CCIR System L is an analog broadcast television system used in France, Luxembourg, Monaco and Chausey. [1] [2] [3] It was the last system to use positive video modulation and AM sound. [3]
Initially adopted in the 1970s and associated with the SECAM color system (SECAM-L), it was discontinued in 2011, when France transitioned to Digital Video Broadcasting.
The main System L specifications are listed below. [4] [1] [5]
Television channels were arranged as follows: [6] [7]
| Channel | Video carrier (MHz) | Audio carrier (MHz) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 47.75 | 41.25 |
| 2 | 55.75 | 49.25 |
| 3 | 60.50 | 54.00 |
| 4 | 63.75 | 57.25 |
| 5 | 176.00 | 182.50 |
| 6 | 184.00 | 190.50 |
| 7 | 192.00 | 198.50 |
| 8 | 200.00 | 206.50 |
| 9 | 208.00 | 214.50 |
| 10 | 216.00 | 222.50 |
| Channel | Video carrier (MHz) | Audio carrier (MHz) |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | 471.25 | 477.75 |
| 22 | 479.25 | 485.75 |
| 23 | 487.25 | 493.75 |
| 24 | 495.25 | 501.75 |
| 25 | 503.25 | 509.75 |
| 26 | 511.25 | 517.75 |
| 27 | 519.25 | 525.75 |
| 28 | 527.25 | 533.75 |
| 29 | 535.25 | 541.75 |
| 30 | 543.25 | 549.75 |
| 31 | 551.25 | 557.75 |
| 32 | 559.25 | 565.75 |
| 33 | 567.25 | 573.75 |
| 34 | 575.25 | 581.75 |
| 35 | 583.25 | 589.75 |
| 36 | 591.25 | 597.75 |
| 37 | 599.25 | 605.75 |
| 38 | 607.25 | 613.75 |
| 39 | 615.25 | 621.75 |
| 40 | 623.25 | 629.75 |
| 41 | 631.25 | 637.75 |
| 42 | 639.25 | 645.75 |
| 43 | 647.25 | 653.75 |
| 44 | 655.25 | 661.75 |
| 45 | 663.25 | 669.75 |
| 46 | 671.25 | 677.75 |
| 47 | 679.25 | 685.75 |
| 48 | 687.25 | 693.75 |
| 49 | 695.25 | 701.75 |
| 50 | 703.25 | 709.75 |
| 51 | 711.25 | 717.75 |
| 52 | 719.25 | 725.75 |
| 53 | 727.25 | 733.75 |
| 54 | 735.25 | 741.75 |
| 55 | 743.25 | 749.75 |
| 56 | 751.25 | 757.75 |
| 57 | 759.25 | 765.75 |
| 58 | 767.25 | 773.75 |
| 59 | 775.25 | 781.75 |
| 60 | 783.25 | 789.75 |
| 61 | 791.25 | 797.75 |
| 62 | 799.25 | 805.75 |
| 63 | 807.25 | 813.75 |
| 64 | 815.25 | 821.75 |
| 65 | 823.25 | 829.75 |
| 66 | 831.25 | 837.75 |
| 67 | 839.25 | 845.75 |
| 68 | 847.25 | 853.75 |
| 69 | 855.25 | 861.75 |
Analog television is the original television technology that uses analog signals to transmit video and audio. In an analog television broadcast, the brightness, colors and sound are represented by amplitude, phase and frequency of an analog signal.
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analog television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I or K. The articles on analog broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.
Broadcasttelevision systems are the encoding or formatting systems for the transmission and reception of terrestrial television signals.
Near Instantaneous Companded Audio Multiplex (NICAM) is an early form of lossy compression for digital audio. It was originally developed in the early 1970s for point-to-point links within broadcasting networks. In the 1980s, broadcasters began to use NICAM compression for transmissions of stereo TV sound to the public.
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Multiplexed Analogue Components (MAC) was an analog television standard where luminance and chrominance components were transmitted separately. This was an evolution from older color TV systems where there was interference between chrominance and luminance.
The 405-line monochrome analogue television broadcasting system was the first fully electronic television system to be used in regular broadcasting. The number of television lines influences the image resolution, or quality of the picture.
819-line was an analog monochrome TV system developed and used in France as television broadcast resumed after World War II. Transmissions started in 1949 and were active up to 1985, although limited to France, Belgium and Luxembourg. It is associated with CCIR System E and F.
CCIR System M, sometimes called 525–line, NTSC, NTSC-M, or CCIR-M, is the analog broadcast television system approved by the FCC for use in the United States since July 1, 1941, replacing the 441-line TV system introduced in 1938. It is also known as EIA standard 170. System M comprises a total of 525 interlaced lines of video, of which 486 contain the image information, at 30 frames per second. Video is amplitude modulated and audio is frequency modulated, with a total bandwidth of 6 MHz for each channel, including a guard band.
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CCIR System G, also known as the "Gerber Standard", is an analog broadcast television system used in sixty countries around the world for UHF channels. System G is generally associated with System B for VHF.
CCIR System H is an analog broadcast television system used in Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Malta, Slovenia and Liberia on UHF bands, paired with System B on VHF. It was associated with PAL colour.
CCIR System A was the 405-line analog broadcast television system adopted in the UK and Ireland. System A service started in 1936 and was discontinued in 1985.
CCIR System I is an analogue broadcast television system. It was first used in the Republic of Ireland starting in December 1961 as the 625-line broadcasting standard to be used on VHF Band I and Band III, sharing Band III with 405-line System A signals radiated in the north and east of the country. The Republic of Ireland slowly extended its use of System I onto the UHF bands.
CCIR System E is an analog broadcast television system used in France and Monaco, associated with monochrome 819-line high resolution broadcasts. Transmissions started in 1949 and ended in 1985.
CCIR System N is an analog broadcast television system introduced in 1951 and adopted by Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay, paired with the PAL color system (PAL-N) since 1980.
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CCIR System D is an analog broadcast television system used in Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Albania and the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, Kyrgyzstan, North Korea, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus paired with the PAL/SECAM colour.
CCIR System C is an analog broadcast television system used between 1953 and 1978 in Belgium, Italy, Netherlands and Luxembourg as a compromise between Systems B and L. Used on VHF only.