Bismuth titanate

Bi₁₂TiO₂₀

Bi12TiO20 crystal [1]
Bi12TiO20 crystal structure [2]
Names
Other names Bismuth titanium oxide, dodecabismuth titanate [3]
Identifiers
CAS Number	12441-73-5  Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	27472572  Y
PubChem CID	56846075
InChI InChI=1S/12Bi.20O.Ti Key: LIHXTGNDEGWZNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES O=[Ti]=O.O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O.O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O.O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O.O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O.O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O.O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O
Properties
Chemical formula	Bi12TiO20
Molar mass	2875.62
Odor	odorless
Density	9.03 g/cm3 [2]
Melting point	875 °C (1,607 °F; 1,148 K) Decomposes to Bi4Ti3O12 and Bi2O3 [4]
Solubility in water	insoluble
Structure
Crystal structure	body-centered cubic, cI66 [4] [2]
Space group	I23, No. 197
Related compounds
Other cations	Bismuth silicon oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂

Bi4Ti3O12 crystal structure [5]
Names
Other names Bismuth titanium oxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	12010-77-4  Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	10637934  Y
EC Number	234-564-6
PubChem CID	138395175
InChI InChI=1S/4Bi.12O.3Ti/q4*+3;12*-2;3*+4 Key: LEVGIWAPKXUVTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3]
Properties
Chemical formula	Bi4Ti3O12
Molar mass	1171.5
Odor	odorless
Density	7.95 g/cm3 [5]
Solubility in water	insoluble
Band gap	3.5 eV
Structure
Crystal structure	Orthorhombic, oS76 [5]
Space group	Aba2, No. 41
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Bi₂Ti₂O₇

Identifiers
CAS Number	12010-68-3  Y 12048-51-0 11115-71-2
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	145402  Y
EC Number	234-986-0
PubChem CID	165913
InChI InChI=1S/2Bi.7O.2Ti/q2*+3;7*-2;2*+4 Key: VDESGIACEFVDCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Bi+3].[Bi+3]
Properties
Chemical formula	Bi2O7Ti2
Molar mass	625.688 g·mol−1
Odor	odorless
Solubility in water	insoluble
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Bismuth titanate or bismuth titanium oxide is a solid inorganic compound of bismuth, titanium and oxygen with the chemical formula of Bi₁₂TiO₂₀, Bi ₄Ti₃O₁₂ or Bi₂Ti₂O₇.

Synthesis

Bismuth titanate ceramics can be produced by heating a mixture of bismuth and titanium oxides. Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ forms at 730–850 °C, and melts when the temperature is raised above 875 °C, decomposing in the melt to Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ and Bi₂O₃. ^[4] Millimeter-sized single crystals of Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ can be grown by the Czochralski process, from the molten phase at 880–900 °C. ^[1]

Properties and applications

Bismuth titanates exhibit electrooptical effect and photorefractive effect, that is, a reversible change in the refractive index under applied electric field or illumination, respectively. Consequently, they have potential applications in reversible recording media for real-time holography or image processing applications. ^{[4] [1]}

See also

• Bismuth germanate
• Sillénite

References

1. Shen, Chuanying; Zhang, Huaijin; Zhang, Yuanyuan; Xu, Honghao; Yu, Haohai; Wang, Jiyang; Zhang, Shujun (2014). "Orientation and Temperature Dependence of Piezoelectric Properties for Sillenite-Type Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ and Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ Single Crystals". Crystals. 4 (2): 141. Bibcode:2014Cryst...4..141S. doi: 10.3390/cryst4020141 .
2. Efendiev, Sh. M.; Kulieva, T. Z.; Lomonov, V. A.; Chiragov, M. I.; Grandolfo, M.; Vecchia, P. (1982). "Crystal Structure of Bismuth Titanium Oxide Bi₁₂TiO₂₀". Physica Status Solidi A. 74 (1): K17 –K21. Bibcode:1982PSSAR..74...17E. doi:10.1002/pssa.2210740148.
3. Yaws, Carl L. (2015). The Yaws Handbook of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Chemicals: Physical Properties for More Than 54,000 Organic and Inorganic Chemical Compounds, Coverage for C1 to C100 Organics and Ac to Zr Inorganics. Elsevier Science. p. 698. ISBN   978-0-12-801146-1.
4. Santos, D. J.; Barbosa, L. B.; Silva, R. S.; MacEdo, Z. S. (2013). "Fabrication and Electrical Characterization of Translucent Bi₁₂TiO₂₀ Ceramics". Advances in Condensed Matter Physics. 2013: 1–7. doi: 10.1155/2013/536754 .
5. Van Uitert, L. G.; Egerton, L. (1961). "Bismuth Titanate. A Ferroelectric". Journal of Applied Physics. 32 (5): 959. Bibcode:1961JAP....32..959V. doi:10.1063/1.1736142.