Cuddalore district

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Cuddalore district
District of Tamil Nadu
A view of Nataraja Shiva Temple at Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu.jpg
Indien Tamil Nadu Cuddalore Old Town Boats.jpg
Rice field in ganapathikurichi 2014-05-29 23-35.jpg
Annamalai University gate , chidambaram.jpg
Pichavaram 1.jpg
Top: Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram, Boats in Cuddalore
Mid: Fields in Ganapathikurichi, Gate of Annamalai University
Bottom: Mangroves in Pichavaram
Cuddalore in Tamil Nadu (India).svg
Location in Tamil Nadu
Cuddalore district
Cuddalore district
Coordinates: 11°45′0″N79°45′0″E / 11.75000°N 79.75000°E / 11.75000; 79.75000
Country Flag of India.svg  India
State TamilNadu Logo.svg Tamil Nadu
Headquarters Cuddalore
Taluks Bhuvanagiri,
Cuddalore,
Chidambaram,
Kattumannarkoil,
kurinjipadi,
Panruti,
Titakudi,
Srimushnam,
Veppur,
Vriddachalam
Government
 •  District Collector Sibi Adhithya Senthil Kumar, I.A.S, [1] IAS
 •  Superintendent of Police S. Sakthi Ganesan, [2] IPS
Population
 (2011)
 • Total2,605,914
 • Density702/km2 (1,820/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Tamil, English
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
607xxx
Telephone code91 04142
ISO 3166 code ISO 3166-2:IN
Vehicle registration TN-31, TN-91 [3]
Largest city Cuddalore
Nearest city Pondicherry, Chennai
Sex ratio 984 ♂/♀
Literacy79.04%
Legislature typeelected
Vidhan Sabha constituency Cuddalore
Avg. summer temperature41 °C (106 °F)
Avg. winter temperature20 °C (68 °F)
Website cuddalore.nic.in

Cuddalore District is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India.

Contents

History

Since ancient times, the old town has been a seaport. Through the centuries, Cuddalore has been subject to a number of foreign powers including the Netherlands, Portugal, France and more recently, the British. In the 1600s, the French and English came to Cuddalore for trade and business. The French established a settlement at Pondicherry and the British at Cuddalore. The French and English, while engaged in the Seven Years' War, fought the naval Battle of Cuddalore on 29 April 1758. It was an indecisive battle between a British squadron, under Vice-Admiral George Pocock and a French squadron, under Comte d'Aché and the newly appointed Governor General Comte Thomas Lally. Cuddalore surrendered to French troops on 29 April 1758.[ citation needed ]

From 1789 to 1794, there was further unrest in Cuddalore due to the War of American Independence and the Second Anglo-Mysore War culminating in the siege of Cuddalore, after which the town was returned to Britain as part of a peace treaty. In 1782, during the Second Anglo Mysore war, the French troops allied with Tipu Sultan and won over the British, after which Cuddalore became a chief port against the French. In 1783, General James Stuart (1735–1793) led his troops to fend off French troops. There were five different naval actions off the coast during the same year, all of which were indecisive.[ citation needed ]

Some streets in Cuddalore retain British names such as Clive Street, Wellington Street, Sloper Street, Canning Street, Rope Street (Rope Street, Wellington Street, Sloper Street and Canning Street jointly known as Salangukara Village), Lawrence Road and Imperial Road. The Cuddalore Central Prison, opened in 1865, is an historically important landmark. Subramanya Bharathi and other political leaders served prison terms there.[ citation needed ]

Cuddalore district is prone to natural calamities having experienced landfalls of major cyclones formed in the Bay of Bengal region. Apart from the cyclones, 2004 Tsunami caused massive damages to life and property in Cuddalore and its adjacent Nagapattinam district. Cyclone Thane, which made landfall here, caused major loss to life and property.

Tsunami waves that followed the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake near Sumatra hit the eastern coast of India on 26 December 2004 at 08:32 am, resulting in 572 casualties. Several fishing hamlets disappeared, while Silver Beach and the historically important Cuddalore Port were devastated. Fort St. David survived without damage. In 2012, Cyclone Thane caused widespread damage to crops and buildings. [4]

Cuddalore district was among those most severely affected by the 2015 South India floods. Six of the district's 13 blocks suffered extensive damage during the floods in November. The resumption of heavy rainfall from 1 December once again inundated the Cuddalore municipality and the district, displacing tens of thousands of people. Rains continued through 9 December. Despite the state government and individuals sending rescue teams and tonnes of relief materials to the district, thousands of those affected continued to lack basic supplies due to inadequate distribution efforts; this resulted in several relief lorries being stopped and looted by survivors. Large swaths of Cuddalore city and the district remained inundated as of 10 December, with thousands of residents marooned by floodwaters and over 60,000 hectares (150,000 acres; 600,000,000 m2) of farmland inundated; over 30,000 people had been evacuated to relief camps.[ citation needed ]

Geography

The district has an area of 3,564 km2. It is bounded on the north by Viluppuram District and Kallakurichi district, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the northeast by Puducherry district of the union territory Puducherry, on the south by Mayiladuthurai district, on the west by Perambalur District and by a small part with Thanjavur district. The district is drained by Gadilam and Ponnaiyar rivers in the north, Vellar and Kollidam River (Coleroon) in the south.[ citation needed ]

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Cuddalore one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). [5] It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). [5]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901868,748—    
1911974,673+1.16%
1921957,148−0.18%
19311,012,603+0.56%
19411,076,237+0.61%
19511,145,551+0.63%
19611,300,513+1.28%
19711,569,323+1.90%
19811,827,917+1.54%
19912,122,759+1.51%
20012,285,395+0.74%
20112,605,914+1.32%
source: [6]

Languages of Cuddalore district (2011) [7]

   Tamil (97.59%)
   Telugu (0.96%)
  Others (1.45%)
Religions in Cuddalore district (2011) [8]
ReligionPercent
Hinduism
 
94.78%
Islam
 
2.75%
Christianity
 
2.20%
Other or not stated
 
0.27%

According to 2011 census, Cuddalore district had a population of 2,605,914 with a sex-ratio of 987 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. 33.97% of the population lived in urban areas. [9] A total of 279,950 were under the age of six, constituting 147,644 males and 132,306 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 29.32% and 0.6% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the district was 79%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. [9] The district had a total of 635,578 households. There were a total of 1,169,880 workers, comprising 136,035 cultivators, 325,599 main agricultural labourers, 19,151 in house hold industries, 356,486 other workers, 332,609 marginal workers, 29,135 marginal cultivators, 213,813 marginal agricultural labourers, 12,876 marginal workers in household industries and 76,785 other marginal workers. [10] The district has a population density of 702 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,820/sq mi). [11]

At the time of the 2011 census, 97.59% of the population spoke Tamil and 0.96% Telugu as their first language. [7]

Politics

Source: [12] [13]
DistrictNo.ConstituencyNamePartyAllianceRemarks
Cuddalore 151 Tittakudi C. V. Ganesan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
152 Vriddhachalam R. Radhakrishnan Indian National Congress SPA
153 Neyveli Saba Rajendran Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
154 Panruti T. Velmurugan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (TVK) SPA
155 Cuddalore G. Iyappan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
156 Kurinjipadi M. R. K. Panneerselvam Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam SPA
157 Bhuvanagiri A. Arunmozhithevan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None
158 Chidambaram K. A. Pandian All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam None
159 Kattumannarkoil (SC) M. Sinthanai Selvan Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi SPA

Divisions

Cuddalore District comprises 10 taluks, 13 Blocks, 1 Municipal corporation 6 Municipalities and 16 Town Panchayats.[ citation needed ]

Municipal corporation

Municipality

Town Panchayat

Taluks

Revenue block

Revenue Blocks - CUD CUD-Rev-B.png
Revenue Blocks - CUD

Revenue division

Urban centres

Cuddalore district consists of the following urban regions (cities):

Agriculture

Important crops grown in the district include paddy, sugarcane, groundnut, cumbu, maize, cashew, pulses (Blackgram and Greengram), tapioca, jackfruit, guava and brinjal. The most important cash crop of the district is cashew. Sugarcane is the next most important cash crop of the District (Cuddalore is also known as the Sugarbowl of Tamil Nadu). Many cashew processing units are located in Panrutiblocks. EID Parry, located in Nellikuppam, near Cuddalore, undertakes most of the sugarcane-related procurement and processing from the growers and is supplied to some other mills and mill towns located in the district, such as Moongilthuraipattu and Thirupathur. [14] [15]

Tourist attractions

Pichavaram Pichavaram mangrove forest panorama.jpg
Pichavaram
Pichavaram Forest Pichavaram 1.jpg
Pichavaram Forest
Silver beach Silver Beach photo.jpg
Silver beach
Pataleeshwarar temple Pataleeswarar Temple, Cuddalore (15966262253).jpg
Pataleeshwarar temple
Chidambaram Natarajar Temple Chidambaram (3).jpg
Chidambaram Natarajar Temple
Devanathaswamy temple Devanathaswamytemple (6).jpg
Devanathaswamy temple

Villages

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuddalore</span> City in Tamil Nadu, India

Cuddalore, also spelt as Kadalur, is an heavy industries hub and a port city, and headquarters of the Cuddalore District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Situated south of Chennai, Cuddalore was an important city and port during the British Raj.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chidambaram</span> Town in Tamil Nadu

Chidambaram is a major town and municipality in Cuddalore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, on the banks of the Vellar River where it meets the Bay of Bengal. It is the headquarters of the Chidambaram taluk. The town is believed to be of significant antiquity and has been ruled, at different times, by the Pallavas until ninth century, Medieval Cholas, Later Cholas, Later Pandyas, Vijayanagara Empire, Thanjavur Nayakas, Marathas and the British. The town is known for the Thillai Nataraja Temple and Thillai Kali Temple, and the annual chariot festival held in the months of December–January and June to July. One of the Divya Desams Divya Sri Govindaraja Perumal Temple (Thiruchitrakoodam) is a part of Thillai Nataraja Temple complex. Thiruvetkalam Shiva Temple, Vadakiruppu, Thirunelvayil Shiva Temple, Sivapuri and Tirukkazhippalai Palvannanathar Temple are the other three ancient Shiva temples in the region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Panruti</span> Town in Tamil Nadu, India

Panruti is a town, municipality and taluk headquarters of Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. Panruti is located between Cuddalore and Neyveli. Panruti is famous for jackfruits and cashew nuts. The jackfruit grown here is exported worldwide and is very sweet. It is a business capital of Cuddalore district. Kananchavadi one of the villages in panruti taluk, famous for palm juice. It has been a great commercial area for more than 200 years. The name Panruti came from the Tamil words "Pann" and "Urutti" meaning "composing song and music", as the place is where many saints and great religious singers such as nayanmars and vainavas sung. A 150-year-old government school was built here by the British East India Company and a more-than-1000-year-old temple Veerattaneswarar temple is nearby in Thiruvathigai. As of 2011, the town had a population of 60,323.

Kattumannarkoil is a panchayat town and taluk headquarters in Cuddalore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Kattumannarkoil Town Panchayat constituted in 1892. The town is coming under the administrative territory of Cuddalore District. The town extends over an area of 19.425 km2. The town is situated along 25 km South West of Chidambaram and lies on the Chidambaram - Coimbatore Highway and 25 km East of Srimushnam and a similar distance north-east of Gangaikonda Cholapuram. The Place is considered as the birthplace of one of the great Vaishnavate Acharya Nathamuni and Yamunacharya. As Lord Vishnu came here as King ‘Mannan’ to hold the hand of Mahalakshmi; and later asked Nathamunigal to share the Divya Prabandham and the Vaishnava Sampradayam to the world at large, he was referred to as ‘ Kattum – Mannan – Aanaar’ and the town later became Kattu Mannar. The place historic name was Veeranarayanapuram.

Kurinjipadi is a taluk in Cuddalore district in the India, state of Tamil Nadu.

Nellikuppam is a town and a municipality in Cuddalore city Corporation in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, the town had a population of 46,678.

Srimushnam is a town panchayat, and the headquarters of Srimushnam taluk, in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. The town is sacred to Hindus and Buddhists. It is one of the eight Svayam Vyakta Ksetras of Vaishnavism, and is known for Bhu Varaha Swamy temple, which is dedicated to Varaha, the boar-avatar of Vishnu, and his consort, Lakshmi. The Bhuvaraha temple has been visited by Madhva saint Sri Vadiraja Tirtha in sixteenth century and is written in his work Tirtha Prabandha. Jagadguru Madhvacharya visited Bhuvaraha temple many times and took even Chaturmasya deeksha here. During his Chaturmasya deeksha he created a Dhanda Tirtha, a pond with stick which can be seen even today.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vadalur</span> Town in Tamil Nadu, India

Vadalur is a town and 2nd-grade municipality in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu. It is 208 km (129 mi) from Chennai, the state capital of Tamil Nadu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Virudhachalam</span> Municipality in Tamil Nadu, India

Virudhachalam, also called Vriddhachalam, is a Municipality and taluk headquarters in Cuddalore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The ancient name of this town is Thirumudhukundram. As per the 2011 census, the town had a population of 73,585 of which 37,066 are males while 36,519 are females. Population of children in the ages of 0-6 is 7735 which is 10.51 % of the total population. The Virudhagiriswarar temple dedicated to Lord Shiva is located in the heart of town. This is the 41st Devaram Padal Petra Siva Thiruthalam and 9th Thiruthalam in Nadu Naadu(நடுனாடு). Moovar has sung hymns in praise of Lord Siva of this temple. The temple was constructed by one of the Chola Emperors. The famous Kolanjiappar Temple is located 3 km away from the town. Both of them are situated near Cuddalore - Salem highway in Virudhachalam. The temple has been mentioned in the travalogue Tirtha Prabandha written by Madhwa saint Vadiraja tirtharu in sixteenth century.

Vadakkumangudi is a village in Kattumannarkoil taluk, Cuddalore District, in India. It is situated in between Sirkazhi and Chidambaram and 16 km from KattumannarkoilAccording to Census 2011 information the location code or village code of Vadakkumangudi village is 636977. Vadakkumangudi village is located in Kattumannarkoil taluka of Cuddalore district in Tamil Nadu, India. It is situated 30km away from sub-district headquarter Kattumannarkoil and 55km away from district headquarter Cuddalore. As per 2009 stats, Vadakkumangudi village is also a gram panchayat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chidambaram Lok Sabha constituency</span> Lok Sabha constituency in Tamil Nadu

Chidambaram is a Lok Sabha constituency in Tamil Nadu. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 27 of 39. The seat is reserved for scheduled castes. It spread on district of Ariyalur and Cuddalore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vellar River (Northern Tamil Nadu)</span> River in Tamil Nadu, India

The Vellar River is a river in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It originates in the Kalrayan Hills, and flows generally eastward through Salem, Perambalur, and Cuddalore districts, before flowing into the Bay of Bengal near Parangipettai. The river has a total length of 150 kilometres (93 mi), and its drainage basin covers an area of 7,504.346 square kilometres (2,897.444 sq mi) in Cuddalore, Perambalur, Salem, Kallakurichi, Ariyalur, Namakkal, Tiruchirappalli, and Dharmapuri districts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Arcot District (Madras Presidency)</span>

South Arcot District was a district in the Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the area of the present-day districts of Cuddalore, Kallakurichi and Viluppuram in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The district was divided into eight taluks and covered a total area of 13,510 square kilometres (5,217 sq mi). The administrative headquarters was the town of Cuddalore.

Cuddalore is connected to other parts of Tamil Nadu through rail and road networks. Frequent buses run to nearby towns. Roads include:

Vegakkollai is a village panchayat in Panruti (Taluk) of Cuddalore district in Tamil Nadu. Vegakkollai is located 14.9 km distance from its Taluk Main Town Panruti.

Rayanallur village is situated on the banks of the veeranam lake in North Chidambaram town, Cuddalore District in the state of Tamil Nadu.

Sitharasur is a small village panchayat in Panruti Taluk in Cuddalore District in Tamil Nadu, India. Annagramam, Panruti, Palur, Cuddalore, are the nearby towns to Sitharasur. Sitharasur is reachable by Melpattampakkam Railway Station, Panruti Railway Station, and Nellikuppam Railway Station.

Pettai is a village in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, India. Administratively, Parangipettai is under the Chidambaram Taluk of Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu. In the 2011 census 469 people were reported as living in Parangipettai.

Kurinjipadi taluk is a taluk of Cuddalore district of the Indian state of Tamil Naduwith its headquarters as the town of Kurinjipadi. Vadalur is the biggest Town and Municipality in this taluk, and Abiyam pettai is the biggest village in this taluk.

Kullanchavadi is a developed village cum small town along the NH 532 in the Kurinjipadi Taluk in Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu, India. It covers part of Vazhudhalambattu, Ambalavananpettai, Appiyampettai and Agaram Panchayaths. It is located 20 km towards south from district headquarters Cuddalore.

References

  1. ↑ Cuddalore District Collector
  2. ↑ "Welcome to CCTNS Citizen Portal". eservices.tnpolice.gov.in. Retrieved 25 February 2024.
  3. ↑ Registration Series Allotted to Regional Transport Offices Archived 23 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ↑ Ramakrishnan, T. (1 January 2012). "Cuddalore suffers extensive damage". The Hindu. ISSN   0971-751X . Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  5. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  6. ↑ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  7. 1 2 "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu". Census of India . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  8. ↑ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Tamil Nadu". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  9. 1 2 "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  10. ↑ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Cuddalore district". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  11. ↑ "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  12. ↑ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Here's full list of winners". CNBCTV18. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  13. ↑ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Full list of winners". www.indiatvnews.com. 2 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  14. ↑ Agriculture, Tamil Nadu state
  15. ↑ Cuddalore tnrtp.org Archived 28 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine
  16. 1 2 "Tourist attraction in Cuddalore". Cuddalore municipality. 2011. Archived from the original on 23 September 2009. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  17. ↑ "Sri Padaleeswarar temple". Dinamalar. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
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