Cultural intelligence

Last updated February 13, 2025

Cultural intelligence or cultural quotient (CQ), refers to an individual's capability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings. The concept was introduced by London Business School professor P. Christopher Earley and Nanyang Business School professor Soon Ang in 2003.^[1]^[2]

While cultural intelligence is comparable to emotional intelligence (EQ), individuals with a high EQ can grasp "what makes us human and, at the same time, what makes each of us different from one another." In contrast, individuals with a high CQ can discern universal, individual, and non-idiosyncratic features within the behavior of a person or group.^[3] The authors cited cognitive, behavioral, motivational, and metacognitive (higher-level reflection) aspects of cultural intelligence.^[4]

Four CQ capabilities

The authors described four CQ capabilities: motivation (CQ Drive), cognition (CQ Knowledge), meta-cognition (CQ Strategy), and behavior (CQ Action). CQ Assessments report scores on all four capabilities as well as several sub-dimensions for each capability.^[5] Among the four capabilities, motivational CQ, or the interest and enjoyment in cross-cultural interactions, has been identified as a key resource or determinant that enhances personal functioning in cross-cultural environments, leading to improved intercultural adjustment and performance.^[6]

References

↑ Earley, P. Christopher (2003). Cultural intelligence: individual interactions across cultures. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4300-6. OCLC 51553576.
↑ Earley, P. Christopher (2002). "Redefining interactions across cultures and organizations: moving forward with cultural intelligence". In B. M. Staw (ed.). Research in Organizational Behavior. Vol. 24. R. M. Kramer. Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 271–99.
↑ Earley, P. Christopher; Mosakowski, Elaine (1 October 2004). "Cultural Intelligence". Harvard Business Review. ISSN 0017-8012 . Retrieved 29 October 2023.
↑ Earley, P. Christopher (2002). "Redefining interactions across cultures and organizations: moving forward with cultural intelligence". In B. M. Staw (ed.). Research in Organizational Behavior. Vol. 24. R. M. Kramer. Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 271–99.
↑ Livermore, David (2009). Leading with Cultural Intelligence. New York: AMACOM. ISBN 978-0814449172.
↑ Puzzo, Gabriele; Sbaa, Maha Yomn; Zappalà, Salvatore; Pietrantoni, Luca (1 February 2024). "The impact of cultural intelligence on burnout among practitioners working with migrants: an examination of age, gender, training, and language proficiency". Current Psychology. 43 (5): 4443–4457. doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04641-x. hdl: 11585/925128 . ISSN 1936-4733.

Earley, P. Christopher; Ang, S. (2003). Cultural intelligence: individual interactions across cultures. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4300-6. OCLC 51553576.
- Bhagat, Rabi S. (2006). "Review of Earley and Ang, Cultural Intelligence, and Hooker, Working Across Cultures". Academy of Management Review . 31 (2): 489–93. doi:10.5465/amr.2006.20208695. JSTOR 20159217.
Ang, S. and Van Dyne L (eds). (2008) "The Handbook of Cultural Intelligence." New York: ME Sharpe ISBN 9780765622624
Livermore, David A. (2011). "The Cultural Intelligence Difference." New York: AMACOM ISBN 978-0814417065
Middleton, Julia (2014). "Cultural Intelligence: CQ: The Competitive Edge for Leaders Crossing Borders." London: A&C Black Business Information and Development ISBN 978-1472904812

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] Earley, P. Christopher (2003). Cultural intelligence: individual interactions across cultures. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4300-6. OCLC 51553576.

[2] Earley, P. Christopher (2002). "Redefining interactions across cultures and organizations: moving forward with cultural intelligence". In B. M. Staw (ed.). Research in Organizational Behavior. Vol. 24. R. M. Kramer. Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 271–99.

[3] Earley, P. Christopher; Mosakowski, Elaine (1 October 2004). "Cultural Intelligence". Harvard Business Review. ISSN 0017-8012 . Retrieved 29 October 2023.

[4] Earley, P. Christopher (2002). "Redefining interactions across cultures and organizations: moving forward with cultural intelligence". In B. M. Staw (ed.). Research in Organizational Behavior. Vol. 24. R. M. Kramer. Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 271–99.

[5] Livermore, David (2009). Leading with Cultural Intelligence. New York: AMACOM. ISBN 978-0814449172.

[6] Puzzo, Gabriele; Sbaa, Maha Yomn; Zappalà, Salvatore; Pietrantoni, Luca (1 February 2024). "The impact of cultural intelligence on burnout among practitioners working with migrants: an examination of age, gender, training, and language proficiency". Current Psychology. 43 (5): 4443–4457. doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04641-x. hdl: 11585/925128 . ISSN 1936-4733.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

v t e Culture
Outline
Sciences	Cultural anthropology Cultural astronomy Cultural ecology Cultural geography Cultural neuroscience Cultural studies Culturology Culture theory
Subfields	Bioculture Cross-cultural studies Cross-cultural communication Cross-cultural leadership Cross-cultural psychiatry Cross-cultural psychology Cultural analytics Cultural economics Cultural entomology Cultural history Cultural mapping Cultural mediation Cultural psychology Cultural values Culturomics Intercultural learning Intercultural relations Internet culture Philosophy of culture Popular culture studies Postcritique Semiotics of culture Sociology of culture Sound culture Theology of culture Transcultural nursing
Types	Constructed culture Counterculture Dominant culture Folk culture High culture Individualistic culture Legal culture Low culture Microculture Official culture Political culture Civic Popular culture Urban Primitive culture Resistance through culture Subculture Alternative culture Fandom Far-right subcultures Youth subculture list Super culture Underground culture Vernacular culture Culture by location
Aspects	Acculturation Cultural appreciation Cultural appropriation Cultural area Cultural artifact Cultural baggage Cultural behavior Cultural bias Cultural capital Cross-cultural Cultural communication Cultural conflict Cultural cringe Cultural dissonance Cultural emphasis Cultural framework Cultural heritage Destroyed Cultural icon Cultural identity Cultural industry Cultural invention Cultural landscape Cultural learning Cultural leveling Cultural memory Cultural pluralism Cultural practice Cultural property Cultural reproduction Cultural system Cultural technology Cultural universal Cultureme Enculturation High- and low-context cultures Interculturality Manuscript culture Material culture Non-material culture Organizational culture Print culture Protoculture Relational mobility Safety culture Technoculture Trans-cultural diffusion Transculturation Visual culture
Politics	Colonial mentality Consumer capitalism Cross cultural sensitivity Cultural assimilation Cultural attaché Cultural backwardness Cultural Bolshevism Cultural conservatism Cultural contracts Cultural deprivation Cultural diplomacy Cultural environmentalism Cultural exception Cultural feminism Cultural genocide Cultural globalization Cultural hegemony Cultural imperialism Cultural intelligence Cultural liberalism Cultural nationalism Cultural pessimism Cultural policy Cultural racism Cultural radicalism Cultural retention Cultural Revolution Cultural rights Cultural safety Cultural silence Cultural subsidy Cultural Zionism Culture change Culture minister Culture of fear Culture war Deculturalization Dominator culture Interculturalism Monoculturalism Multiculturalism Biculturalism Multiracial democracy Pluriculturalism Polyculturalism Transculturism
Religions	Buddhism Christianity Catholicism Cultural Christians Protestantism Role of Christianity in civilization Eastern Orthodoxy Mormonism Cultural Hindus Islam Cultural Muslims Judaism Sikhism
Related	Animal culture Archaeological culture Bennett scale Cannabis culture Circuit of culture Civilization Coffee culture Cross-cultural Cultural center Cultural competence Cultural critic Cultural determinism Cultural diversity Cultural evolutionism Cultural homogenization Cultural institution Cultural jet lag Cultural lag Cultural literacy Cultural mosaic Cultural movement Cultural mulatto Cultural probe Cultural relativism Cultural tourism Pop-culture Cultural translation Cultural turn Cultural sensibility Culture and menstruation Culture and positive psychology Culture and social cognition Culture gap Culture hero Culture industry Culture shock Culturgen Children's culture Culturalism Cyberculture Death and culture Disability culture Deaf culture Drinking culture Drug culture Eastern culture Emotions and culture Intercultural communication Intercultural competence Languaculture Living things in culture Media culture Oppositional culture Participatory culture Permission culture Rape culture Remix culture Tea culture Transformation of culture Urban culture Welfare culture Western culture Youth culture
Category Commons WikiProject Changes

Cultural intelligence

Contents

Four CQ capabilities

See also

References

Further reading