Te Tai Tonga

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Te Tai Tonga electorate boundaries used since 2008 Te Tai Tonga electorate, 2014.svg
Te Tai Tonga electorate boundaries used since 2008
Chatham Islands farm View from Chatham Islands.jpg
Chatham Islands farm

Te Tai Tonga is a New Zealand parliamentary Māori electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the New Zealand House of Representatives. It was established for the 1996 general election, replacing Southern Maori. The current MP for Te Tai Tonga is Rino Tirikatene of the Labour Party.

Contents

Population centres

Te Tai Tonga is geographically by far the largest of the seventy-one electorates of New Zealand, covering all of the South Island, Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, all the islands in the Southern Ocean and a large part of the Wellington urban area, namely Wellington City as far as Churton Park, and Lower Hutt City south of Naenae and west of Wainuiomata. Besides Wellington, the main centres in Te Tai Tonga are Nelson, Christchurch, Timaru, Oamaru, Dunedin, Queenstown, and Invercargill.

As a Māori electorate, Te Tai Tonga overlaps with the sixteen South Island electorates, as well as Rongotai and Wellington Central, and parts of Ōhāriu and Hutt South.

Te Tai Tonga's size was marginally decreased after a review of boundaries in 2007, when the suburbs of Naenae and Taitā were moved into Ikaroa-Rāwhiti. [1] The 2013/14 redistribution did not further alter the boundaries of the electorate. [2] The 2019/20 redistribution adjusted the north-east boundary to align with the northern boundary of Hutt South. [3]

The main iwi of Te Tai Tonga are Ngāi Tahu/Kāi Tahu, Kāti Māmoe and Waitaha, and in the North Island, Te Āti Awa ki Whakarongotai, Ngāti Toa Rangatira and Ngāti Poneke, [4] that latter of which is not iwi in the traditional sense, but an urban pan-tribal grouping. The Chatham Islands was invaded by members of Ngāti Mutunga and Ngāti Tama, and their descendants live there today, alongside the indigenous Moriori.

History

Eastbourne, Lower Hutt Eastbourne NZ Rimu Street.jpg
Eastbourne, Lower Hutt
Otakou marae, near Dunedin Otakou marae.jpg
Otakou marae, near Dunedin

Te Tai Tonga was established for the 1996 general election, replacing Southern Maori which had existed since the first Māori elections in 1868. The 1996 election was the first to use the Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) voting system and a new formula for calculating the number of electorates, which resulted in an increase in the number of Māori electorates from four to five.

The main difference involves the separation of the Wairarapa and Hawke's Bay into seats wholly located in the North Island—initially Te Puku O Te Whenua, and since 1999 Ikaroa-Rāwhiti.

Whetū Tirikatene-Sullivan had served as Southern Maori's representative in Parliament since 1967—during the terms of five different governments and nine Prime Ministers. However, the New Zealand First Party challenger Tū Wyllie tipped her out of the seat in 1996, as sixty years of Labour Party control of the Māori electorates ended.

In 1999 New Zealand First lost its electoral footing after an unpopular term in office, firstly as junior government-coalition partner and then following an internal split in the party, with much of the party's original parliamentary caucus leaving the party ("waka-jumping") to prop up the government of Jenny Shipley (although Wyllie himself did not join the breakaway group). Along with a drop in the New Zealand First vote from thirteen to four percent nationwide came the return of the Māori electorates to Labour and the election of Mahara Okeroa to Parliament as the Labour Party MP for Te Tai Tonga.

A political difference of opinion between many Māori and the Labour Party emerged in 2004, when Helen Clark's Labour government introduced the Seabed and Foreshore Bill, claiming the coastline for the Crown and in the process providing the catalyst for the launch of the Māori Party (7 July 2004), which went on to win four of the seven Māori seats (but not the plurality of the party votes cast in those seats) at the 2005 general election. Te Tai Tonga did not form part of this electoral sea-change, with Okeroa's majority slashed from 8,000 to around 2,500 despite his facing two fewer contenders than in 2002.

Rahui Katene won the electorate for the Māori Party in the 2008 election, defeating the incumbent. [5] She was defeated after a single term; Rino Tirikatene, the nephew of Tirikatene-Sullivan, won the electorate in 2011 with a margin of 1,475 votes. [6] He was returned in the 2014 and 2017 elections with increased majorities. [7]

Members of Parliament

Key

  NZ First     Labour     Māori Party     Green   

ElectionWinner
1996 election Tu Wyllie
1999 election Mahara Okeroa
2002 election
2005 election
2008 election Rahui Katene
2011 election Rino Tirikatene
2014 election
2017 election
2020 election

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Te Tai Tonga electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

ElectionWinner
2005 election Metiria Turei

Election results

2020 election

2020 general election: Te Tai Tonga [8]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green check.svgY or Red x.svgN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

PartyCandidateVotes%±%Party votes%±%
Labour Green check.svgY Rino Tirikatene 14,27748.88+4.4417,54358.70+2.90
Māori Party Tākuta Ferris7,42225.41+4.442,5968.69+0.29
Green Ariana Paretutanganui-Tamati3,32411.38-13.123,44811.54+3.42
Legalise Cannabis Anituhia McDonald1,7325.92-1.006312.11+0.95
Advance NZ Matiu Thoms9653.30—6352.12—
New Conservative Raymond Tuhaka6062.07—2080.69+0.61
National  1,6855.64-6.83
NZ First  1,0303.45-4.35
ACT  8222.75+2.55
Opportunities  5471.83—
Vision NZ  1300.43—
ONE  980.33—
Outdoors  580.19+0.14
Sustainable NZ  150.05—
Heartland  70.02—
Social Credit  70.02—
TEA  50.01—
Informal votes879417
Total Valid votes29,20529,882
Labour holdMajority6,85523.47+3.52

2017 election

2017 general election: Te Tai Tonga [9]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green check.svgY or Red x.svgN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

PartyCandidateVotes%±%Party votes%±%
Labour Green check.svgY Rino Tirikatene 10,41644.44+2.6713,48455.80+19.1
Green Metiria Turei 5,74024.50+8.811,9638.12-8.29
Māori Party Mei Reedy-Taare 4,91520.97-3.222,0308.40-2.79
Legalise Cannabis Emma-Jane Mihaere Kingi1,6256.93+1.962801.16-0.2
National  3,01412.47-2.45
NZ First  1,9267.80-5.02
Opportunities  9443.91—
Mana  1230.51-4.42 [lower-alpha 1]
Ban 1080  580.24-0.24
ACT  480.20+0.03
People's Party  200.82—
Conservative  180.075-0.68
Outdoors  110.046—
United Future  100.041-0.049
Internet  60.025-4.905 [lower-alpha 2]
Democrats  50.021-0.5
Informal votes738226
Total Valid votes24,16623,434
Labour holdMajority4,67619.95+2.37

2014 election

2014 general election: Te Tai Tonga [10]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green check.svgY or Red x.svgN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

PartyCandidateVotes%±%Party votes%±%
Labour Green check.svgY Rino Tirikatene 8,44541.77+1.157,60736.70-1.82
Māori Party Ngaire Button4,89124.19-7.602,31911.19-2.30
Green Dora Roimata Langsbury3,17315.69+0.453,40216.41+0.59
Mana Georgina Beyer 1,9969.87+1.73
Legalise Cannabis Emma-Jane Mihaere Kingi1,0054.97+0.762821.36+0.06
National  2,97714.92-0.56
NZ First  2,65712.82+4.06
Internet Mana  1,0214.93-0.99 [lower-alpha 3]
Conservative  1530.74+0.06
Ban 1080  990.48+0.48
ACT  350.17-0.01
United Future  180.09-0.15
Democrats  150.07-0.02
Civilian  90.04+0.04
Independent Coalition  80.04+0.04
Focus  30.01+0.01
Informal votes545125
Total Valid votes20,22020,730
Labour holdMajority3,55417.58+8.75

2011 election

2011 general election: Te Tai Tonga [6]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green check.svgY or Red x.svgN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

PartyCandidateVotes%±%Party votes%±%
Labour Rino Tirikatene 6,78640.62-1.186,79138.52-11.06
Māori Party Red x.svgN Rahui Katene 5,31131.79-15.512,37913.49-8.76
Green Dora Roimata Langsbury2,54615.24+4.342,78915.82+8.61
Mana Clinton Dearlove1,3608.14+8.141,0435.92+5.92
Legalise Cannabis Emma-Jane Mihaere Kingi7034.21+4.212301.30+0.26
National  2,63114.92+3.78
NZ First  1,5448.76+3.20
Conservative  1200.68+0.68
United Future  430.24+0.05
ACT  320.18-0.48
Democrats  160.09+0.06
Alliance  70.04-0.03
Libertarianz  40.02+0.003
Informal votes840268
Total Valid votes16,70617,629
Labour gain from Māori Party Majority1,4758.83+14.34

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 31,933 [11]

2008 election

2008 general election: Te Tai Tonga [12]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green check.svgY or Red x.svgN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

PartyCandidateVotes%±%Party votes%±%
Māori Party Rahui Katene 9,01147.304,41422.26
Labour Red x.svgN Mahara Okeroa 7,96241.809,83349.58
Green Dora Roimata Langsbury2,07610.901,4307.21
National  2,21011.14
NZ First  1,1025.56
Legalise Cannabis  2071.04
Bill and Ben  1580.80
ACT  1310.66
Progressive  1220.62
Family Party  760.38
Kiwi  690.35
United Future  380.19
Alliance  140.07
Workers Party  130.07
Democrats  60.03
Libertarianz  40.02
Pacific  40.02
RAM  20.01
RONZ  00.00
Informal votes656261
Total Valid votes19,04919,833
Māori Party gain from Labour Majority1,0495.51

2005 election

2005 general election: Te Tai Tonga [13]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green check.svgY or Red x.svgN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

PartyCandidateVotes%±%Party votes%±%
Labour Green check.svgY Mahara Okeroa 9,01547.23-15.9411,48557.89
Māori Party Monte Ohia6,51234.12+34.123,48117.55
Green Metiria Turei 2,29612.031,2836.47
Progressive Russell Caldwell7053.691690.85
Destiny Maru Samuel5592.932351.18
National  1,4627.37
NZ First  1,2406.25
United Future  2111.06
Legalise Cannabis  1590.80
ACT  580.29
Alliance  140.07
Christian Heritage  90.05
Democrats  80.04
Family Rights  70.04
Libertarianz  40.02
One NZ  40.02
99 MP  30.02
Direct Democracy  30.02
RONZ  30.02
Informal votes655322
Total Valid votes19,08719,838
Labour holdMajority2,50313.11-38.99

1999 election

Refer to Candidates in the New Zealand general election 1999 by electorate#Te Tai Tonga for a list of candidates.

1996 election

1996 general election: Te Tai Tonga [14] [15] [16]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green check.svgY or Red x.svgN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

PartyCandidateVotes%±%Party votes%±%
NZ First Tutekawa Wyllie 7,65737.996,57632.47
Labour Red x.svgN Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan 7,37236.587,16735.39
Alliance Hone Kaiwai1,9169.512,29011.31
Independent Eva Rickard 1,2206.05
National Cliff Bedwell1,1155.531,7328.55
Independent Honty Whaanga-Morris8734.33
Legalise Cannabis  8964.42
Mana Māori Movement  6673.29
Christian Coalition  4412.18
ACT  2321.15
United NZ  520.26
McGillicuddy Serious  370.18
Te Tawharau 350.17
Progressive Green 330.16
Animals First  280.14
Green Society 220.11
Natural Law  120.06
Superannuitants & Youth 90.04
Ethnic Minority Party 70.03
Conservatives 50.02
Libertarianz  40.02
Advance New Zealand 30.01
Asia Pacific United 20.01
Informal votes279182
Total Valid votes20,15320,250
NZ First win new seatMajority2851.41

Notes

  1. ↑ 2017 Mana Party swing is relative to the votes for Internet-Mana in 2014; it shared a party list with the Internet Party in the 2014 election
  2. ↑ 2017 Internet Party swing is relative to the votes for Internet-Mana in 2014; it shared a party list with Mana Party in the 2014 election
  3. ↑ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

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References

  1. ↑ Report of the Representation Commission 2007 (PDF). Representation Commission. 14 September 2007. p. 11. ISBN   978-0-477-10414-2 . Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  2. ↑ Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 11. ISBN   978-0-477-10414-2 . Retrieved 2 October 2014.
  3. ↑ "Report of the Representation Commission 2020" (PDF). www.elections.nz. 14 April 2020. Retrieved 3 August 2020.
  4. ↑ Te Puni Kōkiri – In Your Region – Te Whanganui ā Tara
  5. ↑ Macintosh, Rob (13 September 2011). "Battle for Maori seat is under way". The Marlborough Express . Retrieved 29 November 2011.
  6. 1 2 "Official Count Results – Te Tai Tonga". Electoral Commission. 10 December 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  7. ↑ "Official Count Results – Te Tai Tonga". Electoral Commission. 21 September 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
  8. ↑ "Te Tai Tonga - Official Result". Electoral Commission . Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  9. ↑ "E9 Statistics – Electorate Status". Electoral Commission . Retrieved 17 December 2017.
  10. ↑ "Official Count Results – Te Tai Tonga". Electoral Commission. 10 December 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
  11. ↑ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  12. ↑ 2008 election results
  13. ↑ 2005 election results
  14. ↑ "Electorate Candidate and Party Votes Recorded at Each Polling Place – Te Tai Tonga" (PDF). Retrieved 4 August 2013.
  15. ↑ Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties Archived 8 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ↑ Party Lists of Unsuccessful Registered Parties

Coordinates: 43°36′00″S172°00′00″E / 43.6000°S 172.0000°E / -43.6000; 172.0000

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