Neuregulin 4

"NRG4" redirects here. For the cannabinoid drug, see RCS-4.

NRG4
Identifiers
Aliases	NRG4 , HRG4, neuregulin 4
External IDs	OMIM: 610894; MGI: 1933833; HomoloGene: 12921; GeneCards: NRG4; OMA:NRG4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 15 (human) [1] Band 15q24.2 Start 75,935,969 bp [1] End 76,059,795 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 9 (mouse) [2] Band 9|9 B Start 55,127,506 bp [2] End 55,234,128 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in body of pancreas right uterine tube cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum secondary oocyte left testis olfactory zone of nasal mucosa right testis testicle muscle of thigh Top expressed in zygote brown adipose tissue secondary oocyte Glandular part of endometrium white adipose tissue tunica adventitia of aorta subcutaneous adipose tissue intercostal muscle mammary gland primary oocyte More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding growth factor activity protein tyrosine kinase activity phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity signaling receptor binding Cellular component integral component of membrane membrane plasma membrane extracellular region intracellular anatomical structure extracellular space Biological process MAPK cascade ERBB2 signaling pathway phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation regulation of cell motility intracellular signal transduction animal organ development regulation of signaling receptor activity positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling nervous system development Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 145957 83961 Ensembl ENSG00000169752 ENSMUSG00000032311 UniProt Q8WWG1 Q9WTX4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_138573 NM_032002 RefSeq (protein) NP_612640 NP_114391 Location (UCSC) Chr 15: 75.94 – 76.06 Mb Chr 9: 55.13 – 55.23 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Neuregulin 4 also known as NRG4 is a member of the neuregulin protein family which in humans is encoded by the NRG4 gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

Function

The neuregulins, including NRG4, activate erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ERBB4) to initiating cell signaling through cytosolic tyrosine phosphorylation. ^[7]

Clinical significance

Loss of expression of NRG4 is frequently seen in advanced bladder cancer while increased NRG4 expression correlates to better survival. ^[8]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000169752 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032311 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: NRG4 neuregulin 4".
6. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (December 2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC   139241 . PMID   12477932.
7. Harari D, Tzahar E, Romano J, Shelly M, Pierce JH, Andrews GC, Yarden Y (April 1999). "Neuregulin-4: a novel growth factor that acts through the ErbB-4 receptor tyrosine kinase". Oncogene. 18 (17): 2681–9. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1202631 . PMID   10348342.
8. Memon AA, Sorensen BS, Melgard P, Fokdal L, Thykjaer T, Nexo E (December 2004). "Expression of HER3, HER4 and their ligand heregulin-4 is associated with better survival in bladder cancer patients". Br. J. Cancer. 91 (12): 2034–41. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602251. PMC   2409781 . PMID   15583696.

Further reading

• Révillion F, Lhotellier V, Hornez L, Bonneterre J, Peyrat JP (January 2008). "ErbB/HER ligands in human breast cancer, and relationships with their receptors, the bio-pathological features and prognosis". Ann. Oncol. 19 (1): 73–80. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdm431 . PMID   17962208.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC   528928 . PMID   15489334.
• Hayes NV, Newsam RJ, Baines AJ, Gullick WJ (2008). "Characterization of the cell membrane-associated products of the Neuregulin 4 gene". Oncogene. 27 (5): 715–20. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210689 . PMID   17684490.
• Hayes NV, Blackburn E, Smart LV, et al. (2007). "Identification and characterization of novel spliced variants of neuregulin 4 in prostate cancer". Clin. Cancer Res. 13 (11): 3147–55. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2237 . PMID   17545517.