List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 4

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List of the manuscripts from Qumran Cave 4
The Damascus Document Scroll.jpg
The Damascus Document Scroll, 4Q271Df, found in Cave 4.
MaterialParchment, Papyrus
Writing Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek
CreatedEst. 408 BCE to 318 CE
Discovered1952
Present location Qumran

The following is a list of the Dead Sea Scrolls from the cave 4 near Qumran.

Contents

Description

Qumran cave 4, where ninety percent of the scrolls were found. Qumran.jpeg
Qumran cave 4, where ninety percent of the scrolls were found.

Wadi Qumran Cave 4 was discovered in August 1952, and was excavated from 22–29 September 1952 by Gerald Lankester Harding, Roland de Vaux, and Józef Milik. [1] [2] Cave 4 is actually two hand-cut caves (4a and 4b), but since the fragments were mixed, they are labeled as 4Q. Cave 4 is the most famous of Qumran caves both because of its visibility from the Qumran plateau and its productivity. It is visible from the plateau to the south of the Qumran settlement. It is by far the most productive of all Qumran caves, producing ninety percent of the Dead Sea Scrolls and scroll fragments (approx. 15,000 fragments from 500 different texts), including 9–10 copies of Jubilees, along with 21 tefillin and 7 mezuzot, as well as fragments from a scroll containing Exodus and Genesis written in paleo-hebrew. [3] [4]

List of manuscripts

Some resources for more complete information on the scrolls are the book by Emanuel Tov, "Revised Lists of the Texts from the Judaean Desert" [5] for a complete list of all of the Dead Sea Scroll texts, as well as the online webpages for the Shrine of the Book [6] and the Leon Levy Collection, [7] both of which present photographs and images of the scrolls and fragments themselves for closer study. Information is not always comprehensive, as content for many scrolls has not yet been fully published.

4Q1–4Q100

4Q101–4Q200

4Q201–4Q300

4Q301–

See also

Notes

  1. In 2022, D. Longacre and B. Strawn demonstrated this small fragment to be part of the larger manuscript 4QPsc, as opposed to a separate manuscript of the Psalms.

References

  1. VanderKam, James C., The Dead Sea Scrolls Today, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1994. pp. 10–11.
  2. Milik (1957). "Dix ans de découverte dans le désert de Juda" | Discoveries in the Judaean Desert; Milik (1976). The Books of Enoch: Aramaic Fragments Qumran Cave 4 with the collaboration of Black M.
  3. "The Dead Sea Scrolls - 4Q paleoExodus". The Dead Sea Scrolls - 4Q paleoExodus. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
  4. "The Dead Sea Scrolls - 4Q paleoGenesis". The Dead Sea Scrolls - 4Q paleoGenesis. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
  5. Tov, Emanuel (2010). Revised Lists of the Texts from the Judaean Desert. Brill. ISBN   9789047443797.
  6. "Shrine Of The Book – The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls".
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Leon Levy Collection". Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library. Israel Antiquities Authority . Retrieved 2015-01-22.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 29.
  9. 4Q1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  10. 4Q2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  11. 4Q3 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  12. 4Q4 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  13. 4Q5 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  14. 4Q6 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  15. 4Q7 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 30.
  17. 4Q8 4QGen h1 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  18. 4Q8 4QGen h2 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  19. 4Q8 4QGen h-para at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  20. 4Q8 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  21. 4Q9 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  22. 4Q10 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  23. 4Q11 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  24. 4Q12 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  25. 4Q13 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  26. 1 2 4Q14 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  27. 4Q15 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  28. Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 246
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 31.
  30. 4Q17 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  31. 4Q18 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  32. 4Q19 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  33. 4Q20 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  34. 4Q21 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  35. 4Q22 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  36. 4Q23 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  37. Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 31–32.
  38. 4Q24 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 32.
  40. 4Q25 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  41. 4Q26 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  42. 4Q27 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  43. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 OakTree Software, Inc. Accordance 10: Bible Software. 2008.
  44. 4Q28 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  45. 4Q29 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  46. Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 32–33.
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 33.
  48. 1 2 3 4Q38 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library. Accessed 20 May 2013
  49. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 34.
  50. 4Q47 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  51. Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 34–35.
  52. 4Q48 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  53. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 35.
  54. 4Q49 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  55. 4Q50 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  56. 4Q51 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  57. 4Q52 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  58. 4Q53 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  59. 4Q54 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  60. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 36.
  61. 4Q55 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  62. 4Q56 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  63. 4Q57 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  64. 4Q58 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  65. 4Q59 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  66. 4Q60 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  67. 4Q61 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  68. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 37.
  69. 4Q62 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  70. 4Q63 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  71. 4Q64 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  72. 4Q65 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  73. 4Q66 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  74. 4Q67 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  75. 4Q68 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  76. 4Q69 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  77. 1 2 3 Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 270
  78. 1 2 3 4 5 Schiffman, Lawrence; VanderKam, James (2008). Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Oxford University Press. ISBN   9780195084504.
  79. 1 2 3 4 5 Flint, Peter (2013). The Dead Sea Scrolls. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press. p. 68. ISBN   9780687494491.
  80. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 38.
  81. 4Q73 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  82. 4Q74 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  83. Sanderson 1997. DJD 15: 215–218.
  84. 4Q75 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  85. 4Q76 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  86. 4Q77 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  87. 4Q78 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  88. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 39.
  89. 4Q79 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  90. 4Q80 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  91. 4Q81 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  92. 4Q82 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  93. 4Q83 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  94. 4Q84 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  95. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 41.
  96. 4Q85 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  97. Longacre, Drew, and Brent A. Strawn. "A New Identification of a Psalm Manuscript from Qumran: 4Q85 + 4Q98c", Dead Sea Discoveries, doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/15685179-bja10037
  98. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 40.
  99. 4Q86 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  100. 4Q87 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  101. 4Q88 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  102. 4Q89 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  103. 4Q90 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  104. 4Q91 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  105. 4Q92 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  106. 4Q93 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  107. 4Q94 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  108. 4Q95 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  109. 4Q96 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  110. 4Q97 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  111. 4Q98 4QPsr at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  112. 4Q99 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  113. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 42.
  114. 4Q100 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  115. 4Q101 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  116. 4Q102 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  117. 4Q103 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  118. 4Q104 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  119. 4Q105 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  120. 4Q106 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  121. 4Q107 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  122. 4Q108 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  123. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 43.
  124. 4Q109 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  125. 4Q110 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  126. 4Q111 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  127. 4Q112 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  128. 4Q113 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  129. 4Q114 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  130. 4Q115 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  131. 4Q116 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  132. 4Q117 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  133. 4Q118 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  134. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 44.
  135. 4Q119 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  136. 4Q120 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  137. 4Q121 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  138. 4Q122 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  139. 4Q123 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  140. Tov, Emanuel; et al. (The Greek Biblical Texts from the Judean Desert) (2008). "23". Hebrew Bible, Greek Bible and Qumran: Collected Essays. Texts and Studies in Ancient Judaism. Vol. 121. Mohr Siebeck. p. 346. ISBN   9783161495465.
  141. 4Q126 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  142. 4Q127 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  143. Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 44–45.
  144. 4Q128 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  145. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 45.
  146. 4Q129 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  147. 4Q130 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  148. 4Q131 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  149. 4Q132 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  150. 4Q133 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  151. 4Q134 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  152. 4Q135 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  153. 4Q136 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  154. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 46.
  155. 4Q138 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  156. 4Q139 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  157. 4Q140 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  158. 4Q141 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  159. 4Q142 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  160. 4Q143 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  161. 4Q144 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  162. 4Q145 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  163. 4Q146 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  164. 4Q147 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  165. 4Q148 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  166. Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 46–47.
  167. 4Q149 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  168. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 47.
  169. 4Q150 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  170. 4Q151 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  171. 4Q152 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  172. 4Q153 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  173. 4Q154 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  174. 4Q155 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  175. 1 2 Wise, Michael O.; Abegg, Martin G.; Cook, Edward M. (2005). The Dead Sea Scrolls: A New Translation . New York: HarperCollins Publishers. p.  577. ISBN   9780060766627.
  176. 4Q156 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  177. Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 47–48.
  178. 4Q157 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  179. 1 2 3 4 5 Martinez and Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition (Brill 1997): page 305ff
  180. 4Q158 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  181. 1 2 3 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 48.
  182. 4Q159 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  183. 4Q160 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  184. 4Q161 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  185. 4Q162 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  186. 1 2 "The Qumran Library: Scrolls". Library of Congress .
  187. 1 2 3 4 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 49.
  188. 4Q166 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  189. 4Q167 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  190. 4Q168 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  191. 4Q169 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  192. 1 2 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 50.
  193. 4Q174 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  194. 4Q175 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  195. 4Q179 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  196. 4Q186 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  197. 4Q196 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  198. 4Q197 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  199. 4Q198 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  200. 4Q199 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  201. 4Q200 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  202. 4Q201 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  203. Fitzmyer 2008, pp. 54–55.
  204. Fitzmyer 2008, p. 55.
  205. 4Q215 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  206. Gault, Brian P. (2010) "Fragments of Canticles at Qumran". Revue de Qumran. p.352
  207. 4Q246 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  208. 1 2 3 4 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 62.
  209. 4Q252 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  210. 4Q253 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  211. 4Q254 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  212. 4Q254a-820 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  213. 4Q258 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  214. 4Q285 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  215. 4Q299 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  216. 4Q300 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  217. 4Q301 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  218. Fitzmyer 2008, p. 74.
  219. 4Q364 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  220. 1 2 3 Fitzmyer 2008, p. 75.
  221. 4Q365 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  222. 4Q366 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  223. 4Q367 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  224. 4Q378 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  225. 4Q379 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  226. 4Q385 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  227. 4Q394 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  228. 4Q400 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  229. 4Q434 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  230. 4Q483 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  231. 4Q521 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  232. Buitenwerf, Rieuwerd, The Gog and Magog Tradition in Revelation 20:8, in, H. J. de Jonge, Johannes Tromp, eds., The book of Ezekiel and its influence, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2007, p.172; scheduled to be published in Charlesworth's edition, volume 9
  233. 4Q523 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  234. Fitzmyer 2008, p. 98.
  235. Collins, J. J., 44. Ecclesiasticus, or The Wisdom of Jesus Son of Sirach, in Barton, J. and Muddiman, J. (2001), The Oxford Bible Commentary, p. 684
  236. 4Q539 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  237. 4Q541 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  238. 4Q542 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  239. 4Q555 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
  240. "Uncovered in Jerusalem, 9 tiny unopened Dead Sea Scrolls". The Times of Israel.

Bibliography

Further reading