Manurewa (New Zealand electorate)

Last updated August 18, 2021

Manurewa is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate in southern Auckland. Arena Williams has represented the electorate since the 2020 election.

Population centres

The electorate is based around the suburb of Manurewa. It includes Wiri, Manukau Central and Manukau Heights in the north. It stretches south to Clendon Park and Weymouth.^[1]

In boundary changes in 2002, some areas moved to Clevedon and Manukau East electorates. In the 2007 boundary review, Wattle Downs and parts of Manurewa East moved to Papakura electorate.^[1] Boundary changes for the 2008 election made Manurewa even safer for Labour, although some party loyalists were apparently upset that this had the effect of making the neighbouring seat of Papakura less marginal and more inclined towards National.

The 2013/14 redistribution did not change the boundaries further.^[2]

The 2019/20 redistribution saw the electorate shift northwards, gaining the area north of Puhinui Road from Manukau East and losing the area east of the Southern Motorway to the new Takanini electorate.^[3]

History

Manurewa is generally regarded as a safe Labour seat. Louisa Wall won the Manurewa electorate in the 2011 election and was returned to the 50th New Zealand Parliament;^[4] she had opted not to be on Labour's party list that time.^[5] She was back on the list (in position 12) for the 2014 election but won her electorate comfortably.^[6]

Members of Parliament

Unless otherwise stated, all MPs' terms began and ended at general elections.

Key

Labour National

Election	Winner
1963 election		Phil Amos
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election		Merv Wellington
1978 election		Roger Douglas
1981 election
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election		George Hawkins
1993 election
1996 election
1999 election
2002 election
2005 election
2008 election
2011 election		Louisa Wall
2014 election
2017 election
2020 election		Arena Williams

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Manurewa electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Election	Winner
2009¹		Cam Calder
2011 election		Cam Calder

¹Calder became an MP on the resignation of Richard Worth in June 2009.^[7]

Election results

2020 election

2020 general election: Manurewa^[8]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Arena Williams		20,815	70.13	+12.74	22,137	72.65	+14.25
	National	Nuwi Samarakone		3,636	12.25	–14.29	3,904	12.81	–15.73
	NZ First	John Hall		968	3.36	–2.87	861	2.82	−3.76
	Green	Lourdes Vano		963	3.24	—	907	2.97	+0.51
	New Conservative	Mote Pahulu		814	2.74	+1.48	505	1.65	+1.31
	Independent	Luella Linaker		325	1.09	—
	Advance NZ	Linda Jackson		313	1.05	—	250	0.82	—
	Vision NZ	Sonny Wilcox		305	1.02	—	196	0.64	—
	ONE	Rattan Singh		198	0.66	—	80	0.26	—
	TEA	Wella Bernardo		134	0.45	—	37	0.12	—
	Communist League	Annalucia Vermunt		28	0.09	—
	ACT						519	1.70	+1.44
	Māori						245	0.80	–0.80
	Opportunities						139	0.45	–0.29
	Legalise Cannabis						136	0.44	+0.07
	Sustainable NZ						14	0.04	—
	Outdoors						9	0.02	–0.01
	Heartland						8	0.02	—
	Social Credit						6	0.01	—
Informal votes				1,181			515
Total Valid votes				29,680			30,468
Turnout				30,668	69.77
	Labour hold		Majority	17,179	57.88	+27.03

2017 election

2017 general election: Manurewa^[9]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y Louisa Wall		15,577	57.39	+4.15	16,592	58.40	+5.74
	National	Katrina Bungard		7,203	26.54	−2.42	8,109	28.54	+1.05
	NZ First	John Hall		1,691	6.23	−1.41	1,869	6.58	−2.84
	Green	Teanau Tuiono		880	3.24	−1.03	698	2.46	−1.48
	Māori	Tasha Hohaia		806	2.97	−1.07	313	1.10	+0.41
	Conservative	Elliot Ikilei		342	1.26	−0.87	98	0.34	−2.46
	Opportunities						210	0.74	—
	Legalise Cannabis						104	0.37	±0.00
	ACT						75	0.26	−0.31
	People's Party						58	0.20	—
	Mana						22	0.08	—
	United Future						15	0.05	−0.04
	Democrats						12	0.04	+0.02
	Outdoors						9	0.03	—
	Ban 1080						7	0.02	−0.03
	Internet						4	0.01	—
Informal votes				643			218
Total Valid votes				27,142			28,413
	Labour hold		Majority	8,374	30.85	+6.57

2014 election

2014 general election: Manurewa^[10]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y Louisa Wall		14,038	53.24	−10.03	14,579	52.66	−4.77
	National	Simeon Brown		7,636	28.96	+2.10	7,612	27.49	+1.36
	NZ First	John Hall		2,015	7.64	+3.17	2,609	9.42	+2.06
	Green	Trish Tupou		1,127	4.27	+4.27	1,092	3.94	±0.00
	Conservative	Elliot Ikilei		562	2.13	−0.56	776	2.80	+0.54
	Mana	Yvonne Dainty		268	1.02	−0.62
	Māori	Raewyn Bhana		238	0.90	+0.26	191	0.69	+0.05
	Internet Mana						315	1.14	+0.29^{[lower-alpha 1]}
	ACT						158	0.57	−0.03
	Legalise Cannabis						102	0.37	−0.03
	United Future						24	0.09	−0.13
	Ban 1080						15	0.05	+0.05
	Civilian						10	0.04	+0.04
	Democrats						6	0.02	+0.01
	Focus						1	0.00	+0.00
Informal votes				481			197
Total Valid votes				26,365			27,687
Turnout				27,687	67.63	+2.53
	Labour hold		Majority	6,402	24.28	−12.13

2011 election

2011 general election: Manurewa^[11]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Louisa Wall		14,961	63.27	+9.31	14,517	57.43	+5.21
	National	Cam Calder		6,351	26.86	-0.24	6,606	26.13	-4.20
	NZ First	John Hall		1,122	4.47	+1.92	1,861	7.36	+2.83
	Conservative	Richard Addis		636	2.69	+2.69	572	2.26	+2.26
	Mana	Richard Shortland Cooper		387	1.64	+1.64	215	0.85	+0.85
	ACT	David Peterson		189	0.80	-2.71	153	0.60	-0.43
	Green						995	3.94	+1.69
	Māori						163	0.64	-0.62
	Legalise Cannabis						101	0.40	+0.05
	United Future						56	0.22	-0.43
	Alliance						22	0.09	+0.02
	Libertarianz						13	0.05	+0.02
	Democrats						3	0.01	+0.004
Informal votes				1,108			411
Total Valid votes				23,646			25,688
	Labour hold		Majority	8,610	36.41	+9.55

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 39,461^[12]

2008 election

2008 general election: Manurewa^[13]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y George Hawkins		13,511	53.96		13,673	52.22
	National	Cam Calder		6,785	27.10		7,941	30.33
	Pacific	Vui K Sapa'u Vitale		1,138	4.55		909	3.47
	Green	Alan Johnson		963	3.85		588	2.25
	ACT	Michael James Bailey		879	3.51		633	2.42
	NZ First	John Hall		707	2.82		1,187	4.53
	Family Party	Richard Lewis		514	2.05		193	0.74
	Progressive	Sukhdev Singh Bains		263	1.05		276	1.05
	United Future	Jim Stowers		185	0.74		170	0.65
	Kiwi	Amjad Khan		92	0.37		66	0.25
	Māori						331	1.26
	Legalise Cannabis						92	0.35
	Bill and Ben						90	0.34
	Libertarianz						7	0.03
	RAM						7	0.03
	Workers Party						7	0.03
	RONZ						5	0.02
	Alliance						4	0.02
	Democrats						2	0.01
Informal votes				408			220
Total Valid votes				25,037			26,181
	Labour hold		Majority	6,726	26.86	-12.38

2005 election

2005 general election: Manurewa^[14]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y George Hawkins		17,759	59.66		18,254	59.11
	National	Fepulea'i Aiono		6,092	20.42		7,938	25.70
	NZ First	Lindy Palmer		1,868	6.26		1,714	5.55
	Māori	Rangi McLean		819	2.75		407	1.32
	United Future	Noel Hinton		940	3.15		624	2.02
	Destiny	Patrick Komene		692	2.32		387	1.25
	Progressive	Raghbir Singh		609	2.04		397	1.29
	ACT	Glen Snelgar		582	1.95		232	0.75
	Family Rights	Amelia Fepulea'i		238	0.80		105	0.34
	Alliance	Paul Protheroe		110	0.37		21	0.07
	Direct Democracy	Kelvyn Alp		85	0.28		42	0.14
	Green						603	1.95
	Legalise Cannabis						74	0.24
	Christian Heritage						50	0.16
	One NZ						10	0.03
	Libertarianz						8	0.03
	99 MP						6	0.02
	Democrats						6	0.02
	RONZ						4	0.01
Informal votes				474			188
Total Valid votes				29,834			30,882
	Labour hold		Majority	11,707	39.24	-10.12

2002 election

2002 general election:Manurewa
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y George Hawkins		15,821	62.24	-4.91	14,752	56.55	+4.71
	National	Enosa Auva'a		3,273	12.88	-5.59	3,261	12.50	-12.18
	NZ First	John Bryce Geary		1,881	7.40		2,658	10.19	+6.85
	Green	Alan Johnson		1,193	4.69		970	3.72	+0.57
	United Future	Peter Collins		994	3.91		1,443	5.53
	ACT	Bryce Bevin		992	3.90		1,332	5.11	+0.12
	Christian Heritage	Daniel W Willis		546	2.15		509	1.95	-0.87
	Progressive	Susi Pa'o Williams		329	1.29		550	2.11
	Alliance	Hayley Rawhiti		287	1.13		249	0.95	-5.42
	Reform's Tahi	Dave Bergersen		55	0.22
	Independent	Tuporo (Tommy) Maroroa		49	0.19
	ORNZ						186	0.71
	Legalise Cannabis						141	0.54	-0.50
	Mana Māori						15	0.06	+0.02
	One NZ						14	0.05	0.00
	NMP						5	0.02	-0.01
Informal votes				328			164
Total Valid votes				25,420			26,085
	Labour hold		Majority	12,548	49.36	+0.68

1999 election

1999 general election:Manurewa
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y George Hawkins		18,018	67.15	+11.68	14,140	51.84	+13.12
	National	Enosa Auva'a		4,956	18.47		6,730	24.68	-3.14
	Alliance	Toia Lucas		1,168	4.35		1,737	6.37	-1.73
	ACT	Lech Beltowski		880	3.28		1,361	4.99	+1.24
	Christian Heritage	Uaita Levi		753	2.81		770	2.82
	NZ First	Lindy Palmer		716	2.67		911	3.34	-9.74
	Mauri Pacific	Ann Batten		304	1.13		44	0.16
	Mana Wahine Te Ira Tangata	Lumã'ava Samuelu-Pula		38	0.14
	Green						859	3.15
	Legalise Cannabis						284	1.04	-0.72
	Future NZ						164	0.60
	United NZ						71	0.26	-0.56
	Libertarianz						53	0.19	+0.17
	McGillicuddy Serious						42	0.15	-0.10
	Animals First						40	0.15	-0.05
	Natural Law						19	0.07	-0.04
	One NZ						13	0.05
	Mana Māori						12	0.04	+0.03
	The People's Choice						10	0.04
	NMP						9	0.03
	Republican						4	0.01
	South Island						1	0.00
	Freedom Movement						0	0.00
Informal votes				849			408
Total Valid votes				26,833			27,274
	Labour hold		Majority	13,062	48.68	+14.75

1996 election

1996 general election: Manurewa^[15]^[16]^[17]
Notes:		Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y George Hawkins		14,015	55.47		9,820	38.72
	National	Les Marinkovich		5,442	21.54		7,055	27.82
	NZ First	Roger Mail		2,240	8.87		3,317	13.08
	Alliance	Willie Jackson		1,492	5.91		2,054	8.10
	Christian Coalition	Braden Matson		781	3.09		1,147	4.52
	ACT	John Thompson		555	2.20		951	3.75
	United NZ	Malcolm Hood		378	1.50		209	0.82
	McGillicuddy Serious	Derek Craig		151	0.60		64	0.25
	Green Society	Colin Amery		145	0.57		41	0.16
	Natural Law	Faye McLaren		67	0.27		29	0.11
	Legalise Cannabis						447	1.76
	Ethnic Minority Party						69	0.27
	Animals First						50	0.20
	Progressive Green						41	0.16
	Advance New Zealand						37	0.15
	Superannuitants & Youth						18	0.07
	Conservatives						4	0.02
	Libertarianz						4	0.02
	Mana Māori						3	0.01
	Asia Pacific United						2	0.01
	Te Tawharau						0	0.00
Informal votes				209			113
Total Valid votes				25,266			25,362
	Labour hold		Majority	8,573	33.93	+10.04

1993 election

1993 general election: Manurewa^[18]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	George Hawkins	7,476	44.50	+0.21
	National	Mark Chalmers	3,462	20.60
	Alliance	Pat Robinson	3,183	18.94
	NZ First	Don Roa	2,156	12.83
	Christian Heritage	Shane Kennedy	388	2.30
	McGillicuddy Serious	Derek Craig	135	0.80	+0.26
Majority			4,014	23.89	+16.86
Turnout			16,800	78.19	+0.29
Registered electors			21,484

1990 election

1990 general election: Manurewa^[19]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	George Hawkins	7,266	44.71
	National	Pat Baker	6,113	37.62
	NewLabour	Pat Robinson	1,135	6.98
	Green	Anaru Kira	1,025	6.30
	Social Credit	Debbie Elanor Stewart	251	1.54
	Democrats	Paumea Horton McKay	205	1.26
	Independent	Shirley Jane Watson	164	1.00	-0.15
	McGillicuddy Serious	Derek Craig	89	0.54
	Communist League	Mike Treen	11	0.06
Majority			1,143	7.03
Turnout			16,249	77.90	-5.70
Registered electors			20,857

1987 election

1987 general election: Manurewa^[20]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Roger Douglas	9,255	56.49	+2.04
	National	G Cunningham	6,203	37.86
	Democrats	John Kilford	606	3.69	-1.18
	Independent	Shirley Jane Watson	189	1.15	+0.51
	NZ Party	W A Bercich	129	0.78
Majority			3,052	18.63	-7.81
Turnout			16,382	83.60	-7.26
Registered electors			19,594

1984 election

1984 general election: Manurewa^[20]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Roger Douglas	10,157	54.45	+8.49
	National	Stuart Leenstra	5,224	28.00
	NZ Party	Michael Jack	2,143	11.48
	Social Credit	John Kilford	909	4.87
	Independent	Shirley Jane Watson	120	0.64
	Values	Ronald Andrew MacMillan	72	0.38	-0.44
	Independent	Ritchie Hesituo Okesene	27	0.14
Majority			4,933	26.44	+12.35
Turnout			18,652	90.86	+3.28
Registered electors			20,528

1981 election

1981 general election: Manurewa^[20]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Roger Douglas	9,126	45.96	-1.46
	National	Keith Ralph	6,311	31.59
	Social Credit	Paul Norman	4,371	21.88	+4.60
	Values	Ronald Andrew MacMillan	165	0.82	-0.43
Majority			2,815	14.09	+0.25
Turnout			19,973	87.58	+19.89
Registered electors			22,804

1978 election

1978 general election: Manurewa^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Roger Douglas	8,449	47.42
	National	Peter O'Brien	5,982	33.58
	Social Credit	Paul Norman	3,079	17.28
	Values	Ronald Andrew MacMillan	224	1.25
	Independent Labour	G H Bibb	80	0.44
Majority			2,467	13.84
Turnout			17,814	67.69	-13.18
Registered electors			26,316

1975 election

1975 general election: Manurewa^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Merv Wellington	9,558	47.74
	Labour	Phil Amos	8,200	40.96	-12.47
	Social Credit	Steve McKay	1,296	6.47
	Values	Malcolm Hardwick	925	4.62
	Alpha	Alan Filmer	21	0.10
	Independent	Jim McCullagh	11	0.05
	Democratic Labour	Allan Hughes	8	0.03
Majority			1,358	6.78
Turnout			20,019	80.87	-7.08
Registered electors			24,753

1972 election

1972 general election: Manurewa^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Phil Amos	8,221	53.43	+3.80
	National	Pat Baker	5,824	37.85	-3.93
	Social Credit	Jim Laurenson	872	5.66
	Values	Kenneth Hooks	287	1.86
	New Democratic	George Higham	180	1.17	-6.20
Majority			2,397	15.58	+7.73
Turnout			15,384	87.95	-0.23
Registered electors			17,490

1969 election

1969 general election: Manurewa^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Phil Amos	8,668	49.63	-0.10
	National	Pat Baker	7,297	41.78
	Social Credit	George Higham	1,287	7.37	+0.79
	Socialist Unity	Christopher Ruthe	140	0.80
Informal votes			70	0.40
Majority			1,371	7.85	-4.36
Turnout			17,462	88.18	-4.44
Registered electors			19,802

1966 election

1966 general election: Manurewa^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Phil Amos	9,725	49.73	-1.58
	National	B F Kimpton	7,336	37.51
	Social Credit	George Higham	1,287	6.58	+1.13
	Communist	Stan Hieatt	147	0.75
Majority			2,389	12.21	+3.51
Turnout			19,554	83.74	-6.48
Registered electors			23,350

1963 election

1963 general election: Manurewa^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Phil Amos	8,988	51.31
	National	Leon Götz	7,464	42.61
	Social Credit	George Higham	956	5.45
	Communist	Hugh McLeod	109	0.62
Majority			1,524	8.70
Turnout			19,414	90.22
Registered electors			19,414

Table footnotes

↑ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

Notes

1 2 "Manurewa: Electoral Profile". New Zealand Parliament. Parliamentary Library. 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
↑ Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
↑ "Report of the Representation Commission 2020" (PDF). 17 April 2020.
↑ Cheng, Derek (6 April 2011). "Louisa Wall back in Parliament". The New Zealand Herald . Retrieved 6 April 2011.
↑ "Louisa Wall passes on Labour's list". 3News . 11 April 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
↑ "Official Count Results -- Manurewa". Electoral Commission. 4 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
↑ "John Key statement on Richard Worth". The New Zealand Herald . 12 June 2009.
↑ "Manurewa – Official Result". Electoral Commission. 17 October 2020. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
↑ "Manurewa – Official Result". Electoral Commission. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
↑ "Official Count Results -- Manurewa (2014)". Electoral Commission . Retrieved 11 April 2016.
↑ 2011 election results
↑ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Archived from the original on 10 November 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
↑ 2008 election results
↑ "Official Count Results -- Manurewa". Electoral Commission. 1 October 2005. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
↑ "Electorate Candidate and Party Votes Recorded at Each Polling Place – Manurewa, 1996" (PDF). Retrieved 20 July 2013.
↑ "Part III – Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
↑ "Part III – Party Lists of unsuccessful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.
↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. p. 61.
1 2 3 Norton 1988, p. 271.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Norton 1988, p. 270.

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References

Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946–1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.

External links

Electorate Profile Parliamentary Library

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[Internet_Mana-11] 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

[parl_profile-1] 1 2 "Manurewa: Electoral Profile". New Zealand Parliament. Parliamentary Library. 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2014.

[2] Report of the Representation Commission 2014 (PDF). Representation Commission. 4 April 2014. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-477-10414-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

[3] "Report of the Representation Commission 2020" (PDF). 17 April 2020.

[4] Cheng, Derek (6 April 2011). "Louisa Wall back in Parliament". The New Zealand Herald . Retrieved 6 April 2011.

[5] "Louisa Wall passes on Labour's list". 3News . 11 April 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

[6] "Official Count Results -- Manurewa". Electoral Commission. 4 October 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.

[7] "John Key statement on Richard Worth". The New Zealand Herald . 12 June 2009.

[2020-election-8] "Manurewa – Official Result". Electoral Commission. 17 October 2020. Retrieved 6 November 2020.

[2017-election-9] "Manurewa – Official Result". Electoral Commission. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

[2014lection-10] "Official Count Results -- Manurewa (2014)". Electoral Commission . Retrieved 11 April 2016.

[Manurewa_2011_election_results-12] 2011 election results

[enrolment-13] "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Archived from the original on 10 November 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2011.

[14] 2008 election results

[15] "Official Count Results -- Manurewa". Electoral Commission. 1 October 2005. Retrieved 2 October 2017.

[16] "Electorate Candidate and Party Votes Recorded at Each Polling Place – Manurewa, 1996" (PDF). Retrieved 20 July 2013.

[1996_successful-17] "Part III – Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.

[1996_unsuccessful-18] "Part III – Party Lists of unsuccessful Registered Parties" (PDF). Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 February 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.

[19] Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.

[20] Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. p. 61.

[FOOTNOTENorton1988271-21] 1 2 3 Norton 1988, p. 271.

[FOOTNOTENorton1988270-22] 1 2 3 4 5 6 Norton 1988, p. 270.

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South Island	Banks Peninsula Christchurch Central Christchurch East Dunedin Ilam Invercargill Kaikōura Nelson Rangitata Selwyn Southland Taieri Waimakariri Waitaki West Coast-Tasman Wigram
Māori	Hauraki-Waikato Ikaroa-Rāwhiti Tāmaki Makaurau Te Tai Hauāuru Te Tai Tokerau Te Tai Tonga Waiariki