Karitane

Last updated

Karitane
Town
Karitane Beach Dunedin. (23304729350).jpg
Karitane Beach
Karitane
Coordinates: 45°38′20″S170°39′20″E / 45.63889°S 170.65556°E / -45.63889; 170.65556
CountryNew Zealand
Region Otago
District Dunedin
Community board Waikouaiti Coast Community Board [1]
Electorates
Government
 •  Territorial authority Dunedin City Council
 • Regional council Otago Regional Council
 •  Mayor of Dunedin Jules Radich
 •  Dunedin MP Rachel Brooking
 •  Te Tai Tonga MP Tākuta Ferris
Area
[2]
 • Total1.29 km2 (0.50 sq mi)
Population
 (June 2023) [3]
 • Total430
 • Density330/km2 (860/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+12 (NZST)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+13 (NZDT)
Postcode
9471
Local iwi Ngāi Tahu

The small town of Karitane is located within the limits of the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, 35 kilometres to the north of the city centre.

Contents

Set in rolling country near the mouth of the Waikouaiti River, the town is a popular holiday retreat for Dunedinites.

History

Early history

Waikouaiti River estuary at Karitane; fishing wharf and channel to the Pacific Ocean at right, Matanaka headland at left background. Karitane port.JPG
Waikouaiti River estuary at Karitane; fishing wharf and channel to the Pacific Ocean at right, Matanaka headland at left background.

The site of the present settlement of Karitane includes that of the pre-European Māori kaik, or undefended village. Giant moas were likely to be hunted in the area. [4]

It encompasses Huriawa on the adjacent peninsula, a pā or fortified village, recalled in oral tradition for sieges in the late 17th or early 18th centuries. It was also the site of the whaling station set up by Long, Wright and Richards in 1837. That was known as Waikouaiti, but the name later became transferred to the present township of that name established by Johnny Jones as a farming settlement in 1840, on the north side of the estuary.

Modern history

In 1838 Jones acquired the Karitane whaling station, primarily targeting southern rights and humpbacks, resulting in severe depletion of local populations for these species. After sending pioneers to start his farming settlement he sent a Wesleyan missionary to join them in May 1840. Rev. James Watkin established the first mission station in the South Island. [5] The first Christian service in the South Island took place in Karitane on 17 May, 1840. Watkin set up his mission station at Karitane. He was living there with his wife and children in a purpose-built house by late 1842. In 1867 George O'Brien painted a memorable view looking north from the Karitane waterfront, now in the Otago Settlers Museum, Dunedin.

2021 lead poisoning scare

In early February 2021, high levels of lead (40 times the acceptable level of 0.01mg/L) were detected in Karitane and nearby Waikouaiti's drinking water. The high levels of lead were first detected on 18 December 2020 but the alert was emailed to a Dunedin City Council staff member who was on holiday. [6] [7] In response, Director-General of Health Ashley Bloomfield offered free blood tests to Karitane and Waikouaiti residents. The Dunedin City Council also dispatched water tanks and staff to assist and reassure local residents. [7] Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern described the lead levels in Karitane and Waikouaiti as "unacceptable." [8] On 9 February, the City Council distributed free fruits and vegetables to residents of Karitane, Waikouaiti, and Hawksbury due to concerns about eating crops irrigated with the contaminated water. [9] On 11 February, the Dunedin City Council also confirmed that it would drain a raw water reservoir and replace 5 kilometres of old pipes in order to reassure local residents. [10] By 10 March, the Southern District Health Board confirmed that 1,512 people had been tested, with blood test results indicating that nobody had a blood lead level requiring hospitalisation and that long term exposure to lead from the water supply was limited. [11]

Notable people

Truby King

The name Karitane is often associated with pioneering paediatrician and psychiatrist Sir Truby King, founder of the Plunket Society. The name is echoed in many New Zealand child-related services and products:

Truby King also worked at nearby Seacliff Lunatic Asylum.

Orpheus Beaumont

Orpheus Beaumont, a woman from Karitane who entered and won the international Navy competition to invent the modern life jacket in 1918. [17]

Demographics

Karitane is described by Statistics New Zealand as a rural settlement. It covers 1.29 km2 (0.50 sq mi) [2] and had an estimated population of 430 as of June 2023, [3] with a population density of 333 people per km2. It is part of the much larger Bucklands Crossing statistical area.

Historical population for Karitane
YearPop.±% p.a.
2006348—    
2013363+0.60%
2018405+2.21%
Source: [18]

Karitane had a population of 405 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 42 people (11.6%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 57 people (16.4%) since the 2006 census. There were 192 households, comprising 198 males and 207 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.96 males per female, with 66 people (16.3%) aged under 15 years, 42 (10.4%) aged 15 to 29, 195 (48.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 102 (25.2%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 92.6% European/Pākehā, 11.1% Māori, 0.7% Asian, and 2.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 59.3% had no religion, 28.1% were Christian, 0.7% had Māori religious beliefs, 1.5% were Buddhist and 0.7% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 90 (26.5%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 54 (15.9%) people had no formal qualifications. 72 people (21.2%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 153 (45.1%) people were employed full-time, 60 (17.7%) were part-time, and 3 (0.9%) were unemployed. [18]

Bucklands Crossing

The Bucklands Crossing statistical area, which also includes Warrington, covers 421.96 km2 (162.92 sq mi). [2] It had an estimated population of 1,610 as of June 2023, [19] with a population density of 3.8 people per km2.

Historical population for Bucklands Crossing
YearPop.±% p.a.
20061,230—    
20131,425+2.12%
20181,482+0.79%
Source: [20]

Bucklands Crossing had a population of 1,482 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 57 people (4.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 252 people (20.5%) since the 2006 census. There were 675 households, comprising 753 males and 729 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.03 males per female. The median age was 48.2 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 261 people (17.6%) aged under 15 years, 156 (10.5%) aged 15 to 29, 756 (51.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 309 (20.9%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 93.3% European/Pākehā, 11.7% Māori, 0.8% Pasifika, 1.2% Asian, and 1.8% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 17.2, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 61.1% had no religion, 26.5% were Christian, 0.4% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.2% were Hindu, 0.2% were Muslim, 1.2% were Buddhist and 2.6% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 354 (29.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 210 (17.2%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $32,500, compared with $31,800 nationally. 225 people (18.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 570 (46.7%) people were employed full-time, 231 (18.9%) were part-time, and 30 (2.5%) were unemployed. [20]

Culture

Photograph of rock formations near Puketeraki by Albert Percy Godber Coastal rock formations near Puketeraki, Otago ATLIB 294000.png
Photograph of rock formations near Puketeraki by Albert Percy Godber

Huirapa Marae, also known as Puketeraki Marae, is located in Karitāne. It is a marae (meeting ground) of Ngāi Tahu, including the Kāti Huirapa Rūnanga Ki Puketeraki branch, and includes the Karitāne wharenui (meeting house). [21] [22]

Close to the settlement is the site of Huriawa Pā, which was a major pā (fortification) in pre-European New Zealand. It was set in a strong position on a rocky promontory above the coast.

Education

Karitane School is a co-educational state contributing primary school for Year 1 to 6 students, [23] with a roll of 17 students as of February 2024. [24] A school has existed at Karitane since at least 1892. [25]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otago</span> Region of New Zealand

Otago is a region of New Zealand located in the southern half of the South Island administered by the Otago Regional Council. It has an area of approximately 32,000 square kilometres (12,000 sq mi), making it the country's second largest local government region. Its population was 254,600 in June 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Waikouaiti</span> Town in Otago, New Zealand

Waikouaiti is a small town in East Otago, New Zealand, within the city limits of Dunedin. The town is close to the coast and the mouth of the Waikouaiti River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portobello, New Zealand</span> Settlement in New Zealand

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dunedin</span> City in Otago, New Zealand

Dunedin is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the Otago region. Its name comes from Dùn Èideann, the Scottish Gaelic name for Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. The city has a rich Māori, Scottish, and Chinese heritage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mosgiel</span> Town in Otago, New Zealand

Mosgiel is an urban satellite of Dunedin in Otago, New Zealand, fifteen kilometres west of the city's centre. Since the re-organisation of New Zealand local government in 1989 it has been inside the Dunedin City Council area. Mosgiel has a population of approximately 14,800 as of June 2023. A nickname for Mosgiel is "The pearl of the plain". Its low-lying nature does pose problems, making it prone to flooding after heavy rains. Mosgiel takes its name from Mossgiel Farm, Ayrshire, the farm of the poet Robert Burns, the uncle of the co-founder in 1848 of the Otago settlement, the Reverend Thomas Burns.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otakou</span> Place in Otago, New Zealand

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palmerston, New Zealand</span> Town in Otago, New Zealand

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macandrew Bay</span> Suburb in Dunedin, New Zealand

Macandrew Bay is located on the Otago Peninsula in the South Island of New Zealand. It is situated on the edge of Otago Harbour, and is named for pioneer Scottish settler James Macandrew who lived here during his later life. The Te Reo Māori name for the bay, Te Roto Pāteke, refers to the Brown teal formerly prevalent in the area. Early European residents of the area called the bay "The Hundreds", due to the large number of boulders which covered the foreshore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clinton, New Zealand</span> Town in Otago, New Zealand

Clinton is a small town in South Otago, in New Zealand's South Island. Handy to the Catlins, Dunedin, Lawrence, Central Otago and Tapanui. It is located on State Highway 1 approximately halfway between Balclutha and Gore, and the Main South Line railway passes through the town.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Warrington, New Zealand</span> Town in South Island, New Zealand

Warrington, known in Māori as Ōkāhau, is a small settlement on the coast of Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand. It is situated close to the northern shore of Blueskin Bay, an area of mudflats north of Dunedin, and is administered as part of Dunedin City. Warrington is 3 km (1.9 mi) from State Highway 1 linked by Coast Road. The Main South Line railway passes through the township and a tourist train, the Seasider passes through the settlement once or twice a week between Dunedin and Palmerston.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Broad Bay, New Zealand</span> Settlement in New Zealand

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The Karitane Hospitals were six hospitals in New Zealand run by the Plunket Society, located in Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Invercargill, Wanganui and Wellington. They were established as training hospitals for Karitane nurses and cared for babies with malnutrition and other dietetic complaints, and premature babies. They also offered mother care training and assistance. The first hospital opened in 1907 and the hospitals were closed between 1978 and 1980 due to financial difficulties and changes in society and maternity services.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Huriawa Peninsula</span> Headland on the coast of New Zealand

Huriawa, commonly known as Huriawa Peninsula or Karitane Peninsula, is a headland on the coast of Otago, New Zealand. It is located 35 kilometres north of Dunedin city centre, immediately to the southeast of the settlement of Karitane.

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In February 2021, the East Otago towns of Waikouaiti and Karitane in New Zealand reported high lead levels in their water supplies. Local and national authorities responded by dispatching water tanks and staff to assist local residents and offering them free blood tests, fruits and vegetables. The lead poisoning scare also attracted covered by national media. By 10 March 2021, the Southern District Health Board confirmed that test results indicated that long term exposure to lead in the water supply posed minimial risk to the local population.

Harwood is a rural settlement on the northern side of the Otago Peninsula. It is within the boundaries of Dunedin city in New Zealand.

References

Commons-logo.svg Media related to Karitane at Wikimedia Commons

  1. ↑ "2016 Waikouaiti Coast Community Board Boundary" (PDF). dunedin.govt.nz. Dunedin City Council . Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  3. 1 2 "Subnational population estimates (RC, SA2), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand . Retrieved 25 October 2023. (regional councils); "Subnational population estimates (TA, SA2), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand . Retrieved 25 October 2023. (territorial authorities); "Subnational population estimates (urban rural), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand . Retrieved 25 October 2023. (urban areas)
  4. ↑ Teviotdale D. (1932). "The material culture of the Moa-hunters in Murihiku. – 2. EVIDENCE OF ZOOLOGY". The Journal of the Polynesian Society. pp. 81–120. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
  5. ↑ "Watkin, James". An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand . 1966.
  6. ↑ "Water in two tiny NZ towns has toxic levels of lead. Locals weren't warned for a month because staffer was on holiday". The New Zealand Herald . 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  7. 1 2 Elder, Vaughan (4 February 2021). "Lead in water found at 40 times acceptable level". Otago Daily Times . Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  8. ↑ Miller, Grant (5 February 2021). "'Unacceptable' – PM on lead levels in East Otago". Otago Daily Times . Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
  9. ↑ "Dunedin City Council providing free fruit and veg as lead water scare continues". Radio New Zealand . 9 February 2021. Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  10. ↑ McNeilly, Hamish (11 February 2021). "Reservoir to be drained and 5km of pipes replaced as council tackles lead scare". Stuff . Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
  11. ↑ "Lead scare: Long-term health problems 'unlikely'". Otago Daily Times . 10 March 2021. Archived from the original on 12 March 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
  12. ↑ Nigel Benson, "Seacliff asylum's painful and haunting history" Otago Daily Times, Dunedin 27 January 2007
  13. 1 2 3 Jim Sullivan I was a Plunket baby 2007 Random House New Zealand
  14. ↑ "Nutricia Karicare". nutriciababy.co.nz. Nutricia. Archived from the original on 26 June 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2007.
  15. ↑ "Careers Karitene". careers.govt.nz. Career Services, New Zealand Government.
  16. ↑ A Dictionary of Maori words in New Zealand English, Oxford University Press, Melbourne 2005
  17. ↑ Lifesaver RNZ documentary
  18. 1 2 "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. 7028218 and 7028219.
  19. ↑ "Population estimate tables - NZ.Stat". Statistics New Zealand . Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  20. 1 2 "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Bucklands Crossing (349100). 2018 Census place summary: Bucklands Crossing
  21. ↑ "Te Kāhui Māngai directory". tkm.govt.nz. Te Puni Kōkiri.
  22. ↑ "Māori Maps". maorimaps.com. Te Potiki National Trust.
  23. ↑ Education Counts: Karitane School
  24. ↑ "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
  25. ↑ "Letters from Little Folks". Otago Witness. 28 April 1892.
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