016	203	71.73%	44	15.55%	36	12.72%
2012	235	71.65%	66	20.12%	27	8.23%
2008	305	81.33%	64	17.07%	6	1.60%
2004	302	85.55%	46	13.03%	5	1.42%
2000	311	81.41%	63	16.49%	8	2.09%
1996	266	61.29%	117	26.96%	51	11.75%
1992	195	46.10%	95	22.46%	133	31.44%
1988	281	66.75%	133	31.59%	7	1.66%
1984	353	85.06%	59	14.22%	3	0.72%
1980	379	78.47%	87	18.01%	17	3.52%
1976	334	64.48%	169	32.63%	15	2.90%
1972	339	74.34%	64	14.04%	53	11.62%
1968	271	66.58%	87	21.38%	49	12.04%
1964	262	58.48%	186	41.52%	0	0.00%
1960	283	61.66%	176	38.34%	0	0.00%
1956	318	67.80%	151	32.20%	0	0.00%
1952	382	75.20%	126	24.80%	0	0.00%
1948	262	60.65%	165	38.19%	5	1.16%
1944	317	63.53%	180	36.07%	2	0.40%
1940	399	65.30%	212	34.70%	0	0.00%
1936	304	52.41%	272	46.90%	4	0.69%
1932	276	45.85%	325	53.99%	1	0.17%
1928	388	74.90%	129	24.90%	1	0.19%
1924	496	69.47%	43	6.02%	175	24.51%
1920	594	76.25%	184	23.62%	1	0.13%

Voter registration

Clark County Registered Voters by Political Party (as of September 3, 2019) ^[28]

Political Party	Constitution	Democratic	Libertarian	Republican	Unaffiliated	Total Registered Voters
Number of Registered Voters	2	15	2	312	54	385

Government

Federal

The county is represented in the United States House of Representatives by Republican Mike Simpson of the 2nd Congressional District. It is represented in the United States Senate by Republicans Mike Crapo and James Risch.

State

The county is in the 35th Legislative district. It is represented by Republican Senator Van Burtenshaw and Republican representatives Karey Hanks and Rod Furniss.

County

The county has 3 County Commissioners Nick Hillman, Greg Shenton, and Macoy Ward. The county also has other County officials like Sheriff, County Clerk, Attorney, Coroner, Treasurer, and Assessor.

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Clark County, Idaho

References

1. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
2. Lee, Sandra L. (February 25, 1990). "Harsh land is home to a hardy breed". Lewiston Morning Tribune. (Idaho). p. 1-centennial.
3. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 15, 2024.
4. Report on Population of the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890 (PDF). Washington: Government Printing Office. 1895. p. 99. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 24, 2005. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
5. "Point of Interest Road Signs: Beaver Canyon". pointofinterestroadsigns.com. Archived from the original on July 6, 2013. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
6. "Dubois". pointsofinterest.com. Archived from the original on June 19, 2018. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
7. Idaho Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. Chicago: The Newberry Library. 2010. pp. 12, 14, 27, 87–88. Archived from the original on June 19, 2018. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
8. Census Reports Volume I: Twelfth Census of the United States Taken in the Year 1900 (PDF). Washington: United States Census Office. 1901. p. 112. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 14, 2015. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
9. Thirteenth Census of the United States Taken in the Year 1910 (PDF). Washington: Government Printing Office. 1913. pp. 415–416. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 3, 2006. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
10. A Report of the Seventeenth Decennial Census of the United States Census of Population: 1950 (PDF). United States Government Printing Office. 1952. pp. 12–15. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 14, 2006. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
11. "Clark County now a reality". Lewiston Morning Tribune. (Idaho). February 2, 1919. p. 2.
12. "Clark County created in Idaho". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). February 2, 1919. p. 3.
13. Pettite, William Stibal (April 26, 1962). "Tiny Clark County long on history". Lewiston Morning Tribune. (Idaho). p. 2, section 2.
14. Idaho.gov – Clark County Archived April 29, 2009, at the Wayback Machine – accessed May 28, 2009
15. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
16. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 31, 2024.
17. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
18. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Archived from the original on August 11, 2012. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
19. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
20. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
21. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
22. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
23. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
24. "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 9, 2016.
25. "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Clark County, ID" (PDF). United States Census Bureau . Retrieved March 12, 2024. - Text list
26. "Community Colleges" (PDF). Budget Hearing. Idaho Legislature. 2020. p. 1-73 (PDF p. 8/14). Retrieved March 12, 2024.
27. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
28. "Voter Registration Totals as of September 3, 2019". sos.idaho.gov. Retrieved September 17, 2019.

External links

• Official website
• State of Idaho official site – Clark County
• Clark County School District #161
• Clark County Historical Photographs at the Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University

44°12′N112°12′W / 44.2°N 112.2°W / 44.2; -112.2