Ramones

Last updated

Ramones
Ramones rocket to russia photo.jpg
Ramones in 1977
From left to right: Joey Ramone, Johnny Ramone, Dee Dee Ramone, and Tommy Ramone
Background information
Origin Forest Hills, Queens, New York, U.S.
Genres
Discography Ramones discography
Years active1974 (1974)–1996 (1996)
Labels
Past members
Website Ramones.com

TheRamones [lower-alpha 1] were an American punk rock band formed in the New York City neighborhood Forest Hills, Queens in 1974. Known for helping establish the punk movement in the United States, the Ramones are often cited as the first true punk band. Though achieving little commercial success, the band is seen today as highly influential in punk culture.

Contents

All members adopted pseudonyms ending with the surname Ramone, although none was biologically related: they were inspired by Paul McCartney, who would check into hotels under the alias Paul Ramon. The Ramones performed 2,263 concerts, touring virtually nonstop for 22 years. [2] In 1996, after a tour with the Lollapalooza music festival, they played a farewell concert in Los Angeles and disbanded. [3]

By 2014, all four of the band's original members had died lead singer Joey Ramone (1951–2001), bassist Dee Dee Ramone (1951–2002), guitarist Johnny Ramone (1948–2004) and drummer Tommy Ramone (1949–2014). [4] [5] [6] [7] All of the surviving members of the Ramones bassist C. J. Ramone (who replaced Dee Dee in 1989 and stayed with the band until its dissolution) and drummers Marky Ramone, Richie Ramone and Elvis Ramone remain musically active.

Recognition of the band's importance has built over the years. [8] The Ramones ranked number 26 in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time" [9] and number 17 in VH1's "100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock". [10] In 2002, the Ramones were ranked the second-greatest band of all time by Spin , trailing only the Beatles. [11] On March 18, 2002, the original four members and Tommy's replacement on drums, Marky Ramone, were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in their first year of eligibility. [2] [12] In 2011, the group was awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. [13] [14]

History

Formation (1974–1975)

Forest Hills High School, attended by the four original members of the Ramones ForestHillsHS.jpg
Forest Hills High School, attended by the four original members of the Ramones

The original members of the band met in and around the middle-class neighborhood of Forest Hills in the New York City borough of Queens. John Cummings and Thomas Erdelyi had both been in a high-school garage band from 1965 to 1967 known as the Tangerine Puppets. [15] They became friends with Douglas Colvin, who had recently moved to the area from Germany, [16] and Jeff Hyman, who was the singer for the glam rock band Sniper, founded in 1972. [17] [18] [19]

The Ramones began taking shape in early 1974 when Cummings and Colvin invited Hyman to join them in a band. Colvin wanted to play guitar and sing, Cummings would also play guitar and Hyman would play drums. The lineup was to be completed with their friend Richie Stern on bass. However, after only a few rehearsals it became clear that Richie Stern could not play bass, so in addition to singing, Colvin switched from guitar to bass and Cummings became the only guitarist. [20] Colvin was the first to adopt the name "Ramone", calling himself Dee Dee Ramone. He was inspired by Paul McCartney's use of the pseudonym Paul Ramon during his Silver Beetles days. [21] [22] Dee Dee convinced the other members to take on the name and came up with the idea of calling the band the Ramones. [23] Hyman and Cummings became Joey and Johnny Ramone, respectively. [23]

A friend of the band, Monte A. Melnick (later their tour manager), helped to arrange rehearsal time for them at Manhattan's Performance Studios, where he worked. Johnny's former bandmate Erdelyi was set to become their manager. Soon after the band was formed, Dee Dee realized that he could not sing and play his bass guitar simultaneously; with Erdelyi's encouragement, Joey became the band's new lead singer. [21] Dee Dee would continue, however, to count off each song's tempo with his signature rapid-fire shout of "1-2-3-4!" Joey soon similarly realized that he could not sing and play drums simultaneously and left the position of drummer. While auditioning prospective replacements, Erdelyi would often take to the drums and demonstrate how to play the songs. It became apparent that he was able to perform the group's music better than anyone else, and he joined the band as Tommy Ramone. [24]

The Ramones played before an audience for the first time on March 30, 1974, at Performance Studios. [2] The songs they played were very fast and very short; most clocked in at under two minutes. Around this time, a new music scene was emerging in New York centered on two clubs in downtown ManhattanMax's Kansas City and, more famously, CBGB (usually referred to as CBGB's). The Ramones made their CBGB debut on August 16, 1974. [25] Legs McNeil, who cofounded Punk magazine the following year, later described the impact of that performance: "They were all wearing these black leather jackets. And they counted off this song ... and it was just this wall of noise ... They looked so striking. These guys were not hippies. This was something completely new." [26]

The band swiftly became regulars at the club, playing there seventy-four times by the end of the year. After garnering considerable attention for their performances—which averaged about seventeen minutes from beginning to end—the group was signed to a recording contract in late 1975 by Seymour Stein of Sire Records. Sire A&R man Craig Leon [27] saw the band and brought them to the attention of the label. Stein's wife, Linda Stein, saw the band play at Mothers; she would later co-manage them along with Danny Fields. [28] By this time, the Ramones were recognized as leaders of the new scene that was increasingly being referred to as "punk". [29] [30] The group's unusual frontman had a lot to do with their impact. As Dee Dee explained, "All the other singers [in New York] were copying David Johansen [of the New York Dolls], who was copying Mick Jagger ... But Joey was unique, totally unique." [31]

Spearheading punk (1976–1977)

Ramones performing in Toronto in 1976 Ramones Toronto 1976.jpg
Ramones performing in Toronto in 1976
April 1976 issue of Punk. The cover image of Joey, by Punk cofounder John Holmstrom, was inspired by the work of comic book artist Will Eisner. Holmstrom would go on to do album art for Rocket to Russia and Road to Ruin. PunkMagazine.jpg
April 1976 issue of Punk . The cover image of Joey, by Punk cofounder John Holmstrom, was inspired by the work of comic book artist Will Eisner. Holmstrom would go on to do album art for Rocket to Russia and Road to Ruin .

The Ramones recorded their debut album, Ramones , in February 1976. Of the fourteen songs on the album, the longest, "I Don't Wanna Go Down to the Basement", barely surpassed two and a half minutes. While the songwriting credits were shared by the entire band, and each member did contribute some writing, much of the writing was done by Dee Dee. [34] [35] The Ramones album was produced by Sire's Craig Leon, with Tommy as associate producer, on an extremely low budget of about $6,400 and released in April. [36] The now iconic front cover photograph of the band was taken by Roberta Bayley, a photographer for Punk magazine. [37] Punk, which was largely responsible for codifying the term for the scene emerging around CBGB, ran a cover story on the Ramones in its third issue, the same month as the record's release. [32] [38]

The Ramones' debut album was greeted by rock critics with glowing reviews. The Village Voice 's Robert Christgau wrote, "I love this record—love it—even though I know these boys flirt with images of brutality (Nazi especially) ... For me, it blows everything else off the radio". [39] In Rolling Stone , Paul Nelson described it as "constructed almost entirely of rhythm tracks of an exhilarating intensity rock & roll has not experienced since its earliest days." Characterizing the band as "authentic American primitives whose work has to be heard to be understood", he declared, "It is time popular music followed the other arts in honoring its primitives." [40] Newsday 's Wayne Robbins simply anointed the Ramones as "the best young rock 'n' roll band in the known universe." [41]

Despite Sire's high hopes for it, [42] Ramones was not a commercial success, reaching only number 111 on the Billboard album chart. [43] The two singles issued from the album, "Blitzkrieg Bop" and "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend", failed to chart. At the band's first major performance outside of New York, a June date in Youngstown, Ohio, members of Cleveland punk legends Frankenstein aka the Dead Boys were present and struck up a friendship with the band. [44] It was not until they made a brief tour of England that they began to see the fruits of their labor; a performance at the Roundhouse in London on July 4, 1976, with The Stranglers supporting the Flamin' Groovies, organized by Linda Stein, was a resounding success. [45] T-Rex leader Marc Bolan was in attendance at the Roundhouse show and was invited on stage. [46] [47] Their Roundhouse appearance and a club date the following night—where the band met members of the Sex Pistols and the Clash—helped galvanize the burgeoning UK punk rock scene. [4] The Flamin' Groovies/Ramones double bill was successfully reprised at the Roxy Theatre in Los Angeles the following month, fueling the punk scene there as well. The Ramones were becoming an increasingly popular live act—a Toronto performance in September energized yet another growing punk scene. [48]

Their next two albums, Leave Home and Rocket to Russia , were released in 1977. Both were produced by Tommy and Tony Bongiovi, the second cousin of Jon Bon Jovi. [49] Leave Home met with even less chart success than Ramones, though it did include "Pinhead", which became one of the band's signature songs with its chanted refrain of "Gabba gabba hey!" Leave Home also included a fast-paced cover of the oldie "California Sun", written by Henry Glover & Morris Levy, and originally recorded by Joe Jones, [50] though the Ramones based their version on the remake by the Rivieras. Rocket to Russia was the band's highest-charting album to date, reaching number 49 on the Billboard 200. [51] In Rolling Stone, critic Dave Marsh called it "the best American rock & roll of the year". [52] The album also featured the first Ramones single to enter the Billboard charts (albeit only as high as number 81): "Sheena Is a Punk Rocker". The follow-up single, "Rockaway Beach", reached number 66—the highest any Ramones single would ever reach in America. On December 31, 1977, the Ramones recorded It's Alive , a live concert double album, at the Rainbow Theatre, London, which was released in April 1979 (the title is a reference to the 1974 horror film of the same name). [53]

Transitional period (1978–1983)

Joey Ramone, c. 1980 Joeyramone.jpg
Joey Ramone, c. 1980

Tommy, tired of touring, left the band in early 1978. He continued as the Ramones' record producer under his birth name of Erdelyi. His position as drummer was filled by Marc Bell, who had been a member of the early 1970s hard rock band Dust, Wayne County, [54] and the pioneering punk group Richard Hell & the Voidoids. [55] Bell adopted the name Marky Ramone. Later that year, the band released their fourth studio album, and first with Marky, Road to Ruin . The album, co-produced by Tommy with Ed Stasium, included some new sounds such as acoustic guitar, several ballads, and the band's first two recorded songs longer than three minutes. It failed to reach the Billboard Top 100. However, "I Wanna Be Sedated", which appeared both on the album and as a single, would become one of the band's best-known songs. [56] The artwork on the album's cover was done by Punk magazine cofounder John Holmstrom. [57]

After the band's movie debut in Roger Corman's Rock 'n' Roll High School (1979), renowned producer Phil Spector became interested in the Ramones and produced their 1980 album End of the Century . There is a long-disputed rumor that during the recording sessions in Los Angeles, Spector held Johnny at gunpoint, forcing him to repeatedly play a riff. [58] Although it was to be the highest-charting album in the band's history—reaching number 44 in the United States and number 14 in Great Britain—Johnny made clear that he favored the band's more aggressive punk material: "End of the Century was just watered-down Ramones. It's not the real Ramones." [59] This stance was also conveyed by the title and track selection of the compilation album Johnny later oversaw, Loud, Fast Ramones: Their Toughest Hits . Despite these reservations, Johnny did concede that some of Spector's work with the band had merit, saying "It really worked when he got to a slower song like 'Danny Says'—the production really worked tremendously. 'Rock 'N' Roll Radio' is really good. For the harder stuff, it didn't work as well." [60] The string-laden Ronettes cover "Baby, I Love You" released as a single, became the band's biggest hit in Great Britain, reaching number 8 on the charts. [61]

Pleasant Dreams , the band's sixth album, was released in 1981. It continued the trend established by End of the Century, taking the band further from the raw punk sound of its early records. As described by Trouser Press , the album, produced by Graham Gouldman of UK pop act 10cc, moved the Ramones "away from their pioneering minimalism into heavy metal territory". [62] Johnny would contend in retrospect that this direction was a record company decision, a continued futile attempt to get airplay on American radio. [63] While Pleasant Dreams reached number 58 on the U.S. chart, its two singles failed to register at all. [64]

Subterranean Jungle , produced by Ritchie Cordell and Glen Kolotkin, was released in 1983. [65] According to Trouser Press, it brought the band "back to where they once belonged: junky '60s pop adjusted for current tastes", which among other things meant "easing off the breakneck rhythm that was once Ramones dogma." [62] Billy Rogers, who had performed with Johnny Thunders and the Heartbreakers, played drums on the album's second single, a cover of the Chambers Brothers' "Time Has Come Today", becoming the only song showing three different drummers: Rogers on recording, Marky on album credits and Richie on video clip. [66] Subterranean Jungle peaked at number 83 in the United States—it would be the last album by the band to crack the Billboard Top 100. [67] [68] In 2002, Rhino Records released a new version of it with seven bonus tracks. [69]

Shuffling members (1983–1989)

Joey and Dee Dee Ramone in concert, 1983 Ramones 1983 b.jpg
Joey and Dee Dee Ramone in concert, 1983
Ramones performing in Sao Paulo in 1987 Ramones em Sao Paulo em 1987.jpg
Ramones performing in São Paulo in 1987

After the release of Subterranean Jungle, Marky was fired from the band due to his alcoholism. [70] He was replaced by Richard Reinhardt, who adopted the name Richie Ramone. Joey Ramone remarked that "[Richie] saved the band as far as I'm concerned. He's the greatest thing to happen to the Ramones. He put the spirit back in the band." [71] Richie is the only Ramones drummer to sing lead vocals on Ramones songs, including "(You) Can't Say Anything Nice" as well as the unreleased "Elevator Operator." Joey Ramone commented, "Richie's very talented and he's very diverse ... He really strengthened the band a hundred percent because he sings backing tracks, he sings lead, and he sings with Dee Dee's stuff. In the past, it was always just me singing for the most part." [72] Richie was also the only drummer to be the sole composer of Ramones songs including their hit "Somebody Put Something in My Drink" as well as "Smash You", "Humankind", "I'm Not Jesus", "I Know Better Now" and "(You) Can't Say Anything Nice". Joey Ramone supported Richie's songwriting contributions: "I encouraged Richie to write songs. I figured it would make him feel more a part of the group, because we never let anybody else write our songs." [73] [74] Richie's composition, "Somebody Put Something in My Drink", remained a staple in the Ramones set list until their last show in 1996 and was included in the album Loud, Fast Ramones: Their Toughest Hits. [75] The eight-song bonus disc, The Ramones Smash You: Live '85, is also named after Richie's composition "Smash You".

The first album the Ramones recorded with Richie was Too Tough to Die in 1984, with Tommy Erdelyi and Ed Stasium returning as producers. The album marked a shift to something like the band's original sound. In the description of Allmusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine, the "rhythms are back up to jackhammer speed and the songs are down to short, terse statements." [76]

The band's main release of 1985 was the British single "Bonzo Goes to Bitburg"; though it was available in the United States only as an import, it was played widely on American college radio. [77] The song was written, primarily by Joey, in protest of Ronald Reagan's visit to a German military cemetery, which included graves of Waffen SS soldiers. [78] Retitled "My Brain Is Hanging Upside Down (Bonzo Goes to Bitburg)", the song appeared on the band's ninth studio album, Animal Boy (1986). Produced by Jean Beauvoir, formerly a member of the Plasmatics, the album was characterized by a Rolling Stone reviewer as "nonstop primal fuzz pop". [79] Making it his pick for "album of the week", New York Times critic Jon Pareles wrote that the Ramones "speak up for outcasts and disturbed individuals". [80]

The following year the band recorded their last album with Richie, Halfway to Sanity. Richie left in August 1987 after financial conflicts with Johnny that centered around him being refused a small percentage of the merchandising money, which had been requested based on his tenure with the band and their use of his name and image. [81] [82] Richie was replaced by Clem Burke from Blondie, which was disbanded at the time. According to Johnny, the performances with Burke—who adopted the name Elvis Ramone—were a disaster. He was fired after two performances (August 28 and 29, 1987) because his drumming could not keep up with the rest of the band. [81] In September, Marky, now clean and sober, returned to the band. [23]

In December 1988, the Ramones recorded material for their eleventh studio album, and what was supposed to be a "comeback" for the band, [83] [84] Brain Drain was co-produced by Beauvoir, Rey, and Bill Laswell. However, the bass parts were done by Daniel Rey and the Dictators' Andy Shernoff. Dee Dee Ramone would only record the additional vocals on the album citing that members of the band (including himself) were going through personal troubles and changes to the point where he did not want to be in the band anymore. Although it received mixed reviews upon its release in mid-1989, the album included the band's highest-charting hit in America, "Pet Sematary". [85]

Despite not wanting to be in the band anymore, Dee Dee (who was sober by this point) was present for the world tour for Brain Drain and played his last show with the Ramones on July 5, 1989, at One Step Beyond in Santa Clara. [86] He was replaced by Christopher Joseph Ward (C. J. Ramone), who performed with the band until it disbanded. Dee Dee initially pursued a brief career as a rapper under the name Dee Dee King. He quickly returned to punk rock and formed several bands, in much the same vein as the Ramones. He also continued to write songs for the Ramones, but never rejoined the band. [87]

Final years (1990–1996)

The band fulfilled their contract with Sire Records in 1991 after being on the label for over a decade and a half, ending with the release of Loco Live . After leaving Sire Records, Brett Gurewitz of Epitaph Records offered to sign the band, even traveling to a concert in Amsterdam and begging Joey and Johnny. Meanwhile, Stormy Shepard from Leave Home Bookings (who was booking then-up-and-coming bands like Rancid and The Offspring) negotiated with the Ramones: "I'll put you on tour with these bands that are huge now. They're your fans; you can do whatever you want. You'll be playing in front of kids who like this style of music." At the same time, the band's manager, Gary Kurfurst had just worked out a deal where he was gonna get his own record label, Radioactive Records. When CJ Ramone heard Johnny talking about signing to Kurfirst's label, he questioned: "Johnny, you've run this band for years. You carried it all yourself. I don't understand how you don't see the conflict of interest in signing to your manager's label. Just in terms of business, I don't understand how you don't see that. You're really throwing away the last few years of your career. Those Epitaph guys grew up listening to you. They will do anything to give you the business success you never had. Your manager will do the same thing he always has. He's going to throw his stuff out there. You're going to break through without anyone's support and you're going to face the rest of your career the way it's been up until now.", but Johnny replied: "When you have as many years in the business as I do, then you can make the decisions.". By Johnny's decision, the group ended up signing a new contract with Radioactive Records at the end of that year, the Ramones were soon able to start on sessions for what would become Mondo Bizarro (1992), [88] [89] [90] which saw them reunited with producer Ed Stasium. [91] Anticipated as a "comeback" for the band after years of decline in popularity, [92] [93] the album was certified Gold in Brazil after selling 100,000 copies, being the first Gold certification The Ramones were ever awarded, [94] [95] [96] while its lead single "Poison Heart" was another top ten hit in the US for the band. [85]

Acid Eaters , consisting entirely of cover songs, came out in 1993. [97] That same year, the Ramones were featured in the animated television series The Simpsons , providing music and voices for animated versions of themselves in the episode "Rosebud". [98] Executive producer David Mirkin described the Ramones as "gigantic, obsessive Simpsons fans."

In 1995, the Ramones released their fourteenth and final studio album ¡Adios Amigos! and announced that they would be disbanding the following year. [99] [100] Its sales were unremarkable, garnering it just two weeks on the lower end of the Billboard chart. [101] The band spent late 1995 on what was promoted as a farewell tour. However, they accepted an offer to appear in the sixth Lollapalooza festival, which toured around the United States during the following summer. [102] After the Lollapalooza tour's conclusion, the Ramones played their final show on August 6, 1996, at the Palace in Hollywood. A recording of the concert was later released on video and CD as We're Outta Here! In addition to a reappearance by Dee Dee, the show featured several guests including Motörhead's Lemmy, Pearl Jam's Eddie Vedder, Soundgarden's Chris Cornell and Ben Shepherd, and Rancid's Tim Armstrong and Lars Frederiksen. [3]

Aftermath and deaths of original members

On July 20, 1999, Dee Dee, Johnny, Joey, Tommy, Marky, and C. J. appeared together at the Virgin Megastore in New York City for an autograph signing. This was the last occasion on which the original four members of the group appeared together. Joey, who had been diagnosed with lymphoma in 1995, died of the illness on April 15, 2001, in New York. [4] [103] Tommy, Richie and C. J. were the only former bandmates to attend his funeral. [104] [105] [106] Joey and Marky, who had been involved in a feud, buried the hatchet and made up on live radio on the Howard Stern Show in 1999. [107] Joey and Richie had a close friendship during their time together in the band and the latter expressed sadness over not being able to reconnect with Joey before his passing. [108]

On March 18, 2002, the Ramones were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, which specifically named Dee Dee, Johnny, Joey, Tommy, and Marky. At the ceremony, the surviving inductees spoke on behalf of the band. Johnny spoke first, thanking the band's fans and blessing George W. Bush and his presidency, and America. Tommy spoke next, saying how honored the band felt, but how much it would have meant for Joey. Dee Dee humorously congratulated and thanked himself, while Marky thanked Tommy for influencing his drum style. Green Day played "Teenage Lobotomy", "Rockaway Beach", and "Blitzkrieg Bop" as a tribute, demonstrating the Ramones' continuing influence on later rock musicians. The ceremony was one of Dee Dee's last public appearances, as he was found dead on June 5, 2002, from a heroin overdose. [5]

On November 30, 2003, New York City unveiled a sign designating East 2nd Street at the corner of Bowery as Joey Ramone Place. The singer lived on East 2nd for a time, and the sign is near the former Bowery site of CBGB. [109] The documentary film End of the Century: The Story of the Ramones came out in 2004. Johnny, who had been diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1999, died on September 15, 2004, in Los Angeles, shortly after the film's release. [6] On the same day as Johnny's death, the world's first Ramones Museum opened its doors to the public. Located in Berlin, Germany, the museum features more than 300 items of memorabilia, including a pair of stage-worn jeans from Johnny, a stage-worn glove from Joey, Marky's sneakers, and C. J.'s stage-worn bass strap. [110] On October 8, 2004, Tommy Ramone, C. J. Ramone, Clem Burke, and Daniel Rey performed in the "Ramones Beat on Cancer" concert. [111]

The Ramones were inducted into the Long Island Music Hall of Fame in 2007. [112] That October saw the release of a DVD set containing concert footage of the band: It's Alive 1974–1996 includes 118 songs from 33 performances over the span of the group's career. [113] In February 2011 the group was honored with a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Drummers Tommy, Marky, and Richie attended the ceremony. [13] [14] Marky declared, "This is amazing. I never expected this. I'm sure Johnny, Joey, and Dee Dee would never have expected this." [13] Richie noted that it was the first time ever that all three drummers were under the same roof, and mused that he couldn't "help thinking that [Joey] is watching us right now with a little smile on his face behind his rose-colored glasses." [14]

On April 30, 2014, their debut album, Ramones , became certified Gold by the Recording Industry of America after selling 500,000 copies, 38 years after its release.

Arturo Vega, creative director from their formation in 1974 until their disbanding in 1996 and often considered the fifth Ramone, died of cancer on June 8, 2013, at the age of 65. [114] The final original member, Tommy Ramone, died on July 11, 2014, after a battle with bile duct cancer. [115]

On October 30, 2016, the band had a street in Queens, New York named for them. As of that date, the intersection of 67th Avenue and 110th Street in front of the main entrance of Forest Hills High School was officially named The Ramones Way. [116]

On April 15, 2021, the 20th anniversary of Joey Ramone's death, it was announced that Pete Davidson would portray Ramone in the upcoming Netflix biopic I Slept with Joey Ramone which is based on the 2009 memoir of the same name written by Ramone's brother Mickey Leigh. Leigh will serve as an executive producer with a script written by Davidson and director Jason Orley. [117]

Conflicts between members

Tension between Joey and Johnny colored much of the Ramones' career. The pair were politically antagonistic, with Joey being a liberal and Johnny a conservative. [118] Their personalities also clashed: Johnny, who spent two years in military school, lived by a strict code of self-discipline, [119] while Joey struggled with obsessive–compulsive disorder and alcoholism. [120] [121] In the early 1980s, Linda Danielle began a relationship with Johnny after having already been romantically involved with Joey, who had reportedly accused Johnny of "stealing" his girlfriend; this incident is believed to have been the inspiration behind "The KKK Took My Baby Away". [122] Consequently, despite their continued professional relationship, Joey and Johnny had become aloof from each other. [6] Johnny did not contact Joey before the latter's death, although he said that he was depressed for "the whole week" after his death. [81]

Dee Dee's bipolar disorder and repeated relapses into drug addiction also caused significant strains. [123] Tommy would also leave the band after being "physically threatened by Johnny, treated with contempt by Dee Dee, and all but ignored by Joey". [124] As new members joined over the years, disbursement and the band's image frequently became matters of serious dispute. [125] The tensions among the group members were not kept secret from the public as was heard on the Howard Stern radio show in 1997, where during the interview Marky and Joey got into a fight about their respective drinking habits. [126]

A year after the Ramones' breakup, Marky Ramone made disparaging remarks against C. J. in the press, calling him a "bigot," [127] a statement he would reiterate a decade later. [128] C. J. would later respond that he was unsure as to why Marky would make negative comments against him in the press though he denied that it had anything to do with his marrying Marky's niece. He also denied being a bigot. [129] Many years later, C. J. lamented that despite being the two surviving members of arguably the Ramones' most commercially successful era, and despite reaching out a few times to join him on stage, he and Marky were no longer in contact. [130]

Style

Musical style

The Ramones' loud, fast, straightforward musical style was influenced by pop music that the band members grew up listening to in the 1950s and 1960s, including classic rock groups such as Buddy Holly and the Crickets, the Beach Boys, the Who, the Beatles, the Kinks, Led Zeppelin, the Rolling Stones, the Doors and Creedence Clearwater Revival; bubblegum acts like the 1910 Fruitgum Company and Ohio Express; and girl groups such as the Ronettes and the Shangri-Las. They also drew on the harder rock sound of the MC5, Black Sabbath, [131] the Stooges and the New York Dolls, now known as seminal protopunk bands. [132] The Ramones' style was in part a reaction against the heavily produced, often bombastic music that dominated the pop charts in the 1970s. "We decided to start our own group because we were bored with everything we heard," Joey once explained. "In 1974 everything was tenth-generation Elton John, or overproduced, or just junk. Everything was long jams, long guitar solos  ... . We missed music like it used to be." [133] Ira Robbins and Scott Isler of Trouser Press describe the result:

With just four chords and one manic tempo, New York's Ramones blasted open the clogged arteries of mid-'70s rock, reanimating the music. Their genius was to recapture the short/simple aesthetic from which pop had strayed, adding a caustic sense of trash-culture humor and minimalist rhythm guitar sound. [134]

As leaders in the punk rock scene, the Ramones' music is strongly identified with that label. [63] It has been noted that their recordings also helped the subgenre pop-punk to develop. [135] [136] [137] Some have described certain Ramones songs as power pop. [138] [139] [140] Starting in the 1980s, the band sometimes veered into hardcore punk territory, as can be heard on albums such as Too Tough to Die . [134]

On stage, the band adopted a focused approach directly intended to increase the audience's concert experience. Johnny's instructions to C. J. when preparing for his first live performances with the group were to play facing the audience, to stand with the bass slung low between spread legs, and to walk forward to the front of stage at the same time as he did. Johnny was not a fan of guitarists who performed facing their drummer, amplifier, or other band members. [141]

Visual imagery

The Ramones' art and visual imagery complemented the themes of their music and performance. The members adopted a uniform look of long hair, leather jackets, T-shirts, torn jeans, and sneakers. This fashion emphasized minimalism—a powerful influence on the New York punk scene of the 1970s—and reflected the band's short, simple songs. [142] Tommy Ramone recalled that, musically and visually, "We were influenced by comic books, movies, the Andy Warhol scene, and avant-garde films. I was a big Mad magazine fan myself." [142]

The band's logo, based on the seal of the president of the United States Ramones logo.jpg
The band's logo, based on the seal of the president of the United States

The band's logo was created by New York City artist Arturo Vega, with guidance from the Ramones. Vega, a longtime friend, had allowed Joey and Dee Dee to move into his loft. [143] He produced the band's T-shirts—their main source of income—basing most of the images on a black-and-white self-portrait photograph he had taken of his American bald eagle belt buckle, which appeared on the back sleeve of the Ramones' first album. [144] He was inspired to create the band's logo after a trip to Washington, D.C.:

I saw them as the ultimate all-American band. To me, they reflected the American character in general—an almost childish innocent aggression ... . I thought, 'The Great Seal of the President of the United States' would be perfect for the Ramones, with the eagle holding arrows—to symbolize strength and the aggression that would be used against whomever dares to attack us—and an olive branch, offered to those who want to be friendly. But we decided to change it a little bit. Instead of the olive branch, we had an apple tree branch, since the Ramones were American as apple pie. And since Johnny was such a baseball fanatic, we had the eagle hold a baseball bat instead of the [Great Seal]'s arrows. [144]

The scroll in the eagle's beak originally read "Look out below", but this was soon changed to "Hey ho let's go" after the opening lyrics of the band's first single, "Blitzkrieg Bop". The arrowheads on the shield came from a design on a polyester shirt Vega had bought. "Ramones" was spelled out in block capitals above the logo using plastic stick-on letters. [28] Where the presidential emblem read "Seal of the President of the United States" clockwise in the border around the eagle, Vega placed the pseudonyms of the band members: Johnny, Joey, Dee Dee, and Tommy. Over the years the names in the border would change as the band's line-up fluctuated. [145]

"It's the American presidential seal—anyone can use it," said Marky Ramone of the logo's ubiquity. "We share the royalties on the t-shirt and on the merchandise. A lot of the kids wearing that shirt might not even have heard of the Ramones' music. I guess if you have the shirt, your curiosity might bring you to buy the music. Whatever, it is a strange phenomenon." [146]

Legacy and influence

The Ramones had a broad and lasting influence on the development of popular music. Music historian Jon Savage writes of their debut album that "it remains one of the few records that changed pop forever." [147] As described by AllMusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine, "The band's first four albums set the blueprint for punk, especially American punk and hardcore, for the next two decades." [148] Trouser Press's Robbins and Isler similarly wrote that the Ramones "not only spearheaded the original new wave/punk movement, but also drew the blueprint for subsequent hardcore punk bands". [134] Punk journalist Phil Strongman writes, "In purely musical terms, the Ramones, in attempting to re-create the excitement of pre-Dolby rock, were to cast a huge shadow—they had fused a blueprint for much of the indie future." [29] Writing for Slate in 2001, Douglas Wolk described the Ramones as "easily the most influential group of the last 30 years." [149]

Locally, several musicians who would play in New York hardcore bands cite the Ramones as an influence. These include members of the Beastie Boys, Gorilla Biscuits, the Misfits, and The Mob. [150] [151] [152] [153] Roger Miret of Agnostic Front has stated that Leave Home was the first album he bought with his own money. [154]

The Ramones' debut album had an outsized effect relative to its modest sales, particularly in the UK. According to Generation X bassist Tony James, "Everybody went up three gears the day they got that first Ramones album. Punk rock—that rama-lama super fast stuff—is totally down to the Ramones. Bands were just playing in an MC5 groove until then." [155] The Ramones' two July 1976 shows, like their debut album, are seen as having a significant impact on the style of many of the newly formed British punk acts—as one observer put it, "instantly nearly every band speeded up". [156] The Ramones' first British concert, at London's Roundhouse concert hall, was held on July 4, 1976, the United States Bicentennial. [157] The Sex Pistols were playing in Sheffield that evening, supported by the Clash, making their public debut. The next night, members of both bands attended the Ramones' gig at the Dingwall's club. Ramones manager Danny Fields recalls a conversation between Johnny Ramone and Clash bassist Paul Simonon (which he mislocates at the Roundhouse): "Johnny asked him, 'What do you do? Are you in a band?' Paul said, 'Well, we just rehearse. We call ourselves the Clash but we're not good enough.' Johnny said, 'Wait till you see us—we stink, we're lousy, we can't play. Just get out there and do it.'" [158] Another band whose members saw the Ramones perform, the Damned, played their first show two days later. Jimmy Pursey of Sham 69 has said that he considers the Ramones his band's "only blueprint". [159] The central fanzine of the early UK punk scene, Sniffin' Glue , was named after the song "Now I Wanna Sniff Some Glue", which appeared on the debut LP. [160]

Ramones concerts and recordings influenced many musicians central to the development of California punk, including Greg Ginn of Black Flag, [161] Jello Biafra of the Dead Kennedys, [162] Al Jourgensen of Ministry, [163] Mike Ness of Social Distortion, [164] Brett Gurewitz of Bad Religion, [165] and members of the Descendents. [166] Canada's first major punk scenes—in Toronto and in British Columbia's Victoria and Vancouver—were also heavily influenced by the Ramones. [48] [167] In the late 1970s, many bands emerged with musical styles deeply indebted to the band's. There were the Lurkers from England, [168] the Undertones from Ireland, [169] Teenage Head from Canada, [170] and the Zeros [171] and the Dickies [172] from southern California. The seminal hardcore band Bad Brains took its name from a Ramones song. [173] The Riverdales emulated the sound of the Ramones throughout their career. [174] Green Day frontman Billie Joe Armstrong named his son Joey in homage to Joey Ramone, and drummer Tré Cool named his daughter Ramona. [175]

The Ramones also influenced musicians associated with other genres, such as heavy metal. Their influence on metal gave birth to the punk-metal "fusion" genre of thrash. Metallica guitarist Kirk Hammett, one of the originators of thrash guitar, has described the importance of Johnny's rapid-fire guitar playing style to his own musical development. [176] Motörhead lead singer Lemmy, a friend of the Ramones since the late 1970s, mixed the band's "Go Home Ann" in 1985. The members of Motörhead later composed the song "R.A.M.O.N.E.S." as a tribute, and Lemmy performed at the final Ramones concert in 1996. [177] Paul Dianno, who sang on Iron Maiden's first two albums has called the Ramones his "favorite band," and often performs Ramones material in his live shows. [178] In the realm of alternative rock, the song "53rd & 3rd" lent its name to a British indie pop label cofounded by Stephen Pastel of the Scottish band the Pastels. Evan Dando of the Lemonheads, [179] Dave Grohl of Nirvana and Foo Fighters, [160] Mike Portnoy of Dream Theater, Eddie Vedder of Pearl Jam [180] (who introduced the band members at their Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction) and the Strokes [181] are among the many alternative rock and metal musicians who have credited the Ramones with inspiring them. [182]

The band members were also individually influential. Johnny Ramone was named one of Time's "10 Greatest Electric-Guitar Players" in 2003. [183] That same year, he was number 16 on the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" list in Rolling Stone . [184]

"We think of the Ramones as a classic, iconic band," observed Gene Simmons. "They have one gold record to their name. They never played arenas; couldn't sell them out. It was a failed band. It doesn't mean they weren't great. It means the masses didn't care." [185]

The French animated series Oggy and the Cockroaches features a trio of anthropomorphic cockroaches named after three members of the band — Joey, Marky and Dee Dee.

Tribute albums

In April 2009, Spin writer Mark Prindle observed that the Ramones had to date "inspired a jaw-dropping 48 (at least!) full-length tribute records." [186] The first Ramones tribute album featuring multiple performers was released in 1991: Gabba Gabba Hey: A Tribute to the Ramones includes tracks by such acts as the Flesh Eaters, L7, Mojo Nixon, and Bad Religion. [182] In 2001, Dee Dee made a guest appearance on one track of Ramones Maniacs , a multi-artist cover of the entire Ramones Mania compilation album. The Song Ramones the Same , which came out the following year, includes performances by the Dictators, who were part of the early New York punk scene, and Wayne Kramer, guitarist for the influential protopunk band MC5. We're a Happy Family: A Tribute to Ramones , released in 2003, features performers such as Rancid, Green Day, Metallica, KISS, the Offspring, Red Hot Chili Peppers, U2, and Rob Zombie (who also did the album cover artwork). [187] Also some other famous bands recorded tribute songs. Motörhead's Phil Campbell tells in Jari-Pekka Laitio-Ramone's book Ramones: Soundtrack Of Our Lives: "We did a cover of Rockaway Beach with me on backing vocals, which was quite enjoyable. When Johnny Ramone heard it, he refused to put it on the tribute album. Lemmy and I thought we did a good version." [188]

Punk bands such as Screeching Weasel, the Vindictives, the Queers, Parasites, the Mr. T Experience, Boris the Sprinkler, Beatnik Termites, Tip Toppers, Jon Cougar Concentration Camp, and McRackins have recorded cover versions of entire Ramones albums—Ramones, Leave Home, Rocket to Russia, It's Alive, Road to Ruin, End of the Century, Pleasant Dreams, Subterranean Jungle, two versions of Too Tough to Die, and Halfway To Sanity, respectively. [186] [189] The Huntingtons' File Under Ramones consists of Ramones covers from across the band's history. [190]

Shonen Knife, an all-female trio from Osaka, Japan, was formed in 1981 as a direct result of founder-lead singer-guitarist Naoko Yamano's instant infatuation with the music of the Ramones. In 2012, to observe the band's 30th anniversary, Shonen Knife released Osaka Ramones , which featured thirteen Ramones songs covered by the band. [191] There are also many other tribute albums listed on Jari-Pekka Laitio-Ramone's site. [192]

Members

Former members

Timeline

Ramones

Discography

Studio albums

See also

Notes

  1. The band is often referred to as the Ramones, though most of the band's releases refer to them as simply "Ramones". Some compilation albums use "The Ramones".

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joey Ramone</span> American punk rock singer (1951–2001)

Jeffrey Ross Hyman, known professionally as Joey Ramone, was an American singer, best known as the lead vocalist and a founding member of the punk rock band Ramones. His image, voice, and his tenure with the Ramones made him a countercultural icon. He, along with the guitarist Johnny Ramone, are the only two original members who stayed in the band until the disbandment in 1996.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dee Dee Ramone</span> American bassist (1951–2002)

Douglas Glenn Colvin, better known by his stage name Dee Dee Ramone, was an American musician. He was the bassist and a founding member of the punk rock band the Ramones. Throughout the band's existence, he was the most prolific lyricist and composer, writing many of their best-known songs, such as "53rd & 3rd", "Chinese Rock", "Commando", "Wart Hog", "Rockaway Beach", "Poison Heart" and "Bonzo Goes To Bitburg". The latter won the New York Music Award for best independent single of the year in 1986, while Animal Boy, which the song is from, won for best album.

<i>Rocket to Russia</i> 1977 studio album by the Ramones

Rocket to Russia is the third studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, and was released on November 4, 1977, through Sire Records. It is the band's last album to feature original drummer Tommy Ramone, who left the band in 1978 to focus on production. The album's origins date back to the summer of 1977, when "Sheena Is a Punk Rocker" was released as a single. That summer was known as the peak of the punk rock genre since many punk bands were offered recording contracts. The album's recording began in August 1977, and the band had a considerably larger budget with Sire allowing them between $25,000 and $30,000; much of this money went toward the album's production rather than recording.

<i>Ramones</i> (album) 1976 studio album by the Ramones

Ramones is the debut studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, released on April 23, 1976, by Sire Records. After Hit Parader editor Lisa Robinson saw the band at a gig in New York City, she wrote about them in an article and contacted Danny Fields, insisting that he be their manager. Fields agreed and convinced Craig Leon to produce Ramones, and the band recorded a demo for prospective record labels. Leon persuaded Sire president Seymour Stein to listen to the band perform, and he later offered the band a recording contract. The Ramones began recording in January 1976, needing only seven days and $6,400 to record the album.

<i>End of the Century</i> 1980 studio album by the Ramones

End of the Century is the fifth studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, released on February 4, 1980, through Sire Records. The album was the band's first to be produced by Phil Spector, though he had offered the band his assistance earlier in their career. With Spector fully producing the album, it was the first release that excluded original member Tommy Ramone, who had left the band in 1978 but had produced their previous album Road to Ruin. Spector used more advanced standards of engineering, such as high-quality overdubbing and echo chambers. These painstaking methods caused conflict between the band and Spector since the Ramones were accustomed to a quicker recording process. Spector emphasized the production value as well, working with a budget of around $200,000, far exceeding their earlier album sessions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marky Ramone</span> American drummer (born 1952)

Marc Steven Bell is an American drummer. He began playing in hard rock bands in the New York City area, notably Dust and Estus. He was asked to drum for punk rock band Richard Hell and the Voidoids. He replaced drummer Tommy Ramone in the Ramones in 1978, and went by the stage name Marky Ramone from then on. He has also played drums for other punk rock and heavy metal bands, including his own band Marky Ramone and the Intruders. He continues to keep the Ramones legacy alive around the world with his band Marky Ramone's Blitzkrieg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Johnny Ramone</span> American guitarist (1948–2004)

John William Cummings, better known by his stage name Johnny Ramone, was an American musician who was the guitarist and a founding member of the Ramones, a band that helped pioneer the punk movement. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2002. Until the band's disbandment in 1996, Johnny, along with the lead vocalist Joey Ramone, were the only two original members who stayed since its inception.

<i>Road to Ruin</i> (Ramones album) 1978 studio album by the Ramones

Road to Ruin is the fourth studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, released on September 22, 1978, through Sire Records as LP record, 8 track cartridge & audio cassette. It was the first Ramones album to feature new drummer Marky Ramone, who replaced Tommy Ramone. Tommy left the band due to low sales of previous albums as well as stress he experienced while touring; however, he stayed with the band to produce the album with Ed Stasium. The artwork's concept was designed by Ramones fan Gus MacDonald and later modified by John Holmstrom to include Marky instead of Tommy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tommy Ramone</span> Hungarian-American drummer (1949–2014)

Thomas Erdelyi, known professionally as Tommy Ramone, was a Hungarian-American musician. He was the drummer for the influential punk rock band the Ramones from its debut in 1974 to 1978, later serving as its producer, and was the longest-surviving original member of the Ramones.

<i>Pleasant Dreams</i> 1981 studio album by the Ramones

Pleasant Dreams is the sixth studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, released on July 20, 1981, through Sire Records. While the band members wanted Steve Lillywhite to produce, Sire chose Graham Gouldman in an attempt to gain popularity through a well-known producer. The recording process brought about many conflicts between band members, most notably the strife between Joey Ramone and Johnny Ramone, due to Johnny starting a relationship with Joey's girlfriend. There were also disputes about the overall direction of the album, with Johnny leaning towards hard rock and Joey towards pop punk. Ultimately, the album incorporated high production values and varying musical styles, straying from traditional punk rock on songs such as "We Want the Airwaves", "She's a Sensation" and "Come On Now". It is the first Ramones album not to feature any cover songs.

<i>Leave Home</i> 1977 studio album by the Ramones

Leave Home is the second studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones. It was released on January 10, 1977, through Sire Records, with the expanded CD being released through Rhino Entertainment on June 19, 2001. Songs on the album were written immediately after the band's first album's writing process, which demonstrated the band's progression. The album had a higher production value than their debut Ramones and featured faster tempos. The front photo was taken by Moshe Brakha and the back cover, which would become the band's logo, was designed by Arturo Vega. The album spawned three singles, but only one succeeded in charting. It was also promoted with several tour dates in the United States and Europe.

<i>Halfway to Sanity</i> 1987 studio album by the Ramones

Halfway to Sanity is the 10th studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, and their last album to feature drummer Richie Ramone. It was produced by Daniel Rey and released on September 15, 1987, by Sire Records. Recording sessions began that April at Intergalactic Studios in New York City, with the band recording instruments before vocals in order to learn songs more quickly. It fared well on charts outside the United States, but peaked at No. 172 on the Billboard 200.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richie Ramone</span> American drummer (born 1957)

Richard Reinhardt is an American drummer best known by his stage name Richie Ramone, and for being the drummer for the punk band the Ramones from February 1983 until August 1987. As of 2024, he is one of four surviving members of the band, the others being Marky Ramone, Elvis Ramone, and C.J. Ramone. Richie appeared on three studio albums with the Ramones and played on Joey Ramone's second solo album ...Ya Know? He has later released three solo albums and currently fronts his own solo band.

<i>Subterranean Jungle</i> 1983 studio album by the Ramones

Subterranean Jungle is the seventh studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, released by Sire Records on February 23, 1983. Overall, the album featured a return to a somewhat more hard punk rock style compared to the band's previous two albums End of the Century in 1980, and Pleasant Dreams in 1981, which were the most pop-focused of the band's career. This direction was encouraged by guitarist Johnny Ramone. The recording sessions saw disputes between band members, mainly due to struggles with alcohol addiction by Joey Ramone and Marky Ramone, and the drug addiction of Dee Dee Ramone.

<i>Too Tough to Die</i> 1984 studio album by the Ramones

Too Tough to Die is the eighth studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones. It was released on October 1, 1984, and is the first Ramones record to feature Richie Ramone on drums. With ex-member Tommy Ramone producing, the recording process was similar to that of the band's 1976 self-titled debut album. Likewise, the record's style—both lyrically and compositionally—saw the band returning to their roots. The photograph on the album cover, which features silhouettes of the band members, resulted from a "lucky accident" after photographer George DuBose's camera malfunctioned.

<i>Animal Boy</i> 1986 studio album by Ramones

Animal Boy is the ninth studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, released through Sire Records on May 19, 1986. Due to conflicts within the group, the album features less of lead singer Joey Ramone, both in performing and writing, and less performing from guitarist Johnny Ramone. Bassist Dee Dee Ramone wrote and sang more on this album than on previous albums, and Richie Ramone became the first drummer to write songs for the band since Tommy Ramone, the band's original drummer. Richie also wrote for Too Tough To Die (1984). The album spawned four singles, all of which charted on the UK Singles Chart, as well as other charts. In addition to singles, the band promoted their album using a music video for "Something to Believe In", which parodied the contemporary benefit concerts Live Aid and Hands Across America.

<i>Weird Tales of the Ramones</i> 2005 compilation album by The Ramones

Weird Tales of the Ramones is a box set compilation by American punk band the Ramones. It was released on August 16, 2005. There are 85 songs on 3 CDs, plus a DVD containing the feature "Lifestyles of the Ramones", a documentary featuring several of their music videos up to 1990 interspersed by interview clips with the band and figures in pop culture, plus the music videos released by the band after the release of the main feature on the DVD. The set was compiled by Johnny Ramone and released by Rhino Records.

<i>Loud, Fast Ramones: Their Toughest Hits</i> 2002 greatest hits album by The Ramones

Loud, Fast Ramones: Their Toughest Hits is a compilation of Ramones songs. Curated by Johnny Ramone, the initial 50,000 copies of the album include the 8-song bonus disc Ramones Smash You: Live ’85. The bonus disc features previously unreleased live recordings made on February 25, 1985 at the Lyceum Theatre in London. It is notable for being the only officially released live recording on CD to feature Richie Ramone on drums.

"Teenage Lobotomy" is a song by the American punk rock band Ramones. It was released on their 1977 album Rocket to Russia, and became one of their most popular songs.

<i>Morrissey Curates The Ramones</i> 2014 greatest hits album by The Ramones

Morrissey Curates The Ramones is a compilation album by the American punk rock band the Ramones, compiled by British musician Morrissey. It consists primarily of songs from their first four albums, Ramones, Leave Home, Rocket to Russia, and Road to Ruin. While Morrissey initially wrote a negative review of the Ramones 1976 debut album in Melody Maker, he was invited by the band's management to pick the tracks for the compilation. The album was released on vinyl on November 28, 2014, and limited to 9,000 copies.

References

  1. https://audiophix.com/posts/were-the-ramones-the-most-influential-punk-rock-band-ever-01hk3mfp43aj
  2. 1 2 3 "Ramones". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame + Museum. September 15, 2004. Archived from the original on July 10, 2015. Retrieved July 9, 2015.
  3. 1 2 Schinder (2007), pp. 559–560.
  4. 1 2 3 Powers, Ann (April 17, 2001). "Joey Ramone, Raw-Voiced Pioneer of Punk Rock, Dies at 49". The New York Times . Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  5. 1 2 Pareles, Jon (June 7, 2002). "Dee Dee Ramone, Pioneer Punk Rocker, Dies at 50". The New York Times. Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  6. 1 2 3 Sisario, Ben (September 16, 2004). "Johnny Ramone, Signal Guitarist for the Ramones, Dies at 55". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 17, 2009. Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  7. "Tommy Ramone dies aged 62". The Guardian . Australian Associated Press. July 12, 2014. Archived from the original on July 12, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  8. Gilmore, Mikal (May 19, 2016). "The Curse of the Ramones". Rolling Stone .
  9. "100 Greatest Artists". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on October 19, 2012. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  10. "100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock". VH1. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  11. "50 Greatest Bands Of All Time". Spin. February 2002. Archived from the original on August 25, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  12. Vineyard, Jennifer (March 19, 2002). "Vedder Rambles, Green Day Scramble As Ramones Enter Hall". VH1. Archived from the original on December 2, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  13. 1 2 3 Sterndan, Darryl (February 13, 2011). "Ramones Honoured with Lifetime Achievement Grammy". Toronto Sun . Archived from the original on February 15, 2011. Retrieved February 13, 2011.
  14. 1 2 3 "Ramone Family Acceptance at Special Merit Awards Ceremony". The Recording Academy. Archived from the original on August 6, 2011. Retrieved February 21, 2012.
  15. Laitio-Ramone, Jari-Pekka (1997). "Tangerine Puppets (Interview with Richard Adler)". Jari-Pekka Laitio-Ramonen Henkilökohtainen Kotisivutuotos. Archived from the original on January 4, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  16. "End of the Century: The Ramones". Independent Lens. PBS. Archived from the original on November 10, 2012. Retrieved November 7, 2009.
  17. Enright, Michael (April 20, 2001). "Pal Joey". Time . Archived from the original on December 5, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
  18. McNeil and McCain (1996), pp. 181, 496.
  19. "The Age of Reason". Garagehangover.com. Retrieved November 8, 2019.
  20. Ramone, Johnny (April 2012). Commando: The Autobiography of Johnny Ramone. New York City, New York: Abrams Image. ISBN   9780810996601. Archived from the original on December 8, 2017. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
  21. 1 2 Melnick and Meyer (2003), p. 32.
  22. Sandford (2006), p. 11.
  23. 1 2 3 "Interview with Marky Ramone". PunkBands.com. November 30, 1999. Archived from the original on March 19, 2006. Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  24. Melnick and Meyer (2003), p. 33.
  25. Johnny Ramone - Timeline Photos Archived February 2, 2016, at the Wayback Machine . Facebook. Retrieved on September 20, 2015.
  26. "End of the Century: The Ramones". PBS. Archived from the original on May 6, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  27. Melnick and Meyer (2003), p. 101.
  28. 1 2 Bessman (1993), p. 211.
  29. 1 2 Strongman (2008), p. 62.
  30. Savage (1992), pp. 130, 156.
  31. Quoted in Strongman (2008), p. 61.
  32. 1 2 Shirley (2005), p. 110.
  33. Leigh and McNeil (2009), p. 258.
  34. MacDonald, Les (December 23, 2013). The Day the Music Died. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN   9781453522677. Archived from the original on February 17, 2017. Retrieved August 30, 2014. Dee Dee was the main writer even though the band shared the songwriting credits
  35. "Who wrote what? By Tommy Ramone". YouTube. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  36. Schnider (2007), pp. 543–44.
  37. Bessman (1993), pp. 48, 50; Miles, Scott, and Morgan (2005), p. 136.
  38. Taylor (2003), pp. 16–17.
  39. Quoted in Bessman (1993), p. 55.
  40. Nelson, Paul (July 29, 1976). "Album Reviews: Ramones: Ramones". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
  41. Quoted in Bessman (1993), p. 56.
  42. Bessman (1993), p. 55.
  43. "Ramones Biography". Billboard . Prometheus Global Media. Archived from the original on June 13, 2015. Retrieved August 30, 2014.
  44. Ramone and Kofman (2000), p. 77.
  45. "Linda Stein, 62, Manager/Real Estate Broker: Pioneer of Punk Music Killed in N.Y. Apartment". Variety. November 1, 2007. Archived from the original on January 6, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  46. Laney, Karen (September 30, 2012). "Late T. Rex Singer Marc Bolan's Girlfriend Gloria Jones Keeps His Memory Alive". Ultimate Classic Rock. Archived from the original on September 4, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2014.
  47. Whitmore, Greg (July 12, 2014). "40 years of Ramones – in pictures". The Guardian . Archived from the original on September 10, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2014.
  48. 1 2 Worth, Liz (June 2007). "A Canadian Punk Revival". Exclaim. Archived from the original on May 6, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  49. Jones, Chris (January 24, 2008). "The Ramones Leave Home". BBC. Archived from the original on January 14, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  50. Stephen Thomas Erlewine (August 12, 1976). "Leave Home – The Ramones". AllMusic. Archived from the original on August 17, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  51. "Charts & Awards Rocket to Russia". Allmusic . Retrieved October 20, 2009.
  52. Marsh, Dave (December 15, 1977). "Album Reviews: Ramones: Rocket to Russia". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
  53. Stim (2006), p. 221.
  54. "Cast and Crew: Marky Ramone". IFC.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2011. Retrieved March 8, 2010.
  55. Ankeny, Jason. "Biography Markey Ramone". Allmusic. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
  56. Boldman, Gina. "I Wanna Be Sedated". Allmusic. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  57. Morgan, Jeffrey (February 4, 2004). "John Holmstrom: Floating in a Bottle of Formaldehyde". Metro Times . Times-Shamrock Communications. Archived from the original on June 5, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  58. Harlow, John (March 18, 2007). "Spector Calls Ex-Wife for Murder Defence". Sunday Times. Archived from the original on June 4, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  59. Leigh and McNeil (2009), p. 201.
  60. Devenish, Colin (June 24, 2002). "Johnny Ramone Stays Tough: Ramones Guitarist Reflects on Dee Dee's Death and the Difficult Eighties". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009. Retrieved from Internet Archive December 16, 2013.
  61. "Joey Ramone Obituary". The Daily Telegraph . April 17, 2001. Archived from the original on December 25, 2009. Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  62. 1 2 Isler and Robbins (1991), p. 533.
  63. 1 2 "The Ramones". MTV. Archived from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  64. "Charts & Awards Pleasant Dreams". Allmusic . Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  65. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Overview Subterranean Jungle". Allmusic . Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  66. Gaines, Donna (2007). A Misfit's Manifesto: the Sociological Memoir of a Rock & Roll Heart . Rutgers University Press. p.  198. ISBN   978-0-8135-4054-2 . Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  67. "Charts & Awards Subterranean Jungle". Allmusic . Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  68. "Chart History—The Ramones". Billboard . Retrieved November 7, 2009.
  69. "Brooklyn based Music Blog: Anachronique : Ramones (Glam Rock)". Still in Rock. February 26, 2004. Archived from the original on April 18, 2014. Retrieved April 19, 2014.
  70. Bessman (1993), p. 127.
  71. "Ramones Get Back the Spirit". Bignoisenow.com. Archived from the original on May 3, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  72. Leigh, Mickey (2009). I Slept With Joey Ramone . Touchstone. p.  229. ISBN   978-0-7432-5216-4.
  73. Leigh, Mickey (2009). I Slept With Joey Ramone . Touchstone. p.  230. ISBN   978-0-7432-5216-4.
  74. True, Everett (2002). Hey Ho Let's Go: The Story of The Ramones. Omnibus Press. p.  208. ISBN   0-7119-9108-1.
  75. Ramone, Johnny (2012). Commando: The Autobiography of Johnny Ramone. Abrams. p. 133. ISBN   978-0810996601.
  76. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Too Tough to Die Review". Allmusic. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
  77. Jaffee, Larry (November–December 1985). "Disc Spells Hit Time for Bonzo". Mother Jones. p. 10.
  78. Rivadavia, Eduardo. "Animal Boy Review". Allmusic. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  79. Fricke, David (July 17, 1986). "The Ramones: Animal Boy". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on February 23, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  80. Quoted in Bessman (1993), p. 136.
  81. 1 2 3 From the film End of the Century: The Story of the Ramones
  82. Richie Ramone & Eric Blair Talk Ramones & New Book 2018 , retrieved July 16, 2022
  83. "The Ramones' Brain Drain: The Untold Story". joelgausten.com. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
  84. "Readers' Poll: The 10 Best Ramones Albums". Rolling Stone . Retrieved January 23, 2021.
  85. 1 2 "Ramones Chart History: Alternative Airplay". Billboard . Retrieved January 23, 2021.
  86. "Silicon Alleys: Club Owner Recalls the Fights That Fueled the Ramones' Performances". Metro Silicon Valley . July 3, 2019. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
  87. D'Angelo, Joe & Gideon Yago (June 6, 2002). "Dee Dee Ramone Found Dead In Los Angeles". MTV News. Archived from the original on March 8, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  88. Punknews.org (October 22, 2015). "Interviews: CJ Ramone". www.punknews.org. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
  89. "CJ Ramone interview". markprindle.com. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
  90. "'Mondo Bizarro': How Ramones Returned Refreshed For The 90s". Dig!. Retrieved December 26, 2022.
  91. Rivadavia, Eduardo. "Overview Mondo Bizarro". Allmusic . Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  92. "ASLEEP AT THE TOP ZZ TOP PLAYS IT SAFE -- AND STALE". The Buffalo News . Retrieved May 26, 2021.
  93. "ADIOS, RAMONES?". Sun-Sentinel . Retrieved May 26, 2021.
  94. "Associação Brasileira dos Produtores de Discos – ABPD". Archived from the original on April 12, 2018. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  95. Marcel Plasse, "RAMONES" Archived February 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine , Folha de São Paulo
  96. "Award footage by MTV Brasil". YouTube . Archived from the original on May 4, 2014. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  97. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Overview Acid Eaters". Allmusic . Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  98. "The Simpsons "Rosebud"". BBC. Archived from the original on April 5, 2010. Retrieved November 3, 2009.
  99. Newman, Melinda (May 27, 1995). "Looks Like 'Adios Amigos' For Ramones". Billboard . p. 12. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013. Retrieved February 20, 2010.
  100. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Overview ¡Adios Amigos!". Allmusic . Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  101. "Chart History ¡Adios Amigos!". Billboard . Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  102. Beowülf, David Lee. "Intruder Alert! Intruder Alert! Marky Ramone". Ink 19. Archived from the original on June 21, 2009. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  103. Schinder (2007), p. 560.
  104. NME (April 18, 2001). "JOEY RAMONE LAID TO REST". NME. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  105. Bowe, Brian J. (2019). The Ramones. New York: Enslow Publishing, LLC. p. 82. ISBN   978-1-9785-0410-3.
  106. Features, Dan Alleva. "Richie Ramone—Too Tough to Die". The Aquarian. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  107. "YouTube". YouTube. Archived from the original on December 1, 2012.
  108. Features, Dan Alleva. "Richie Ramone—Too Tough to Die". The Aquarian. Retrieved July 22, 2022.
  109. Wakin, Daniel J. (November 29, 2003). "Hey Ho, Let's Go Downtown to Joey Ramone Place". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 16, 2010. Retrieved May 19, 2010.
  110. "Ramones Museum". Archived from the original on February 9, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  111. "RAMONES: BE WELL: RAMONES BEAT ON CANCER -SHOW". www.ramonesheaven.com. Retrieved December 19, 2021.
  112. "Inductees". Long Island Music Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on February 17, 2007. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  113. "DVD Set To Be Released Featuring over 4 Hours of the Ramones Live at Work". Side-line.com. Archived from the original on December 2, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  114. Yardley, William (June 11, 2013). "Arturo Vega, Shepherd for the Ramones, Dies at 65". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 25, 2018. Retrieved January 25, 2019.
  115. "Tommy Ramone dies aged 62". The Guardian . July 12, 2014. Archived from the original on July 12, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  116. Chappell, Bill (October 30, 2016). "The Ramones Way: Street At Rockers' High School Is Renamed For Band". NPR . Archived from the original on November 3, 2016. Retrieved November 3, 2016.
  117. "Pete Davidson to Play Joey Ramone in Netflix Biopic I Slept With Joey Ramone". consequence.net. April 15, 2021. Retrieved April 15, 2021.
  118. Gill, Kamen (1985). "Ramones Interview". V.O.M. Surrey, British Columbia, Canada (2): 4–5 via Internet Archive.
  119. Bessman (1993), pp. 18, 82.
  120. Leland, John (April 22, 2001). "Tribute: A Star of Anti-Charisma, Joey Ramone Made Geeks Chic". The New York Times. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  121. "Joey Ramone". Telegraph. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved April 19, 2014.
  122. Leigh, Mickey. I Slept with Joey Ramone: A Family Memoir, p. 216 (2009)
  123. Melnick and Meyer (2003).
  124. Beeber (2006), p. 121.
  125. St. Thomas, Maggie (December 3, 2001). "The Ramones Confidentials—Part III (Interview with C.J. Ramone)". Livewire. Archived from the original on October 14, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  126. Leigh and McNeil (2009), pp. 343–344.
  127. Coozer, Adam (November 30, 1998). "Hey Ho, Let's Go Downtown to Joey Ramone Place". Read Junk. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  128. Prindle, Mark. "Marky Ramone - 2008". Mark's Record Reviews. Archived from the original on October 11, 2018. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  129. Prindle, Mark. "CJ Ramone - 2009". Mark's Record Reviews. Archived from the original on September 27, 2018. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  130. Sigler, Gabriel (May 12, 2017). "CJ Ramone: 'I wanted to bring back what the Ramones lost over the years'". Bad Feeling Magazine. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  131. Millard, André (2004). The Electric Guitar: A History of an American Icon. JHU Press. p. 206. ISBN   0-8018-7862-4.
  132. Bessman (1993), pp. 17–18; Morris, Chris (April 29, 2001). "Joey Ramone, Punk's First Icon, Dies". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 4, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009. "The Musical Misfits". BBC. April 16, 2001. Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  133. Edelstein and McDonough (1990), p. 178.
  134. 1 2 3 Isler and Robbins (1991), p. 532.
  135. Robinson, Joe (January 23, 2013). "10 Best Pop-Punk Songs". Diffuser.fm . Archived from the original on January 12, 2019. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  136. Heller, Jason (February 26, 2018). "How 1978 Kicked Off the Explosion of Pop-Punk". Noisey . Archived from the original on January 12, 2019. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  137. "Ramones Discography LPs". punk77.co.uk. Archived from the original on December 21, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2009. "End of the Century: The Ramones". PBS. Archived from the original on May 6, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  138. Zivkovic, Ljubinko (December 31, 2021). "Power Pop: The Genre That Refuses To Go Away". Medium. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  139. "The Ramones". Power Pop Hall of Fame. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  140. Holmstrom, John (December 2004). "Happy Family Interviews". RamonesMania.com. Archived from the original on May 25, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  141. Fricke, David (1999). Hey Ho Let's Go!: The Anthology liner notes. Rhino Entertainment, R2 75817.
  142. 1 2 Colegrave and Sullivan (2001), p. 67.
  143. McNeil and McCain (1996), p. 211.
  144. 1 2 Bessman (1993), p. 40.
  145. Vega, Arturo. "My Ramones World". RamonesWorld.com. Archived from the original on November 28, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  146. Fortnam, Ian: "Heavy load"; Classic Rock #216, November 2015, p138
  147. Savage (1992), p. 553.
  148. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "The Ramones: Biography". Allmusic. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  149. Wolk, Douglas (April 18, 2001). "I Wanna Be Joey". Slate. Archived from the original on January 31, 2011. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  150. Under the influence Walter Schreifels
  151. Danzig. The story behind their debut album
  152. Loudwire
  153. From the NYHC archives Jack Flanagan
  154. Record Collector: Roger Miret (Agnostic Front)
  155. Quoted in Strongman (2008), p. 111.
  156. Robb (2006), p. 198. See also p. 201 for a similar report.
  157. "In Pictures: Ramones at the roundhouse". 50.roundhouse.org.uk. Archived from the original on November 24, 2016. Retrieved November 23, 2016.
  158. Colegrave and Sullivan (2005), p. 234.
  159. Adam White (2007). "Sham 69's Jimmy Pursey speaks out on former bandmates' North American tour". Punknews.org.
  160. 1 2 Grohl, Dave (December 1981). "Punk Fiction". Foo Archive/Radio 1. Archived from the original on December 6, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  161. Sinclair, Mick (December 1981). "Black Flag". Sounds. Mick Sinclair Archives. Archived from the original on March 14, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  162. Bayles (1996), p. 314.
  163. "ministry IE". Condor.depaul.edu. Archived from the original on June 15, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  164. Appleford, Steve (October 6, 2005). "Mike Ness". LA CityBeat. Archived from the original on June 17, 2009. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
  165. Lyxzén, Dennis (June 2004). "Bad Religion's Brett Gurewitz Exclusively Interviewed by (International) Noise Conspiracy's Dennis Lyxzén: Back To The Beginning". Exclaim. Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  166. "Descendents F.A.Q." DescendentsOnline.com [official band site]. Archived from the original on December 3, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2009.Rashidi, Waleed (2002). "Descendents". Mean Street. Archived from the original on October 27, 2006. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  167. Keithley (2004), pp. 30, 63; Mercer, Laurie. "Tom Holliston Biography". Allmusic. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  168. Spicer (2003), p. 349.
  169. McNett, Gavin. "Teenage Kicks". Salon. Archived from the original on April 10, 2000. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  170. Rockingham, Graham (April 22, 2008). "Teenage Head: Still Some Kinda Fun". Hamilton Spectator. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  171. Spitz and Mullen (2001), p. 82.
  172. Strongman (2008), p. 213.
  173. Barry, John (October 15, 2008). "I Against I". Baltimore City Paper. Archived from the original on October 4, 2011. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  174. Spano, Charles. "Overview: The Riverdales". Allmusic . Archived from the original on November 19, 2002. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  175. Moss, Corey (April 17, 2001). "Peers Praise Joey Ramone, The Man And The Musician". MTV. Archived from the original on April 3, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  176. Young, Charles M. (September 16, 2004). "Johnny's Last Stand". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 3, 2009. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
  177. Myers, Sarah L. (May 14, 2007). "The Head Cat: Lemmy interview". Thirsty. Archived from the original on November 9, 2009. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  178. Hartmann, Graham (November 16, 2012). "Former Iron Maiden Singer Paul Di'Anno Flips Out at Heckler Yelling 'Bruce Dickinson'". Loudwire.com. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
  179. Keene, Jarret (November 29, 2007). "Candy Man". Tucson Weekly. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  180. Kerr, Dave. (May 2006). "Explore and Not Explode". The Skinny . Archived from the original on September 30, 2008. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  181. Roach (2003), pp. 60–63.
  182. 1 2 Henderson, Alex. "Overview: Gabba Gabba Hey: A Tribute to the Ramones". Allmusic . Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  183. Tyrangiel, Josh (August 24, 2009). "The 10 Greatest Electric-Guitar Players". Time . Archived from the original on August 17, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  184. Commando, pg122
  185. Dey, Iain: 'Kiss and sell: rock's giant cash machine', The Sunday Times , December 7, 2014, p9
  186. 1 2 Prindle, Mark (April 2009). "One Two Three Faux!: A Tribute to Tributes to the Ramones". Spin. p. 63. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013. Retrieved February 11, 2012.
  187. Torreano, Bradley. "Overview: We're a Happy Family: A Tribute to Ramones". Allmusic . Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  188. Laitio-Ramone, Jari-Pekka (May 19, 2009). "Ramones: Soundtrack Of Our Lives". Jari-Pekka Laitio-Ramone. Archived from the original on February 24, 2016. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
  189. "Kobanes – Halfway To Sanity @ Interpunk.com – The Ultimate Punk Music Store". Interpunk.com. August 1, 2013. Archived from the original on July 13, 2014. Retrieved April 19, 2014.
  190. Huey, Steve. "Overview: File Under Ramones". Allmusic . Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  191. Anderson, Rick. "Osaka Ramones: Tribute to the Ramones – Shonen Knife | Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards | AllMusic". AllMusic. AllRovi. Archived from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2013.
  192. Laitio-Ramone, Jari-Pekka (December 15, 2015). "Ramones' tribute albums". Jari-Pekka Laitio-Ramone. Archived from the original on November 4, 2015. Retrieved January 1, 2016.

Sources