Row NYC Hotel

Last updated

Row NYC Hotel
Milford Plaza Hotel.jpg
The hotel in 2008 with the neon "M" on top, since removed
Row NYC Hotel
Former namesLincoln Hotel, Manhattan Hotel, Royal Manhattan Hotel, Milford Plaza Hotel
General information
Location700 8th Avenue
Manhattan, New York
United States
Coordinates 40°45′31″N73°59′18″W / 40.7587°N 73.9883°W / 40.7587; -73.9883
OpeningFebruary 1, 1928
Owner Rockpoint Group
ManagementHighgate Holdings
Technical details
Floor count27
Design and construction
DeveloperIrwin S. Chanin
Other information
Number of rooms1,331
Number of restaurants1
Website
www.rownyc.com OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

Row NYC Hotel is a hotel at 700 Eighth Avenue, between 44th and 45th Streets, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. The hotel is 27 stories tall with 1,331 rooms. Designed by Schwartz & Gross, with Herbert J. Krapp as consulting architect, it was developed by brothers Henry and Irwin Chanin and opened on February 1, 1928, as the Hotel Lincoln. The hotel largely retains its original brick-and-terracotta facade. The interior spaces, which originally included a lobby and various restaurants on the first three stories, have been redesigned substantially over the years.

Contents

The Chanin brothers had acquired the site in May 1925 and developed it along with the neighboring John Golden, Bernard B. Jacobs, and Majestic theaters. The Chanins resold the hotel in 1927 to Irving I. Lewine and the United Cigar Stores Company, but the brothers continued to lease the hotel until 1931, when United Cigars acquired their lease. Maria Kramer bought the hotel in 1938 before reselling it in 1956 to Webb and Knapp, operated by real estate developer William Zeckendorf, which extensively renovated the hotel and renamed it the Hotel Manhattan. British firm Grand Metropolitan Inc. bought the hotel in 1969, and it operated as the Royal Manhattan until it was closed in 1974. The Milstein family purchased the hotel in 1978, and it reopened in 1980 as the Milford Plaza Hotel. Rockpoint Group and hotel operator Highgate Holdings bought the hotel in 2011 and renamed it the Row NYC in 2014. Following an influx of asylum seekers to New York City, the hotel began housing asylum seekers in 2023.

Site

The Row NYC Hotel is on 700 Eighth Avenue, on the eastern sidewalk between 44th and 45th Streets, in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. [1] [2] The land lot is rectangular and covers 19,982 square feet (1,856.4 m2), with a frontage of approximately 200 feet (61 m) on Eighth Avenue and 100 feet (30 m) on either side street. [2] The Row NYC adjoins seven Broadway theaters clockwise from north: the John Golden, Bernard B. Jacobs, Gerald Schoenfeld, Booth, Shubert, Broadhurst, and Majestic. Other nearby structures include the Al Hirschfeld Theatre to the west, Music Box Theatre and Imperial Theatre to the northeast, and the Hayes Theater and the St. James Theatre to the southeast. [2]

The surrounding area is part of the largest concentration of Broadway theaters on a single block. [3] The adjacent block of 45th Street is also known as George Abbott Way, [4] and foot traffic on the street increases box-office totals for the theaters there. [5] The hotel is also approximately 100 yards (91 m) west of Shubert Alley, which separates the seven adjacent theaters from One Astor Plaza and the Minskoff Theatre. [6] The Majestic, Masque (Golden), and Royale (Jacobs) theaters and the Lincoln Hotel (Row NYC Hotel) had all been developed concurrently. [3] The site of all four buildings had previously been occupied by twenty brownstone residences. [7] The site was part of the Astor family estate from 1803 [8] to 1922, when it was sold to Henry Claman. [9] [10] The plots collectively measured 200 feet (61 m) wide along Eighth Avenue, 240 feet (73 m) along 44th Street, and 250 feet (76 m) along 45th Street. [10] [11]

Architecture

The Lincoln Hotel was designed by Schwartz & Gross, [12] [13] with Herbert J. Krapp as consulting architect. [9] [14] It was constructed by the Chanin Construction Company, headed by Irwin Chanin. [15] The hotel is 27 stories high, [16] although it was originally described as being 30 stories high. [17] Its facade was variously described as being designed in the Byzantine [18] or Italianate style. [17] The ground floor is clad in rusticated blocks of terracotta, and the upper stories contain gold-colored, bonded Roman brick. The brick facade was designed to relate to the adjacent theaters. [17] In contrast to the neighboring theaters, the Row NYC's facade is sparsely detailed. [16]

Public rooms

Lobby and restaurants

The hotel's public rooms were originally designed in a red, green, and blue color scheme, with carvings and chandeliers that evoked the designs of skyscrapers. [19] [20] There was originally 25,000 square feet (2,300 m2) of commercial space, [21] [22] consisting of 16 showrooms and storefronts. [12] [23] The first story contained the lobby, shops, and restaurants. [9] [14] Irwin Chanin had planned to furnish the lobby in the Louis XIV style, but Chanin changed his plans because he believed that the flappers of the 1920s would look out of place in the hotel. [24] At the 45th Street end of the lobby was a lounge with a red, blue, green, and silver ceiling, adjacent to which was a library with 3,000 volumes. [17] The restaurants consisted of a 50-seat basement café, a 250-seat grill room, and a 400-seat main dining room. [21] The grill room had wooden beams on its ceiling and was designed in an English style. [17] The second floor was supposed to be a ballroom and banking hall; [9] [14] as built, it had a lounge and two private dining rooms. [17] In addition, there were offices on the second story. [21] [22]

In the 1950s, the first three stories were gutted to make way for a triple-height lobby. [25] [26] The main section of the lobby included a marble registration desk on the second floor, accessed by escalators from the ground floor. [27] Seven blocks of imported marble were installed inside the lobby. [26] When the hotel was rebuilt in 1957, there was a main ballroom capable of accommodating 500 guests, as well as a lower-lobby ballroom with space for 200 guests. In addition, the lobby adjoined three restaurants: a luxury restaurant called the Playbill, a bar called the Manhattan Bar, and a cafe. [27] Jac Lessman designed these dining rooms. [28] In 1980, the hotel's main entrance was relocated to 45th Street to cater to people visiting Broadway theaters nearby. The reopened hotel included two lounges and a "brasserie-style" restaurant; [29] these spaces were named after Broadway theaters. [6] [30] [31]

The design of the Row NYC's lobby dates to a 2014 renovation by Gabellini Sheppard Associates. [32] [33] As part of the renovation, the lobby was converted into a 24-foot-high (7.3 m) space, and an illuminated staircase was placed in the lobby. Local artist Yorgo Alexopoulos designed two light sculptures, one on either side of the reception area. [33] The lobby also includes a restaurant called District M. [33] [34]

Basements

The hotel was also to contain three basement levels. Part of one basement level was to contain an entrance to the New York City Subway's 42nd Street station, while the two other basement levels were supposed to contain a bus terminal. [9] [14] As built, the hotel had four basements, which housed the mechanical equipment, including a laundry plant that could wash more than 10,000 people's clothes per day. [19]

Guestrooms

When it was planned, the Lincoln Hotel had 1,400 rooms on its upper stories, each with its own bathroom. [21] [22] When the hotel opened, guests could rent radios; [35] signals were transmitted to each room using the girders of the hotel's steel frame, rather than using wires. [35] [36] After the Lincoln was rebuilt as the Manhattan Hotel in 1957, Lessman redecorated the rooms [25] in either blue, green, gray, or gold. Each room was also outfitted with a television and a radio. [27]

Following another renovation in 1980, the Milford Plaza Hotel had 1,310 rooms, [6] [37] which were decorated in black and burgundy. [30] The rooms were designed by Marilynn Motto, with lighting by Howard Brandston. [31] As late as the 1980s, the guestrooms did not have fire-safety systems such as sprinklers. [38] In the 2010s, Gensler and Gabellini Sheppard redecorated the rooms, expanding the hotel to 1,331 rooms. [32] The hotel also included a Penthouse Paparazzi suite, which covered 1,000 square feet (93 m2) and was marketed for $2,520 per night when the Row NYC was renovated in 2014. [34]

History

Irwin Chanin was an American architect and real estate developer who designed several Art Deco towers and Broadway theaters. [39] [40] He and his brother Henry designed their first Manhattan buildings in 1924, including the Chanin Building. [41] They then built and operated a number of theaters and other structures related to the entertainment industry, including the Roxy Theatre. [40] [41] By October 1926, the Chanins had decided to construct and operate a theatrical franchise "in New York and half a dozen other large cities in the United States". [42] [43]

Development

The Chanin brothers had acquired the Claman site in May 1925. [44] [45] [46] The Chanins planned to build a 20-story hotel on Eighth Avenue and three theaters on the side streets. [44] [46] [47] In March 1926, Krapp filed plans with the New York City Department of Buildings for the hotel and theaters, which were projected to cost $4.5 million. [11] [48] The total site, including land, was expected to cost $10 million. [9] [14] The brownstones on the site were razed starting in May, [7] and the site was cleared by the next month. [49] That July, the Chanin brothers received a $7.5 million loan for the four developments from S. W. Straus & Co. [8] [50] The three theaters were all named in December 1926; from largest to smallest, they were the Majestic, Royale, and Masque. [51] [52] The Chanins announced the same month that the hotel was to be known as the Lincoln. The brothers were also attempting to sell the hotel and lease it back for 21 years. [12] [23]

Excavation for the Hotel Lincoln began on August 7, 1926, and the hotel's foundation was constructed starting on November 1, 1926. [21] Krapp's original plans had called for a Spanish-style design, but Irwin Chanin subsequently hired Schwartz & Gross to redesign the hotel. [16] Chanin, an engineer by trade, was heavily involved in the hotel's design process, creating sketches of furniture that he wanted. [53] Workers began erecting the steel frame on February 15, 1927. [21] The hotel was topped out on May 17, 1927, when Irwin and Henry Chanin drilled two golden rivets at the top of the hotel's steel frame. [18] [21] The structure had taken only ten months to erect. [54] The Chanin brothers resold the hotel in June 1927 to Irving I. Lewine and the United Cigar Stores Company. The Chanin brothers leased back the hotel for 63 years, except for the storefront at the corner of Eighth Avenue and 45th Street. [21] [22] The New York Times reported at the time that real estate values on Eighth Avenue between 42nd Street and Columbus Circle had increased by 200 percent over the preceding decade. [55] The hotel's owners rented out three storefronts in August 1927. [56] Later that year, additional storefronts were rented out to a shirt store [57] and a barber shop. [58]

In January 1928, eighty-one truckloads of furniture were delivered to the site, [59] and the owners announced the hotel's opening date. [60] [61] James T. Clyde was hired as the Lincoln's first managing director that month, operating the hotel on behalf of the Chanin brothers. [62] Upon its completion, the Lincoln was the tallest residential building around Times Square, as well as the tallest hotel in Manhattan west of Broadway. [61] The hotel informally opened on January 31, 1928, when it started offering meal service to guests. [63] [64] The first recorded guest was a businessman from Houston, Texas. [13] [65] Governor Al Smith and mayor Jimmy Walker both sent the Chanins congratulatory telegrams after the Lincoln opened. [66] The hotel's formal opening ceremony took place on February 13, 1928, coinciding with the observance of the Lincoln's Birthday holiday. At the official opening ceremony, a portrait of Lincoln was dedicated in the hotel's lobby, and Smith pressed a button at his Albany office to illuminate the hotel's rooftop sign. [67] [68]

Early years

Cigar Stores ownership

Front entrance Row NYC.jpeg
Front entrance

Irwin Chanin initially rented out rooms for $3 to $5 per night. [17] The Eighth Avenue Association gave the Chanin brothers a plaque in March 1928 to celebrate the hotel's completion. [69] [70] That October, radio station WGBS opened an auxiliary studio atop the Hotel Lincoln. [71] The Cigar Stores Realty Company bought the Hotel Lincoln in January 1929 as part of a $25 million purchase of multiple properties. [72] The following month, the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company lent $3.8 million to the Lincoln's owners. [73] [74] Among the hotel's early events were meetings of the Theatrical Stock Managers' Association; [75] meetings for John F. Hylan's 1929 mayoral campaign; [76] and awards ceremonies for farmers. [77] In addition, one of the storefronts was leased as a drugstore in 1930. [78]

The United Cigar Stores Company acquired the Chanin brothers' lease of the hotel in 1931. [79] [80] The hotel was losing $350,000 annually by the next year. [81] The hotel became part of the Reliance Property Management chain in February 1933, [82] and the Irving Trust Company appointed Frank W. Kridel as the hotel's operator that June. [83] The same month, the hotel received a permit to sell alcoholic beverages after Prohibition in the United States was repealed. [84] Between 1930 and 1937, the hotel also hired big-name bands to play in the Blue Room for $2,500 a week. [85] The hotel also hosted events such as a 1936 exhibition of Lincoln-related memorabilia. [86] Kridel continued to manage the Lincoln Hotel until 1937 [27] or 1938. [87] [88]

Kramer ownership

United Cigar Stores continued to own the hotel until May 1938, when it sold the Lincoln to Maria Kramer, owner of the Hotel Edison, for $7 million. [89] [90] United Cigars received $360,000 in cash and sold Kramer stock in the Lincoln Inc., the company that legally owned the building. [91] [92] Under Kramer's ownership, Consolidated Radio Artists received exclusive rights to perform in the hotel's grill room. [93] The hotel's Blue Room became a popular venue for name bands, competing with nightclubs for business, [94] and Variety magazine cited the Lincoln as "an important danceband outlet". [95] The Blue Room was shuttered at the beginning of January 1942 [96] but reopened that March. [97] The Blue Room's performers included jazz pianist Count Basie; [98] trumpeter Erskine Hawkins; [99] and clarinetist Artie Shaw. [100] In particular, Basie's band had been the first nonwhite band to perform at the Blue Room in 1943. [101] The Lincoln's Blue Room closed for renovations in 1946, but the room was damaged by a flood just before it was to reopen; [102] as a result, the room did not reopen until early 1947. [103]

After Maria Kramer's husband Max died in 1946, [104] Kramer and her stepsons became involved in a legal dispute over who owned the hotel. In January 1949, Kramer took over full ownership of the Lincoln and relinquished the Hotel Edison to her stepsons. [81] [105] The hotel was still three-fourths occupied as late as 1952. [106] The Veterans of Foreign Wars opened a veterans' canteen at the hotel in October 1952, [107] but the canteen closed in February 1954 due to a lack of funds. [108] At the beginning of November 1955, the city government alleged that the Lincoln Hotel contained several violations of city building codes, including defective exit doors, "dirty and unsanitary" furnishings, and missing lights. [109] The New York City Department of Housing said the violations dated to 1948 and recommended that Kramer be fined $500 and jailed for 30 days. [110] By then, only 200 rooms on the lowest floors were in use, and the third through 27th floors were closed off completely. [111] [112] According to The New York Times, the hotel's upper floors had been in a state of disrepair for years. [113] Kramer was ultimately fined $250, and she announced at the end of November 1955 that she was selling the hotel. [111] [112]

Zeckendorf operation

Renovation

The hotel from the rear Milford Plaza NY April 2013.jpg
The hotel from the rear

In March 1956, Webb and Knapp, operated by real estate developer William Zeckendorf, purchased the Lincoln Hotel from Kramer, along with the Roosevelt Hotel in Washington, D.C. [106] [114] Zeckendorf said he had acquired the two hotels "because of the potential inherent in the properties". [115] The deal involved $10 million in cash. [113] Kramer negotiated a clause in the sale in which she was allowed to continue living in the Lincoln rent-free for 100 years. [113] [116] The sale of the two hotels was supposed to be finalized in May 1956 but was delayed by two months. [117] Immediately after acquiring the Lincoln, Zeckendorf sold the hotel for $8.5 million to an unidentified investor and immediately leased back the property. [118] [119] Zeckendorf's lease ran for 21 years, but he had options to renew the lease ten times for 21 years each. [118] Zeckendorf used the proceeds of the sale for a renovation of the hotel, [119] which was budgeted at $3 million to $4 million. [118] Webb and Knapp planned to renovate all 1,339 rooms and clean the facade. [120]

Zeckendorf had evicted most tenants by July 1956, but there were 21 holdouts who refused to leave. [121] Many of the holdouts were long-term residents who had consistently lived in the hotel since 1949 and were thus protected by state rent regulation laws. [122] Thirteen tenants asked for buyouts of between $7,000 and $10,000 each, although Zeckendorf was only willing to pay $3,000 per tenant. [123] The hotel began selling off furnishings and furniture at the beginning of August 1956, excluding items in the apartments that were still occupied. [122] [124] Within four days, all of the items in the building had been sold. [125] Shortly afterward, the last rent-controlled tenants, including a woman who had lived there since 1929, agreed to move in exchange for a buyout of $3,000 each. [126] The existing Hotel Lincoln sign was removed on August 17, 1956, and workers began demolishing part of the hotel's interior. [120] The last tenant moved out on August 22, 1956, [127] [128] although some homeless people remained in the building past that date. [127]

New York City's fire commissioner threatened to halt the demolition process in late August 1956, claiming that the building contained numerous fire hazards. [129] [130] The next month, the hotel was renamed the Manhattan Hotel. [131] [132] Frank Kridel, who had managed the Lincoln in the 1930s, was rehired as the Manhattan's manager in December 1956. [87] The hotel was almost entirely rebuilt, retaining only the original foundation, steel structure, and facade. [133] As part of the project, the lowest three stories were almost entirely demolished, and new restaurants, offices, and ballrooms were constructed there. [25] [26] On the upper stories, workers patched and repaired the floor slabs and plaster walls, but everything else was replaced, including the wires, plumbing, windows, doors, and roof. Five hundred workers were employed on the project at its peak. [25] Webb and Knapp started leasing out the hotel's storefronts in April 1957, [134] and Harold Kelley was appointed as the Manhattan's resident manager the same month. [135]

Reopening and operation

Webb and Knapp had originally planned to formally reopen the hotel on October 15, 1957. [27] The managers decided to open 750 of the hotel's 1,400 rooms two weeks early [136] [137] to accommodate baseball fans attending the World Series. [133] The Manhattan Hotel opened on September 30, 1957, with actress Nancy Kelly as the hotel's first individual guest, although the Nebraska Cornhuskers football team had stayed at the Manhattan over the weekend prior to its reopening. [137] Workers completed additional guestrooms during the following month. [138] [139] The hotel, which cost $5.5 million to renovate, [140] [141] was advertised as the first new luxury hotel in Manhattan since the Waldorf Astoria New York opened in 1931. [25] [141] Kridel wanted to advertise the Manhattan Hotel to athletes, fashion-industry buyers, businesspeople, tourists, and theatergoers. [142] However, he did not want to attract trade shows, which he believed would damage the hotel both physically and in reputation. [25] [26] To cater to foreign guests, Zeckendorf hired a concierge who could speak eight languages. [143]

By January 1958, all 1,400 rooms had been opened, but the Playbill Restaurant was not complete. Kridel said at the time that the hotel had accommodated over 150,000 guests, 25 college and professional football teams, and 23 conventions since its reopening. [136] Although Webb and Knapp initially contemplated hiring a band to play at the hotel, [95] Kridel ultimately decided against it, saying that the $10,000 weekly cost of hiring a band was prohibitively high. [85] In late 1960, Zeckendorf contemplated selling his leases of the Astor, Commodore, and Manhattan hotels to raise money for the Freedomland U.S.A. amusement park in the Bronx, in which Zeckendorf also owned a majority stake. [144] [145] This plan was approved in June 1961, and Freedomland U.S.A., assumed the leases on the three hotels. [146] [147] After Kridel died in 1961, [88] Erwin O. Schel was appointed as the Manhattan's general manager. [148] Harold V. Varr was appointed as the hotel's general manager at the beginning of 1964, after Schel was promoted to a vice president within Zeckendorf's company. [149]

Webb and Knapp were deeply in debt by 1964. Lincoln Associates, which owned the land under the Manhattan, had taken over the hotel's finances, though Zeckendorf was still in charge of day-to-day operation. [150] Manastor Associates, which held the primary lease on the Manhattan Hotel and subleased it to Webb and Knapp, started paying the hotel's salaries and other operating expenses that May. Zeckendorf was trying to buy Manastor at the time but was unable to complete the purchase. [151] The 91468 Corporation, a subsidiary of Webb and Knapp that operated the Manhattan, filed for bankruptcy protection in August 1964, with about $6.4 million in liabilities and about $5.7 million in assets. [152] [153] After Webb and Knapp went bankrupt the next year, Lincoln Associates took over operation of the Manhattan. [154] The owners appointed Joseph Hanfling as the hotel's general manager in 1966. [155]

Grand Metropolitan ownership and closure

In October 1968, Abraham Kamber of Lincoln Associates said his firm was selling the hotel, although he did not know the names of the buyers. [154] Around the same time, Maxwell Joseph of British firm Grand Metropolitan said his firm was almost certain to acquire the Manhattan Hotel. [154] [156] Grand Metropolitan bought the Manhattan for $10 million in January 1969. [157] [158] The property title passed to Grand Metropolitan subsidiary Grandmet, [158] and Grand Metropolitan assumed a $7.5 million mortgage that had been placed on the property. [157] [159] The hotel was immediately renamed the Royal Manhattan, reflecting the buyer's British heritage. [157] [158] Grand Metropolitan largely advertised the hotel toward foreign tourists. [140] The Eastern College Athletic Conference was headquartered at the Royal Manhattan, [160] and the hotel also hosted events such as British antiques shows. [161]

By the early 1970s, the hotel was losing $1 million per year, prompting Grand Metropolitan Inc. to announce in November 1974 that they would close the hotel. [162] The owners claimed that they could not afford to pay the hotel's taxes, which amounted to $625,000 per year. [30] At the time, many non-luxury hotels in New York City were suffering financially. [163] In addition, the surrounding neighborhood had declined significantly, and the nearby Times Square had become associated with prostitution and high crime. [164] The hotel closed on December 7, 1974; [158] [165] by then, the hotel was valued at just $4 million. [166] Grand Metropolitan tried to sell the hotel but struggled to find a buyer. The Royal Manhattan was one of three shuttered hostelries on Eighth Avenue in Midtown that were having trouble attracting buyers; the others were the New Yorker Hotel and the 51st Street YWCA. [167] The New York City government scheduled a foreclosure auction for the hotel in November 1975. [168] [169] Although the hotel was offered for $1.8 million, the auction did not attract any bids. [170] [171] The terms of the sale, which one real estate analyst described as "severe", required potential buyers to make mortgage payments for at least five years. [166]

The F. & N. Refrigeration and Cabinet Corporation, a shell corporation representing a syndicate of foreign investors, [172] bought the hotel in December 1975. [173] The buyers paid about $500,000, [170] [174] plus $175,000 in back taxes. [170] Despite the low sale price, the hotel was still valued at $8.5 million at the time, [174] [175] although the city government revised the hotel's valuation to $4.5 million in 1976. [176] Investors began to express interest in converting hotels to apartment buildings after the New York City government amended its J-51 tax abatement program in early 1976. [170] Among them were a group of Europeans led by Israeli investor Shmuel Flatto-Sharon, [177] who bought the hotel the same year. [178] In preparation for the planned apartment conversion, the hotel's owners began auctioning off its furnishings in July 1976; [179] [180] the auction was expected to last several months. [179] Flatto-Sharon's group opted to sell the Royal Manhattan after failing to obtain financing for the development. [181] Homeless people frequented the boarded-up hotel. [182] Its restaurant was featured in the 1977 erotic film Barbara Broadcast , directed by Radley Metzger. [183]

Milstein ownership

Renovation and reopening

The hotel in 2005 Manhattan-01.jpg
The hotel in 2005

Sisix Corporation, representing the Milstein family, [140] [141] purchased the hotel for $2.5 million in 1978, with plans to renovate the hotel into an apartment building. [181] The development was to have either 512 [141] or 565 apartments, consisting of studios, one-bedroom apartments, and two-bedroom apartments. [181] Sisix Corp. began looking for financing for the project. [141] [181] At the time, several large developments were being planned around Times Square. [184] [185] By early 1979, the Milsteins had still not received a mortgage; because of high demand for hotel rooms around Times Square, they were considering reopening the hotel instead of converting it into apartments. [186] The next year, the New York City government's Industrial Commercial Incentive Board voted to grant a tax abatement for the redevelopment. After the hotel reopened, the family would pay reduced taxes for 20 years, and the tax abatement would be reduced by 5 percent each year. [164] [187]

The Milsteins planned to spend $14.5 million on renovations, [164] [187] but the project ultimately cost an estimated $15 million to $20 million. [37] The family announced in April 1980 that the hotel would be called the Milford Plaza, [188] and they hired Charles Waterman as the hotel's manager. [188] [189] The Milsteins wanted to attract guests who were visiting nearby Broadway theaters. [30] [37] As such, the hotel's main entrance faced the Broadway theaters on 45th Street, [30] and advertisements for Broadway shows were placed on the Eighth Avenue facade. [37] The Broadway League branded the Milford Plaza as the "Official Broadway Theater Hotel". [190] The Milstein family wished to open the hotel by mid-1980 in advance of the 1980 Democratic National Convention. [191] Milford Plaza reopened on August 1, 1980. [192] It offered moderately priced rooms [185] [193] for between $39 and $49. [31] The Milsteins could only afford such low room rates because of the tax abatement. [194] The hotel was one of several in Midtown Manhattan to be completed during the early 1980s, amid an increase in tourism in New York City. [195]

1980s to 2000s

When the Milford Plaza opened, Manhattan Community Board 5 gave the Milsteins an award "for the courageous reopening of a hotel on Eighth Avenue". [196] Architectural critic Ada Louise Huxtable wrote that the hotel rooms were "badly needed", [193] and Alan S. Oser of The New York Times said the Milsteins' decision to convert the Milford Plaza back to a hotel "reflected the improvement in hotel occupancy". [197] In the first three months after the hotel's reopening, the Milford Plaza's resident manager Gregory Rizzi said the hotel "has been running at full occupancy, and I would say that between 65 and 70 percent of our volume is foreign tourists." [198] Even at the end of 1980, the hotel was still 90 percent occupied, in spite of the early 1980s recession. [199] However, the recession caused the occupancy rate to decline during early 1981, and Paul Milstein estimated that he lost $5 million as a result. [196] One year after the hotel reopened, the Chicago Tribune wrote that the hotel had become "popular for glittering post-theater parties". [200] According to The New York Times, some observers credited the hotel with helping spur the revitalization of Times Square. [201]

As part of a publicity campaign, Cinema Projects produced a TV advertisement for the hotel called "Lullabuy of Broadway," which first aired on June 21, 1982. [202] The advertisement, which used the song "Lullaby of Broadway", became widely known; [190] [203] Paul Milstein later described it as the first "national advertising gimmick for a non-chain hotel". [204] The Mamma Leone's restaurant opened at the base of the Milford Plaza in 1988 and operated until 1994. [205] [206] Mamma Leone's parent company Restaurant Associates also operated the hotel's room service during this time. [206] The Milford Plaza underwent another renovation in 1994 at a cost of $10 million; the hotel was financially successful by then, even though its room rates had increased to $120 per night. [207] Around the same time, the Milford Plaza's operators opened a health club and made plans for a fitness center. [208] The hotel also installed a currency exchange in its lobby. [209] The Milford Plaza became a franchisee of the Ramada hotel chain in 1994, [210] although the franchise agreement expired in 2000. [211]

The Milstein family was involved in an acrimonious family dispute in the early 2000s. [212] [213] Paul Milstein's brother Seymour claimed that Paul's son Howard was mismanaging the hotel's finances. [213] Seymour filed to dissolve his family's company in March 2001, asking a New York state judge to auction off the Milford Plaza and other buildings that the family owned. [214] [215] In response, Paul accused Seymour of trying to sell the building behind his back. [216] Seymour Milstein died later that year, while the dispute was ongoing. [217] Business declined significantly following the September 11 attacks in 2001. [218] The proposed sale of the Milford Plaza was delayed by one year, but brokers were about to sell the hotel by the end of 2002. [219] The family ultimately agreed to a settlement in April 2003, and they canceled the sale of the Milford Plaza and several other properties. [220] [221] The Milsteins announced in September 2009 that the Milford Plaza was to undergo a renovation that would take 18 to 21 months. [222] [223] In preparation for the renovation, the Milsteins laid off 350 employees and closed the hotel that December. [224] [225] The Milstein family decided to suspend their renovation plan indefinitely in early 2010 due to an economic downturn. [225] [226]

Rockpoint and Highgate ownership

Seen from 44th Street with the Majestic Theatre in the foreground Milford Plaza & Majestic (8447029888).jpg
Seen from 44th Street with the Majestic Theatre in the foreground

In September 2010, Rockpoint Group and hotel operator Highgate Holdings announced that they would purchase the hotel from the Milstein family for $200 million. [227] [228] This amounted to approximately $154,000 per room, a lower rate than other hotels in New York City that were sold around the same time. [229] Rockpoint and Highgate partially reopened the hotel in November 2010. [230] Rockpoint and Highgate said they wished to convert "a two-star, tour-and-travel hotel with no amenities into a three-and-a-half-star lifestyle hotel". [32] Consequently, they began an extensive $140 million renovation. [32] [230] As part of the renovation, Rockpoint and Highgate added 62 rooms, bringing the hotel to 1,331 rooms. The hotel was also planned to include a food hall covering 4,000 square feet (370 m2), within the Mama Leone's space, as well as a fitness center covering 4,900 square feet (460 m2). [32] The renovation was completed in March 2014. [34]

Highgate proposed dividing the hotel into three ownership units in 2012: the land, the 1,331 guestrooms, and the 26,000-square-foot retail unit. [231] The owners predicted that the three ownership units would sell for a combined $650 million. [232] [233] David Werner, in partnership with Deutsche Asset & Wealth Management's real estate investment business, purchased the land parcel the next month for $325 million, [234] [235] about 30 percent more than what Rockpoint and Highgate had paid for the entire hotel three years earlier. [231] Meridian Capital Group provided a $275 million mortgage for the hotel. [235] After Werner purchased the land, other investors expressed interest in buying the rooms and retail space as part of a commercial mortgage-backed security deal. [236] Thor Equities, led by Joseph Sitt, agreed to buy the Milford Plaza's commercial condominium in 2013. [237] The sale was finalized in April 2014, when Thor paid $64 million. [238] [239] Thor Equities subsequently received a $50 million mortgage loan for the site from Goldman Sachs. [240] The City Kitchen food court opened at the base of the Row NYC in March 2015, [241] [242] and Thor placed the commercial condominium for sale that June, with an asking price of $100 million. [243]

In February 2019, Highgate and Rockpoint placed the final piece of the property for sale, the hotel rooms, for $220 million. [244] [245] By the following year, Colony Credit Real Estate, whose predecessor NorthStar had provided a $255 million mortgage for the land, was looking to sell the mortgage for as little as $50 million. [246] The hotel was forced to close temporarily in 2020 due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City. [247] Werner began falling behind on mortgage payments in May 2020. [248] The Paramount Group, which had lent $80 million to Thor Equities for the Row NYC's commercial condominium, foreclosed on the condominium in April 2022. At the time, the condominium was valued as $45 million, about 30 percent less than the price Thor had paid in 2014. [239] Wells Fargo moved to foreclose on Werner's loan in September 2022. [248] [249]

Following an influx of asylum seekers to New York City in mid-2022, city officials considered converting part of the Row NYC into temporary housing for 700 asylum seekers that year. [203] [250] The city government agreed that October to use the Row NYC Hotel to house migrants [251] [252] as part of an agreement valued at $40 million. [251] By the beginning of 2023, hotel workers had raised safety concerns because migrants sometimes violated quarantine requirements, would not let staff into their rooms, and cooked in their rooms despite a ban on electronic cooking devices at the hotel. [253] [254]

Critical reception

When the hotel opened, W. Parker Chase described the hotel as serving "the better element of the Masses". [16] [255] By contrast, George S. Chappell, writing for The New Yorker under the pseudonym "T-Square", wrote that the hotel was "very big without being especially impressive". [16] [256] Another New Yorker article stated of the interior: "Some will say that the modernity here exemplified is confusing; some will miss the uniformity of effect that a Georgian interior, for example, presents. But one feels that in the lobby of the new hotel, a vivid contemporary dramatization of New York has been achieved." [20] [257]

In 1980, a Newsday critic said that "the three-decker, red-and-velvet, glass-and-brass velvet lobby is blinding, but rooms are tasteful." [258] The Chicago Tribune wrote in 1981 that the "rooms are spacious and pleasant" and that the hotel benefited from its proximity to Broadway theaters. [200] Another writer for Newsday said that the Milford Plaza, along with the nearby New Amsterdam Theatre, ranked among the "imposing, traditional Times Square buildings with classical features". [259]

Conversely, a reviewer for Zagat wrote of the hotel in the late 1980s: "I'd rather camp out in the Port Authority," referring to the nearby bus terminal. [260] A writer for the Los Angeles Times said in 1985 that, although the rooms were cheap, the hotel had a "bare minimum" of amenities in its bathrooms. [261] Lewis Grizzard of The Atlanta Constitution wrote an especially negative review of the Milford Plaza in 1990, in which he wrote: "For 50 bucks you can stay in the Milford Plaza [...] any hotel in Manhattan that would offer you a room at that meager cost might also offer you the risk of catching Lyme disease." [262] This review prompted the Milsteins to sue Grizzard for defamation in 1991. [262] A writer for New York magazine wrote: "Truthfully, the reason most people stay here is location; its proximity to the city's brightest marquees ensures theatergoers can be in bed shortly after the curtain drops. Otherwise, the 1,300 rooms are slightly antiquated." [263]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Queensboro Bridge</span> Bridge in New York City

The Queensboro Bridge, officially named the Ed Koch Queensboro Bridge, is a cantilever bridge over the East River in New York City. Completed in 1909, it connects the Long Island City neighborhood in the borough of Queens with the East Midtown and Upper East Side neighborhoods in Manhattan, passing over Roosevelt Island. The bridge is also known as the 59th Street Bridge. It consists of five steel spans measuring 3,725 ft (1,135 m) long; including approaches, its total length is 7,449 ft (2,270 m).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manhattan Bridge</span> Bridge in New York City

The Manhattan Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the East River in New York City, connecting Lower Manhattan at Canal Street with Downtown Brooklyn at the Flatbush Avenue Extension. Designed by Leon Moisseiff and built by the Phoenix Bridge Company, the bridge has a total length of 6,855 ft (2,089 m). It is one of four toll-free vehicular bridges connecting Manhattan Island to Long Island; the nearby Brooklyn Bridge is just slightly farther west, while the Queensboro and Williamsburg bridges are to the north.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">One Worldwide Plaza</span> Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

One Worldwide Plaza is the largest tower of Worldwide Plaza, a three-building commercial and residential complex in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Designed by David Childs of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM), One Worldwide Plaza measures 778 feet (237 m) tall and has an alternative address of 825 Eighth Avenue. The tower is the easternmost building in the complex, which occupies the entire city block bounded by Eighth Avenue, Ninth Avenue, 49th Street, and 50th Street and is built on the site of New York City's third Madison Square Garden. Adjacent to One Worldwide Plaza to the west are a public plaza and two residential buildings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Freedomland U.S.A.</span> Theme park in New York City (1960–1964)

Freedomland U.S.A. was a theme park dedicated to American history in the Baychester section of the northeastern Bronx in New York City, United States. Freedomland was built on marshland owned by the Webb and Knapp company, of which William Zeckendorf Sr. was the major owner. Zeckendorf announced his plans for Freedomland in May 1959. The park, conceived and built by C. V. Wood, consisted of over 40 attractions arranged in the shape of a large map of the contiguous United States. Groundbreaking ceremonies for Freedomland occurred in late 1959, and Freedomland opened to large crowds on June 19, 1960.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">40 Wall Street</span> Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

40 Wall Street is a 927-foot-tall (283 m) neo-Gothic skyscraper on Wall Street between Nassau and William streets in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City, New York, U.S. Erected in 1929–1930 as the headquarters of the Manhattan Company, the building was designed by H. Craig Severance with Yasuo Matsui and Shreve & Lamb. The building is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP); it is also a contributing property to the Wall Street Historic District, an NRHP district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Union Square, Manhattan</span> Intersection and neighborhood in New York City

Union Square is a historic intersection and surrounding neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City, United States, located where Broadway and the former Bowery Road – now Fourth Avenue – came together in the early 19th century. Its name denotes that "here was the union of the two principal thoroughfares of the island". The current Union Square Park is bounded by 14th Street on the south, 17th Street on the north, and Union Square West and Union Square East to the west and east respectively. 17th Street links together Broadway and Park Avenue South on the north end of the park, while Union Square East connects Park Avenue South to Fourth Avenue and the continuation of Broadway on the park's south side. The park is maintained by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Nations Secretariat Building</span> Skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The United Nations Secretariat Building is a skyscraper at the headquarters of the United Nations in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It contains the offices of the United Nations Secretariat, the executive organ of the United Nations (UN). The building, designed in the International Style, is 505 ft (154 m) tall with 39 above-ground stories. It was designed by a group of architects led by Wallace Harrison. Although the building is located within the United States, the site is under UN jurisdiction, so the building is exempt from some local regulations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New York Biltmore Hotel</span> Hotel in New York City (1913–1981)

The New York Biltmore Hotel was a luxury hotel at 335 Madison Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The hotel was developed by the New York Central Railroad and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad and operated from 1913 to 1981. It was one of several large hotels developed around Grand Central Terminal as part of Terminal City. The Biltmore was designed in the Italian Renaissance Revival style by Warren and Wetmore, one of the firms involved in designing Grand Central. Although the hotel's steel frame still exists, the hotel itself was almost entirely demolished and replaced by an office building in the early 1980s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wyndham New Yorker Hotel</span> Building in Manhattan, New York

The New Yorker Hotel is a mixed-use hotel building at 481 Eighth Avenue in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Opened in 1930, the New Yorker Hotel was designed by Sugarman and Berger in the Art Deco style and is 42 stories high, with four basement stories. The hotel building is owned by the Unification Church, which rents out the lower stories as offices and dormitories. The upper stories comprise The New Yorker, A Wyndham Hotel, which has 1,083 guestrooms and is operated by Wyndham Hotels & Resorts. The 1-million-square-foot (93,000-square-meter) building also contains two restaurants and approximately 33,000 square feet (3,100 m2) of conference space.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St. Regis New York</span> Hotel in Manhattan, New York

The St. Regis New York is a historic luxury hotel at 2 East 55th Street, at the southeast corner with Fifth Avenue, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. The hotel was originally developed by John Jacob Astor IV and was completed in 1904 to designs by Trowbridge & Livingston. An annex to the east was designed by Sloan & Robertson and completed in 1927. The hotel is operated by Marriott International and holds Forbes five-star and AAA five-diamond ratings. In addition, it is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Majestic (apartment building)</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The Majestic is a cooperative apartment building at 115 Central Park West, between 71st and 72nd Streets, adjacent to Central Park on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was constructed from 1930 to 1931 and was designed by the firm of Irwin S. Chanin in the Art Deco style. The Majestic is 30 stories tall, with twin towers rising from a 19-story base. The building is a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places–listed district, and is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hotel Pennsylvania</span> Former hotel in Manhattan, New York

The Hotel Pennsylvania was a hotel at 401 Seventh Avenue in Manhattan, across from Pennsylvania Station and Madison Square Garden in New York City. Opened in 1919, it was once the largest hotel in the world. It remained the fourth largest in New York City until it closed permanently on April 1, 2020. After years of unsuccessful preservation battles, it was demolished in 2023. The hotel is to be replaced by 15 Penn Plaza, a 68-story tower.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roosevelt Hotel (Manhattan)</span> Hotel in Manhattan, New York

The Roosevelt Hotel is a former hotel at 45 East 45th Street in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Named in honor of U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt, the hotel was developed by the New York Central Railroad and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad and opened in 1924. The 19-story structure was designed by George B. Post & Son with an Italian Renaissance Revival-style facade, as well as interiors that resembled historical American buildings. The Roosevelt Hotel is one of several large hotels developed around Grand Central Terminal as part of Terminal City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Century (apartment building)</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The Century is an apartment building at 25 Central Park West, between 62nd and 63rd Streets, adjacent to Central Park on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was constructed from 1930 to 1931 at a cost of $6.5 million and designed by the firm of Irwin S. Chanin in the Art Deco style. The Century is 30 stories tall, with twin towers rising from a 19-story base. The building is a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places–listed district, and is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hotel Carter</span> Former hotel in Manhattan, New York

The Hotel Carter was a hotel at 250 West 43rd Street, near Times Square, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Opened in June 1930 as the Dixie Hotel, the 25-story structure originally extended from 43rd Street to 42nd Street, although the wing abutting 42nd Street has since been demolished. The hotel originally contained a bus terminal at its ground level, which was closed in 1957, as well as a bar and restaurant immediately above it. The upper stories originally contained 1,000 rooms but were later downsized to 700 rooms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hotel McAlpin</span> Residential building in Manhattan, New York

Herald Towers, formerly the Hotel McAlpin, is a residential condominium building on Herald Square, along Broadway between 33rd and 34th Streets, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Constructed from 1910 to 1912 by the Greeley Square Hotel Company, it operated as a short-term hotel until 1976. The building was designed by Frank Mills Andrews in the Italian Renaissance style and was the largest hotel in the world at the time of its completion, with 1,500 guestrooms. The hotel was expanded in 1917, when Warren and Wetmore designed an annex with 200 rooms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crowne Plaza Times Square Manhattan</span> Hotel in Manhattan, New York

The Crowne Plaza Times Square Manhattan is a hotel at 1601 Broadway, between 48th and 49th Streets, in the Theater District of Midtown Manhattan in New York City. The hotel is operated by third-party franchisee Highgate and is part of the Intercontinental Hotels Group's Crowne Plaza chain. It has 795 guest rooms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyatt Grand Central New York</span> Hotel in Manhattan, New York

The Hyatt Grand Central New York is a hotel located at 109 East 42nd Street, adjoining Grand Central Terminal, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. It operated as the 2,000-room Commodore Hotel between 1919 and 1976, before hotel chain Hyatt and real estate developer Donald Trump converted the hotel to the 1,400-room Grand Hyatt New York between 1978 and 1980. As of 2019, the hotel is planned to be replaced with a skyscraper named Project Commodore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel</span> Hotel in Manhattan, New York

The InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel is a hotel at 111 East 48th Street, on Lexington Avenue between 48th and 49th Streets, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. The 14-story hotel, operated by IHG Hotels & Resorts, was designed by Cross and Cross in the Colonial style and contains 702 rooms. The Barclay was one of several large hotels developed around Grand Central Terminal as part of Terminal City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Peninsula New York</span> Hotel in Manhattan, New York

The Peninsula New York is a historic luxury hotel at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 55th Street in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Built in 1905 as the Gotham Hotel, the structure was designed by Hiss and Weekes in the neoclassical style. The hotel is part of the Peninsula Hotels group, which is owned by Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels (HSH). The structure is 23 stories high and, as of 2022, contains 241 rooms.

References

    Citations

    1. ↑ White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 298. ISBN   978-0-19538-386-7.
    2. 1 2 3 "700 8 Avenue, 10036". New York City Department of City Planning. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
    3. 1 2 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1987 , p. 14.
    4. ↑ Feirstein, Sanna (2001). Naming New York: Manhattan Places and How They Got Their Names. NYU Press. p. 119. ISBN   978-0-8147-2711-9. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
    5. ↑ Bloom, Ken (2007). The Routledge Guide to Broadway (1st ed.). New York: Routledge. p. 30. ISBN   978-0-415-97380-9.
    6. 1 2 3 Armbrust, Roger (August 1, 1980). "New Hotel To Brighten Theatre District". Back Stage. Vol. 21, no. 31. pp. 34, 52. ProQuest   964104743.
    7. 1 2 "Razing Block Front on Eighth Avenue: Former Homes of Beverly Chew and Judge Leventritt in Housewreckers' Hands". The New York Times. May 18, 1926. p. 43. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   103877709.
    8. 1 2 "$7,500,000 Lent For Tall Hotel And Theaters: Complete Financial Arrangements for 27-Story Hostelry and 3 Other Buildings on Rear of Astor Block". New York Herald Tribune. July 9, 1926. p. 29. ProQuest   1112611419.
    9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "$10,000,000 Development For 8th Avenue: Chanin Syndicate Accepts This Figure as Cost of 20-Story Hotel and Three Theaters It Will Build". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. March 21, 1926. p. B1. ProQuest   1112750800.
    10. 1 2 "Plan Hotel, 3 Theatres; Chanin to Improve Blockfront on Eighth Avenue". The New York Times. March 17, 1926. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
    11. 1 2 "$4,500,000 Theater And Hotel Project". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. March 17, 1926. p. 37. ProQuest   1113033689.
    12. 1 2 3 "Chanins Will Open Three New Theaters Early Next Year: Buildings on 44th and 45th Streets, 28-Story Hotel for Eighth Ave. Block Will Involve $12,000,000". New York Herald Tribune. December 26, 1926. p. C2. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1112796073.
    13. 1 2 "Hotel Lincoln Opened; First Guest Registers at $10,000,000 Times Square Structure". The New York Times. February 1, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    14. 1 2 3 4 5 "$10,000,000 Building for 8th Av. Block: Chanins File Plans for a Hotel and Three Theatres in the Times Square District". The New York Times. March 21, 1926. p. RE2. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   103869998.
    15. ↑ Dunlap, David W. (February 26, 1988). "Irwin Chanin, Builder of Theaters And Art Deco Towers, Dies at 96". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 27, 2020. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    16. 1 2 3 4 5 Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987 , p. 204.
    17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Open New Hotel for Times Square; Thirty-Story Lincoln Will Be Ready for Guests This Week". The New York Times. January 29, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    18. 1 2 "Made Fortune in 8 Years; Chanin Puts Gold Rivets In Last of $12,000,000 Buildings". The New York Times. May 18, 1927. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    19. 1 2 "New Lincoln Hotel Built Along Modern Ideas: Architectural and Decorative Details Used to Portray Phases of Every Day life". New York Herald Tribune. February 12, 1928. p. D1. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113435751.
    20. 1 2 Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987 , p. 206.
    21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Hotel Lincoln, on Eighth Avenue Figures in $9,000,000 Deal: Irving I. Lewine and United Cigar Stores Company Acquire Thirty-Story Structure Which the Chanins Are Erecting Between 44th and 45th Sts". New York Herald Tribune. June 8, 1927. p. 40. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113649072.
    22. 1 2 3 4 "The Hotel Lincoln is Sold by Chanins: Builders Sell 30-story Structure on 8th Av. Blockfront Near Times Square". The New York Times. June 8, 1927. p. 44. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   104152719.
    23. 1 2 "Millions of Dollars Are-Being Spent For Building in Times Square: Area Three Theatres, Two Hotels, Numerous Loft and Commercial Structures of the "Skyscraper" Type Planned and Under Way". The New York Times. December 26, 1926. p. RE1. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   103814385.
    24. ↑ Batchelder, Roger (March 11, 1928). "Chanins Went New York Idea One Better: Brothers Came Out of the War Broke, Seized Big City Speed Policy and Now Have Four Theatres, a Hotel, Office Buildings and Millions". Daily Boston Globe. p. B6. ProQuest   747836845.
    25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Morahan, John M. (August 4, 1957). "Hotel Manhattan Plans To Open Its Doors in Fall". New York Herald Tribune. p. A5. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1336467800.
    26. 1 2 3 4 Benjamin, Philip (September 5, 1957). "Manhattan Hotel to Emerge Soon From Shell of the Old Lincoln; New York's First New Hotel in 26 Years Is Nearly Ready to Open on 8th Avenue". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    27. 1 2 3 4 5 Tobenkin, Paul (September 25, 1957). "New Hotel Manhattan Will Open on Monday". New York Herald Tribune. p. A1. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1325662410.
    28. ↑ "Plan Dining Rooms For Hotel Manhattan". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 94, no. 59. March 26, 1957. p. 40. ProQuest   1540347680.
    29. ↑ Sleed, Joel (September 22, 1980). "4 new hotels brighten New York's tourist scene: Getaway". The Sun. p. B3. ProQuest   538125416.
    30. 1 2 3 4 5 Goodman, George Jr. (July 26, 1980). "New Midtown Hotel Prepares to Open; Tax Abatement Granted Old Owners Cited Tax Burden". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    31. 1 2 3 "Hotel for N.Y.'s theatre patrons". The Hollywood Reporter. Vol. 262, no. 48. August 8, 1980. p. 14. ProQuest   2598138620.
    32. 1 2 3 4 5 Levere, Jane L. (August 20, 2013). "New York Hotels Decide It's Time for a Makeover". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
    33. 1 2 3 Pucciarelli, Alexandra (April 15, 2014). "Open> Row NYC Seeks To Bring Glamour To the Times Square Hotel Experience". The Architect's Newspaper. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    34. 1 2 3 Seikaly, Andrea (May 9, 2014). "New York's Row NYC Hotel Brings Paparazzo Style to Times Square". Variety. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
    35. 1 2 "Hotel Radio Device Uses Steel Girders; Framework of the Lincoln Replaces Wire Network in New System". The New York Times. June 5, 1929. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    36. ↑ "Small Stations In Hotel Relays Radio Programs: System Which Feeds Feature on Local Stations to Rooms Perfected After Year's Test Uses Small Transmitters Eliminates Wires Using Frame of Structure as Antenna". New York Herald Tribune. May 31, 1931. p. C3. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1114188053.
    37. 1 2 3 4 Hummler, Richard (July 30, 1980). "Legitimate: 1,310-Room Milford Plaza, N.Y., To Stress B'way Legit Angle". Variety. Vol. 299, no. 13. pp. 87, 92. ProQuest   1505793377.
    38. ↑ Wissner-Gross, Elizabeth (February 22, 1987). "High-Rise Hotels: The Push for Fire Safety". Newsday. p. 3. ProQuest   285494499.
    39. ↑ Dunlap, David W. (February 26, 1988). "Irwin Chanin, Builder of Theaters And Art Deco Towers, Dies at 96". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 27, 2020. Retrieved February 27, 2020.
    40. 1 2 Reynolds, Donald (1994). The Architecture of New York City: Histories and Views of Important Structures, Sites, and Symbols. New York: J. Wiley. p. 275. ISBN   978-0-471-01439-3. OCLC   45730295.
    41. 1 2 "Chanin Building" (PDF). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. November 14, 1978. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
    42. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1987 , p. 15.
    43. ↑ "Chanins to Build Chain of Theatres; Two Brothers Are Also to Enter Play-producing Field on a Large Scale". The New York Times. October 24, 1926. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
    44. 1 2 "$10,000,000 Project For Eighth Ave. Block: Hotel and 3 Theaters Planned for Plot Between 44th and 45th Streets". The New York Herald, New York Tribune. May 15, 1925. p. 28. ProQuest   1112960129.
    45. ↑ "Tenement Properties Find Ready Buyers: Multi-family Houses in Columbus Avenue Sold—Monroe Street Investment". The New York Times. May 15, 1925. p. 33. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   103582068.
    46. 1 2 "Realty News: Midtown Loft Buildings Change Hands: Brown Sells Fifth Avenue And 12th Street Structure". Women's Wear. Vol. 30, no. 114. May 15, 1925. p. 42. ProQuest   1676948661.
    47. ↑ "Who are the Chanins?". The New York Times. January 24, 1926. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
    48. ↑ "Plan Hotel, 3 Theatres; Chanin to Improve Blockfront on Eighth Avenue". The New York Times. March 17, 1926. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    49. ↑ "Chaotic Conditions on Eighth Avenue; Subway Excavation Has Reduced Pedestrian Sidewalks to Single File Traffic". The New York Times. June 13, 1926. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved November 17, 2021.
    50. ↑ "New Hotel Financed by $7,500,000 Loan S. W. Straus & Co. Underwrite the Lincoln Being Erected on 8th Av. By the Chanins". The New York Times. July 9, 1926. p. 33. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   103722880.
    51. ↑ "Musical Comedy: New Chanin Houses Named and Booked". The Billboard. Vol. 38, no. 51. December 18, 1926. p. 26. ProQuest   1031822618.
    52. ↑ "News of Theaters". New York Herald Tribune. December 17, 1926. p. 27. ProQuest   1112676426.
    53. ↑ Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987 , pp. 204–206.
    54. ↑ "New Hotel Lincoln Completed in Fast Time". New York Herald Tribune. January 29, 1928. p. D3. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113430350.
    55. ↑ "Real Estate Values on Eighth Avenue: Sate of $9,000,000 Lincoln Hotel Attracts Attention to Re-; Building of the Thoroughfare. Many New Structures Realty Men Estimate a 200 Per Cent, Increase in Values During the Last Decade". The New York Times. June 12, 1927. p. RE1. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   103963686.
    56. ↑ "Stores Are Leased Near Times Square; Druggists and United Cigar Stores Take Space in New Eighth Avenue Hotel". The New York Times. August 25, 1927. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    57. ↑ "Lease on Eighth Avenue: Four Firms Take Space in New Building – Stores Are Rented". The New York Times. October 20, 1927. p. 51. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   104073635.
    58. ↑ "Commercial Leases; Creamer-Lutz Take Barber Shop in Hotel Lincoln – Other Deals". The New York Times. November 29, 1927. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    59. ↑ "Hotel Lincoln Nears Completion". The New York Times. January 10, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    60. ↑ "Hotel And Restaurant News: Chanins To Open New Lincoln Hotel, Near Garment Zone, Jan. 31". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 36, no. 22. January 27, 1928. p. 5. ProQuest   1654245647.
    61. 1 2 "Hotel Opens Tuesday; Chanins Announce Completion of the Lincoln, Near Times Square". The New York Times. January 26, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    62. ↑ "James T. Clyde To Manage New Hotel Lincoln". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 36, no. 7. January 10, 1928. p. 8. ProQuest   1653778152.
    63. ↑ "Hotel And Restaurant News: Hotel Lincoln Opens Tonight". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 36, no. 25. January 31, 1928. p. 18. ProQuest   1654207959.
    64. ↑ "Hotel Lincoln Opens To-day". New York Herald Tribune. January 31, 1928. p. 8. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113418130.
    65. ↑ "Texas Man Makes History For Self and Hotel Lincoln: W. L. Allen, of Houston, First Guest of New Hostelry, Finds "It Is On the House"". New York Herald Tribune. February 1, 1928. p. 14. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113428317.
    66. ↑ "Smith Greets Hotel Men; Walker Also Congratulates the Chanins on the New Lincoln". The New York Times. February 2, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    67. ↑ "New Hotel Lincoln Formally Opened; Lobby Portrait of Lincoln Is Unveiled—Governor Lights Roof Sign From Albany". The New York Times. February 14, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    68. ↑ "Hotels And Restaurants: Hotel Lincoln Formally Opened". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 36, no. 37. February 14, 1928. p. 22. ProQuest   1653675102.
    69. ↑ "Builders of New Hotel Honored". New York Herald Tribune. March 14, 1928. p. 25. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113346242.
    70. ↑ "Chanins Get Plaque From Eighth Av. Body; Association Presents Bronze Tablet to Builders of the Hotel Lincoln, Near Times Square". The New York Times. March 14, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    71. ↑ "WGBS Auxiliary Studios Opened With Ceremony: Located at Times Square for Accessibility of the Theatrical Broadcasters Celebrate 4th Birthday Local Station Has Set Many Precedents in Programs". New York Herald Tribune. October 28, 1928. p. G2. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1114023477.
    72. ↑ "Cigar Stores Realty Co. Gets The Lincoln in $30,000,000 Deal: Combination Organized by United Corporation Officers Takes Over Many Properties Held by Their Company in New York and Other Cities". New York Herald Tribune. January 4, 1929. p. 6. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1110579993.
    73. ↑ "Obtains Loan On Hotel Lincoln". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 38, no. 32. February 14, 1929. p. 20. ProQuest   1699879790.
    74. ↑ "Lends $24,000,000 on Waldorf Site; Metropolitan Life Finances Fifty-Story Building to Replace Fifth Av. Hotel". The New York Times. February 8, 1929. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    75. ↑ "Open Convention Today; Theatrical Stock Managers' Association Meeting at Hotel Lincoln". The New York Times. June 17, 1929. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    76. ↑ "Hylan Organization Will Meet Tomorrow; Houtain Asserts Walker Is Putting Forward Projects Conceived by His Predecessor". The New York Times. June 13, 1929. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    77. ↑ "Roosevelt Confers 14 Farm Medals; Agriculturists of State Cited at Dinner Here for Their Services to Rural Life". The New York Times. December 13, 1929. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    78. ↑ "Drug Store Will Pay $500,000 West Side Rent: Whelan Company to Occupy Spaee in Hotel Lincoln; Many Store Leases Made". New York Herald Tribune. September 23, 1930. p. 36. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1113286230.
    79. ↑ "United Cigar Interests Acquire Hotel Lincoln: Lease of Site Transferred by Chanins to Owners of Fee". New York Herald Tribune. April 25, 1931. p. 20. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1114175174.
    80. ↑ "Whist Club Buys East 62d St. House; Group Headed by Charles M. Schwab Acquires Residence Near Fifth Avenue". The New York Times. April 25, 1931. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    81. 1 2 "Mrs. Kramer Wins Control of Hotel Lincoln: Gets Washington Roosevelt, Relinquishes the Edison in Settlement of Estate". New York Herald Tribune. January 15, 1949. p. 22. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1335544524.
    82. ↑ "Times-Square-Sports: Lincoln Hotel in Chain". Variety. Vol. 109, no. 10. February 14, 1933. p. 51. ProQuest   1529316258.
    83. ↑ "Kridel to Operate Lincoln Hotel". New York Herald Tribune. June 16, 1933. p. 30. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1336985952.
    84. ↑ "Beer Permit Given to the Colony Club; Women's Organization Among Many to Get State Licenses – Big Hotels Also Listed". The New York Times. June 8, 1933. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    85. 1 2 "Music: Manhattan (Ex-Lincoln) Hotel Nixes Dance Band Policy as Too Costly". Variety. Vol. 208, no. 4. September 25, 1957. p. 54. ProQuest   1014796753.
    86. ↑ "Abraham Lincoln Memorabilia In N. Y. Exhibition: Thomas Hicks Portrait Among 400 Articles in Excellent Display Lincoln Portrait In Exhibition". The Hartford Courant. March 10, 1936. p. 6. ProQuest   558698757.
    87. 1 2 "Hotel Official Named; Kridel Is Appointed General Manager of the Manhattan". The New York Times. December 26, 1956. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    88. 1 2 "Frank Kridel Dies; Official Of Astor, Manhattan Hotels". New York Herald Tribune. July 6, 1961. p. 10. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1327031084.
    89. ↑ "Woman Buys, Will Help Run Hotel Lincoln; Price of 0-Story Building Put at $7,000,000". The New York Times. May 20, 1938. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    90. ↑ "Lincoln Hotel Sold In New York City". The Christian Science Monitor. July 30, 1938. p. 18. ProQuest   514707839.
    91. ↑ "$360,000 Cash Paid for Lincoln Stock; Details of Kramer Deal for Hotel Are Revealed". The New York Times. May 21, 1938. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    92. ↑ "New York Hotel Sale Figures Disclosed". Los Angeles Times. May 22, 1938. p. A17. ProQuest   164857514.
    93. ↑ "Music: CRA Adds Lincoln Hotel". The Billboard. Vol. 50, no. 24. June 11, 1938. p. 11. ProQuest   1032163185.
    94. ↑ "Name Bands Play in Hotels in Competition With Night Clubs". New York Herald Tribune. July 11, 1943. p. E7. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1254437229.
    95. 1 2 "Vaudeville: See Webb & Knapp's Manhattan Hotel (Ex-Lincoln) as Hypo to West Side". Variety. Vol. 205, no. 10. February 6, 1957. p. 59. ProQuest   964050905.
    96. ↑ "Orchestra Grosses: Lincoln's Blue Room Vamps Until Ream". Variety. Vol. 145, no. 6. January 14, 1952. p. 40. ProQuest   1285812754.
    97. ↑ "The Night Club: Blue Room Reopening". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 64, no. 65. April 3, 1942. p. 31. ProQuest   1654002591.
    98. ↑ "Count Basie Signs 5-Year Pact To Play Swanky Lincoln Hotel". The Pittsburgh Courier. March 17, 1945. p. 20. ProQuest   202178765.
    99. ↑ "Music: Erskine Hawkins Set For Lincoln Blue Room 10-Week Stint". The Billboard. Vol. 57, no. 16. April 21, 1945. p. 18. ProQuest   1040010154.
    100. ↑ Teachout, Terry (November 4, 2001). "MUSIC; Not Much in Common Except Beautiful Music". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    101. ↑ "Count Basie Breaks Ice at Lincoln Hotel: to Be First Race Band to Appear at Swank Spot". The Pittsburgh Courier. September 11, 1943. p. 21. ProQuest   202126146.
    102. ↑ "Orchestras-Music: Castle Marks Time For Hotel Lincoln Fixing". Variety. Vol. 164, no. 4. October 2, 1946. p. 46. ProQuest   1285897329.
    103. ↑ "Orchestras-Music: Lee Castle May Finally Play Out That Date At N. Y. Hotel Lincoln". Variety. Vol. 165, no. 12. February 26, 1947. p. 44. ProQuest   1032268043.
    104. ↑ "Max Kramer, 68, Ran Hotel Chain; Builder of Hostelries, Theatres Is Dead—Constructed 500 Apartments, Tenements". The New York Times. June 18, 1946. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    105. ↑ "Mrs. Kramer Gets the Lincoln Hotel; The Edison Goes to Her Two Stepsons in Settlement of Dispute Over Estate". The New York Times. January 15, 1949. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 3, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
    106. 1 2 "27- Story Hotel Lincoln Is Sold to Zeckendorf". New York Herald Tribune. March 19, 1956. p. A1. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1327115923.
    107. ↑ "At Formal Opening of V. F. W. Canteen Here". The New York Times. October 16, 1952. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    108. ↑ Grutzner, Charles (February 26, 1954). "Service Men's Spa Runs Dry of Cash; V. F. W. to Close Canteen in Lincoln Hotel Tomorrow – Charity Inquiry a Factor". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    109. ↑ "Warning Served on Lincoln Hotel; Court Gives Owner Until Nov. 21 to Clear Up Alleged Building Violations". The New York Times. November 1, 1955. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    110. ↑ "Jail Term Asked at Hotel Hearing; But Woman Head of Lincoln Denies City's Charges of Building Violations". The New York Times. November 22, 1955. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    111. 1 2 "Hotel Violations Draw $250 Fine; Mrs. Kramer, Owner, Reveals Negotiations for the Sale of the 1,400-Room Lincoln". The New York Times. November 26, 1955. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    112. 1 2 "Fined $250, Says She'll Sell Hotel: Lincoln's Owner Admits Violation". New York Herald Tribune. November 26, 1955. p. 5. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1336288133.
    113. 1 2 3 Berger, Meyer (August 31, 1956). "About New York; Woman Who Sold the Lincoln Hotel Got Her Way in Intricate Real Estate Deal". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    114. ↑ "Zeckendorf Buys the Lincoln Hotel: Also Acquiring the Roosevelt in Washington—cash Deal 'close to $10,000,000' Zeckendorf Buys the Lincoln Here Hotel Opened in 1928 Violations Reported Corrected". The New York Times. March 19, 1956. p. 1. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   113532510. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
    115. ↑ "Webb & Knapp to Purchase New York, Washington Hotels". The Wall Street Journal. March 19, 1956. p. 4. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   132279399.
    116. ↑ "Mrs. Kramer Drove Hard Sale Bargain". The Washington Post and Times Herald. September 21, 1956. p. 50. ISSN   0190-8286. ProQuest   148738556.
    117. ↑ "Hotels Title Closing Delayed". The New York Times. May 16, 1956. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    118. 1 2 3 "Webb & Knapp to Sell Hotel". The Wall Street Journal. August 3, 1956. p. 16. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   132255378.
    119. 1 2 Fowler, Glenn (July 18, 1956). "The Lincoln Sold Again and Re-let: Zeckendorf to Revamp Hotel in 8th Avenue—price Put at $8,500,000". The New York Times. p. 56. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   113775135. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
    120. 1 2 "8th Ave. Sign Goes at Lincoln Hotel; Job Takes Workers 2 Hours --Three Remaining Tenants to Check Out Wednesday Look of Inhospitality Three Tenants Remain". The New York Times. August 18, 1956. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    121. ↑ Dean, Clarence (July 21, 1956). "Lincoln Hotel's Few Guests Plan To Fight Zeckendorf on Eviction; 21 Rooms Are Occupied". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    122. 1 2 "Lincoln Hotel Auction to Start: Die-Hard 'Permanent Residents' Snag Renovation". New York Herald Tribune. August 5, 1956. p. 37. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1324061706.
    123. ↑ Dean, Clarence (July 25, 1956). "Lincoln Tenants Ask Up to $10,000; Zeckendorf Offers $3,000 to 13 Guests to Quit Hotel --Ouster Hearing Opens Goldberg's Alternatives". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    124. ↑ Phillips, McCandlish (August 7, 1956). "Dimly Lit Halls of Lincoln Hotel Resound to Auctioneer's Chant". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    125. ↑ "4-day Auction Ends at Lincoln Hotel". The New York Times. August 10, 1956. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    126. ↑ "Holdouts Yield at Lincoln Hotel; Last Is Woman Guest Since 1929". The New York Times. August 8, 1956. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    127. 1 2 "Hoboes Mate a Jungle Of Empty Lincoln Hotel". New York Herald Tribune. August 23, 1956. p. A1. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1327433189.
    128. ↑ "Wreckers Facing Strict Fire Check; Renovation Jobs Also to Be Watched More Closely-- Lincoln Cleaned Up". The New York Times. August 23, 1956. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    129. ↑ "Hotel Fire Perils Shock Cavanagh; 'Frightful' Hazard at Lincoln Brings 4-Fold Increase of Guard After Inspection Inspections Continue". The New York Times. August 22, 1956. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    130. ↑ "Vacationing Cavanagh Spots Hotel Lincoln as 'Firetrap'". New York Herald Tribune. August 22, 1956. p. A1. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1327442363.
    131. ↑ "Lincoln Hotel Renamed; Will Be Called the Manhattan on Reopening in Spring". The New York Times. September 20, 1956. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    132. ↑ "Hotel Lincoln Now Manhattan". New York Herald Tribune. September 20, 1956. p. A9. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1325272095.
    133. 1 2 "Rebuilt Hotel Manhattan to Reopen Today". New York Herald Tribune. September 30, 1957. p. 9. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1327628573.
    134. ↑ "Drugstore is Leased; Manhattan Hotel Lets Space for 15 Years at $500,000". The New York Times. April 29, 1957. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    135. ↑ "Manager Is Selected For Manhattan Hotel". The New York Times. April 8, 1957. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    136. 1 2 Benjamin, Philip (January 26, 1958). "Business Pleases New Hotel Here; The Manhattan on 8th Ave. Reports Public Response Far Above Expectations". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 2, 2022.
    137. 1 2 "New Hotel the Manhattan-- Is Opened". New York Herald Tribune. October 1, 1957. p. A1. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1325308838.
    138. ↑ "Midtown Hotels Jammed by Fans; Greenwich; Garden City and Newark Handle Overflow --Braves Get Credit". The New York Times. October 3, 1957. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    139. ↑ "Resident Buyers View New Hotel". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 95, no. 84. October 28, 1957. p. 4. ProQuest   1523386077.
    140. 1 2 3 "Boarded-Up Hotel Sold". Newsday. August 8, 1978. p. 24Q. ProQuest   964362955.
    141. 1 2 3 4 5 Moritz, Owen (August 8, 1978). "8th Ave. Hotel Sold for Apartments". Daily News. New York. p. 221. ProQuest   2303322965.
    142. ↑ Spielvogel, Carl (October 27, 1957). "Advertising: Putting Across a New Hotel; The Big Job Is to Get the Guest to Sign In the First Time To Create a Personality Aim at 5 Groups Mailings Early and Heavy". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    143. ↑ "Hotel Caters To Its Guests In 8 Tongues". The New York Times. October 9, 1962. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    144. ↑ Stern, Walter H. (September 20, 1960). "Zeckendorf May Sell 3 Hotels To the Owners of Freedomland". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    145. ↑ "Freesdomland Mulls Hotel Offer". New York Herald Tribune. September 20, 1960. p. 42. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1324122973.
    146. ↑ "Airline Holding Talks on Merger; Discussions by Northeast Noted at Atlas Meeting". The New York Times. June 10, 1961. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 14, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2020.
    147. ↑ "International Recreation Holders Approve Giving Control to Webb-Knapp". The Wall Street Journal. June 12, 1961. p. 9. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   132643548.
    148. ↑ "Manhattan Hotel Manager". The New York Times. August 22, 1961. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    149. ↑ "Manager Is Chosen For Hotel Manhattan". The New York Times. January 1, 1964. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    150. ↑ "2 Zeckendorf Units Under New Program". The New York Times. May 23, 1964. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    151. ↑ "Fiscal Changes Made at 2 Hotels; Zeckendorf Control of Funds Shifts to Prime Lessee". The New York Times. May 22, 1964. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    152. ↑ "Debt Woes Mount for Webb & Knapp; Astor and Manhattan Units File Bankruptcy Petitions in Federal Court Here;". The New York Times. August 4, 1964. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
    153. ↑ "Creditor Groups Named For Two Webb & Knapp Units Under Chapter 11". The Wall Street Journal. August 28, 1964. p. 3. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   132925174.
    154. 1 2 3 "News of Realty: Hotel Being Sold: Manhattan's New Owners and Price Not Disclosed". The New York Times. October 8, 1968. p. 75. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   118311855.
    155. ↑ "New Officer Chosen For Manhatten Hotel". The New York Times. October 15, 1966. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    156. ↑ Weiss, Ruth (October 8, 1968). "Joseph is almost certain to buy Manhattan Hotel". The Guardian. p. 10. ProQuest   185363819.
    157. 1 2 3 "English Firm Acquires Hotel". The Wall Street Journal. January 28, 1969. p. 36. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   133445589.
    158. 1 2 3 4 Gerston, Jill (December 8, 1974). "Royal Manhattan Hotel, Once Big‐Band Center, Closes Its Doors". The New York Times. p. 68. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
    159. ↑ "G. Met. to buy US hotel". The Guardian. January 28, 1969. p. 10. ProQuest   185377028.
    160. ↑ "Eastern Conference Rejects Aid Ban on 'Disobedient' Athletes". The New York Times. February 26, 1969. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    161. ↑ Knox, Sanka (March 19, 1970). "30 British Dealers Open Antiques Fair At a Hotel Here". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    162. ↑ Tomasson, Robert E. (November 28, 1974). "Royal Manhattan Hotel to Close In 10 Days Because of Big Losses". The New York Times. p. 16. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
    163. ↑ Dickinson, Ernest (November 10, 1974). "Pressure on City's Tourist‐Class Hotels Grows". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    164. 1 2 3 Smothers, Ronald (October 4, 1979). "Tax Break is Voted for Hotel Renewal". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    165. ↑ Wilson, Earl (December 4, 1974). "Last Night: Raquel Welch may team with Joe Namath". The Morning Call. p. 67. ProQuest   2340898979.
    166. 1 2 Oser, Alan S. (December 17, 1975). "About Real Estate". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    167. ↑ Maitland, Leslie (July 22, 1975). "Two Hotels and 'Y' Left In Backwater of 8th Ave". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
    168. ↑ Elia, Charles J. (November 28, 1975). "Analyst Believes Real Estate in New York City Already Has Started Down Foreclosure Route". The Wall Street Journal. p. 21. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   133957505.
    169. ↑ "News of The Realty Trade". The New York Times. November 2, 1975. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    170. 1 2 3 4 Kaiser, Charles (February 1, 1976). "'J‐51' a Way to have Failing Properties". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    171. ↑ Elia, Charles (December 7, 1975). "NYC counted too much on realty tax". Boston Globe. p. C7. ProQuest   747803840.
    172. ↑ "Follow‐Up on The News". The New York Times. May 23, 1976. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    173. ↑ "Metropolitan Briefs: Albanian, 111, Gets Citizenship State Announces Aid Distribution Fire Damages Albany City Hall State Gets First Road-Safety Funds Royal Manhattan Hotel Is Sold From the Police Blotter". The New York Times. December 26, 1975. p. 35. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   120235701.
    174. 1 2 "Valuation in NYC May Drop". Ithaca Journal. February 3, 1976. p. 5. ProQuest   2041587682.
    175. ↑ Kaiser, Charles (February 3, 1976). "Total Realty Value Shows a Drop Here, First in 33 Years". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    176. ↑ Kaiser, Charles (June 15, 1976). "New York City Tax Base Drops to $38,827 Billion". The New York Times. p. 31. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   122931572.
    177. ↑ Friedman, Jane (September 9, 1979). "The Shadowy Figure in Israel's Knesset". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    178. ↑ Oser, Alan S. (July 28, 1976). "About Real Estate: Royal Manhattan in New Hands". The New York Times. p. 63. ISSN   0362-4331. ProQuest   122895696.
    179. 1 2 "Equipment Put on Sale At the Manhattan Hotel". The New York Times. July 22, 1976. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    180. ↑ King, Martin (July 21, 1976). "Unfinished business at hotel". Daily News. New York. p. 315. ProQuest   2302568583.
    181. 1 2 3 4 Goodwin, Michael (August 8, 1978). "Investment Group‐Said to Buy Royal Manhattan Hotel". The New York Times. p. B4. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
    182. ↑ King, Martin (September 23, 1980). "New face for W. Side hotel, street". Daily News. New York. p. 54. ProQuest   2303760766.
    183. ↑ Drain, Heather (October 21, 2016). "Radley Metzger's Barbara Broadcast – Notes From The Backroom". Paracinema.com. Archived from the original on April 8, 2019. Retrieved February 21, 2016.
    184. ↑ Fowler, Glenn (June 18, 1979). "Restoration of Times Sq. Moving Closer to Reality". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 30, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    185. 1 2 Carberry, James; Hertzberg, Daniel (August 20, 1980). "West Side Story: New York Plans Renewal of Sleazy Times Square; but the Planning Stage is About as Far as It Gets". The Wall Street Journal. p. 40. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   134477869.
    186. ↑ Horsley, Carter B. (April 15, 1979). "Eighth Ave. Heading For Better Times". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 3, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    187. 1 2 "Personal Appearances: Tax Abatement Cues $4.5 Revamp For N.Y. Royal Manhattan Hotel". Variety. Vol. 296, no. 10. October 10, 1979. p. 143. ProQuest   1286124957.
    188. 1 2 "Personal Appearance: Milford Plaza To Be New Hotel On Manhattan Site". Variety. Vol. 298, no. 12. April 23, 1980. p. 81. ProQuest   1438297960.
    189. ↑ Fields, Larry (January 8, 1980). "Here Comes Judge—Late". Philadelphia Daily News. p. 21. ProQuest   2069265375.
    190. 1 2 Culwell-Block, Logan (August 18, 2000). "Broadway Hotel," Milford Plaza Celebrates 20 Years in Business". Playbill. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    191. ↑ Donovan, Roxanne (August 9, 1990). "Ad is music to Milford Plaza's ears". Daily News. New York. p. 179. ProQuest   2317571090.
    192. ↑ "Milford Plaza marks happy fifth birthday". Daily News. New York. August 1, 1985. p. 12. ProQuest   2304535435.
    193. 1 2 "Architecture View; Redeveloping New York". The New York Times. December 23, 1979. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 17, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    194. ↑ McDowell, Edwin (September 14, 1980). "The New Hotels: 6,000 Rms., $56–$170 Dbl. Occ.; New York's Flock of New Hotels New York's New Hotels". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    195. ↑ "Growing Big Apple Tourism Yields New Crop of Hotels". The Wall Street Journal. May 23, 1988. p. B13. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   135300041.
    196. 1 2 "Milstein Opens Throttle as Builder". The New York Times. October 18, 1981. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 22, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    197. ↑ Oser, Alan S. (October 15, 1980). "Real Estate; Clientele Shifting at City Hotels". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    198. ↑ Clendinen, Dudley (September 28, 1980). "City Thrives on Alien Horde; Some Come to Shop". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    199. ↑ Fowler, Glenn (December 14, 1980). "Despite Recession, City's Hotels Had a Strong Year; A Swirl of People". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    200. 1 2 Coakley, Michael (June 7, 1981). "Six New New York Hotels: Luxury Hostelries Add Polish to Big Apple 6 New Hotels Add Polish to the Big Apple". Chicago Tribune. p. K1. ProQuest   172395387.
    201. ↑ Pulley, Brett (January 12, 1996). "2 Win by Not Quitting 42d Street;Milstein Brothers at Last Get In on Renewal Plan". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 1, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    202. ↑ "Cinema Projects Shoots "Lullabuy" For Milford Plaza Spot". Back Stage. Vol. 23, no. 25. June 18, 1982. p. 42. ProQuest   962796565.
    203. 1 2 Pavia, Will (August 16, 2022). "Migrants to US will be soothed by the Lullaby of Broadway in New York's Row Hotel". The Times. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    204. ↑ Ford, Tom (July 20, 1998). "Browns may be just a start". Crain's Cleveland Business. Vol. 19, no. 29. p. 1. ProQuest   198606086.
    205. ↑ Fabricant, Florence (January 12, 1994). "Off the Menu". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    206. 1 2 Prewitt, Milford (January 24, 1994). "Mamma Leone's closes, shops for new quarters". Nation's Restaurant News. Vol. 28, no. 4. p. 4. ProQuest   229277866.
    207. ↑ "New Yorkers & Company". The New York Times. September 4, 1994. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    208. ↑ Kamen, Robin (August 7, 1995). "Tourist hotels do first-class business". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 11, no. 32. p. 1. ProQuest   219180426.
    209. ↑ "Travel Advisory Hotels Conversion Machines". The Globe and Mail. March 19, 1997. p. D.4. ProQuest   384737890.
    210. ↑ Zink, Jack (September 8, 1996). "New York, New York the Great White Way Leaves Its Dark Ages Behind to Again Draw Strollers, Noshers – and Theatergoers". Sun Sentinel. p. 1.j. ProQuest   388625068.
    211. ↑ Kanter, Larry (November 29, 1999). "New Yorker hotel resorts to franchise". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 15, no. 48. p. 3. ProQuest   219156846.
    212. ↑ Bagli, Charles V. (May 24, 2000). "A Family Dynasty Turns Against Itself". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    213. 1 2 Herman, Eric (August 8, 2000). "Bank Latest Front in Milstein Battle". Daily News. New York. p. 36. ProQuest   305586152.
    214. ↑ Bagli, Charles V. (March 30, 2001). "Metro Business Briefing; Milstein Partnership Dissolved". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    215. ↑ Herman, Eric (March 30, 2001). "Milsteins Say Family Biz Kaput". Daily News. New York. p. 40. ProQuest   305669355.
    216. ↑ Bagli, Charles V. (April 19, 2001). "Times Sq. Sale Is Latest Chapter in Milstein Feud". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    217. ↑ Pristin, Terry (October 3, 2001). "Seymour Milstein, City Real Estate Magnate, Dies at 81". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    218. ↑ Bagli, Charles V. (February 15, 2002). "Uncertain Times Send Hotel Business Reeling". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    219. ↑ Herman, Eric (December 25, 2002). "Milstein Buildings Set to Go on the Block". Daily News. New York. p. 57. ProQuest   305769606.
    220. ↑ Cuozzo, Steve (April 16, 2003). "Milsteins Bury the Hatchet & Make Nice". p. 31. ProQuest   334199183.
    221. ↑ Bagli, Charles V. (April 16, 2003). "Wealthy Real Estate Family Settles Decade-Long Feud". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
    222. ↑ McGeehan, Patrick (September 15, 2009). "Milford Plaza Will Close for Renovation". City Room. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    223. ↑ "Milford Plaza closing for renovations". Crain's New York Business. September 16, 2009. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
    224. ↑ "Milford Plaza closing for renovations – ABC7 New York – ABC7 New York". ABC7 New York. November 23, 2021. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    225. 1 2 "Milford Plaza renovation put on hold". Crain's New York Business. March 12, 2010. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
    226. ↑ "Milford Plaza renovation put on hold". Crain's New York Business. March 12, 2010. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    227. ↑ "Milstein Family to Sell Milford Plaza for $200M". GlobeSt. September 27, 2010. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    228. ↑ Wei, Lingling (September 27, 2010). "New Song for Milford Plaza Hotel". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    229. ↑ "More Occupancies, More Deals". The Wall Street Journal. January 24, 2011. ISSN   0099-9660. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
    230. 1 2 Clausing, Jeri (November 30, 2010). "New owners plan renovation of NYC's Milford Plaza". travelweekly.com. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    231. 1 2 Geiger, Daniel (May 20, 2013). "Winning teams". Crain's New York Business. Vol. 29, no. 20. p. 13. ProQuest   1354232240.
    232. ↑ "Milford Hotel $325M deal reflects growing appeal of hotel investments". The Real Deal New York. March 25, 2013. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    233. ↑ "Divide and Conquer in Manhattan". The Wall Street Journal. February 19, 2013. ISSN   0099-9660. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    234. ↑ Trefethen, Sarah (March 13, 2013). "Sale of Milford Hotel land fetches $325M". Real Estate Weekly. Archived from the original on November 23, 2021. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    235. 1 2 Melouney, Carmel (March 25, 2013). "Short Stays, Strong Returns". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660. Archived from the original on September 25, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
    236. ↑ Geiger, Daniel (March 11, 2013). "5 years after Bear Stearns' bust: A rising wave of sliced, diced and securitized mortgages is again helping fuel the market" (PDF). Crain's New York Business. Vol. 29, no. 10. p. 1. ProQuest   1317629491. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
    237. ↑ Samtani, Hiten (July 22, 2013). "Joe Sitt Real Estate | Milford Plaza Hotel Sold". The Real Deal New York. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    238. ↑ Schram, Lauren Elkies (April 8, 2014). "Thor Equities Closes $64M Milford Retail Purchase from Highgate". Commercial Observer. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    239. 1 2 Rebong, Kevin (April 14, 2022). "Thor Equities Loses Row NYC Hotel Retail to Foreclosure". The Real Deal New York. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    240. ↑ Ghigliotty, Damian (May 22, 2014). "Goldman Sachs Lends on Row NYC Retail Space". Commercial Observer. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    241. ↑ Schlanger, Danielle (March 11, 2015). "Times Square's City Kitchen By The Numbers". Commercial Observer. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    242. ↑ Casey, Nell (March 6, 2015). "Haute Food Court City Kitchen Now Open In Times Square". Gothamist. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    243. ↑ Schram, Lauren Elkies (April 30, 2015). "Thor Equities' Retail Condo at Row NYC Hotel Hits the Market". Commercial Observer. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    244. ↑ Bockmann, Rich (February 28, 2019). "Highgate-led partnership shopping Midtown's huge Row hotel for sale". The Real Deal New York. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    245. ↑ Waqar, Ayesha (March 1, 2019). "Report: NYC hotel on the market with $220M asking price". S&P Global Market Intelligence. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    246. ↑ Putzier, Konrad (February 19, 2020). "Defaults Are Rising in Sluggish New York City Hotel Market". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN   0099-9660. Archived from the original on December 7, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2022.
    247. ↑ Levere, Jane L. (October 19, 2021). "Hotels Ponder a Puzzling Future". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 16, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
    248. 1 2 Modi, Priyanka (September 20, 2022). "Wells Fargo Files to Foreclose on David Werner at Row Hotel". The Real Deal New York. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    249. ↑ "Wells Fargo Sues To Foreclose NYC Hotel's $275M Mortgage". Law360. September 20, 2022. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    250. ↑ Rebong, Kevin (August 16, 2022). "Row NYC Hotel Poised to House Migrants". The Real Deal New York. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    251. 1 2 Zraick, Karen (March 23, 2023). "How Manhattan Hotels Became Refuges for Thousands of Migrants". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 17, 2023.
    252. ↑ Garcia, Deanna (October 12, 2022). "City to open center to serve asylum seeker families". Spectrum News NY1 New York City. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
    253. ↑ Greenberg, Rebecca (January 13, 2023). "Migrants clash with NYC hotel staff over use of hot plates". Spectrum News NY1 New York City. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
    254. ↑ Thorne, Kristin (January 10, 2023). "Workers at migrant hotel in Midtown tell Eyewitness News about safety, health concerns". ABC7 New York. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
    255. ↑ Chase, W. Parker (1983) [1932]. New York, the Wonder City. New York: New York Bound. p. 138. ISBN   978-0-9608788-2-6. OCLC   9946323. Archived from the original on April 18, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2022.
    256. ↑ Chappell, George S. (February 25, 1928). "The Sky Line: Temples of Commerce". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on December 8, 2022. Retrieved December 8, 2022.
    257. ↑ Busch, Niven Jr. (January 19, 1929). "Skybinder". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on December 8, 2022. Retrieved December 8, 2022.
    258. ↑ Lee, Madeline (November 30, 1980). "Affordable New York: Rooms Under $50: The big city hotels are well beyond that level, but the visitor can still find good value". Newsday. p. F3. ProQuest   1002834650.
    259. ↑ Wolfberg, Elias (October 16, 2002). "Times Square Makes Room For Eclectic Luxury Hotel". Newsday. p. A43. ProQuest   279633206.
    260. ↑ Davis, William A. (April 2, 1989). "Reservations included // Hotel guidebook surveys experienced voyagers for candid comments". Austin American Statesman. p. E18. ProQuest   255911794.
    261. ↑ Greenberg, Peter S. (February 17, 1985). "Hotel Bath Wars Suds Up for Guests". Los Angeles Times. p. F6. ProQuest   154080603.
    262. 1 2 Margolick, David (September 20, 1991). "At the Bar; Nursing a bruise from a New York basher, a New York hotel decides to bash back". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
    263. ↑ Bastidas, Grace. "Milford Plaza". New York. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.

    Sources

    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.